阅读说明：本技术 一种单纵轴流联合收获机清选装置 (Cleaning device of single-longitudinal axial flow combine harvester ) 是由 刘叶青 于 2020-06-03 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及农业机械技术领域,具体是一种单纵轴流联合收获机清选装置,包括脱离滚筒、凹板筛、振动筛、风扇、籽粒搅龙和杂余搅龙；本发明将风扇的输出端设置成了两个风道,一个是用于吹扫凹板筛和振动筛之间的上风道,另一个是用于吹扫振动筛和籽粒搅龙之间的下风道,并且在风道中设置了电热装置,可以对吹出的风进行加热,利用上风道中的热风可以对凹板筛上的谷物以及茎秆进行烘干,降低茎秆的韧性和强度,降低或避免堵料情况,同时,相对于茎秆来说,谷粒本身水分的包裹性好,因此茎秆会较为快速的失水而减轻质量,有利于风选中被剔除,从而提高清选效果,另一方面,对谷粒表面的烘干有利于谷物的储存。(The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a cleaning device of a single-longitudinal axial flow combine harvester, which comprises a separation roller, a concave plate sieve, a vibrating sieve, a fan, a grain screw and a residue screw; the output end of the fan is provided with two air channels, one air channel is used for sweeping an upper air channel between the concave plate sieve and the vibrating sieve, the other air channel is used for sweeping a lower air channel between the vibrating sieve and the seed auger, the air channels are provided with the electric heating devices, blown air can be heated, grains and stalks on the concave plate sieve can be dried by utilizing hot air in the upper air channel, the toughness and the strength of the stalks are reduced, and the blockage situation is reduced or avoided.)

1. A cleaning device of a single longitudinal axial flow combine harvester is characterized in that: comprises a separation roller (1), a concave plate sieve (2), a vibrating sieve (3), a fan (4), a grain auger (5) and a sundry auger (6), wherein the separation roller (1) has an included angle of 5-10 degrees with the horizontal direction, the separation roller (1) comprises a roller shaft (11), a roller cone body (12), a threshing toothed bar (13) and threshing teeth (14), the concave plate sieve (2) is positioned below the threshing toothed bar (13) and the threshing teeth (14), the vibrating sieve (3) is positioned below the concave plate sieve (2), the auger (5) is positioned in the middle of the lower part of the vibrating sieve (3), the sundry auger (6) is positioned at the tail part of the lower part of the vibrating sieve (3), the fan (4) is installed at the front end of the vibrating sieve (3), and a fan chamber (41) is arranged outside the fan (4), the improved grain separator is characterized in that an upper air duct guide plate (411) and a lower air duct guide plate (412) are arranged on the fan chamber (41), a guide plate (44) is arranged at the edge of the lower air duct guide plate (412), a lower air duct (401) blowing air between the vibrating screen (3) and the grain auger (5) is formed on the inner side of the upper air duct guide plate (411), an upper air duct (402) blowing air between the concave plate screen (2) and the vibrating screen (3) is formed in the lower air duct guide plate (412), and electric heating devices (43) are arranged in the lower air duct (401) and the upper air duct (402).

2. A single longitudinal axial flow combine cleaning plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a swinging air guide device (7) linked with the fan (4) through a clutch device is arranged at the air outlet end of the upper air duct (402), so that air blown out of the upper air duct (402) flows towards the bottom of the concave screen (2), or between the concave screen (2) and the vibrating screen (3), or the upper part of the vibrating screen (3).

3. A single longitudinal axial flow combine cleaning plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the electric heating device (43) comprises two fixing plates and a plurality of electric heating wires connected between the two fixing plates, and the length direction of the electric heating wires is parallel to the direction of wind movement in the lower air duct (401) or the upper air duct (402).

4. A single longitudinal axial flow combine cleaning plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: concave screen (2) include arc sieve board (22) and fix mounting panel (21) on arc sieve board (22) are gone up to follow, concave screen (2) divide into connecting portion (201), side sieve portion (202) and end sieve portion (203) along its width direction, end sieve portion (203) are located the intermediate position department of arc sieve board (22), side sieve portion (202) are located the both sides of arc sieve board (22).

5. A single longitudinal axial flow combine cleaning plant according to claim 4, characterized in that: the arc-shaped sieve plate (22) is divided into a front section sieve partition (221) and a middle and rear section sieve partition (222) along the length direction of the arc-shaped sieve plate, the front section sieve partition (221) is provided with sparse grid sieve plates (23) and cut-off sieve plates (24) which are distributed at intervals, and the middle and rear section sieve partition (222) is provided with a plurality of dense grid sieve plates (25) which are distributed in parallel.

6. A single longitudinal axial flow combine cleaning plant according to claim 5, characterized in that: sparse grid sieve plate (23) and cut off sieve plate (24) and follow the width direction of arc sieve plate (22) arranges, just cut off sieve plate (24) including net sieve plate (241) and prismatic sieve plate (242), net sieve plate (241) with the position of end sieve portion (203) corresponds, prismatic sieve plate (242) with the position of side sieve portion (202) corresponds, prismatic groove area on prismatic sieve plate (242) is 1.5-2 times of square groove area on the net sieve plate (241).

7. A single longitudinal axial flow combine cleaning plant according to claim 6, characterized in that: the included angle of the edge angle of the prismatic groove on the prismatic sieve plate (242) in the width direction of the arc-shaped sieve plate (22) is 60-80 degrees.

8. A single longitudinal axial flow combine cleaning plant according to claim 2, characterized in that: the swing type air guide device (7) comprises an air guide plate (71), a rotating shaft (72), a swing rod (73) and a connecting rod (74), the air guide plate (71) is hinged to the inner wall of the lower air duct guide plate (412) through the rotating shaft (72), one end of the swing rod (73) is fixed to the rotating shaft (72), the swing rod (73) is parallel to the air guide plate (71), the first end of the connecting rod (74) is hinged to the other end of the swing rod (73), and the second end of the connecting rod (74) is hinged to a crank (42) in transmission connection with the clutch device.

9. A single longitudinal axial flow combine cleaning plant according to claim 8, characterized in that: the front end of the lower air duct guide plate (412) is provided with a duckbill widening part (413), and the front end of the air guide plate (71) is provided with extending parts (711) extending towards two sides.

10. A single longitudinal axial flow combine cleaning plant according to claim 2, characterized in that: clutch includes clutch plate (81), gear (82), slide shaft (83), control end (84) and spring (85), gear (82) with fan (4) transmission is connected, slide shaft (83) with clutch plate (81) fixed connection, just slide shaft (83) run through gear (82) and with gear (82) circumference fixed connection, clutch plate (81) with be equipped with between gear (82) spring (85), slide shaft (83) are kept away from the one end of clutch plate (81) is equipped with control end (84).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a cleaning device of a single longitudinal axial flow combine harvester.

Background

In recent years, a single longitudinal axial flow combine harvester adopts a longitudinal axial flow threshing mode, a threshing cylinder is relatively long, the rotating speed is relatively low, the threshing effect is relatively ideal, and the grain breakage rate is relatively low, so that the combine harvester is more and more favored by the market. At present, the cleaning device of the single longitudinal axial flow combine harvester mostly adopts an air screen type cleaning device which mainly comprises a fan, a shaking plate for conveying the removed mixture, a cleaning screen, a transmission mechanism and the like.

When the combine harvester works ideally, the shaking plate and the cleaning sieve do reciprocating motion, the removed mixture is continuously conveyed to the sieve surface by the shaking plate, the removed mixture is blown away under the action of a fan arranged at the front lower part of the cleaning sieve, light mixtures such as glumes, short stalks and the like are taken out of the combine harvester under the action of air flow, the slightly heavy mixtures such as long stalks, residual ears and the like gradually move to the rear part of the sieve surface under the vibration of the sieve, grains leak from the sieve pores in the moving process, the stalks are discharged from the sieve, and the residual ears fall into a trash auger for re-removal.

The invention with application number CN201610023439.5 discloses a cleaning device of a single longitudinal axial flow combine harvester, which eliminates vortex generated below an original straight shaking plate, so that the air velocity at the front parts of a fish scale screen and a first weaving screen is increased, the requirement that the air velocity at the front section is higher when the single longitudinal axial flow combine harvester cleans is met, most of materials fall from the front section to be screened under an ideal state, but when the materials are wet, the toughness of fibers such as stalks and the like is increased, the adhesion is good, the weight is also higher, so that the conditions of material blockage and difficult separation are easy to occur at the front section, grains fall at a position close to the back, when the grains fall at the position close to the back, the wind power is reduced, the winnowing cannot play a good role, and the cleanliness of the grains can be reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a cleaning device of a single longitudinal axial flow combine harvester, which solves the problems in the prior art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a cleaning device of a single-longitudinal axial flow combine harvester comprises a separation roller, a concave plate sieve, a vibrating sieve, a fan, a grain screw and a tailing screw, wherein the separation roller has an included angle of 5-10 degrees with the horizontal direction, the separation roller comprises a roller shaft, a roller cone, a threshing toothed bar and threshing teeth, the concave plate sieve is positioned below the threshing toothed bar and the threshing teeth, the vibrating sieve is positioned below the concave plate sieve, the grain screw is positioned in the middle of the lower part of the vibrating sieve, the tailing screw is positioned at the tail part of the lower part of the vibrating sieve, the fan is arranged at the front end of the vibrating sieve, a fan chamber is arranged outside the fan, an upper air duct guide plate and a lower air duct guide plate are arranged on the fan chamber, a guide plate is arranged at the edge of the lower air duct guide plate, and a lower air duct blowing air towards the space between the vibrating sieve and the screw is formed on the inner side of the upper air duct guide plate, an upper air duct blowing air between the concave plate sieve and the vibrating sieve is formed in the lower air duct guide plate, and electric heating devices are arranged in the lower air duct and the upper air duct.

Preferably, the air outlet end of the upper air duct is provided with a swinging air guide device which is linked with the fan through a clutch device, so that air blown out of the upper air duct flows towards the bottom of the concave screen, or between the concave screen and the vibrating screen, or the upper part of the vibrating screen.

Preferably, the electric heating device comprises two fixing plates and a plurality of electric heating wires connected between the two fixing plates, and the length direction of the electric heating wires is parallel to the wind movement direction in the lower air duct or the upper air duct.

Preferably, the concave screen includes the arc sieve board and fixes the mounting panel on edge on the arc sieve board, the concave screen divide into connecting portion, side screening portion and end screening portion along its width direction, end screening portion is located the intermediate position department of arc sieve board, side screening portion is located the both sides of arc sieve board.

Preferably, the arc-shaped sieve plate is divided into a front section sieving area and a middle and rear section sieving area along the length direction of the arc-shaped sieve plate, the front section sieving area is provided with grid thinning sieve plates and grid cutting sieve plates which are distributed at intervals, and the middle and rear section sieving area is provided with a plurality of grid dense sieve plates which are distributed in parallel.

Preferably, the grid-thinning sieve plate and the cutting sieve plate are arranged in the width direction of the arc-shaped sieve plate, the cutting sieve plate comprises a grid sieve plate and a prismatic sieve plate, the grid sieve plate corresponds to the bottom sieving part in position, the prismatic sieve plate corresponds to the side sieving part in position, and the prismatic groove area on the prismatic sieve plate is 1.5-2 times that of the square groove on the grid sieve plate.

Preferably, the included angle of the edge angle of the prismatic groove on the prismatic sieve plate in the width direction of the arc-shaped sieve plate is 60-80 degrees.

Preferably, the swing type air guide device comprises an air deflector, a rotating shaft, a swing rod and a connecting rod, the air deflector is hinged to the inner wall of the lower air duct guide plate through the rotating shaft, one end of the swing rod is fixed to the rotating shaft, the swing rod is parallel to the air deflector, the first end of the connecting rod is hinged to the other end of the swing rod, and the second end of the connecting rod is hinged to a crank in transmission connection with the clutch device.

Preferably, the front end of the lower air duct guide plate is provided with a duckbill widening part, and the front end of the air guide plate is provided with extending parts extending towards two sides.

Preferably, clutch includes clutch plate, gear, slide shaft, control end and spring, the gear with the fan transmission is connected, the slide shaft with clutch plate fixed connection, just the slide shaft runs through the gear and with gear circumference fixed connection, the clutch plate with be equipped with between the gear the spring, the slide shaft is kept away from the one end of clutch plate is equipped with the control end.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the output end of the fan is provided with two air channels, one air channel is used for sweeping an upper air channel between the concave plate sieve and the vibrating sieve, the other air channel is used for sweeping a lower air channel between the vibrating sieve and the seed auger, the air channels are provided with the electric heating devices, blown air can be heated, grains and stalks on the concave plate sieve can be dried by utilizing hot air in the upper air channel, the toughness and the strength of the stalks are reduced, and the blockage situation is reduced or avoided.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a flat blowing state of an upper air duct in a cleaning device of a single longitudinal axial flow combine harvester according to the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing an upward blowing state of an upper air duct of the cleaning device of the single longitudinal axial flow combine harvester according to the invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a state that an upper air duct blows downwards in a cleaning device of the single longitudinal axial flow combine harvester according to the invention;

FIG. 4 is a side view of a concave sieve in the cleaning device of the single longitudinal axial flow combine harvester of the invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a concave plate screen in a cleaning device of the single longitudinal axial flow combine harvester in the unfolded state;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a swinging type air guiding device in the cleaning device of the single longitudinal axial flow combine harvester.

Reference numbers in the figures: 1. a disengagement drum; 11. a drum shaft; 12. a roller cone; 13. a threshing toothed bar; 14. threshing teeth; 2. a concave plate sieve; 201. a connecting portion; 202. side screening; 203. bottom screening; 21. mounting a plate; 22. an arc-shaped sieve plate; 221. a front section screening area; 222. the middle and rear sections are screened; 23. grid-sparse sieve plate; 24. cutting off the sieve plate; 241. a grid sieve plate; 242. a prismatic sieve plate; 25. dense grid sieve plates; 3. vibrating screen; 4. a fan; 401. a lower air duct; 402. an upper air duct; 41. a fan chamber; 411. an upper duct baffle; 412. a lower duct baffle; 413. a duckbill widening; 42. a crank; 43. an electric heating device; 44. a guide plate; 5. a seed auger; 6. a tailing auger; 7. a swinging air guide device; 71. an air deflector; 711. an extension portion; 72. a rotating shaft; 73. a swing rod; 74. a connecting rod; 81. a clutch plate; 82. a gear; 83. a slide shaft; 84. a control end; 85. a spring.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.