Multi-station flexible clamp

文档序号:1416995 发布日期:2020-03-13 浏览:10次 中文

阅读说明:本技术 一种多工位柔性夹具 (Multi-station flexible clamp ) 是由 林志斌 杜斌 裴庆川 杨江 孔雄 马国洲 于 2019-12-09 设计创作,主要内容包括:本发明公开了一种多工位柔性夹具,包括夹具体,夹具体设有定位槽、供虎钳夹持的夹持面,定位槽的开口朝上、且端部延伸至夹持面,定位槽中设有弹性件和至少两个定位块,每一定位块设有用于放置待加工的工件的定位孔,定位块与定位槽间隙配合,弹性件用于在虎钳夹持夹持面时、朝夹持面挤压定位块,以便将定位块压紧在虎钳的表面。本申请提供的多工位柔性夹具解决单个工件有效加工时间短、加工效率低、工人劳动强度大的问题,同时减少主轴频繁高速启、停时的磨损。(The invention discloses a multi-station flexible clamp which comprises a clamp body, wherein the clamp body is provided with a positioning groove and a clamping surface for clamping a vice, the opening of the positioning groove faces upwards, the end part of the positioning groove extends to the clamping surface, an elastic piece and at least two positioning blocks are arranged in the positioning groove, each positioning block is provided with a positioning hole for placing a workpiece to be machined, the positioning blocks are in clearance fit with the positioning groove, and the elastic piece is used for extruding the positioning blocks towards the clamping surface when the vice clamps the clamping surface so as to press the positioning blocks on the surface of the vice. The multi-station flexible clamp provided by the application solves the problems that the effective processing time of a single workpiece is short, the processing efficiency is low, and the labor intensity of workers is high, and reduces the abrasion of a main shaft during frequent high-speed starting and stopping.)

1. The utility model provides a flexible anchor clamps of multistation, its characterized in that, includes the anchor clamps body (1), the anchor clamps body (1) is equipped with constant head tank (11), supplies clamping face (13) of vice centre gripping, the opening of constant head tank (11) up, and the tip extends to clamping face (13), be equipped with elastic component and two at least locating pieces (2) in constant head tank (11), each locating piece (2) are equipped with locating hole (21) that are used for placing work piece (4) of treating processing, locating piece (2) with constant head tank (11) clearance fit, the elastic component is used for the vice centre gripping during clamping face (13), towards clamping face (13) extrusion locating piece (2), so that will locating piece (2) compress tightly the surface of vice.

2. A multi-station flexible clamp according to claim 1, wherein the side wall of the locating hole (21) comprises a C-shaped locating surface (25) for clearance fit with the outer circle of the workpiece (4), the C-shaped locating surface (25) has two parallel edges (26) spaced a predetermined distance apart, and the edges (26) are used for contact with a vice when the vice clamps the clamping surface (13) so that the vice pushes the flat surface of the workpiece (4) to a state coplanar with the clamping surface (13).

3. A multi-station flexible clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that the positioning holes (21) are stepped holes for placing workpieces (4) of different specifications.

4. A multi-station flexible clamp according to claim 1, wherein said positioning block (2) is provided with a mounting hole (23), and the end of said elastic member is provided in said mounting hole (23).

5. A multi-station flexible clamp according to claim 4, characterized in that said elastic element is a spring (3).

6. The multi-station flexible clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom of the positioning block (2) is provided with a limiting protrusion (22), and the bottom of the positioning groove (11) is provided with a limiting groove (12) matched with the limiting protrusion (22).

7. A multi-station flexible clamp according to claim 6, characterized in that said positioning slot (11) has a T-shaped cross section.

8. A multi-station flexible fixture according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the clamping surfaces (13) comprise a left clamping surface and a right clamping surface which are oppositely distributed, the positioning slot (11) extends from the left clamping surface to the right clamping surface, two positioning blocks (2) are arranged in the same positioning slot (11), and the elastic member is arranged in the middle of two positioning blocks (2) in the same positioning slot (11).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of milling machining of machinery, in particular to a multi-station flexible clamp.

Background

Aerospace products require high mechanical precision on a workpiece, e.g. a specific type of product, the material of whichIs copper, outer diameter

Figure BDA0002309021490000012

Long and long

Figure BDA0002309021490000011

The excircle is provided with a flat surface, the end face of the part is provided with an inner hole, an eccentric small hole and a notch, the perpendicularity of the end face to the inner hole is 0.003mm, the perpendicularity of the flat surface on the excircle to the end face is 0.01mm, and the included angle between one edge of the notch and the normal line of the flat surface on the excircle is 28 degrees to 10 degrees, so that small size deviation in processing can seriously affect the use performance of the product.

At present, the eccentric small holes and notches of the product are generally processed by the following three processing methods:

first, the vice clamps the excircle and the plano of part, alignment hole, processing eccentric aperture and breach, and the vice is easy to be pressed from both sides the excircle of hindering the product when actual operation, causes the batch nature to scrap.

And secondly, the outer circle of the part is sleeved by the opening sleeve, and the opening sleeve is clamped by three claws for processing. The method is used for aligning the inner hole of the part and the flat surface on the excircle of the part, and the angle of the part is out of tolerance or the product is scrapped due to the fact that the flat surface of the part is small, the alignment difficulty is high, and the error is large.

And thirdly, using a special tool, hexagonal boring an inner hole which is a few microns larger than the excircle size of the part, simultaneously exposing the plane of the part, clamping the tool by a vice, and aligning the inner hole and the plane of the part. The method is used for clamping once, machining one part and changing the tool for four times in total. The processing time was 8 minutes and 25 seconds. The clamping, tool changing, alignment and cleaning time is 7 minutes and 10 seconds, and the real effective processing time is 1 minute and 15 seconds. The disadvantages of this method are: effective cutting time is short, most of the cutting tools are used in auxiliary time, frequent tool changing causes great abrasion to a tool changing mechanism of a numerical control machine tool, the influence of frequent stop and start of high rotating speed of a main shaft on the main shaft of the machine tool is particularly great, and meanwhile, short-time alignment and clamping are also increased to the labor intensity of workers.

In summary, how to avoid damage to the workpiece, improve the processing efficiency, and reduce the labor amount of workers is a problem to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a multi-station flexible clamp, which solves the problems of short effective processing time, low processing efficiency and high labor intensity of workers of a single workpiece, and reduces the abrasion of a main shaft during frequent high-speed starting and stopping.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a flexible anchor clamps of multistation, includes the anchor clamps body, the anchor clamps body is equipped with the constant head tank, supplies the clamping face of vice centre gripping, the opening of constant head tank up, and the tip extends to the clamping face, be equipped with elastic component and two at least locating pieces in the constant head tank, each the locating piece is equipped with the locating hole that is used for placing the work piece of treating processing, the locating piece with constant head tank clearance fit, the elastic component is used for at the vice centre gripping during the clamping face, towards the clamping face extrusion the locating piece, so that will the locating piece compresses tightly the surface of vice.

Preferably, the side wall of the positioning hole comprises a C-shaped positioning surface which is used for being in clearance fit with the outer circle of the workpiece, the C-shaped positioning surface is provided with two parallel edges which are distributed at a preset interval, and the edges are used for being in contact with a vice when the vice clamps the clamping surface, so that the vice pushes the flat surface of the workpiece to be in a state of being coplanar with the clamping surface.

Preferably, the positioning hole is a stepped hole for placing workpieces of different specifications.

Preferably, the positioning block is provided with a mounting hole, and the end of the elastic element is arranged in the mounting hole.

Preferably, the elastic member is a spring.

Preferably, the bottom of the positioning block is provided with a limiting protrusion, and the bottom of the positioning groove is provided with a limiting groove matched with the limiting protrusion.

Preferably, the cross section of the positioning groove is T-shaped.

Preferably, the clamping surface comprises a left clamping surface and a right clamping surface which are distributed oppositely, the positioning groove extends from the left clamping surface to the right clamping surface, two positioning blocks are arranged in the same positioning groove, and the elastic part is arranged between the two positioning blocks in the same positioning groove.

In practical application, a workpiece to be machined is placed in a positioning hole of a positioning block, the positioning block is placed in a positioning groove of a fixture body, and the fixture body is fixed on a machining platform of a machining center. The tip of constant head tank extends to the specific clamping face of anchor clamps for the lateral wall of locating piece exposes in the vice side, and when vice centre gripping clamping face, the elastic component in the constant head tank utilizes self elastic restoring force to extrude the locating piece towards the direction of vice, and vice and elastic component cooperation are tight with the locating piece clamp, thereby the position of indirect fixed work piece.

First, because the lateral wall of locating piece laminates with the work piece mutually to the realization is to the fixed of work piece, consequently compares in the mode of the direct centre gripping work piece of prior art middle vice, has reduced the impaired risk of work piece.

Secondly, the elastic component provides the clearance for the locating piece to compress tightly the locating piece on the surface of vice, because the distance of keeping silent of vice is certain, just controllable, consequently the position of vice ability accurate control locating piece, and then the position of indirect location work piece. When clamping different batches of workpieces, the vice position is fixed, so that a plurality of batches of workpieces can be positioned at the same position, repeated alignment is not needed for different batches of workpieces, the alignment difficulty is reduced, and the alignment efficiency is improved.

Thirdly, because the multi-station flexible clamp is equipped with at least two locating blocks, and every locating block all can fix a work piece, therefore the multi-station flexible clamp can once only fix a position a plurality of work pieces, and need not fix a position alone every work piece to machining efficiency has been improved, workman's the amount of labour has been reduced.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a multi-station flexible clamp in a workpiece clamping state;

FIG. 2 is a top view of the multi-station flexible fixture in a workpiece clamping state;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of the positioning block and the elastic member assembled together.

FIG. 4 is a top view of the clamp body;

FIG. 5 is a side view of the clamp body;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the elastic member;

FIG. 7 is a top view of the locating block;

FIG. 8 is a front view of the locating block;

FIG. 9 is a left side view of the locating block;

fig. 10 is a right side view of the locating block.

The reference numerals in figures 1 to 10 are:

the fixture comprises a fixture body 1, a positioning groove 11, a limiting groove 12 and a clamping surface 13; the positioning block 2, the positioning hole 21, the limiting bulge 22, the mounting hole 23, the clamping side wall 24, the C-shaped positioning surface 25 and the edge 26; a spring 3; a workpiece 4.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The application provides a multistation flexible clamp, including the anchor clamps body 1, elastic component, locating piece 2.

The anchor clamps body 1 need cooperate the vice to use together, and the vice has two to keep silent, and one is fixed vice jaw, another is movable vice jaw, and the size of anchor clamps body 1 is according to the vice design of keeping silent. The side wall of the outer side wall of the clamp body 1, which is matched with the vice, is called a clamping surface 13, the clamping surface 13 is generally a plane, the vice is provided with two jaws which are oppositely distributed, and the corresponding clamping surface 13 of the clamp body 1 comprises a left clamping surface and a right clamping surface which are oppositely distributed. In the actual design, the mutual verticality, parallelism and planeness of the appearance of the fixture body 1 are controlled within 0.01 mm.

The top surface of the fixture body 1 is provided with a positioning groove 11, the positioning groove 11 is matched with the positioning block 2 for use, the positioning groove 11 and the positioning block are in clearance fit, and the clearance is preferably controlled within 0.02 mm. In actual design, the number of the positioning grooves 11 is not limited, and may be one or more. The same positioning groove 11 can extend inwards to the middle part of the clamp body 1 from the left clamping surface and/or the right clamping surface, and one end of the elastic piece can be abutted against the side wall of the positioning groove 11 and the other end of the elastic piece can be abutted against the side wall of the positioning block 2; or, the same positioning groove 11 may also extend from the left clamping surface to the right clamping surface, at this time, two positioning blocks 2 may be disposed in the same positioning groove 11, the elastic member is disposed in the middle of the two positioning blocks 2 in the same positioning groove 11, the left end of the elastic member abuts against the left positioning block 2, and the right end of the elastic member abuts against the right positioning block 2.

The fixture body 1 is used as a special tool for mass production, and needs to have high rigidity and wear resistance, and the material is preferably stainless steel (such as 2Cr13) in consideration of comprehensive cost, and the heat treatment hardness value is 38-42 HRC. In order to prevent the clamp body 1 from rusting and affecting the positioning accuracy, bluing is performed.

In actual processing, the processing method of the fixture body 1 can refer to the following steps:

(1) blanking;

(2) milling: vice clamping and multiple face turning milling hexagons, wherein the grinding allowance of each face is 0.2mm, and the verticality and the parallelism are ensured to be 0.1 mm;

(3) clamping: removing appearance burrs;

(4) wire cutting (fast): pressing by a vice, and keeping a finish machining allowance of 1mm on each surface of the positioning groove 11;

(5) clamping: removing burrs;

(6) heating: solid solution aging is 38-42 HRC;

(7) flat grinding: the blank of the fixture body is absorbed on the working table surface, each surface is flat ground, and the verticality and the parallelism flatness of 0.01mm are ensured;

(8) clamping: removing burrs;

(9) wire cutting (slow): pressing and mounting the blank of the fixture body, aligning the plane to jump within 0.01mm, and cutting the positioning groove 11, the T-shaped groove and the chamfer C1 at the right angle of the intersection of the through groove and the T-shaped groove;

(10) clamping: removing burrs;

(11) table: bluing;

(12) and (7) warehousing.

The positioning block 2 can slide freely in the positioning groove 11. Each positioning block 2 is provided with a positioning hole 21, the positioning holes 21 are in clearance fit with the workpieces 4, and the size of the clearance is controlled within 0.02mm, so that the workpieces 4 can be rapidly installed and disassembled. The depth of the positioning hole 21 is preferably smaller than the total length of the workpiece 4 by a preset height, the preset height can be 2mm, the top surface of the workpiece 4 is higher than the positioning block 2 by 2mm, the design can be used for positioning, the workpiece 4 can be taken out in a relatively loose manner, the workpiece 4 can be guaranteed to have enough cutter relieving space in the machining process, the top surfaces of the vice and the positioning block 2 are not damaged, and the design has the advantage that the workpiece 4 is difficult to take out due to too small clearance and the outer circle of the workpiece 4 is scratched.

In the mass production process, hundreds of sliding needs to be carried out, so that the requirement on the wear resistance of the workpiece 4 is high, the positioning block 2 also needs to have certain rigidity and wear resistance, and the material and the heat treatment method can refer to the fixture body 1. In order to prevent the positioning block 2 from rusting and affecting the positioning accuracy, bluing is performed.

In actual processing, the processing method of the positioning block 2 can refer to the following steps:

(1) blanking;

(2) milling: clamping by a vice, milling a hexagonal boss and a limiting boss 22, and keeping the grinding allowance of each face to be 0.2 mm;

(3) clamping: deburring;

(4) heating: solid solution aging is 38-42 HRC;

(5) flat grinding: clamping by a vice and flatly grinding each surface;

(6) clamping: deburring;

(7) d, milling: clamping by a vice twice, and milling and boring the positioning hole 21 and the mounting hole 23 respectively;

(8) clamping: deburring;

(9) table: bluing;

(10) and (7) warehousing.

The elastic member is arranged in the positioning groove 11 of the fixture body 1 and used for pressing the positioning block 2 towards the end of the positioning groove 11, the elastic member has elasticity and can push the positioning block 2, preferably, the elastic member is a spring 3, and the spring 3 is taken as an example for description.

The spring 3 is selected, and emulsion is used for continuously washing the cutter and the multi-station flexible clamp in actual operation, so that the spring 3 needs to be corrosion-resistant and has good rigidity. In combination with cost considerations, the material may be selected from stainless steel 1Cr18Ni9, and then a surface passivation is performed. In order to ensure that the multi-station flexible fixture is clamped by the vice, the workpiece 4 does not deviate during processing, and the elastic force of the spring 3 in a compressed state is required to be greater than the sum of the milling force of the milling cutter on the workpiece 4 and the static friction force of the positioning block 2. Through practice, when the diameter of a steel wire of the spring 3 is 1.5, the pitch of the spring 3 is 8.5, the pitch of the spring is 2.5, and the number of turns is 12, the workpiece 4 is completely fixed in the contraction direction of the spring 3, namely the elasticity of the spring 3 in a compression state is greater than the sum of the milling force of the milling cutter acting on the workpiece 4 and the static friction force of the positioning block 2.

In the actual processing, the processing method of the spring 3 can refer to the following steps:

(1) blanking;

(2) turning: winding, forming and cleaning;

(3) heating: stress relief tempering;

(4) clamping: cutting single pieces and correcting;

(5) heating: stress relief tempering;

(6) clamping: correcting;

(7) heating: oil temperature loading is carried out for 12 hours;

(8) clamping: setting and fine grinding the end face;

(9) table: surface passivation;

(10) quality inspection;

(11) and (7) warehousing.

The application provides a multistation flexible clamp cooperation numerical control machining center, vice, locator use. In actual operation, the vice is placed at the center of a workbench of a machining center and is pressed and fixed by a pressing plate; installing a positioner on the side surface of the vice; the jig body 11 is placed on the table. Then, the two positioning blocks 2 and the spring 3 are combined and placed in the same positioning groove 11 together. Then, the assembled multi-station flexible fixture is integrally placed in a vice, so that one surface (i.e. the first clamping surface 13) in the width direction of the fixture body 1 needs to be attached to a fixed jaw of the vice, and one surface in the length direction needs to be attached to a positioner. Then an operator controls the vice wrench to slowly rotate to push the movable jaw of the vice to move, in the process that the two jaws of the vice are continuously tightened, the movable jaw pushes the workpiece 4 and the positioning block 2 to be continuously close to each other, the positioning block 2 transmits force to the spring 3, after the other surface (namely, the second clamping surface 13) in the width direction of the clamp body 1 is tightly pressed on the movable jaw, the spring 3 in a compression state tightly presses the positioning block 2 on the movable jaw of the vice by using elastic force.

Firstly, because locating hole 21 and work piece 4 clearance fit of locating piece 2, the lateral wall of the two is in laminating state roughly, consequently, compares the mode that the work piece 4 was directly held to the vice among the prior art, has reduced the impaired risk of work piece 4.

Secondly, because the distance of keeping silent of vice is certain, and controllable, and locating piece 2 adopts flexible location mode, fixes a position locating piece 2 through elastic component and vice jointly promptly for locating piece 2 can hug closely the surface at the vice jaw of vice at last. In actual processing, the multi-station flexible clamp can be used for multiple times and can clamp workpieces 4 of different batches. After the first clamping is completed, the machining center can automatically detect the position of the inner hole of the workpiece 4 through the equipped detection equipment and record the position. The operator can keep the position of the fixed jaw of the vise constant during the subsequent processing of other batches of workpieces 4, thereby positioning each batch of workpieces 4 in the same position. Therefore, even if repeated clamping is carried out, and even if errors exist in the actual sizes of the positioning blocks 2 arranged on the clamp body 1, the center distances of the workpieces 4 after clamping are always the same, so that the problems that the sizes of the positioning blocks 2 are inconsistent and the sizes of the center distances of the positioning holes 21 are inconsistent are solved, and the consistency of the machining sizes of the workpieces 4 is ensured. Therefore, the inner hole positions of the first batch of workpieces 4 can be detected only during machining, and the later batches of workpieces 4 do not need to be repeatedly aligned, so that the problems of repeated alignment and low repeated positioning precision during clamping at each time are solved, the alignment difficulty is reduced, and the alignment efficiency is improved.

Thirdly, as the multi-station flexible fixture is provided with at least two positioning blocks 2, for example, in the scheme shown in fig. 1, the multi-station flexible fixture can finish the processing of 6 workpieces 4 by one-time clamping without independently positioning each workpiece 4, thereby effectively reducing the clamping time, reducing the labor intensity of workers and further greatly reducing the total processing time.

Further, for the circular workpiece 4 with the flat surface, the circumferential direction of the workpiece 4 has a C-shaped arc-shaped side wall and a flat surface, in a preferred embodiment provided by the present application, the side wall of the positioning hole 21 includes a C-shaped positioning surface 25 for clearance-fitting with the outer circle of the workpiece 4, the C-shaped positioning surface 25 has two parallel edges 26 distributed at a preset distance, and when the clamping surface 13 is clamped by the vise, the edges 26 contact with the movable jaw of the vise, so that the vise pushes the flat surface of the workpiece 4 to a state coplanar with the clamping surface 13.

Specifically, the side wall of the positioning block 2, which is used for contacting with a vice, is a clamping side wall 24, the clamping side wall 24 is a planar structure parallel to the clamping surface 13, and the positioning hole 21 is formed by inward recessing of the clamping side wall 24.

In practice, when assembling the positioning block 2 and the workpiece 4, the workpiece 4 is placed in the positioning hole 21 of the positioning block 2, and it should be noted that the flat surface of the outer circle of the workpiece 4 needs to be exposed and substantially parallel to the clamping sidewall 24. When the movable jaw of the vice is controlled to move, the workpiece 4 can be automatically leveled after being lightly touched, and after the movable jaw moves in place, the elastic piece presses the workpiece 4 and the positioning block 2 on the surface of the movable jaw together. This is more remarkable in processing advantage for ensuring stability of processing quality and high efficiency of processing of the large-batch workpieces 4.

Optionally, in practical use, because the specifications of the workpieces 4 are different, the positioning holes 21 can be set to be stepped holes capable of accommodating the workpieces 4 of different specifications, so that the workpieces 4 of different specifications can be machined.

Optionally, in order to facilitate installation of the spring 3, the positioning block 2 may further include an installation hole 23, an end of the elastic member is disposed in the installation hole 23, and a gap between the installation hole 23 and the large diameter of the spring 3 is within 1 mm. In order to prevent the center of gravity of the positioning block 2 from being unstable due to the resilience of the spring 3, the mounting hole 23 should be formed at the center of the end surface of the positioning block 2.

Optionally, in order to ensure that the positioning block 2 slides freely in the positioning groove 11 and does not move in the vertical direction, corresponding limiting structures may be disposed in the positioning block 2 and the positioning groove 11, for example, the bottom of the positioning block 2 is provided with a limiting protrusion 22, the bottom of the positioning groove 11 is provided with a limiting groove 12, the limiting protrusion 22 is in clearance fit with the limiting groove 12, and the clearance is controlled within 0.02 mm. The limiting protrusion 22 and the limiting groove 12 are beneficial to accurate positioning and movement of the positioning block 2, and can play a role in guiding during sliding and also play a role in limiting the positioning block 2 from moving up and down. In practical use, the cross section of the positioning groove 11 is preferably in a T shape, and at this time, the positioning groove 11 includes an upper groove body and a lower groove body which are distributed up and down, and the width of the upper groove body is smaller than that of the lower groove body. In order to prevent the intersection right angle of the upper groove body and the lower groove body from interfering with the root of the limiting protrusion 22, a chamfer C1 at the intersection right angle of the upper groove body and the lower groove body is preferred.

The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.

The multi-station flexible clamp provided by the invention is described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

12页详细技术资料下载
上一篇:一种医用注射器针头装配设备
下一篇:一种电动车控制器外壳生产用打孔装置

网友询问留言

已有0条留言

还没有人留言评论。精彩留言会获得点赞!

精彩留言,会给你点赞!

技术分类