阅读说明：本技术 苹果分级分选系统及方法 (Apple grading and sorting system and method ) 是由 迟乃大 于 2019-11-19 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种苹果分级分选系统及方法,属于苹果清洗分选的技术领域,其包括传输支架,传输支架中间开设有空槽,传输支架对应空槽两侧位置处连接有多组下料组件,下料组件包括转动连接于传输支架上的旋转轴,旋转轴靠近空槽一侧固定连接有V型杆,V型杆两侧固定连接有多根支撑杆,旋转轴固定连接有驱动轴,传输支架转动连接有驱动气缸的缸体,驱动气缸的活塞杆转动连接于驱动轴上,传输支架顶部固定连接有多个罩体,每个罩体均连接有控制系统,控制系统包括图像采集模块、轮廓判断模块、大小判断模块和下料控制模块,本发明具有能够自动对苹果进行准确的分级,减少误选的可能的效果。(The invention discloses a system and a method for grading and sorting apples, belonging to the technical field of apple cleaning and sorting, comprising a transmission bracket, wherein a hollow groove is arranged in the middle of the transmission bracket, a plurality of groups of blanking assemblies are connected at positions of the transmission bracket corresponding to two sides of the hollow groove, each blanking assembly comprises a rotating shaft which is rotatably connected to the transmission bracket, one side of the rotating shaft, which is close to the hollow groove, is fixedly connected with a V-shaped rod, two sides of the V-shaped rod are fixedly connected with a plurality of supporting rods, the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a driving shaft, the transmission bracket is rotatably connected with a cylinder body of a driving cylinder, a piston rod of the driving cylinder is rotatably connected to the driving shaft, the top of the transmission bracket is fixedly connected with a plurality of cover bodies, each cover body is connected with a control system, the control system comprises, reducing the possible effect of a false selection.)

1. The utility model provides an apple is hierarchical selects separately system which characterized in that: the automatic feeding device comprises a transmission support (1), an empty groove (11) is formed in the middle of the transmission support (1), the empty groove (11) is arranged along the length direction of the transmission support (1), positions, corresponding to the empty groove (11), of the transmission support (1) are connected with a plurality of groups of blanking assemblies (12), each blanking assembly (12) comprises a rotating shaft (121) which is rotatably connected onto the transmission support (1), a V-shaped rod (122) is fixedly connected onto one side, close to the empty groove (11), of each rotating shaft (121), the opening of each V-shaped rod (122) faces upwards, a plurality of supporting rods (123) are fixedly connected onto two sides of each V-shaped rod (122), a driving shaft (124) is fixedly connected onto one side, far away from each V-shaped rod (122), of the transmission support (1), positions, close to each driving shaft (124), of each transmission support (1) are rotatably connected with a cylinder body of;

the top of the transmission support (1) is fixedly connected with a plurality of cover bodies (13), a blanking groove (111) is formed in the position, corresponding to the position under each cover body (13), of the transmission support (1), a discharge groove (112) is formed in the position, close to the bottom of the blanking groove (111), of the transmission support (1), and the discharge groove (112) is communicated with the blanking groove (111) and the transmission support (1) externally;

each cover body (13) is connected with a control system, and the control system comprises an image acquisition module (3), a contour judgment module (4), a size judgment module (5) and a blanking control module (6);

the image acquisition module (3) comprises cameras (31) which are fixedly connected in each cover body (13) and are used for acquiring image information;

the outline judging module (4) is connected with the image acquisition module (3) and receives the image information output by the image acquisition module (3) and judges the outline of the apple in the image information;

the size judging module (5) is connected with the outline judging module (4) and receives the image information output by the outline judging module (4), the size judging module (5) compares the apple outline in the image information with a set outline size range, and when the apple outline conforming to the outline size range is detected, the position of the apple outline is recorded and the position of the apple outline is output;

the blanking control module (6) is connected with the size judgment module (5) and receives the apple profile position output by the size judgment module (5), and the blanking control module (6) controls a piston rod of a driving cylinder (125) corresponding to the apple profile position to complete one-time expansion.

2. The apple grading and sorting system of claim 1, wherein: the size judging module (5) comprises an information storage unit (51), a contour calculating unit (52) and a contour comparing unit (53);

the information storage unit (51) receives and stores a set outline size range, wherein the outline size range is an outline diameter range;

the outline calculation unit (52) receives the image information output by the outline judgment module (4), and the outline calculation unit (52) extracts the apple outline in the image information and calculates the diameter of the apple outline;

the profile comparison unit (53) receives the diameter of the apple profile output by the profile calculation unit (52) and calls the profile diameter range stored by the information storage module, the profile comparison unit (53) corresponds the diameter of the apple profile to the profile diameter range, and when the diameter of the apple profile is within the profile diameter range, a marking signal with the apple profile information is output.

3. The apple grading and sorting system of claim 2, wherein: the size judging module (5) further comprises a position recording unit (54);

the position recording unit (54) receives the marking signal output by the outline comparison unit (53), and the position recording unit (54) searches the number of the driving cylinder (125) corresponding to the outline position of the apple according to the marking signal and transmits the number to the blanking control module (6).

4. The apple grading and sorting system of claim 1, wherein: one side of the transmission support (1) close to the discharge chute (112) is fixedly connected with a receiving platform (2), the receiving platform (2) is arranged along the length direction of the transmission support (1), and the receiving platform (2) corresponds to each discharge chute (112) and is provided with a charging basket (21).

5. The apple grading and sorting system of claim 4, wherein: the top of each cover body (13) is connected with a transverse conveying belt (131).

6. The apple grading and sorting system of claim 4, wherein: the receiving platform (2) is connected with a longitudinal conveying belt (22), the longitudinal conveying belt (22) is arranged along the length direction of the receiving platform (2), and the charging basket (21) is placed on the longitudinal conveying belt (22).

7. The apple grading and sorting system of claim 1, wherein: the diameter added value of the two supporting rods (123) is slightly larger than the average diameter of the apples, the supporting rods (123) are all obliquely arranged, and the supporting rods (123) are all obliquely arranged from one end close to the V-shaped rod (122) to the other end.

8. The apple grading and sorting system of claim 1, wherein: transmission support (1) corresponds every silo (111) inside position department and all rotates and be connected with live-rollers (1111), soft brush hair layer (1112) of live-rollers (1111) outer fixedly connected with, and the silo (111) can be covered on brush hair layer (1112), and transmission support (1) is close to live-rollers (1111) position department fixedly connected with driving motor (1113), and the output shaft fixed connection of driving motor (1113) is on live-rollers (1111).

9. The apple grading and sorting method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

firstly, the apples fall on a supporting rod (123) from one end of a transmission bracket (1) and are pushed to advance;

secondly, when the apple passes through the cover body (13), the cover body (13) shoots the image information of the apple through the camera (31), and the control system processes the image information and judges whether the outline size of the apple meets the set outline size;

when the outline size of the apple conforms to the set outline size, the control system controls the corresponding piston rod of the driving cylinder (125) to stretch and retract so as to drive the V-shaped rod (122) to rotate downwards and then rotate back, and the apple falls off from the supporting rod (123) when the V-shaped rod (122) rotates downwards;

fourthly, the apples fall into the blanking groove (111), fall into the discharging groove (112) through the blanking groove (111), and fall out of the transmission support (1) through the discharging groove (112).

10. The apple classifying and sorting method according to claim 9, further comprising the steps of:

fifthly, the apples fall into the charging basket (21) through the discharge chute (112);

and sixthly, the longitudinal conveyor belt (22) rotates towards one end of the conveying support (1) far away from the apple feeding end at intervals.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of apple cleaning and sorting, in particular to a system and a method for grading and sorting apples.

Background

At present, apples are picked off from fruit trees and then transported to manufacturers, the manufacturers clean the apples, remove the apples which do not meet the standard, and finally package the apples for delivery. When the apples are sorted, unqualified apples are removed, and the apples also need to be classified according to the sizes of the apples and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an apple grading and sorting system which can automatically and accurately grade apples and reduce the possibility of misselection.

The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

an apple grading and sorting system comprises a transmission support, wherein a hollow groove is formed in the middle of the transmission support, the hollow groove is formed in the length direction of the transmission support, a plurality of groups of blanking assemblies are connected to positions, corresponding to the two sides of the hollow groove, of the transmission support, each blanking assembly comprises a rotating shaft which is rotatably connected to the transmission support, a V-shaped rod is fixedly connected to one side, close to the hollow groove, of each rotating shaft, the opening of the V-shaped rod is upward, a plurality of support rods are fixedly connected to the two sides of the V-shaped rod, a driving shaft is fixedly connected to one side, far away from the V-shaped rod, of each rotating shaft, a cylinder body of;

the top of the transmission support is fixedly connected with a plurality of cover bodies, a blanking groove is formed in the position, corresponding to the position under each cover body, of the transmission support, a discharge groove is formed in the position, close to the bottom of the blanking groove, of the transmission support, and the discharge grooves are communicated with the blanking grooves and the transmission support;

each cover body is connected with a control system, and the control system comprises an image acquisition module, a contour judgment module, a size judgment module and a blanking control module;

the image acquisition module comprises cameras which are fixedly connected in each cover body and used for acquiring image information;

the outline judging module is connected with the image acquisition module, receives the image information output by the image acquisition module and judges the outline of the apple in the image information;

the size judging module is connected with the outline judging module and receives the image information output by the outline judging module, the size judging module compares the apple outline in the image information with a set outline size range, and when the apple outline conforming to the outline size range is detected, the outline position of the apple is recorded and the outline position of the apple is output;

the blanking control module is connected with the size judging module and receives the apple profile position output by the size judging module, and the blanking control module controls a piston rod of a driving cylinder corresponding to the apple profile position to complete one-time expansion.

By adopting the above scheme, when the apple gets into transmission support department after the washing is dried and is accomplished, the apple can fall on the bracing piece, then promote preceding apple by later apple and remove on the bracing piece, the V type pole can prevent that the apple from falling out at the removal in-process, the apple all can be detected by control system when every cover body, control system selects the apple that will accord with the specification, when only having an apple on a unloading subassembly, control system control corresponds the V type pole rotation of electing the apple, make the apple of electing fall, get into the blown down tank by the blown down tank in, again by the blown down tank fall out, collect by the staff, can carry out accurate grading to the apple automatically, reduce the possibility of miscelection, practice thrift the human cost, separation efficiency is improved.

The invention is further configured to: the size judging module comprises an information storage unit, a contour calculating unit and a contour comparing unit;

the information storage unit receives and stores a set outline size range, wherein the outline size range is an outline diameter range;

the outline calculation unit receives the image information output by the outline judgment module, extracts the apple outline in the image information and calculates the diameter of the apple outline;

the profile comparison unit receives the diameter of the apple profile output by the profile calculation unit and calls the profile diameter range stored by the information storage module, the profile comparison unit corresponds the diameter of the apple profile to the profile diameter range, and when the diameter of the apple profile is within the profile diameter range, a marking signal with the apple profile information is output.

By adopting the scheme, a user firstly needs to set the outline size range in the information storage unit, the size judgment module receives the judgment of the outline diameter of the apple to determine whether the apple conforms to the set outline size range, the data processing flow is fast, and the judgment result is accurate.

The invention is further configured to: the size judging module also comprises a position recording unit;

the position recording unit receives the marking signal output by the outline comparison unit, searches the number of the driving cylinder corresponding to the outline position of the apple according to the marking signal, and transmits the number to the blanking control module.

By adopting the scheme, the position recording unit judges the number of the driving cylinder, the number is used as the apple outline position to be transmitted to the blanking control module, the data flow is accurate, and errors are not easy to occur.

The invention is further configured to: the conveying support is close to spout one side fixedly connected with and connects the material platform, connects the material platform to set up along conveying support length direction, connects material platform to correspond every spout position department and has all placed the charging basket.

By adopting the above scheme, the charging basket is used for accepting and collecting the apples falling out of the discharge chute, so that workers can collect the apples conveniently.

The invention is further configured to: the top of each cover body is connected with a transverse conveying belt.

Through adopting above-mentioned scheme, horizontal conveyer belt is used for transmitting the charging basket, and after the charging basket on a station was held fully or was carried away, the staff can be by horizontal conveyer belt to connecing material platform department transportation charging basket, and the blown down tank below is placed to the charging basket by the staff at last.

The invention is further configured to: the material receiving platform is connected with a longitudinal conveying belt, the longitudinal conveying belt is arranged along the length direction of the material receiving platform, and the material basket is placed on the longitudinal conveying belt.

By adopting the scheme, the vertical conveying belt can convey the charging basket on the material receiving table to one end of the material receiving table at intervals, and a worker can receive and process all the charging baskets at one end of the material receiving table at the same time.

The invention is further configured to: the diameter added value of two bracing pieces slightly is greater than the average diameter of apple, and the bracing piece all inclines to set up, and the bracing piece is by being close to V type pole one end and setting up to the other end tilt up.

Through adopting above-mentioned scheme, the apple can be better held to the bracing piece of slope, can guarantee to have only an apple on every group unloading subassembly simultaneously.

The invention is further configured to: the conveying support corresponds every charging conduit inside position department and all rotates and is connected with the live-rollers, the outer soft brush hair layer of fixedly connected with of live-rollers, and the brush hair layer can cover the charging conduit, and conveying support is close to live-rollers position department fixedly connected with driving motor, and driving motor's output shaft fixed connection is on the live-rollers.

Through adopting above-mentioned scheme, when the apple fell into the charging conduit, at first the contact brush hair layer, the brush hair layer played the cushioning effect, prevented that the apple from being fallen into the injury.

The invention aims to provide an apple grading and sorting method which can automatically and accurately grade apples and reduce the possibility of misselection.

The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

an apple grading and sorting method comprises the following steps:

firstly, dropping the apples on the supporting rod from one end of the transmission bracket and pushing the apples to move forwards;

secondly, when the apple passes through the cover body, the cover body shoots image information of the apple through the camera, the control system processes the image information and judges whether the outline size of the apple meets the set outline size or not;

when the profile size of the apple conforms to the set profile size, the control system controls the corresponding piston rod of the driving cylinder to stretch and retract so as to drive the V-shaped rod to rotate downwards and then rotate back, and the apple falls off the supporting rod when the V-shaped rod rotates downwards;

and fourthly, the apples fall into the charging chute, fall into the discharge chute through the charging chute, and fall out of the transmission support through the discharge chute.

By adopting the scheme, the apples can be accurately graded automatically through the control system, the possibility of wrong selection is reduced through precise data comparison, the labor cost is effectively reduced, and the sorting efficiency is effectively improved.

The invention is further configured to: further comprising the steps of:

fifthly, dropping the apples into the charging basket through the discharge chute;

and sixthly, the longitudinal conveying belt can rotate towards one end of the conveying support far away from the apple feeding end at intervals.

By adopting the scheme, the vertical conveying belt can move the charging basket for holding the apples, so that the charging basket is gathered together, and workers can collect and process the apples uniformly.

In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the apple can be automatically and accurately graded, the possibility of mis-selection is reduced, the labor cost is saved, and the sorting efficiency is improved;

2. the user firstly needs to set a contour size range in the information storage unit, the size judgment module receives the judgment of the contour diameter of the apple to determine whether the apple conforms to the set contour size range, the data processing flow is fast, and the judgment result is accurate;

3. the position recording unit judges the number of the driving cylinder, the number is used as the apple outline position to be transmitted to the blanking control module, data circulation is accurate, and errors are not easy to occur.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of the first embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a protruding drive cylinder and a drive shaft according to the first embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the protruded chute and the discharge chute in the first embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a salient image acquisition module, a contour determination module, a size determination module and a blanking control module in the first embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a burst size determination module according to an embodiment.

In the figure, 1, a transmission bracket; 11. an empty groove; 111. a charging chute; 1111. a rotating roller; 1112. a bristle layer; 1113. a drive motor; 112. a discharge chute; 12. a blanking assembly; 121. a rotating shaft; 122. a V-shaped rod; 123. a support bar; 124. a drive shaft; 125. a driving cylinder; 13. a cover body; 131. a transverse conveyor belt; 2. a receiving platform; 21. a charging basket; 22. a longitudinal conveyor belt; 3. an image acquisition module; 31. a camera; 4. a contour judgment module; 5. a size judgment module; 51. an information storage unit; 52. a contour calculation unit; 53. a contour comparison unit; 54. a position recording unit; 6. and a blanking control module.

Detailed Description