阅读说明：本技术 一种苹果酸盐及其晶型 (Malate and crystal form thereof ) 是由 A·St·C·布朗 P·兰布 W·P·加拉赫尔 于 2010-01-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开N-(4-{[6,7-双(甲基氧基)喹啉-4-基]氧基}苯基)-N’-(4-氟苯基)环丙烷-1,1-二甲酰胺的苹果酸盐,包括(L)-苹果酸盐、(D)-苹果酸盐、(DL)苹果酸盐和它们的混合物；以及这些苹果酸盐的结晶型和非晶型。本发明还公开含有N-(4-{[6,7-双(甲基氧基)喹啉-4-基]氧基}苯基)-N’-(4-氟苯基)环丙烷-1,1-二甲酰胺的至少一种苹果酸盐的药物组合物；和治疗癌症的方法,所述方法包括给予N-(4-{[6,7-双(甲基氧基)喹啉-4-基]氧基}苯基)-N’-(4-氟苯基)环丙烷-1,1-二甲酰胺的至少一种苹果酸盐。(The present invention discloses malic acid salts of N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide, including (L) -malic acid salts, (D) -malic acid salts, (DL) malic acid salts, and mixtures thereof; and crystalline and amorphous forms of these malate salts. The invention also discloses pharmaceutical compositions containing at least one malate salt of N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide; and a method of treating cancer comprising administering at least one malate salt of N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide.)

N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide malate salt.

2. N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide malate salt of claim 1, wherein the salt is (DL) -malate salt, preferably the salt is (L) -malate salt or (D) -malate salt, more preferably wherein the salt is (L) -malate salt or is (D) -malate salt.

3. The malate salt of N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide of claim 1 or 2, wherein the salt is crystalline.

4. The N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide malate salt of claim 3, wherein the salt is N-1 crystalline form, and the N-1 form is characterized by at least one of:

(i) solid state¹³A C NMR spectrum having 4 or more peaks selected from 18.1, 42.9,44.5, 70.4, 123.2, 156.2, 170.8,175.7, and 182.1ppm ± 0.2 ppm;

(ii) powder x-ray diffraction pattern

(iii) The x-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) pattern substantially corresponds to the pattern shown in figure 1.

5. The N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide malate salt of claim 3, wherein the salt is at least 90% by weight of N-1 form, based on the weight of the salt.

6. The N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide malate salt of claim 3, wherein the salt is in the N-2 crystalline form, and the N-2 form is characterized by at least one of:

(i) solid state¹³A C NMR spectrum having 4 or more peaks selected from 23.0,25.9, 38.0,41.7, 69.7, 102.0, 122.5, 177.3,179.3,180.0, and 180.3 ± 0.2 ppm;

(ii) powder x-ray diffraction pattern

(iii) The x-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) pattern substantially corresponds to the pattern shown in fig. 8.

7. The N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide malate salt of claim 6, wherein the salt is at least 90% by weight of N-2 form, based on the weight of the salt.

8. A pharmaceutical composition comprising N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide malate salt of any one of claims 1 to 7 and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.

9. Use of N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide malate salt according to any one of claims 1 to 7 for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of cancer.

10. A crystalline form of the (L) -malate salt of N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide of any one of claims 1 to 7 for use as a medicament in treating thyroid cancer or glioblastoma in a subject.

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to the malate salt of N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N '- (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide, and to crystalline and amorphous forms of the malate salt of N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide. The malate salt of N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide comprises one of: (1) (L) -malate, (2) (D) -malate, (3) (D, L) -malate, and (4) mixtures thereof. The disclosure also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising at least one malate salt of N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide.

The present disclosure also relates to crystalline or amorphous pharmaceutical compositions comprising at least one malate salt of N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide.

The disclosure also relates to methods of treating cancer comprising administering at least one malate salt of N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide.

The disclosure further relates to methods of treating cancer comprising administering a crystalline or amorphous form of at least one malate salt of N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide.

Background

Traditionally, significant improvements in cancer treatment have been associated with the identification of therapeutic agents that act through new mechanisms. One mechanism that can be exploited in cancer therapy is the modulation of protein kinase activity, as signal transduction via protein kinase activation is responsible for many characteristics of tumor cells. Protein kinase signal transduction is particularly relevant to the growth and proliferation of cells such as thyroid, gastric, head and neck, lung, breast, prostate and colorectal cancers, as well as brain tumors.

Protein kinases can be classified as receptor-type or non-receptor-type. Receptor-type tyrosine kinases contain a large number of transmembrane receptors with diverse biological activities. For a detailed discussion of receptor-type tyrosine kinases, see Plowman et al, DN & P7 (6): 334-. Since protein kinases and their ligands play a key role in a wide variety of cellular activities, deregulation of protein kinase enzyme activity can lead to altered cellular properties, such as uncontrolled cell growth associated with cancer. In addition to oncological indications, altered kinase signaling is implicated in many other pathological diseases including, for example, immune disorders, cardiovascular diseases, inflammatory diseases, and degenerative diseases. Therefore, protein kinases are attractive targets for small molecule drug discovery. Particularly attractive targets for small molecule modulation associated with anti-angiogenic and anti-proliferative activities include receptor-type tyrosine kinases Ret, c-Met, and VEGFR 2.

The kinase c-Met is a prototype member of a subfamily of heterodimeric Receptor Tyrosine Kinases (RTKs) that include Met, Ron and Sea. The endogenous ligand for c-Met is Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF), a potential inducer of angiogenesis. Binding of HGF to c-Met induces receptor activation through autophosphorylation, resulting in increased receptor-dependent signaling, which promotes cell growth and invasion. anti-HGF antibodies or HGF antagonists have been shown to inhibit tumor metastasis in vivo (see: Maulik et al, Cytokine & growth factor Reviews 200213, 41-59). c-Met, VEGFR2 and/or Ret overexpression has been demonstrated in a variety of tumor types, including breast, colon, kidney, lung, squamous cell, myeloid leukemia, hemangioma, melanoma, astrocytoma (including glioblastoma, giant cell glioblastoma, gliosarcoma, and glioblastoma with an oligodendroglial component). Ret proteins are transmembrane receptors with tyrosine kinase activity. Ret is mutated in most familial forms of medullary thyroid carcinoma. These mutations activate the kinase function of Ret and convert it into an oncogene product.

Inhibition of EGF, VEGF and ephrin signaling will prevent cell proliferation and angiogenesis, two key cellular processes required for tumor growth and survival (Matter a. drug disc. technol. 20016, 1005-1024). Both kinases, KDR (referred to as kinase insert domain receptor tyrosine kinase) and flt-4 (fms-like tyrosine kinase-4), are Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) receptors. Inhibition of EGF, VEGF and ephrin signaling will prevent cell proliferation and angiogenesis, two key cellular processes required for tumor growth and survival (Matter a. drug disc. technol. 20016, 1005-1024). EGF and VEGF receptors are desirable targets for small molecule inhibition.

Thus, small molecule compounds that specifically inhibit, modulate and/or modulate signal transduction by kinases (including, in particular, Ret, c-Met and VEGFR2, above) are particularly desirable as methods of treating or preventing conditions associated with abnormal cell proliferation and angiogenesis. One such small molecule is N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide, which has the following chemical structure:

WO 2005/030140 describes the synthesis of N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide (examples 12, 37, 38 and 48) and also discloses the therapeutic activity of this molecule to inhibit, modulate and/or modulate signal transduction by kinases (test, Table 4, item 289). Example 48 is in WO 2005/030140, paragraph [0353 ].

In addition to therapeutic efficacy, drug developers have attempted to provide suitable forms of therapeutic agents with properties as pharmaceuticals (which properties relate to processing, manufacturing, storage stability, and/or usefulness). Thus, finding a form with some or all of these desirable properties is crucial to drug development.

Applicants have found that the salt form of the drug N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide has suitable properties for use in pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment of proliferative diseases, such as cancer. The novel salt forms of the present invention exist in both crystalline and amorphous forms.

Summary of The Invention

The present disclosure relates to the malate salt of N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide described herein, pharmaceutical compositions thereof described herein, and uses thereof described herein.

Another aspect relates to crystalline and amorphous forms of the malate salt of N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide described herein, pharmaceutical compositions described herein, and uses described herein thereof.

The present application relates to the technical solutions of:

n- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide malate salt.

2. The N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide malate salt of item 1, wherein the salt is (DL) -malate salt.

3. N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide malate salt of item 1, wherein the salt is (L) -malate salt or (D) -malate salt.

4. The N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide malate salt of item 3, wherein the salt is (L) -malate salt.

5. The N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide malate salt of item 3, wherein the salt is (D) -malate salt.

6. N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide malate salt of any one of items 3 to 5, wherein the salt is crystalline.

7. The N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide malate salt of item 6, wherein the salt is N-1 crystalline form, and the N-1 form is characterized by at least one of:

(i) solid state¹³A C NMR spectrum having 4 or more peaks selected from 18.1, 42.9,44.5, 70.4, 123.2, 156.2, 170.8,175.7, and 182.1ppm ± 0.2 ppm;

(ii) powder x-ray diffraction pattern

Comprises 4 or more 2 θ values selected from 12.8 ± 0.2 ° 2 θ, 13.5 ± 0.2 ° 2 θ, 16.9 ± 0.2 ° 2 θ, 19.4 ± 0.2 ° 2 θ, 21.5 ± 0.2 ° 2 θ, 22.8 ± 0.2 ° 2 θ, 25.1 ± 0.2 ° 2 θ, 27.6 ± 0.2 ° 2 θ, wherein the measurement of the crystalline form is at room temperature; and/or

(iii) The x-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) pattern substantially corresponds to the pattern shown in figure 1.

8. The N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide malate salt of item 7, wherein the salt is at least 90% by weight of N-1 form, based on the weight of the salt.

9. The N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide malate salt of item 6, wherein the salt is N-2 crystalline form, and the N-2 form is characterized by at least one of:

(i) solid state¹³A C NMR spectrum having 4 or more peaks selected from 23.0,25.9, 38.0,41.7, 69.7, 102.0, 122.5, 177.3,179.3,180.0, and 180.3 ± 0.2 ppm;

(ii) powder x-ray diffraction pattern

2 theta values included at 20.9 + -0.2 deg. 2 theta and 21.9 + -0.2 deg. 2 theta and 2 or more selected from 6.4 + -0.2 deg. 2 theta, 9.12 theta values of + -0.2 DEG 2 theta, 12.0 + -0.2 DEG 2 theta, 12.8 + -0.2, 13.7 + -0.2, 17.1 + -0.2, 22.6 + -0.2, 23.7 + -0.2, wherein the measurement of the crystalline form is at room temperature; and/or

(iii) The x-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) pattern substantially corresponds to the pattern shown in fig. 8.

10. The N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide malate salt of item 9, wherein the salt is at least 90% by weight of N-2 form, based on the weight of the salt.

11. A pharmaceutical composition comprising N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide malate salt of any one of items 4 to 10 and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.

12. Use of N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide malate salt of any one of items 3 to 10 for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of cancer.

13. N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide malate salt of any one of items 3 to 10 for use in therapy in treating cancer.

14. A crystalline form of the (L) -malate salt of N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide of any one of items 6 to 10 for use as a medicament for treating thyroid cancer in a subject.

15. A crystalline form of the (L) -malate salt of N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide of any one of items 6 to 10 for use as a medicament for treating a glioblastoma in a subject.

Brief Description of Drawings

Figure 1 shows the experimental XRPD pattern of N-1 form crystalline compound (I) at 25 ℃.

FIG. 2 shows the solid state of N-1 type crystalline Compound (I)¹³C NMR spectrum.

FIG. 3 shows the solid state of N-1 type crystalline Compound (I)¹⁵N NMR spectrum.

FIG. 4 shows the solid state of N-1 type crystalline Compound (I)¹⁹F NMR spectrum.

FIG. 5 shows thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of N-1 type crystalline compound (I).

FIG. 6 shows Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) analysis of N-1 type crystalline compound (I).

FIG. 7 shows the water adsorption of N-1 type crystalline compound (I).

Figure 8 shows the experimental XRPD pattern of N-2 form crystalline compound (I) at 25 ℃.

FIG. 9 shows the solid state of N-2 type crystalline Compound (I)¹³C NMR spectrum.

FIG. 10 shows the solid state of N-2 type crystalline Compound (I)¹⁵N NMR spectrum.

FIG. 11 shows the solid state of N-2 type crystalline Compound (I)¹⁹F NMR spectrum.

FIG. 12 shows thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of N-2 type crystalline compound (I).

FIG. 13 shows Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) analysis of the N-2 type crystalline compound (I).

FIG. 14 shows moisture adsorption of N-2 type crystalline compound (I).

Figure 15 shows experimental and simulated XRPD patterns of N-1 form crystalline compound (III) at room temperature.

FIG. 16 shows a solid state of N-1 type crystalline Compound (III)¹³C NMR spectrum.

FIG. 17 shows a solid state of N-1 type crystalline Compound (III)¹⁵N NMR spectrum.

FIG. 18 shows a solid state of N-1 type crystalline Compound (III)¹⁹F NMR spectrum.

FIG. 19 shows a thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of N-1 type crystalline compound (III).

FIG. 20 shows Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) analysis of the N-1 type crystalline compound (III).

FIG. 21 shows moisture adsorption of N-1 type crystalline compound (III).

Fig. 22 shows the XRPD pattern of amorphous compound (I) at room temperature.

FIG. 23 shows the solid state of amorphous Compound (I)¹³C NMR spectrum.

FIG. 24 shows amorphous combinationSolid state of substance (I)¹⁵N NMR spectrum.

FIG. 25 shows the solid state of amorphous Compound (I)¹⁹F NMR spectrum.

Fig. 26 shows Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) analysis of the amorphous compound (I).

Fig. 27 shows moisture adsorption of amorphous compound (I).

Detailed Description

The present disclosure relates to improvements in the biochemical properties of N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide whereby the compound may be suitable for pharmaceutical development. Disclosed herein is the malate salt of N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide. Novel solid state forms of these salts are also disclosed. The malate salts disclosed herein and crystalline and amorphous forms thereof each represent a separate aspect of the present disclosure. Although the present invention describes malate salts and solid forms thereof, the present invention also relates to novel compositions containing the disclosed salts and solid forms. The therapeutic uses of the salts and solid forms, as well as therapeutic compositions containing them, represent separate aspects of the present disclosure. Techniques for characterizing salts and their solid state forms are described in the examples below. These techniques may be used alone or in combination to characterize the salts disclosed herein and their solid forms. Salts and solid forms thereof may also be characterized by reference to the drawings disclosed herein.

N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl has been found]Oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide has an enzyme Ret IC of about 5.2nM (nanomolar)₅₀Values and approximately 1.3nM (nanomolar) of the enzyme c-MetIC₅₀The value is obtained. An assay for measuring this c-Met activity is described in WO2005-030140 [0458 ]]And (4) section.

RET biochemical activity was assessed using the luciferase-coupled chemiluminescent kinase assay (LCCA) format described in WO 2005-030140. Kinase activity is measured as the percentage of ATP remaining after the kinase reaction. The remaining ATP is detected by luciferase-luciferin coupled chemiluminescence. Specifically, by testing the buffer at 20uL (20mM Tris-HCl pH 7.5, 10mM MgCl)₂，0.01％Triton X-100，1mM DTT，3mM MnCl₂) In (1) combining with a test compoundSubstances (2. mu.M ATP, 1. mu.M poly-EY) and 15nM RET (human RET kinase domain expressing baculovirus M700-D1042 with (His) on the N-terminus)₆Labeled)) to initiate a reaction. The mixture was incubated at ambient temperature for 2 hours, followed by addition of 20uL luciferase-luciferin mixture, using Wallac Victor²The reader reads the chemiluminescent signal. The luciferase-luciferin mixture consisted of 50mM HEPES, pH7.8, 8.5ug/mL oxalic acid (pH 7.8), 5mM DTT, 0.4% Triton X-100, 0.25mg/mL coenzyme A, 63. mu.M AMP, 28. mu.g/mL luciferin, and 40,000 units of light/mL luciferase.

N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl]Oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1- Malic acid salt of diformylamide

The present disclosure relates to the malate salt of N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide. These malate salts are combinations of N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N '- (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide and malic acid which form the 1:1 malate salt of N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide.

Malic acid has the following structure:

due to its chiral carbon, malic acid exists as two enantiomers, (L) -malic acid and (D) -malic acid.

(L) -malic acid has the following structure:

there are several names or names known in the art for (L) -malic acid. These include (2S) - (9CI) -hydroxy-succinic acid; (S) -hydroxy-succinic acid; l- (8CI) -malic acid; l- (3CI) -malic acid; (-) - (S) -malic acid; (-) -hydroxysuccinic acid; (-) - (L) -malic acid; (-) -malic acid; (2S) -2-hydroxysuccinic acid; (2S) -2-hydroxysuccinic acid; (S) -malic acid; malic acid; l- (-) -malic acid; (L) -malic acid; NSC 9232; s- (-) -malic acid; and S-2-hydroxysuccinic acid.

(D) -malic acid has the following structure:

there are several names or names known in the art for (D) -malic acid. These include (2R) -2-hydroxysuccinic acid, (2R) - (9CI) -hydroxysuccinic acid; (R) -hydroxy-succinic acid; (+) -malic acid; (2R) -2-hydroxysuccinic acid; (2R) -malic acid; (R) - (+) -malic acid; (R) -malic acid; d- (+) -2-hydroxysuccinic acid; d- (+) -malic acid; and D-malic acid.

As discussed above, the chemical structure of N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide is

There is no chiral carbon in its chemical structure. N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N ' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide is known under multiple names, and some of these different names or designations include N ' - [4- [ (6, 7-dimethoxy-4-quinolyl) oxy ] phenyl ] -N- (4-fluorophenyl) -1, 1-cyclopropanedicarboxamide and N- [4- [ (6, 7-dimethoxy-4-quinolyl) oxy ] phenyl ] -N ' - (4-fluorophenyl) - (9CI) -1, 1-cyclopropanedicarboxamide.

N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide can be prepared on a gram scale (<1kg) or a kilogram scale (>1kg) according to any of several different methods. The gram-scale process is described in WO 2005-Asotpical 030140, which describes the synthesis of N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide (examples 25, 37, 38 and 48), which is incorporated herein by reference. Alternatively, N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide, including the active compound, can be prepared on a kilogram scale using the method described in example 1 below.

The present disclosure relates to the malate salt of N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide:

(L) -malate salt of N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide, (Compound (I));

(D) -malate salt of N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide, (compound (II)); and

(DL) -malic acid salt of N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide, (Compound (III)).

Each compound has improved properties relative to N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide and other salts thereof. The designations herein used to characterize particular types of substances, such as "N-2" and the like, are not intended to be limiting to the exclusion of any other substance having similar or identical physical and chemical characteristics, but rather, these designations are used as a mere identifier to be interpreted in accordance with the characterization information provided herein.

The malate salt of N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide, especially compound (I), is a preferred combination of pharmaceutical properties for the development of medicaments. Compound (I) showed no change in assay, purity, moisture and dissolution at 25 ℃/60% Relative Humidity (RH) and 40 ℃/60% RH. DSC/TGA showed that Compound (I) was stable up to 185 ℃. No loss of solvent was observed. The absorption of water by (L) -malate is reversible with a slight lag. The amount of water absorbed was calculated to be about 0.60% by weight at 90% RH. The (L) -malate salt is synthesized in good yield and > 90% purity and has sufficient solubility for pharmaceutical compositions. The amount of water associated with this salt was calculated to be about 0.5% by weight by Karl Fischer analysis, combined with TGA and GVS analysis. The (D) -malate salt of N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N '- (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide will have the same properties as the (L) -malate salt of N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide.

The salts of compound (I) as such and their individual crystalline and amorphous forms show contrast to N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl]Free base and other salts of oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide. For example, N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl]The hydrochloride salt of oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide exhibits undesirable moisture sensitivity and changes phase upon exposure to high humidity (75% humidity) and high temperature (40 ℃). The maleate salt has low solubility. The tartrate salt has low crystallinity and low solubility. Due to H₂The absorption of O "was highest in the tested salts, the phosphate showed an 8% weight gain.

The water solubility of the different salts was determined using 10mg solids/mL water. In salt screening (salt screen), salts were prepared by reacting acetone solutions of the free base with Tetrahydrofuran (THF) stock solutions in about a 1:1 molar ratio acid range. Table 1 below lists the water solubility and other data relating to the free base and the respective salts.

TABLE 1

Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to crystalline forms of compound (I), including N-1 and/or N-2 crystalline forms of compound (I) described herein. Each form of compound (I) is a separate aspect of the present disclosure. Likewise, another aspect of the present disclosure relates to crystalline forms of compound (II), including N-1 and/or N-2 crystalline forms of compound (II) described herein. Each of which is also a separate aspect of the present disclosure. It is known in the art that crystalline (D) malate salt will form the same crystal form and have the same properties as crystalline compound (I). See WO 2008/083319 for a discussion of the properties of crystalline enantiomers. A mixture of crystalline forms of compounds (I) and (II) is another aspect of the present disclosure.

The N-1 crystalline forms of compounds (I) and (II) described herein can be characterized by at least one of:

(i) solid state¹³C NMR spectra had peaks at 18.1, 42.9,44.5, 70.4, 123.2, 156.2, 170.8,175.7 and 182.1 ppm. + -. 0.2 ppm;

(ii) solid state¹³The C NMR spectrum substantially corresponds to the pattern shown in FIG. 2;

(iii) x-ray powder diffraction patternComprises 4 or more peaks selected from 6.4, 9.0, 12.0, 12.8, 13.5, 16.9, 19.4, 21.5, 22.8, 25.1, and 27.6 ° 2 Θ ± 0.2 ° 2 Θ, wherein the measurement of the crystalline form is at ambient room temperature;

(iv) an x-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) spectrum substantially in accordance with the pattern shown in figure 1;

(v) solid state¹⁵The N NMR spectrum had peaks at 118.6, 119.6, 120.7, 134.8, 167.1, 176.0 and 180 ppm. + -. 0.2 ppm; and/or

(vi) Solid state¹⁵The N NMR spectrum substantially corresponds to the pattern shown in figure 3.

Other solid state properties that can be used to characterize the N-1 crystalline forms of compounds (I) and (II) are shown in the figures and discussed in the examples below. For crystalline compound (I), the solid phase and crystallinity remained unchanged after 1 week of exposure to 75% RH at 40 ℃.

The N-2 crystalline forms of compounds (I) and (II) described herein can be characterized by at least one of:

(i) solid state¹³The C NMR spectrum had peaks at 23.0,25.9, 38.0, 54.4, 56.11, 41.7, 69.7, 102.0, 122.5, 177.3,179.3,180.0 and 180.3. + -. 0.2 ppm;

(ii) solid state¹³The C NMR spectrum substantially agrees with the pattern shown in FIG. 9;

(ii) x-ray powder diffraction pattern

Comprises 4 or more peaks selected from 6.4, 9.1, 12.0, 12.8, 13.7, 17.1, 20.9, 21.9, 22.6, and 23.7 ° 2 Θ ± 0.2 ° 2 Θ, wherein the measurement of the crystalline form is at ambient room temperature;

(iv) an x-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) spectrum substantially in accordance with the pattern shown in figure 8;

(v) solid state¹⁵The N NMR spectrum had peaks at 118.5, 120.8, 135.1, 167.3 and 180.1 ppm; and/or

(vi) Solid state¹⁵The N NMR spectrum substantially corresponds to the pattern shown in fig. 10;

other solid state properties that can be used to characterize the N-2 crystalline forms of compounds (I) and (II) are shown in the figures and discussed in the examples below.

In another embodiment, the present disclosure relates to a crystalline form of compound (I) as described herein in any aspect and/or embodiment, which is substantially pure form N-1.

In another embodiment, the present disclosure relates to a crystalline form of compound (I) as described herein in any aspect and/or embodiment, which is substantially pure form N-2.

The disclosure also relates to amorphous forms of compounds (I) and (II). The preparation and solid state properties and characteristics of the amorphous form of compound (I) are described in the following examples. Amorphous forms of compounds (I) and (II) represent another aspect of the present disclosure.

Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to mixtures of compound (I) and compound (II). The mixture may have more than 0% by weight to less than 100% by weight of compound (I) and less than 100% by weight to more than 0% by weight of compound (II), based on the total weight of compound (I) and compound (II). In other embodiments, the mixture comprises from about 1 wt% to about 99 wt% of compound (I) and from about 99 wt% to about 1 wt% of compound (II), based on the total weight of compound (I) and compound (II) in the mixture. In another embodiment, the mixture comprises from about 90% to less than 100% by weight of compound (I) and from greater than 0% to about 10% by weight of compound (II), based on the total weight of compound (I) and compound (II). Thus, the mixture may have 1-10% by weight of compound (I); 11-20% by weight of compound (I); 21-30% by weight of compound (I); 31-40% by weight of compound (I); 41-50% by weight of compound (I); 51-60% by weight of compound (I); 61-70% by weight of compound (I); 71-80% by weight of compound (I); 81-90% by weight of compound (I); or 91-99% by weight of compound (I), the remaining percentage by weight of the malate salt being the percentage by weight of compound (II).

Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to a crystalline form of the (DL) -malate salt of N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide (compound (III)). (DL) -malate salt was prepared from racemic malic acid. The N-1 crystalline form of compound (III) described herein can be characterized by at least one of:

(i) solid state¹³A C NMR spectrum having 4 or more peaks selected from 20.8,26.2,44.8,55.7,70.7,100.4,101.0,114.7,115.2,116.0,119.7,120.4,121.6,124.4,136.9,138.9,141.1,145.7,150.3,156.5,157.6,159.6,165.2,167.4,171.2,176.3, 182.1ppm ± 0.2 ppm;

(ii) solid state¹³The C NMR spectrum substantially agrees with the pattern shown in FIG. 16;

(iii) powder x-ray diffraction pattern

Comprises 4 or more 2 θ values selected from 12.8, 13.5, 16.9, 19.4, 21.5, 22.8, 25.1, and 27.6 ± 0.2 ° 2 θ, wherein the measurement of the crystalline form is at a temperature of room temperature;

(iv) an x-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) spectrum substantially in accordance with the pattern shown in figure 15;

(v) solid state¹⁵N NMR spectra had peaks at 119.6, 134,7 and 175.5 ppm. + -. 0.2 ppm; and/or

(vi) Solid state¹⁵The N NMR spectrum substantially corresponds to the pattern shown in fig. 17.

Other solid state properties that can be used to characterize the N-1 crystalline form of compound (III) are shown in the figures and discussed in the examples below. In one embodiment, form N-1 of compound (III) is characterized by unit cell parameters approximately equal to:

unit cell size:

α＝90.0°

β＝90.4°

γ＝90.0°

space group: p2₁/n

Molecule/unit cell of compound (I): 4

Density (calculated) 1.422g/cm³

The unit cell parameters of the N-1 form of compound (III) are measured at a temperature of about 25 ℃, e.g., at ambient or room temperature.

The N-1 and N-2 crystalline forms of the compounds (I) and (II) and the N-1 crystalline form of the compound (III) each have unique characteristics that can distinguish them from each other. These characteristics can be understood by comparing the physical properties of the solid state type shown in the following examples. For example, Table 2 lists characteristic XRPD peak positions (° 2 θ ± 0.2 ° 2 θ) for form N-1 of crystalline compound (III) and for forms N-1 and N-2 of crystalline compound (I). The amorphous form showed no reflection peaks in its XRPD pattern.

TABLE 2

Characteristic diffraction peak positions at room temperature (° 2 θ ± 0.2), based on the pattern collected with a diffractometer (CuK α) with a rotating capillary.

Unique reflex between compound (I) of type N-1 and compound (I) of type N-2.

The unique reflection between forms N-1 and N-2 of crystalline compound (II) is indicated by an asterisk. As discussed above, compound (II) is an enantiomer of compound (I), and thus, compound (II) form N-1 will have the same characteristic reflection pattern and unique peaks as listed for compound (I) form N-1 in Table 2. Also, compound (II) of type N-2 has the same characteristic reflection pattern and unique peaks as listed for compound (I) of type N-2 in Table 2. Compound (I) and compound (II) differ from each other in terms of their absolute stereochemistry, namely (L) -malate vs (D) -malate, respectively. Crystalline compound (III) of type N-1 is distinguished by (D, L) -malate.

Characteristic peaks from solid state NMR can also be used to distinguish between crystalline and amorphous forms disclosed herein. For example, Table 3 shows characteristic solid states of N-1 type crystalline compound (III), N-1 and N-2 type crystalline compound (I) and amorphous form of compound (I)¹³CNMR peak.

TABLE 3

Solid state as discussed below¹⁹F and¹⁵n NMR spectra provide data for similar comparisons and characterizations. As discussed above, as enantiomers of compound (I), the N-1 and N-2 crystalline forms and the amorphous form of compound (II) will have the same solid state NMR resonances and unique peaks therebetween as listed for N-1 and N-2 crystalline compound (I) in Table 3.

Pharmaceutical compositions and methods of treatment

Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one of compound (I), compound (II), compound (III), or a combination thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient. The amount of compound (I), compound (II), compound (III), or a combination thereof in the pharmaceutical composition can be a therapeutically effective amount. Compound (I), compound (II) or compound (III) may be present in the pharmaceutical composition as one of the solid forms discussed above or a combination thereof. The crystalline form is the preferred solid state form. Thus, another aspect of the present disclosure relates to a solid or dispersion pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a crystalline form of at least one of compound (I), compound (II), compound (III), or a combination thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.

Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to a method of treating cancer, comprising administering to a subject in need thereof at least one of compound (I), compound (II), compound (III), or a combination thereof. The amount of compound (I), compound (II), or a combination thereof administered can be a therapeutically effective amount. Compound (I), compound (II) or compound (III) may be administered alone as one of the solid forms discussed above or as a combination thereof. The crystalline form is a preferred solid form, and N-1 or N-2 form is preferred for crystallizing the compound (I). Accordingly, another aspect of the present disclosure relates to a method of treating cancer, comprising administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of at least one of compound (I), compound (II), compound (III), or a combination thereof, wherein compound (I), compound (II), or compound (III) is present in a crystalline form. In another aspect of the disclosure, the method of treatment can be practiced by administering a pharmaceutical composition such as at least one of compound (I), compound (II), compound (III), or a combination thereof, discussed above.

Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to a method of treating cancer as discussed above, wherein the cancer treated is gastric cancer, esophageal cancer, renal cancer, hepatic cancer, ovarian cancer, cervical cancer, large intestinal cancer, small intestinal cancer, brain cancer (including astrocytomas, including glioblastoma, giant cell glioblastoma, glioma, and glioblastoma with an oligodendroglial component), lung cancer (including non-small cell lung cancer), bone cancer, prostate cancer, pancreatic cancer, skin cancer, bone cancer, lymphoma, solid tumors, hodgkin's disease, non-hodgkin's lymphoma, or thyroid cancer (including medullary thyroid cancer).

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors have also been used to treat non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Gefitinib and erlotinib are angiogenesis inhibitors that target receptors for epidermal growth factor, known as tyrosine kinases. Erlotinib and gefitinib are currently used to treat NSCLC. Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to a method of treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in a subject, comprising administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, optionally in combination with erlotinib or gefitinib. In another embodiment, the combination is with erlotinib.

Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to a method of treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in a subject, comprising administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of erlotinib or gefitinib in combination with at least one of compound (I), compound (II), compound (III), or a combination thereof. Compound (I), compound (II) or compound (III) may be administered alone as one of the solid forms discussed above or as a combination thereof. The crystalline form is the preferred solid state form. Accordingly, another aspect of the present disclosure relates to a method of treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in a subject, the method comprising administering to a subject in need of treatment a therapeutically effective amount of erlotinib or gefitinib in combination with at least one of compound (I), compound (II), compound (III), or a combination thereof, wherein compound (I), compound (II), or compound (III) is present in a crystalline form. In another aspect of the disclosure, the method of treatment can be carried out by administering a pharmaceutical composition such as at least one of compound (I), compound (II), compound (III), or a combination thereof, discussed above. In another embodiment, the composition administered in this method is a composition of erlotinib and at least one of compound (I), compound (II), compound (III), or a combination thereof.

Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to methods of treating astrocytomas in a subject, including glioblastoma, giant cell glioblastoma, glioma and glioblastoma with an oligodendrocyte component in a subject, comprising administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide.

Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to a method of treating astrocytomas in a subject, including glioblastoma, giant cell glioblastoma, glioma, and glioblastoma with an oligodendroglial component in a subject, comprising administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of at least one of compound (I), compound (II), compound (III), or a combination thereof. Compound (I), compound (II) or compound (III) may be administered alone as one of the solid forms discussed above or as a combination thereof. The crystalline form is the preferred solid state form. Accordingly, another aspect of the present disclosure relates to a method of treating astrocytoma, comprising administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of at least one of compound (I), compound (II), compound (III), or a combination thereof, wherein compound (I), compound (II), or compound (III) is present in a crystalline form. In another aspect of the disclosure, the method of treatment can be carried out by administering a pharmaceutical composition such as at least one of compound (I), compound (II), compound (III), or a combination thereof, discussed above.

Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to methods of treating thyroid cancer, including medullary thyroid cancer, in a subject comprising administering to a subject in need thereof N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The amount administered may be a therapeutically effective amount.

Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to methods of treating thyroid cancer, including medullary thyroid cancer, in a subject comprising administering to a subject in need thereof at least one of compound (I), compound (II), compound (III), or a combination thereof. Compound (I), compound (II) or compound (III) may be administered alone as one of the solid forms discussed above or as a combination thereof. The crystalline form is the preferred solid state form. Accordingly, another aspect of the present disclosure relates to a method of treating thyroid cancer comprising administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of at least one of compound (I), compound (II), compound (III), or a combination thereof, wherein compound (I), compound (II), or compound (III) is present in a crystalline form. In another aspect of the disclosure, the method of treatment can be carried out by administering a pharmaceutical composition such as at least one of compound (I), compound (II), compound (III), or a combination thereof, discussed above.

Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to methods of treating diseases or disorders associated with uncontrolled, abnormal, and/or unwanted cellular activity. The method comprises administering to a subject in need thereof at least one of compound (I), compound (II), compound (III), or a combination thereof. The amount of compound (I), compound (II), or a combination thereof administered can be a therapeutically effective amount. Compound (I), compound (II) or compound (III) may be administered alone as one of the solid forms discussed above or as a combination thereof. The crystalline form is the preferred solid state form.

Accordingly, another aspect of the present disclosure relates to a method of treating a disease or disorder associated with uncontrolled, abnormal, and/or detrimental cellular activity, the method comprising administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of at least one of compound (I), compound (II), compound (III), or a combination thereof, wherein compound (I), compound (II), or compound (III) is present in a crystalline form. In another aspect of the disclosure, the method of treatment can be carried out by administering a pharmaceutical composition such as at least one of compound (I), compound (II), compound (III), or a combination thereof, discussed above. Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to methods of treating diseases or disorders associated with uncontrolled, abnormal, and/or unwanted cellular activity. The method comprises administering to a subject in need thereof a crystalline form of compound (I), compound (II), or any combination of compounds (I) and (II). The amount of compound (I), compound (II), or any combination of compounds (I) and (II) administered may be a therapeutically effective amount.

Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to the use of N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide malate salt of any of the above embodiments, for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of a disease or disorder discussed above. Upon dissolution, the crystalline or amorphous form of the present disclosure loses its solid state structure and is therefore referred to as a solution of, for example, compound (I). The at least one crystalline form disclosed herein can be used to prepare at least one liquid formulation in which the at least one crystalline form of the present disclosure is dissolved and/or suspended.

For example, the pharmaceutical compositions discussed above may be any pharmaceutical form, including solid forms thereof, containing the active compound (I), compound (II) and/or compound (III), hereinafter referred to as the active compound. The pharmaceutical composition may be, for example, a tablet, capsule, liquid suspension, injectable, topical or transdermal formulation. The pharmaceutical compositions generally contain from about 1% to about 99% by weight of the active compound or crystalline form of the active compound and from 99% to 1% by weight of a suitable pharmaceutical excipient. In one embodiment, the composition is between about 5% to about 75% by weight of the active compound, with the remainder being suitable pharmaceutical excipients or other adjuvants, as discussed below.

In accordance with the present disclosure, a "therapeutically effective amount of an active compound or a crystalline or amorphous form of an active compound" (discussed herein with respect to pharmaceutical compositions) that inhibits, modulates and/or modulates signal transduction of a kinase, refers to an amount sufficient to treat any kind of patient suffering from a variety of cancers associated with abnormal cell proliferation and angiogenesis. A therapeutically effective amount according to the present disclosure is a therapeutic amount that is therapeutically useful for treating or preventing the conditions and disorders discussed herein. Compounds (I), (II) and/or (III), including solid forms thereof, have therapeutic activity in inhibiting, modulating and/or regulating kinase signal transduction, as described in WO 2005-030140. N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide.

The actual amount required to treat any particular patient depends on a variety of factors, including the condition to be treated and its severity; the specific pharmaceutical composition used; the age, weight, general health, sex, and diet of the patient; the mode of administration; the time of administration; the route of administration; and the rate of excretion of the active compound or crystalline form of the active compound of the present disclosure; the duration of the treatment; any drug used in combination or concomitantly with the specific compound employed; and other such factors well known in the medical arts. These factors are discussed in Goodman and Gilman, "The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics", tenth edition, A.Gilman, J.Hardman and L.Limbird, eds., McGraw-Hill Press, 155-. The active compounds or crystalline forms of the active compounds and pharmaceutical compositions containing them of the present disclosure can be used in combination with anti-cancer agents or other agents that are typically administered to patients being treated for cancer. They may also be formulated with one or more such agents in a single pharmaceutical composition.

The pharmaceutically acceptable carrier may be selected from any one or a combination of carriers known in the art, depending on the type of pharmaceutical composition. The selection of a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier will depend in part on the desired method of administration to be used. For the pharmaceutical compositions of the present disclosure, i.e., the active compound or one of the crystalline forms of the active compound of the present disclosure, the carrier should be selected such that the particular form of the active compound, whether crystalline or not, is substantially maintained. In other words, the carrier should not substantially alter the form of the active compound. The carrier should also not be otherwise incompatible with the type of active compound, e.g., produce any undesirable biological effect or interact in a deleterious manner with any of the other components of the pharmaceutical composition.

The Pharmaceutical compositions of the present disclosure can be prepared by methods known in the art of Pharmaceutical formulation, see, for example, Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences, eighteenth edition (Mack Publishing Company, Easton, Pa., 1990). In solid dosage forms, compound (I) is mixed with at least one pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, such as sodium citrate or dicalcium phosphate, or (a) fillers or bulking agents, such as starch, lactose, sucrose, glucose, mannitol, and silicic acid; (b) binders such as cellulose derivatives, starch, alginates, gelatin, polyvinylpyrrolidone, sucrose and gum arabic; (c) humectants, such as glycerol; (d) disintegrating agents, such as agar-agar, calcium carbonate, potato or tapioca starch, alginic acid, croscarmellose sodium, complex silicates and sodium carbonate; (e) solution retarding agents, such as paraffin; (f) absorption accelerators, such as quaternary ammonium compounds; (g) wetting agents such as cetyl alcohol and glycerol monostearate, magnesium stearate and the like; (h) adsorbents such as kaolin and bentonite; and (i) a lubricant, such as talc, calcium stearate, magnesium stearate, solid polyethylene glycol, sodium lauryl sulfate, or mixtures thereof. In the case of capsules, tablets and pills, the dosage forms may also comprise buffering agents.

Pharmaceutically acceptable adjuvants known in the art of pharmaceutical formulation may also be used in the pharmaceutical compositions of the present disclosure. These include, but are not limited to, preservatives, wetting agents, suspending agents, sweetening, flavoring, perfuming, emulsifying and dispersing agents. Inhibition of the action of microorganisms can be ensured by various antibacterial and antifungal agents, for example, parabens, chlorobutanol, phenol, sorbic acid, and the like. It may also be desirable to include isotonic agents, for example, sugars, sodium chloride, and the like. The pharmaceutical compositions of the present disclosure may also contain minor amounts of auxiliary substances, such as wetting or emulsifying agents, pH buffering agents, and antioxidants (e.g., citric acid, sorbitan monolaurate, triethanolamine oleate, and butylated hydroxytoluene), if desired.

The solid dosage forms described above may be prepared with coatings and shells, such as enteric coatings and others well known in the art. They may contain opacifying agents and may also be of a composition that they release the active compound in a delayed manner in certain parts of the intestinal tract. Examples of embedding compositions that can be used are polymeric substances and waxes. The active compounds can also be in microencapsulated form, if appropriate with one or more of the abovementioned excipients.

Suspensions, in addition to the active compounds, can contain suspending agents as, for example, ethoxylated isostearyl alcohols, polyoxyethylene sorbitol and sorbitan esters, microcrystalline cellulose, aluminum metahydroxide, bentonite, agar-agar, and tragacanth, or mixtures of these materials, and the like.

Compositions for rectal administration are, for example, suppositories which can be prepared by mixing the active compound or the crystalline form of the active compound with, for example, suitable non-irritating excipients or carriers such as cocoa butter, polyethylene glycol or a suppository wax which are solid at ordinary temperatures but liquid at body temperature and therefore melt in a suitable body cavity and release the active ingredient therein.

Solid dosage forms are preferred for the pharmaceutical compositions of the present disclosure because the active compound or crystalline form of the active compound is maintained during its preparation. Solid dosage forms for oral administration are particularly preferred, including capsules, tablets, pills, powders and granules. In these solid dosage forms, the active compound is mixed with at least one inert, pharmaceutically acceptable excipient (also referred to as a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier). Administration of the active compound or crystalline forms of the active compound in pure form or in suitable pharmaceutical compositions may be carried out by any acceptable mode or agent of administration for similar use. Thus, administration can be, for example, oral, nasal, parenteral (intravenous, intramuscular, or subcutaneous), topical, transdermal, intravaginal, intravesical, intracisternal, or rectal means, in solid, semi-solid, lyophilized powder, or liquid dosage forms (e.g., tablets, suppositories, pills, soft elastic and hard gelatin capsules, powders, solutions, suspensions, or aerosols, and the like), preferably in unit dosage forms suitable for simple, precise dosing. One preferred route of administration is oral, using a convenient dosing regimen that may be adjusted according to the severity of the condition being treated.

General preparation of crystalline forms

The crystalline form may be prepared by a variety of methods including, but not limited to, for example, crystallization or recrystallization from a suitable solvent mixture; sublimation; growing from the melt; solid state conversion from another phase; crystallization from a supercritical fluid; and spraying. Techniques for crystallization or recrystallization of crystalline forms of solvent mixtures include, but are not limited to, for example, solvent evaporation; reducing the temperature of the solvent mixture; seeding (crystal seeding) of a supersaturated solvent mixture of a compound and/or salt thereof; seeding of a supersaturated solvent mixture of a compound and/or salt thereof; freeze drying the solvent mixture; and an anti-solvent (antisolvent) is added to the solvent mixture. Crystalline forms, including polymorphs, can be prepared using high throughput crystallization techniques.

Crystals (including polymorphs), methods of preparation, and characterization of drug crystals are discussed in Solid-statinchemistry of Drugs, s.r.byrn, r.r.pfeiffer, and j.g.stowell, second edition, SSCI, westllafayete, Indiana (1999).

In crystallization techniques in which a solvent is utilized, the solvent is generally selected based on one or more factors including, but not limited to, for example, the solubility of the compound, the crystallization technique used, and the vapor pressure of the solvent. Combinations of solvents may be utilized. For example, the compound may be solubilized in a first solvent to obtain a solution, and then an anti-solvent is added to reduce the solubility of the compound in the solution and precipitate the crystal formation. An antisolvent is a solvent in which the compound has low solubility.

In a process that can be used to prepare crystals, compound (I), compound (II), and/or compound (III) can be suspended and/or stirred in a suitable solvent to obtain a slurry, which can be heated to facilitate dissolution. The term "slurry" as used herein refers to a saturated solution of a compound, wherein the solution may contain additional amounts of the compound to yield a heterogeneous mixture of the compound and solvent at a given temperature.

Seed crystals may be added to any crystallization mixture to facilitate crystallization. Seeding may be used to control the growth of a particular polymorph, and/or to control the grain size distribution of the crystallized product. Therefore, the calculation of the amount of seeds required depends on the size of the available seeds and the desired size of the average product particles, as described in "Programmed Chemical Batch crystals", j.w. mullin and j.nyvlt, Chemical Engineering Science, 1971, 26, 3690377. Small sized seeds are generally required to effectively control crystal growth in the batch. Small size seeds can be produced by large crystals sieving, milling or micronization, or by solution microcrystallization. In crystal milling or micronization, care should be taken to avoid changing crystallinity from the desired crystalline form (i.e., to amorphous or other polymorphic forms).

The cooled crystallization mixture can be filtered under vacuum and the isolated solid product washed with a suitable solvent (e.g., cold recrystallization solvent). After washing, the product can be dried under a nitrogen purge to give the desired crystalline form. The product may be analyzed by suitable spectroscopic or analytical techniques including, but not limited to, for example, Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), x-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) to ensure that a crystalline form of the compound has been formed. The resulting crystalline form may be produced in an isolated yield of greater than about 70% by weight, preferably greater than about 90% by weight, based on the weight of the compound initially used in the crystallization process. The product may optionally be de-agglomerated by co-grinding or by passing through a mesh screen.

The features and advantages of the present disclosure may be more readily understood by those of ordinary skill in the art after reading the following detailed description. It is to be understood that certain features of the invention, which are, for clarity reasons, described above and below in the context of separate embodiments, may also be combined to form a single embodiment. Conversely, various features of the disclosure that are, for brevity, described in the context of a single embodiment, may also be combined to form subcombinations thereof. The present disclosure is further illustrated by the following examples, which should not be construed as limiting the scope or spirit of the disclosure to the particular steps described therein.

The definitions set forth herein take precedence over definitions set forth in any patent, patent application, and/or patent application publication incorporated by reference herein. All measurements are subject to experimental error and are within the spirit of the present invention.

As used herein, "amorphous" refers to a solid form of molecules and/or ions that are not crystalline. Amorphous solids do not show a well-defined X-ray diffraction pattern with a steep maximum.

The term "substantially pure" as used herein means that the referred crystalline form of compound (I) contains at least about 90% by weight based on the weight of such crystalline form. While not intending to limit the applicability of the teachings equivalent to the scope of the claims, the term "at least about 90% by weight" includes, but is not limited to, for example, about 90% by weight, about 91% by weight, about 92% by weight, about 93% by weight, about 94% by weight, about 95% by weight, about 96% by weight, about 97% by weight, about 98% by weight, about 99% by weight, and about 100% by weight, based on the weight of the crystalline form involved. The remaining crystalline form of compound (I) may comprise other forms of compound (I) and/or reaction impurities and/or handling impurities which occur, for example, when preparing this crystalline form. The presence of reaction impurities and/or process impurities can be determined by analytical techniques known in the art (e.g., chromatography, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and/or infrared spectroscopy).

Preparation examples

Example 1: preparation of N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide and its (L) -malate salt (Compound (I)).

The synthetic route for the preparation of N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide and its (L) -malate salt is depicted in scheme 1:

scheme 1

The process shown in scheme 1 is described in more detail below.

1.1 preparation of 4-chloro-6, 7-dimethoxy-quinoline

To the reactor were added 6, 7-dimethoxy-quinolin-4-ol (1L, 10.0kg) and acetonitrile (64.0L) in that order. The resulting mixture was heated to about 65 ℃ and phosphorus oxychloride (POCl) was added₃50.0 kg). After adding POCl₃Thereafter, the temperature of the reaction mixture was increased to about 80 ℃. In the rest<2% starting material (in-process) high performance liquid chromatography [ HPLC []Analysis) the reaction was considered complete (about 9.0 hours). The reaction mixture was cooled to about 10 ℃ and then in dichloromethane (DCM, 238.0kg), 30% NH₄OH (135.0kg) and ice (440.0kg) in a cooled solution. The resulting mixture was warmed to about 14 ℃ and the phases were allowed to separate. The organic phase was washed with water (40.0kg) and concentrated by vacuum distillation while removing the solvent (about 190.0 kg). Methyl-tert-butyl ether (MTBE, 50.0kg) was added to the batch and the mixture was cooled to about 10 ℃ during which time the product crystallized out. The solid was recovered by centrifugation, washed with n-heptane (20.0kg) and dried at about 40 ℃ to give the title compound (8.0 kg).

1.2 preparation of 6, 7-dimethyl-4- (4-nitro-phenoxy) -quinoline

To the reactor were added 4-chloro-6, 7-dimethoxy-quinoline (8.0kg), 4-nitrophenol (7.0kg), 4-dimethylaminopyridine (0.9kg) and 2, 6-lutidine (40.0kg) in that order. The reactor contents were heated to about 147 ℃. Upon completion of the reaction (residual starting material < 5% as determined by in-process HPLC analysis, about 20 hours), the reactor contents were cooled to about 25 ℃. Methanol (26.0kg) was added followed by potassium carbonate (3.0kg) dissolved in water (50.0 kg). The reactor contents were stirred for about 2 hours. The resulting solid precipitate was filtered, washed with water (67.0kg), and dried at 25 ℃ for about 12 hours to give the title compound (4.0 kg).

1.3 preparation of 4- (6, 7-dimethoxy-quinolin-4-yloxy) -phenylamine

A solution containing potassium formate (5.0kg), formic acid (3.0kg) and water (16.0kg) was added to a mixture of 6, 7-dimethoxy-4- (4-nitro-phenoxy) -quinoline (4.0kg), 10% palladium on carbon (50% water wet, 0.4kg) in tetrahydrofuran (40.0kg), which had been heated to about 60 ℃. The addition was carried out such that the temperature of the reaction mixture was maintained at about 60 ℃. When the reaction was deemed complete as determined by in-process HPLC analysis (< 2% starting material remaining, typically 1.5 hours), the reactor contents were filtered. The filtrate was concentrated by vacuum distillation at about 35 ℃ to half of its original volume, which gave a product precipitate. The product was recovered by filtration, washed with water (12.0kg) and dried under vacuum at about 50 ℃ to give the title compound (3.0 kg; 97% AUC).

1.4 preparation of 1- (4-fluoro-phenylcarbamoyl) -cyclopropanecarboxylic acid

Triethylamine (8.0kg) was added to a cooled (about 4 ℃ C.) solution of commercially available cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxylic acid (21, 10.0kg) in THF (63.0kg) at a rate such that the batch temperature did not exceed 10 ℃. The solution was stirred for about 30 minutes, then thionyl chloride (9.0kg) was added, keeping the batch temperature below 10 ℃. At the completion of the addition, a solution of 4-fluoroaniline (9.0kg) in THF (25.0kg) was added at a rate such that the batch temperature did not exceed 10 ℃. The mixture was stirred for about 4 hours and then diluted with isopropyl acetate (87.0 kg). The solution was washed sequentially with aqueous sodium hydroxide (2.0kg, dissolved in 50.0L water), water (40.0L) and aqueous sodium chloride (10.0kg, dissolved in 40.0L water). The organic solution was concentrated by vacuum distillation followed by the addition of heptane, which gave a solid precipitate. The solid was recovered by centrifugation and then dried under vacuum at about 35 ℃ to give the title compound (10.0 kg).

1.5 preparation of 1- (4-fluoro-phenylcarbamoyl) -cyclopropanecarbonyl chloride

Oxalyl chloride (1.0kg) was added to a solution of 1- (4-fluoro-phenylcarbamoyl) -cyclopropanecarboxylic acid (2.0kg) in a mixture of THF (11kg) and N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF; 0.02kg) at a rate such that the batch temperature did not exceed 30 ℃. This solution was used in the next step without further treatment.

1.6 preparation of N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide

The solution containing 1- (4-fluoro-phenylcarbamoyl) -cyclopropanecarbonyl chloride from the previous step was added to a mixture of 4- (6, 7-dimethoxy-quinolin-4-yloxy) -phenylamine (3.0kg) and potassium carbonate (4.0kg) in THF (27.0kg) and water (13.0kg) at a rate such that the batch temperature did not exceed 30 ℃. At the completion of the reaction (typically over 10 minutes), water (74.0kg) was added. The mixture was stirred at 15-30 ℃ for about 10 hours to give a precipitate of the product. The product was recovered by filtration, washed with a preformed solution of THF (11.0kg) and water (24.0kg), and dried under vacuum at about 65 deg.C for about 12 hours to give the title compound (free base, 5.0 kg).¹H NMR(400MHz,d₆-DMSO):δ10.2(s,1H),10.05(s,1H),8.4(s,1H),7.8(m,2H),7.65(m,2H),7.5(s,1H),7.35(s,1H),7.25(m,2H),7.15(m,2H),6.4(s,1H),4.0(d,6H),1.5(s,4H).LC/MS:M+H＝502。

1.7 preparation of N- (4- { [6, 7-bis (methyloxy) quinolin-4-yl ] oxy } phenyl) -N' - (4-fluorophenyl) cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxamide (L) -malate salt (Compound (I))

A solution of (L) -malic acid (2.0kg) in water (2.0kg) was added to a solution of cyclopropane-1, 1-dicarboxylic acid [4- (6, 7-dimethoxy-quinolin-4-yloxy) -phenyl ] amide (4-fluoro-phenyl) -amide free base (15, 5.0kg) in ethanol, maintaining the batch temperature at about 25 ℃. Carbon (0.5kg) and mercaptane silica (0.1kg) were then added and the resulting mixture heated to about 78 ℃ at which time water (6.0kg) was added. The reaction mixture was then filtered, followed by addition of isopropanol (38.0kg) and allowed to cool to about 25 ℃. The product was recovered by filtration, washed with isopropanol (20.0kg) and dried at about 65 ℃ to give compound (I) (5.0 kg).