阅读说明：本技术 7-羟基-2-喹诺酮-二硫代氨基甲酸酯类胆碱酯酶抑制剂 (Cholinesterase inhibitors of 7-hydroxy-2-quinolone-dithiocarbamates ) 是由 付劼 鲍丰祺 顾敏 于 2019-10-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及药物化学领域,具体涉及了一种7-羟基-2-喹诺酮-二硫代氨基甲酸酯类化合物(式I),药效学实验证明,本发明的这类化合物可作为胆碱酯酶抑制剂,临床可用于治疗阿尔茨海默病。<Image he="97" wi="198" file="DEST_PATH_IMAGE001.GIF" imgContent="drawing" imgFormat="GIF" orientation="portrait" inline="no"></Image>R<Sub>1</Sub>表示–H或-CH<Sub>3</Sub>；R<Sub>2</Sub>表示–H或-CH<Sub>3</Sub>；R<Sub>3</Sub>表示以下取基团；<Image he="125" wi="510" file="DEST_PATH_IMAGE002.GIF" imgContent="drawing" imgFormat="GIF" orientation="portrait" inline="no"></Image>等环状仲胺取代基；n=2-6。(The invention relates to the field of medicinal chemistry, in particular to a 7-hydroxy-2-quinolone-dithiocarbamate compound (formula I), and pharmacodynamic experiments prove that the compound can be used as a cholinesterase inhibitor and can be clinically used for treating Alzheimer disease. R 1 represents-H or-CH 3 ；R 2 represents-H or-CH 3 ；R 3 Represents the following substituent groups; cyclic secondary amine substituents; n = 2-6.)

1. A7-hydroxy-2-quinolone-dithiocarbamate compound of the general formula I:

R ₁represents-H or-CH ₃；

R ₂represents-H or-CH ₃；

R ₃Represents the following substituent groups;

cyclic secondary amine substituents;

n = 2-6。

2. the compound of claim 1, wherein preferred compounds are:

3. a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of formula I according to claim 1.

4. Use of a compound of general formula I according to claim 1 for the preparation of a medicament for the treatment of diseases related to cholinesterase inhibitors.

5. The use of claim 4, wherein the disease associated with cholinesterase inhibitors is Alzheimer's disease.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of pharmaceutical chemistry, in particular to 7-hydroxy-2-quinolone-dithiocarbamate compounds which can be used as cholinesterase inhibitors.

Background

Alzheimer's Disease (AD), also called senile dementia, is a neurodegenerative disease with progressive decline of daily living abilities accompanied by various neuropsychiatric symptoms and behavioral disorders, as manifested clinically by progressive deterioration of cognitive and memory functions. At present, China is a country with the most AD morbidity in the world, about 1000 thousands of people account for one fourth of the total number of patients in the world, and the number is increased sharply with the arrival of an aging society. The disease seriously affects the independent living ability of the elderly, requires long-term care and nursing, consumes a great deal of manpower, financial resources and material resources, and has become the fourth killer after cardiovascular diseases, cancers and cerebral apoplexy due to high fatality rate. However, the existing drugs for treating AD are limited and have poor curative effect, so that the development of novel effective AD treatment drugs has important significance for future economic development and social stability in China.

AD was widely studied since its first report in 1906, but unfortunately, its exact pathogenesis has not yet been confirmed, and the treatment of AD at present relies mainly on the proposed "cholinergic hypothesis". This hypothesis indicates that clinical symptoms such as memory loss in AD patients are caused by decreased levels of choline in specific regions of the brain, and inhibition of Cholinesterase (ChE) which hydrolyzes choline effectively increases choline levels to alleviate AD symptoms. Enzymes that hydrolyze choline in the human body are classified into two types, Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and Butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE). Normally, AChE hydrolyzes 80% of the choline in vivo, is the major enzyme hydrolyzing choline and is distributed mostly in the central nervous system, so AChE is more important than BuChE distributed peripherally. There are 5 currently approved by the FDA for marketed anti-AD drugs, 4 of which are AChE inhibitors, Tacrine (Tacrine), galantamine (Galanthamine), Rivastigmine (Rivastigmine) and Donepezil (Donepezil), respectively.

Dithiocarbamates (Dithiocarbamates) are a class of pharmacophores with a wide range of biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antitumor, etc. activities have been reported. Recent studies have shown that dithiocarbamates can exert AChE inhibitory activity by acting on the CAS group of AChE.

In view of the CAS binding effect of dithiocarbamates, and in view of the fact that such structures are not used in multi-target molecular design, the present inventors have combined dithiocarbamates with 7-hydroxy-2-quinolones having a binding activity to PAS to obtain cholinesterase inhibitors.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention discloses 7-hydroxy-2-quinolone-dithiocarbamate compounds, and pharmacodynamic experiments prove that the compounds can be used as cholinesterase inhibitors.

The structural general formula of the 7-hydroxy-2-quinolone-dithiocarbamate compound is represented by a general formula (I):

R ₁represents-H or-CH ₃；

R ₂represents-H or-CH ₃；

R ₃Represents the following substituent groups;

cyclic secondary amine substituents;

n＝2-6。

the most preferred compounds are:

the preparation method of the compound of the general formula I comprises the following steps:

r1, R2, R3, n and cyclic secondary amines are as defined above.

The compounds of the invention can be prepared by the above or similar preparation methods, and corresponding raw materials are selected according to different substituents and different unknown substituents.

The basic process of the reaction: the 7-hydroxy-2-quinolone compound is prepared by directly purchasing a parent nucleus structure with an existing substituent, reacting with dibromoalkane with different chain lengths under the condition of potassium carbonate to obtain an intermediate 2, and reacting the intermediate 2 with carbon disulfide, triethylamine and different cyclic secondary amines to obtain a target compound.

The synthesis of intermediate 2 is preferably: under the catalysis of a proper amount of acid binding agent such as potassium carbonate, and in a non-ionic reagent such as tetrahydrofuran, the compound is obtained by reflux reaction for 12 hours. Filtering to remove insoluble substances such as potassium carbonate and the like after the reaction is finished, evaporating to dryness under reduced pressure to obtain oily substance, adding petroleum ether into the oily substance for crystallization, filtering, and drying the solid to obtain an intermediate 2.

The synthesis of compound I is preferably: adding triethylamine into carbon disulfide and a corresponding cyclic secondary amine compound under the condition of taking N, N-dimethylformamide as a solvent, stirring for 10 minutes, adding the intermediate 2, reacting for 12 hours at room temperature, and performing silica gel column chromatography to obtain a target compound I.

The purity of the 7-hydroxy-2-quinolone-dithiocarbamate compound compounds is measured by HPLC, the content of the compounds is more than or equal to 95 percent, and the compounds are subjected to biological activity screening. The following are some of the pharmacological experiments and data for the compounds of the invention:

acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activities

Experiment ofThe method comprises the following steps: the cholinesterase inhibitory activity of the compounds was determined by the Ellman method. Acetylcholinesterase derived from animal erythrocytes (AChE, e.c.3.1.1.7) and butyrylcholinesterase derived from animal serum (BuChE, e.c.3.1.1.8) were used as enzyme sources for activity testing, and Donepezil (Donepezil) and Tacrine (Tacrine) were used as positive controls. The compounds tested were dissolved in DMSO, buffered (50mM Tris-HCl, pH 8.0,0.1M NaCl,0.02M MgCl) ₂·6H ₂O) are sequentially diluted to the required concentration, and the DMSO content is controlled to be below 1 percent. In a 96 well plate, 160. mu.L of 5, 5' -dithiobis (2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB) at a concentration of 1.5mM, 50. mu.L of acetylcholinesterase (prepared with 50mM Tris-HCl, pH 8.0 buffer plus 0.1% w/v BSA) at an activity of 0.22U/mL and 10. mu.L of test compound at different concentrations were added in sequence. After the addition, the mixture was incubated at room temperature for 5min, then 30. mu.L of the substrate, acetylcholine iodide, was rapidly added, and the change in absorbance at 405nm was measured over 3min, and the inhibition (%) of the compound at different concentrations was calculated from the absorbance according to the following formula: inhibition (%) ([ 1- (change in absorbance in experimental group/change in absorbance in blank group)]X 100%. The experiment was repeated three times and the mean value was taken, and the half Inhibitory Concentration (IC) of the compound against acetylcholinesterase was calculated using GraphPad software ₅₀)。

TABLE I inhibitory Activity and Selectivity index of the inventive Compounds Acetylcholinesterase and Butyrylcholinesterase

^aThe 50％ inhibitory concentration of AChE or percent inhibition withinhibitor at 10 μM(means±SD of three experiments)IC ₅₀Value or inhibition rate at 10. mu.M (mean. + -. SD, n ═ 3)

^bThe 50％ inhibitory concentration of BuChE or percent inhibition withinhibitor at 10 μM(means±SD of three experiments)IC ₅₀Value orInhibition rate at 10. mu.M (mean. + -. SD, n ═ 3)

As shown in Table 1, most of the compounds in the invention show obvious acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity, wherein the inhibitory activity of I-c, d, e, f, g and h is similar to that of a positive control drug tacrine, and is superior to that of a control drug galanthamine, so that the compounds in the invention are acetylcholinesterase inhibitors with good activity, and simultaneously show selective inhibitory activity on acetylcholinesterase.

Blood brain barrier permeability of compounds

Blood-brain barrier permeability is a prerequisite for central system drug administration. In order to test whether the current compound can permeate blood brain barrier, the invention adopts PAMPA-BBB in vitro rapid parallel artificial membrane method to measure the permeability of the compound. By comparison of P for known drugs according to the method reported by Ding Li et al _eValues and literature reports P _eValue establishment regression curve (R) ²0.9410), the regression equation is obtained through the established regression curve (fig. 1): p _e(exp.)＝0.9082P _e(bibl.) -0.3034 and substituting the conditions in the literature into the regression equation to determine when compound P is present in the assay _eWhen the value is more than 3.33, the compound can well permeate blood brain barrier (CNS +); when the compound P is _eA value of less than 1.51 for compounds that are not able to cross the blood brain barrier (CNS-); when P is present _eWith values in between, the blood-brain barrier permeability of the compound was not determinable (CNS ±). As shown in Table 3, compounds showed good blood-brain barrier penetration, except that compounds I-I and I-j did not confirm blood-brain barrier penetration.

TABLE 2 blood brain Barrier Transmission Rate (P) of control drugs _e×10 ^-6)

Control drug	Literature reference values a	Experimental values b
			Testosterone	17	14.2±3.6
Estradiol	12	10.2±2.5
			Progesterone	9.3	10.4±1.9
Chlorpromazine hydrochloride	6.5	7.3±2.3
			Corticosteroid ketones	5.1	2.4±0.8
Hydrocortisone	1.9	0.46±0.12
			Caffeine	1.3	1.2±0.2
Atenolol	1.02	0.19±0.23
			Theophylline	0.1	0.16±0.07

^aThe data are from the literature.

^bThe mean values are obtained from three independent experiments and are expressed as mean. + -. SD using PBS/EtOH (70:30) solvent.

Blood brain Barrier Transmission (P) for Compounds of Table 3 _e×10 ^-6)

Compound (I)	P eValue of	Compound (I)	P eValue of
				I-a	8.57±1.23	I-i	2.83±0.65
I-b	8.78±1.11	I-j	3.25±0.82
				I-c	8.91±2.03	I-k	7.14±1.97
I-d	8.82±1.34	I-l	4.54±0.84
				I-e	9.85±0.98	I-m	6.42±1.02
I-f	8.67±1.76	I-n	7.35±1.05
				I-g	8.79±2.10	I-o	10.00±2.63
I-h	6.30±0.86	/	/

Human acetylcholinesterase inhibitory Activity of Compounds

In order to further evaluate the acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of the compound, the invention carries out the research on the inhibitory activity of human acetylcholinesterase (hAChE) on the compound which has better activity and can pass through the blood brain barrier.

TABLE 4 results of human acetylcholinesterase inhibitory Activity

Compound (I)	hAChE(IC 50μM)
		I-c	0.16±0.02
I-d	0.57±0.01
		I-e	0.38±0.02
I-f	0.39±0.01
		I-g	0.76±0.10
I-h	1.21±0.33
		Donepezil	0.022±0.014
Tacrine	0.47±0.03

As shown in Table 4, most of the compounds showing acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity on animal sources also show inhibitory activity on human enzymes, and the activity of part of the compounds on the human enzymes is superior to that of the animal sources, wherein the inhibitory activity of the compounds I-c, I-e and I-f is superior to that of a control drug tacrine, which indicates that the compounds can act on the human acetylcholinesterase well.

The experiments show that the derivatives show good selective acetylcholinesterase inhibition activity in vitro experiments, and provide lead compounds for AD treatment medicines.

The invention also discloses a pharmaceutical composition which contains the compound shown in the general formula I and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. Can be prepared into various preparations by adding pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, and is clinically used externally, orally taken or injected, etc.

The clinical dosage of the compound of the invention is 0.01 mg-1000 mg/day, and the dosage can deviate from the range according to the severity of the disease condition or different dosage forms.

Drawings

FIG. 1: indicating actual measurement of P for control drug _eValue sum document P _eLinear regression of the values.

Detailed Description