阅读说明：本技术 一种双孢菇冷藏保鲜方法 (Agaricus bisporus cold storage and preservation method ) 是由 辛良群 林福元 于 2021-07-31 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种双孢菇冷藏保鲜方法,所述双孢菇冷藏保鲜方法是将双孢菇进行冷藏预处理、臭氧处理、浸泡生态型复合保鲜剂、填充冷藏气体、调节冷藏温度等融于一体的保鲜技术,所述双孢菇采摘后先放入0-5℃冷藏库中进行预冷0-24小时,将预冷后的双孢菇用3.0-7.0 mg/m～(3)的臭氧处理0-20 min,用生态型复合保鲜剂浸泡1-10min,沥干后装袋,再利用气调包装机向袋内充入体积比为1-10:1的O-(2)+N-(2)气体,调节气压至0.0-0.3个大气压,密封包装后放入冷柜,在0-3℃保存。该法所用材料对人体健康没有副作用,且能够有效提高食用菌的保鲜效果。(The invention provides an agaricus bisporus cold preservation and fresh keeping method, which is a fresh keeping technology integrating cold preservation pretreatment, ozone treatment, soaking of an ecological composite fresh-keeping agent, filling of cold preservation gas, adjustment of cold preservation temperature and the like of agaricus bisporus, wherein the agaricus bisporus after being picked is firstly placed in a cold storage at 0-5 ℃ for pre-cooling for 0-24 hours, and the pre-cooled agaricus bisporus is used for 3.0-7.0 mg/m 3 Soaking in ecological compound antistaling agent for 1-10min, draining, bagging, and filling O with volume ratio of 1-10:1 into the bag by modified atmosphere packaging machine 2 +N 2 Regulating gas pressure to 0.0-0.3 atm, sealing, packaging, and storing in refrigerator at 0-3 deg.C. Materials used in the methodThe edible fungus preservative has no side effect on human health, and can effectively improve the preservation effect of the edible fungus.)

1. A cold storage and fresh keeping method for agaricus bisporus is characterized in that: the agaricus bisporus cold storage and preservation method is a preservation technology which integrates cold storage pretreatment, ozone treatment, soaking of an ecological composite preservative, filling of cold storage gas, adjustment of cold storage temperature and the like of agaricus bisporus.

2. The agaricus bisporus cold preservation method according to claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the following steps: placing the picked agaricus bisporus into a refrigerator for precooling for 0-24 hours, wherein the precooling temperature is 0-5 ℃; pre-cooled agaricus bisporus is used for 3.0-7.0 mg/m³Carrying out ozone treatment for 0-20 min; soaking the agaricus bisporus subjected to ozone treatment in an ecological compound preservative for 1-10min, draining and bagging; filling O with volume ratio of 1-10:1 into the bag by using modified atmosphere packaging machine₂+ N₂Regulating gas pressure to 0.0-0.3 atm, sealing, packaging, and storing in refrigerator at 0-3 deg.C.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of edible mushroom preservation, in particular to a cold storage preservation method for agaricus bisporus.

Background

The edible fungi not only have rich nutrition, but also have delicious taste, and are now a new favorite on dining tables of people. But different from common agricultural products such as fruits and vegetables, the edible fungi are respiration transition fruits, still keep the activity of organisms for a period of time after being harvested, and carry out respiration and enzyme biochemical reaction. If the harvested edible fungus sporocarp is lack of effective tissue protection, the edible fungus sporocarp is extremely easy to be infected by mechanical damage and spoilage microorganisms in the storage and transportation process, so that the tissue browning and the flavor are deteriorated, the nutritional value and the commodity value are obviously reduced, and the edible value can be seriously and completely lost. The data show that the edible fungi have only 1-3d shelf life at room temperature, so that the circulation of fresh edible fungi is severely restricted; refrigerating at 0-5 deg.C for only 3-5 days. The problem of preservation after picking edible fungi has become one of the main factors restricting the further rapid development of the edible fungi planting industry. Therefore, it is very important to research the preservation technology of edible fungi after picking and to prolong the shelf life of the edible fungi. At present, a great deal of research on the edible fungus preservative is carried out at home and abroad, and some progress is made.

The agaricus bisporus, also called white mushroom, mushroom or agaricus bisporus, is a mushroom cultivated and consumed worldwide and is called 'world mushroom'. Agaricus bisporus is rich in proteins and many bioactive substances, including polysaccharides, amino acids, polyphenols, dietary fibers, ergosterol, vitamins and minerals, and is called "vegetable meat" because it is more nutritious than ordinary vegetables. The collected fresh agaricus bisporus has high water content, can continue to perform physiological actions such as respiration and the like, has enhanced metabolism, and particularly, the water in the agaricus bisporus stored at normal temperature is easy to lose, so that the agaricus bisporus sporophore is softened, wrinkled, browned and loses inherent delicate flavor.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a cold storage and fresh keeping method for agaricus bisporus.

The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the invention provides an agaricus bisporus cold storage and preservation method, which is a preservation technology integrating cold storage pretreatment, ozone treatment, soaking of an ecological composite preservative, filling of cold storage gas, adjustment of cold storage temperature and the like of agaricus bisporus, and comprises the following steps:

placing the picked agaricus bisporus into a refrigerator for precooling for 0-24 hours, wherein the precooling temperature is 0-5 ℃;

pre-cooled agaricus bisporus is used for 3.0-7.0 mg/m³Carrying out ozone treatment for 0-20 min;

soaking the agaricus bisporus treated by ozone in an ecological compound preservative for 1-10min, draining and bagging; filling O with volume ratio of 1-10:1 into the bag by using modified atmosphere packaging machine₂+ N₂Gas, adjusting the gas pressure to 0.0-0.3 atmSealing, packaging, and storing in refrigerator at 0-3 deg.C.

Preferably, the picked agaricus bisporus is placed in a refrigerator with the temperature of 0-3 ℃ for precooling for 10-20 hours, and the agaricus bisporus subjected to precooling treatment is used for 4.0-5.0 mg/m³Carrying out ozone treatment for 0-20 min; soaking the agaricus bisporus subjected to ozone treatment in an ecological composite preservative for 1-5min, draining and bagging; filling O with volume ratio of 3-6:1 into the bag by using modified atmosphere packaging machine₂+ N₂Regulating gas pressure to 0.01-0.2 atm, sealing, packaging, and storing in refrigerator at 3 deg.C.

The ecological compound preservative is prepared by mixing ginkgo leaf extract, shaddock peel extract, lemon peel extract and the like according to a specific ratio and preparing the mixture according to the following steps:

(1) washing the collected folium Ginkgo, pericarpium Citri Grandis and lemon peel with tap water to remove surface silt, washing with distilled water, draining, oven drying at 60 deg.C in oven, pulverizing, and sieving with 100 mesh sieve;

(2) weighing 25g of crushed ginkgo leaf, 25g of shaddock peel and 25g of lemon peel respectively in a 1000mL beaker, adding 500mL of distilled water, heating for 30min with boiling water, extracting for 25 min with an ultrasonic extractor, filtering, collecting filtrate, sealing, and storing at 4 ℃;

(3) weighing a certain amount of citric acid and vitamin C to prepare a solution with the mass percentage concentration of 0.4 percent of citric acid and 2.0 percent of vitamin C;

(4) weighing 10.0 chitosan powder, adding into 1000mL of 1.5% (V/V) food-grade acetic acid aqueous solution, heating and dissolving in a water bath kettle at 90 deg.C, and performing ultrasonic extraction for 30min to obtain 1.0% chitosan acetic acid solution;

(5) mixing the ginkgo leaf extract, the shaddock peel extract and the lemon peel extract prepared in the earlier stage according to the mass ratio of 1:1:1, adding 5.0mL of 1.5g/L ascorbic acid solution, adding a proper amount of citric acid vitamin C solution containing 0.4% of citric acid and 2.0% of vitamin C, and extracting for 30min by using an ultrasonic extractor;

(6) adding 1.0 wt% chitosan acetic acid solution, heating and stirring in 50 deg.C water bath for 30min, and adding water to scale after heating; and cooling to room temperature, extracting for 20min by using an ultrasonic cleaning extractant, and removing bubbles on the surface of the solution to obtain the ecological composite preservative.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the agaricus bisporus cold storage and preservation method provided by the invention can effectively prolong the preservation time of agaricus bisporus, and has no side effect on human health.

Detailed Description

The present invention is described in detail below by way of examples, it should be noted that the following examples are only for illustrating the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make some insubstantial modifications and adaptations of the present invention based on the above-mentioned disclosure.

Example 1

The invention provides an agaricus bisporus cold storage and preservation method, which is a preservation technology integrating cold storage pretreatment, ozone treatment, soaking of an ecological composite preservative, filling of cold storage gas, adjustment of cold storage temperature and the like of agaricus bisporus, and the agaricus bisporus cold storage and preservation method is carried out according to the following steps:

placing the picked agaricus bisporus into a refrigerator for precooling for 15 hours, wherein the precooling temperature is 3 ℃;

4.0 mg/m of precooled agaricus bisporus³Performing ozone treatment for 10 min;

soaking the agaricus bisporus subjected to ozone treatment for 3min by using an ecological composite preservative, draining and bagging; filling O with the volume ratio of 4:1 into the bag by using an air-conditioning packaging machine₂+ N₂Regulating gas pressure to 0.1 atm, sealing, packaging, and storing in refrigerator at 0-3 deg.C.

Tests show that the agaricus bisporus can be directly stored in a refrigerator at 3 ℃ for 3-4 days. On the 5 th day, the appearance color of the agaricus bisporus is obviously changed and becomes light brown, and a layer of mucus is on the surface of the agaricus bisporus; the control sample became darker and more colored and began to decay as the refrigeration time was extended. When the agaricus bisporus preserved according to the method is stored for 26 days, the water content of the agaricus bisporus is 65-70 percent, the reducing sugar content is 1.6-1.9 mg/g, the soluble protein content is 7.6-8.5 mg/g, the vitamin C content is 0.45-0.58mg/g, the hardness is 0.75-0.82MPa, the weight loss rate is 0.9-1.9 percent, the respiratory strength is 220mg/kg.h, and the Peroxidase (POD) is 0.11-0.17U/mg.min. It can be eaten at 26 days. And then, the color of the sample treated by the compound preservative becomes darker gradually as the preservation time is prolonged. The color is darker when the preservation time is 28 days, and the peculiar smell is emitted, so that the food cannot be eaten.

Example 2

The invention provides an agaricus bisporus cold storage and preservation method, which is a preservation technology integrating cold storage pretreatment, ozone treatment, soaking of an ecological composite preservative, filling of cold storage gas, adjustment of cold storage temperature and the like of agaricus bisporus, and the agaricus bisporus cold storage and preservation method is carried out according to the following steps:

placing the picked agaricus bisporus into a refrigerator for precooling for 15 hours, wherein the precooling temperature is 3 ℃;

4.0 mg/m of precooled agaricus bisporus³Performing ozone treatment for 10 min;

soaking the agaricus bisporus subjected to ozone treatment for 3min by using an ecological composite preservative, draining and bagging; filling O with the volume ratio of 2:1 into the bag by using an air-conditioning packaging machine₂+ N₂Regulating gas pressure to 0.1 atm, sealing, packaging, and storing in refrigerator at 0-3 deg.C.

Tests show that the agaricus bisporus can be directly stored in a refrigerator at 3 ℃ for 3-4 days. On the 5 th day, the appearance color of the agaricus bisporus is obviously changed and becomes light brown, and a layer of mucus is on the surface of the agaricus bisporus; the control sample became darker and more colored and began to decay as the refrigeration time was extended. When the agaricus bisporus preserved according to the method is stored for 24 days, the water content of the agaricus bisporus is 66-71 percent, the reducing sugar content is 2.0-2.7 mg/g, the soluble protein content is 8.0-8.9 mg/g, the vitamin C content is 0.41-0.51mg/g, the hardness is 0.81-0.86MPa, the weight loss rate is 0.9-1.3 percent, the respiratory strength is 221 mg/kg.h, and the Peroxidase (POD) is 0.11-0.15U/mg.min. After that, as the preservation time is prolonged, the color of the sample treated by the compound preservative becomes darker gradually, the color is darker when the preservation time is 26 days, and peculiar smell is emitted, so that the sample cannot be eaten.