阅读说明：本技术 一种铝电解电容器的制备方法 (Preparation method of aluminum electrolytic capacitor ) 是由 徐�明 徐嘉诚 夏恩培 徐娟 于 2019-10-19 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明所提供一种铝电解电容器的制备方法,它包括有以嵌入型化合物LiMn_2O_4或LiCoO_2与活性炭的混合物为正极材料,正极材料制备成正极片,将正极片放入KMnO4溶液内,得到复合正极片；用氨络合沉积法合成纳米级的氢氧化镍,将其烧结得到纳米级的氧化镍,采用氧化镍制备成负极片；在负极片表面涂覆负极浆料,形成复合负极片；再用氧化铝膜制备隔膜；将隔膜、正极片、隔膜、负极片依次层叠,再卷绕形成电容芯。本方案巡查的工艺简单,容易制造和造作,安全性和稳定性好,可实现工业化生产。(The invention provides a preparation method of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor, which comprises the steps of taking an embedded compound LiMn _2O _4 or a mixture of LiCoO _2 and activated carbon as a positive electrode material, preparing the positive electrode material into a positive electrode sheet, and putting the positive electrode sheet into a KMnO4 solution to obtain a composite positive electrode sheet; synthesizing nano-grade nickel hydroxide by an ammonia complexing deposition method, sintering the nano-grade nickel hydroxide to obtain nano-grade nickel oxide, and preparing a negative plate by adopting the nickel oxide; coating negative electrode slurry on the surface of the negative electrode plate to form a composite negative electrode plate; preparing a diaphragm by using an aluminum oxide film; and sequentially laminating the diaphragm, the positive plate, the diaphragm and the negative plate, and then winding to form the capacitor core. The scheme has simple inspection process, easy manufacture and fabrication, good safety and stability and can realize industrial production.)

1. A method for preparing an aluminum electrolytic capacitor is characterized by comprising the following steps: it comprises the following steps:

1) and manufacturing the positive plate: taking a mixture of an embedded compound LiMn _2O _4 or LiCoO _2 and activated carbon as a positive electrode material, preparing the positive electrode material into a positive plate, and putting the positive plate into a KMnO4 solution to obtain a composite positive plate;

2) and manufacturing a negative plate: synthesizing nano-grade nickel hydroxide by an ammonia complexing deposition method, sintering the nano-grade nickel hydroxide to obtain nano-grade nickel oxide, and preparing a negative plate by adopting the nickel oxide; coating negative electrode slurry on the surface of the negative electrode plate to form a composite negative electrode plate;

3) and manufacturing a diaphragm: preparing a porous alumina membrane in a mixed solution of 0.5M sulfuric acid and 5gL oxalic acid by two-step anodic oxidation, performing 5wt% phosphoric acid reaming treatment to obtain an oxide membrane with uniform pore size, ordered arrangement and certain thickness, and preparing a diaphragm by taking the oxide membrane as a template;

4) sequentially laminating the diaphragm, the positive plate, the diaphragm and the negative plate, winding to form a capacitor core, flatly welding a positive electrode lug and a negative electrode lug with the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate respectively, packaging the capacitor core, the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate into a capacitor by using an aluminum plastic film, injecting 5 ~ 10g/Ah into the capacitor, infiltrating after packaging, vacuumizing the capacitor core, baking 12 ~ 36h of electrolyte at the temperature of 50 ~ 100 ℃ to gelatinize, and forming to obtain the capacitor.

2. The method for manufacturing an aluminum electrolytic capacitor according to claim 1, wherein: and (3) putting the positive plate into a mixed solution of KMnO4 with the content of 0.1mol/L and HNO3 with the content of 0.1mol/L, reacting at constant temperature to coat an MnO2 layer on the surface of the positive plate to obtain an MnO2/CMSs composite material, and washing the MnO2/CMSs composite material by using H2C2O4 to obtain the composite positive plate.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of capacitors, in particular to a preparation method of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor.

Background

With the continuous progress of science and technology, the human material culture is gradually improved, and the demand of people on scientific and technological products is also gradually improved. The development of the new generation of information technology industry is directly dependent on the technical progress and product update of the capacitor industry, wherein the capacitor industry creates an unprecedented huge market for the development of the new generation of information technology industry.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a preparation method of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor with high safety and good performance.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: a preparation method of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor comprises the following steps:

1) and manufacturing the positive plate: taking a mixture of an embedded compound LiMn _2O _4 or LiCoO _2 and activated carbon as a positive electrode material, preparing the positive electrode material into a positive plate, and putting the positive plate into a KMnO4 solution to obtain a composite positive plate;

2) and manufacturing a negative plate: synthesizing nano-grade nickel hydroxide by an ammonia complexing deposition method, sintering the nano-grade nickel hydroxide to obtain nano-grade nickel oxide, and preparing a negative plate by adopting the nickel oxide; coating negative electrode slurry on the surface of the negative electrode plate to form a composite negative electrode plate;

3) and manufacturing a diaphragm: preparing a porous alumina membrane in a mixed solution of 0.5M sulfuric acid and 5gL oxalic acid by two-step anodic oxidation, performing 5wt% phosphoric acid reaming treatment to obtain an oxide membrane with uniform pore size, ordered arrangement and certain thickness, and preparing a diaphragm by taking the oxide membrane as a template;

4) sequentially laminating the diaphragm, the positive plate, the diaphragm and the negative plate, winding to form a capacitor core, flatly welding a positive electrode lug and a negative electrode lug with the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate respectively, packaging the capacitor core, the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate into a capacitor by using an aluminum plastic film, injecting 5 ~ 10g/Ah into the capacitor, infiltrating after packaging, vacuumizing the capacitor core, baking 12 ~ 36h of electrolyte at the temperature of 50 ~ 100 ℃ to gelatinize, and forming to obtain the capacitor.

And the step 1) is to put the positive plate into a mixed solution of KMnO4 with the content of 0.1mol/L and HNO3 with the content of 0.1mol/L, perform constant temperature reaction to coat a MnO2 layer on the surface of the positive plate to obtain a MnO2/CMSs composite material, and wash the MnO2/CMSs composite material by H2C2O4 to obtain the composite positive plate.

After the scheme is adopted, the positive plate prepared by mixing LiMn _2O _4 or LiCoO _2 with activated carbon can increase the loading capacity of positive active substances, so that the mass ratio of the positive active substances to the negative active substances is about 2: 1, thereby enabling the capacitor performance to reach the best; the nickel oxide negative plate shows good capacitance property in KOH solution, the specific capacity of the nickel oxide negative plate can reach 110F/g, and the nickel oxide negative plate can be maintained for more than 90% after 5000 cycles; the electric capacity performance after this scheme of adoption is excellent, the security is high.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further described below, and the preferred embodiments of the present invention are: the preparation method of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor comprises the following steps:

1) and manufacturing the positive plate: taking a mixture of an embedded compound LiMn _2O _4 or LiCoO _2 and activated carbon as a positive electrode material, preparing the positive electrode material into a positive plate, and putting the positive plate into a KMnO4 solution to obtain a composite positive plate; putting the positive plate into a mixed solution of KMnO4 with the content of 0.1mol/L and HNO3 with the content of 0.1mol/L, reacting at constant temperature to coat a MnO2 layer on the surface of the positive plate to obtain a MnO2/CMSs composite material, and washing the MnO2/CMSs composite material by H2C2O4 to obtain a composite positive plate;

the activated carbon electrode can show better capacitance property in a KOH solution; the specific capacity of the electrode is obviously improved along with the increase of the concentration of the KOH solution, the performance of the electrode is optimal within the potential range of-1.0 to 0.0V (vs SCE) in 30 percent of the KOH solution, and the specific capacity reaches 200F/g. The positive plate prepared by mixing LiMn _2O _4 or LiCoO _2 with activated carbon can increase the loading capacity of positive active substances, so that the mass ratio of the positive active substances to the negative active substances is about 2: 1, thereby enabling the capacitor performance to reach the best;

as the specific capacitance increases with the increase of the amount of activated carbon, the specific capacitance of the capacitor is larger when the content of the intercalation compound is 25%, and the highest specific capacitance of the capacitor composed of the LiCoO _2 and activated carbon mixed material is 40.53F/g, the specific capacitance of LiMn _2O _4 and activated carbon mixed material is relatively smaller;

2) and manufacturing a negative plate: synthesizing nano-grade nickel hydroxide by an ammonia complexing deposition method, sintering the nano-grade nickel hydroxide to obtain nano-grade nickel oxide, and preparing a negative plate by adopting the nickel oxide; coating negative electrode slurry on the surface of the negative electrode plate to form a composite negative electrode plate;

the composite negative plate is prepared by mixing a negative active substance, a conductive agent and a binder into a slurry in a negative pulping solvent, coating the slurry on a negative current collector at a coating speed of 10 ~ 20m/min, drying at 80 ~ 150 ℃ and rolling to form the negative plate with the thickness of 100 ~ 200 mu, wherein the compacted density of the negative plate is 1.0 ~ 2.0.0 g/cm3, the negative active substance is active metal such as zinc, cadmium, lead and the like and hydrogen or hydrocarbon, the conductive agent is conductive carbon black, graphite conductive agent or graphene, the binder is polyvinyl alcohol, polytetrafluoroethylene or polyurethane, and the nickel oxide negative plate shows good capacitance property in a KOH solution, has a specific capacity of 110F/g and is kept for more than 90% after 5000 cycles;

3) and manufacturing a diaphragm: preparing a porous alumina membrane in a mixed solution of 0.5M sulfuric acid and 5gL oxalic acid by two-step anodic oxidation, performing 5wt% phosphoric acid reaming treatment to obtain an oxide membrane with uniform pore size, ordered arrangement and certain thickness, and preparing a diaphragm by taking the oxide membrane as a template;

in this embodiment, a porous alumina membrane is prepared in a mixed solution of 0.5M sulfuric acid and 5gL oxalic acid by two-step anodic oxidation, an anodic alumina template (AAO) with uniform pore size, ordered arrangement and a certain thickness is obtained by 5wt% phosphoric acid pore-enlarging treatment, and MnO2 nanowires are synthesized in micropores of the anodic alumina template by using the alumina membrane as a template and using a sol or gel method. The shapes of the template and the nanowire material are characterized by utilizing a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and the diameter of the alumina template micropore is 75 +/-2 nm, the diameter of the MnO2 nanowire is about 70nm, and the length of the MnO2 nanowire is 500-700 nm. The nano-wire is alpha MnO2 which can be detected by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) shows that the alpha MnO2 nanowire has excellent capacitance behavior in a 2.0mol L (NH4)2SO4 solution, and the specific capacitance reaches 165 Fg;

4) sequentially laminating the diaphragm, the positive plate, the diaphragm and the negative plate, winding to form a capacitor core, flatly welding a positive electrode lug and a negative electrode lug with the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate respectively, packaging the capacitor core, the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate into a capacitor by using an aluminum plastic film, injecting 5 ~ 10g/Ah into the capacitor, infiltrating after packaging, vacuumizing the capacitor core, baking 12 ~ 36h of electrolyte at the temperature of 50 ~ 100 ℃ to gelatinize, and forming to obtain the capacitor.

The capacitor prepared according to the scheme has excellent safety and reliability and is not easy to burn. Due to the adoption, no liquid exists in the capacitor, so that the short circuit and the fire of the battery core are difficult to cause. Simple process, easy manufacture and fabrication, good safety and stability, and can realize industrialized production.

The above-mentioned embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, so that variations made according to the principle of the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.