阅读说明：本技术 无刷直流电机三段转速指示装置及指示方法 (Three-stage rotating speed indicating device and method for brushless direct current motor ) 是由 梁裕 魏海峰 王浩陈 张懿 刘维亭 于 2019-10-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种无刷直流电机三段转速指示装置及指示方法,包括驱动模块、无刷直流电机的三相定子绕组、控制器,驱动模块与无刷直流电机的三相定子绕组连接；控制器的6个IO接口P1-P6分别和驱动模块的6个栅极输入相连；控制器的6个IO接口P7-P12在PWM无效时间内发送脉冲,用于电机相对于初始位置振动发音。指示方法包括：在通过PWM控制电机转速时,利用PWM无效的时间,通过控制器的IO接口P7-P12提供给MOS管脉冲,使电机振动发音；在低速、中速、高速状态下,发送脉冲的个数不同,使得电机振动产生声音的音调和发出“嘀”声个数的不同,起到电机三段转速指示的效果。(The invention discloses a three-section rotating speed indicating device and method of a brushless direct current motor, which comprises a driving module, a three-phase stator winding of the brushless direct current motor and a controller, wherein the driving module is connected with the three-phase stator winding of the brushless direct current motor; 6 IO interfaces P1-P6 of the controller are respectively connected with 6 grid inputs of the driving module; the 6 IO interfaces P7-P12 of the controller send pulses during PWM dead time for motor vibration articulation relative to initial position. The indication method comprises the following steps: when the rotating speed of the motor is controlled through PWM, the invalid PWM time is provided for MOS tube pulses through IO interfaces P7-P12 of a controller, so that the motor vibrates and sounds; under the conditions of low speed, medium speed and high speed, the number of the transmitted pulses is different, so that the number of tones for generating sound by the vibration of the motor is different from the number of clicks generated by the vibration of the motor, and the effect of indicating the rotating speed of the motor in three sections is achieved.)

1. The utility model provides a brushless DC motor three-section rotational speed indicating device which characterized in that, is including drive module, brushless DC motor's three-phase stator winding, controller and opto-coupler isolation module, wherein: the driving module is connected with a three-phase stator winding of the brushless direct current motor and is used for driving the motor to rotate and vibrate; the optical coupling isolation module is connected with the controller and is used for preventing the PWM signal and the pulse signal from interfering with each other; an IO interface P1-P6 of the controller is connected with 6 grid inputs of the driving module through the optical coupling isolation module respectively and used for sending PWM to the grids of 6 MOS tubes to enable the motor to normally rotate; IO interfaces P7-P12 of the controller are connected with 6 grid inputs of the driving module through the optical coupling isolation module, and send pulses in PWM (pulse-width modulation) invalid time to change the instantaneous stress condition of a motor rotor for motor vibration and pronunciation.

2. The three-stage rotating speed indicating device of the brushless DC motor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the driving module comprises a DC power source VDC, a MOS transistor S1, a MOS transistor S2, a MOS transistor S3, a MOS transistor S4, a MOS transistor S5, a MOS transistor S6; the positive electrode of the direct-current power supply VDC is respectively connected with the drain electrode of the MOS tube S1, the drain electrode of the MOS tube S3 and the drain electrode of the MOS tube S5; the cathode of the direct current power supply is respectively connected with the source electrode of the MOS tube S4, the source electrode of the MOS tube S6 and the source electrode of the MOS tube S2; the source electrode of the MOS tube S1, the drain electrode of the MOS tube S4 and A in the three-phase stator winding of the brushless direct current motor are connected, and the source electrode of the MOS tube S1 and the drain electrode of the MOS tube S4 are connected; the source electrode of the MOS tube S3, the drain electrode of the MOS tube S6 and B in the three-phase stator winding of the brushless direct current motor are connected, and the source electrode of the MOS tube S3 is connected with the drain electrode of the MOS tube S6; the source electrode of the MOS tube S5, the drain electrode of the MOS tube S2 and the C in the three-phase stator winding of the brushless direct current motor are connected, and the source electrode of the MOS tube S5 and the drain electrode of the MOS tube S2 are connected.

3. The apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein the controller comprises a port P1, a port P2, a port P3, a port P4, a port P5, a port P6, a port P7, a port P8, a port P9, a port P10, a port P11, a port P12; the grid of the MOS tube S1 is connected with an interface P1 of the controller through the optical coupling isolation module, and the grid of the MOS tube S1 is connected with an interface P7 of the controller through the optical coupling isolation module; the grid of the MOS tube S2 is connected with an interface P2 of the controller through the optical coupling isolation module, and the grid of the MOS tube S2 is connected with an interface P12 of the controller through the optical coupling isolation module; the grid of the MOS tube S3 is connected with an interface P3 of the controller through the optical coupling isolation module, and the grid of the MOS tube S3 is connected with an interface P9 of the controller through the optical coupling isolation module; the grid of the MOS tube S4 is connected with an interface P4 of the controller through the optical coupling isolation module, and the grid of the MOS tube S4 is connected with an interface P8 of the controller through the optical coupling isolation module; the grid of the MOS tube S5 is connected with an interface P5 of the controller through the optical coupling isolation module, and the grid of the MOS tube S5 is connected with an interface P11 of the controller through the optical coupling isolation module; the grid of MOS pipe S6 passes through optical coupling isolation module and is connected with the interface P6 of controller, the grid of MOS pipe S6 passes through optical coupling isolation module and is connected with the interface P10 of controller.

4. A three-stage rotating speed indicating method of a brushless direct current motor, which uses the three-stage rotating speed indicating device of the brushless direct current motor as claimed in claim 3, and is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: determining the PWM period of the brushless DC motor; step two: when the brushless direct current motor works in a low-speed state, determining the effective time of PWM in the state, taking 6 electrical cycles as a group, and sending a pulse in the ineffective time of the 1 st electrical cycle to make the motor vibrate and produce a sound 'tic'; step three: when the brushless DC motor is operated in a medium speed state, determining PWM in the medium speed stateThe method comprises the steps of determining the PWM active time in a high-speed state when the brushless DC motor is operated in the high-speed state, and transmitting a pulse to vibrate the motor to generate two sound tic within the inactive time of the 1 st and 2 nd electrical cycles in the 6 electrical cycles in the group, and vibrating the motor to generate three sound tic within the inactive time of the 1 st, 2 nd and 3 rd electrical cycles in the group of 6 electrical cycles, wherein in the steps of two, three and four, the position of the transmitted pulse is set to be between 20% ~ 80% of the inactive time in the electrical cycles, and the specific formula for calculating the transmitted pulse time t in one electrical cycle is as follows:wherein "α" is the active time of an electrical cycle, "c" is a percentage between 20% ~ 80%, T "is the electrical cycle, and" β "is the PWM duty cycle.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of brushless direct current motors, and particularly relates to a three-section rotating speed indicating device and an indicating method of a brushless direct current motor, which are used for acting on a high section, a middle section and a low section of the brushless direct current motor.

Background

Brushless dc motors have been widely used in recent years, and have the characteristics of simple control, high efficiency, good speed regulation performance, and large output torque. The application and research of the brushless direct current motor are widely regarded in occasions and fields with high requirements on the performance and the control precision of the motor, such as robots, aerospace, precise electronic instruments and equipment, and the like.

At present, for some devices which adopt three-stage rotating speed control like water pumps, fans and the like to operate by direct current motors in the market, the operation state of the brushless direct current motor cannot be judged mostly, and the rotating speed state of the motor cannot be known qualitatively.

In order to solve the problem, the conventional method is to add a sensor on a rotating shaft of a brushless direct current motor to realize speed measurement or paste reflective paper on the rotating shaft and then use a photoelectric speed meter to measure, but the former increases hardware cost, and the latter can bring larger rotating speed measurement errors. And only the brushless direct current motor body is used for vibrating and sounding, so that the state of the rotating speed can be qualitatively determined, and based on the state, the PWM for controlling the motor can be used for sending pulses in the PWM invalid time, changing the tone and the voice frequency of the generated voice, and designing a three-section rotating speed indicating device.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problem that three-stage rotating speed indication of a brushless direct current motor is difficult in the prior art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention discloses a three-stage rotating speed indicating device and an indicating method of a brushless direct current motor, and the specific technical scheme is as follows: the utility model provides a brushless DC motor three-section rotational speed indicating device, includes drive module, brushless DC motor's three-phase stator winding, controller and opto-coupler isolation module, wherein: the driving module is connected with a three-phase stator winding of the brushless direct current motor and is used for driving the motor to rotate and vibrate; the optical coupling isolation module is connected with the controller and is used for preventing the PWM signal and the pulse signal from interfering with each other; an IO interface P1-P6 of the controller is connected with 6 grid inputs of the driving module through the optical coupling isolation module respectively and used for sending PWM to the grids of 6 MOS tubes to enable the motor to normally rotate; an IO interface P7-P12 of the controller is connected with 6 grid inputs of the driving module through the optical coupling isolation module, and sends pulses in PWM (pulse-width modulation) invalid time to change the instantaneous stress condition of a motor rotor for motor vibration and pronunciation.

In a further improvement of the invention, the driving module comprises a direct current power supply VDC, an MOS tube S1, an MOS tube S2, an MOS tube S3, an MOS tube S4, an MOS tube S5 and an MOS tube S6; the positive electrode of the direct-current power supply VDC is respectively connected with the drain electrode of the MOS tube S1, the drain electrode of the MOS tube S3 and the drain electrode of the MOS tube S5; the cathode of the direct current power supply is respectively connected with the source electrode of the MOS tube S4, the source electrode of the MOS tube S6 and the source electrode of the MOS tube S2; the source electrode of the MOS tube S1 and the drain electrode of the MOS tube S4 are connected with A in the three-phase stator winding of the brushless direct current motor, and the source electrode of the MOS tube S1 is connected with the drain electrode of the MOS tube S4; the source electrode of the MOS tube S3 and the drain electrode of the MOS tube S6 are connected with B in the three-phase stator winding of the brushless direct current motor, and the source electrode of the MOS tube S3 is connected with the drain electrode of the MOS tube S6; the source electrode of the MOS tube S5 and the drain electrode of the MOS tube S2 are connected with the C in the three-phase stator winding of the brushless direct current motor, and the source electrode of the MOS tube S5 is connected with the drain electrode of the MOS tube S2.

In a further improvement of the invention, the controller comprises an interface P1, an interface P2, an interface P3, an interface P4, an interface P5, an interface P6, an interface P7, an interface P8, an interface P9, an interface P10, an interface P11 and an interface P12; the grid of the MOS tube S1 is connected with an interface P1 of the controller through the optical coupling isolation module, and the grid of the MOS tube S1 is connected with an interface P7 of the controller through the optical coupling isolation module; the grid of the MOS tube S2 is connected with an interface P2 of the controller through the optical coupling isolation module, and the grid of the MOS tube S2 is connected with an interface P12 of the controller through the optical coupling isolation module; the grid of the MOS tube S3 is connected with an interface P3 of the controller through the optical coupling isolation module, and the grid of the MOS tube S3 is connected with an interface P9 of the controller through the optical coupling isolation module; the grid of the MOS tube S4 is connected with an interface P4 of the controller through the optical coupling isolation module, and the grid of the MOS tube S4 is connected with an interface P8 of the controller through the optical coupling isolation module; the grid of the MOS tube S5 is connected with an interface P5 of the controller through the optical coupling isolation module, and the grid of the MOS tube S5 is connected with an interface P11 of the controller through the optical coupling isolation module; the grid of MOS pipe S6 is connected with interface P6 of controller through optical coupling isolation module, and the grid of MOS pipe S6 is connected with interface P10 of controller through optical coupling isolation module.

The invention also discloses an indicating method of a three-section rotating speed indicating device of a brushless direct current motor, which comprises the following steps of 1, determining PWM (pulse width modulation) periods of the brushless direct current motor, 2, when the brushless direct current motor works in a low-speed state, determining the effective time of PWM in the state, transmitting a pulse in the ineffective time of the 1 st electrical period to vibrate the motor and generate a sound of a tic (pulse), 3, when the brushless direct current motor works in a medium-speed state, determining the effective time of PWM in the state, transmitting a pulse in the ineffective time of the 1 st and 2 nd electrical periods to vibrate the motor and generate two sound of the tic (tick), 4, when the brushless direct current motor works in a high-speed state, determining the effective time of PWM in the state, transmitting a pulse in the 6 electrical periods in the group, transmitting a pulse in the ineffective time of the 1 st, 2 nd and 3 rd electrical periods, each pulse in the ineffective time, transmitting a pulse in the 1 st, 2 nd and 3 rd electrical periods, and transmitting no pulse in the effective time of the pulse in the pulse within a specific effective time of the pulse within a period, wherein the pulse within a specific effective time of the pulse within a period, the specific pulse within a period, the following formula, the following steps, wherein the effective time of the pulse is calculated as a pulse within a period, the following steps, the steps:wherein "α" is the active time of an electrical cycle, "c" is a percentage between 20% ~ 80%, T "is the electrical cycle, and" β "is the PWM duty cycle.

In addition, because the number of the trigger pulses is different at different rotating speeds, the influence of the pulses on the acting force of the brushless direct current motor rotor is different under the condition of the constant magnetic field force of the brushless direct current motor due to the different pulse frequencies, and the pulse frequency is increased along with the increase of the number of the pulses, so that the tone of the sound generated by the motor rotor due to vibration is higher.

The beneficial effect of this hair: 1. under the condition of not using an additional rotating speed detection device, PWM and pulse are sent out only by different IO interfaces of the controller, so that the motor vibrates and pronounces when running normally, and the effect of rotating speed indication is realized by a very simple method; 2. the PWM invalid time is utilized to send pulses with different frequencies, so that the difference of tones and sounds generated by vibration of the motor at high speed, medium speed and low speed is changed, and the function of indicating the rotating speed of the motor is realized.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a rotation speed indicating device of a brushless dc motor according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a flow chart of an indicating method of the rotating speed indicating device of the brushless dc motor according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the pulse generated by the rotating speed indicating device of the brushless DC motor according to the present invention under the condition of low speed.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of pulses emitted by the rotating speed indicating device of the brushless dc motor according to the present invention under a medium speed condition.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the pulse generated by the brushless DC motor speed indicating device of the present invention under high speed condition.

Detailed Description

For the purpose of enhancing the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, which are provided for the purpose of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.