阅读说明：本技术 一种地下结构保护的排桩框架皮囊加压装置 (Row pile frame leather bag pressure device of underground structure protection ) 是由 庞小朝 于 2021-07-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种地下结构保护的排桩框架皮囊加压装置,涉及地下工程近接施工技术领域。包括：两个侧向加压机构设在隧道左右两侧的排桩结构上,每个侧向加压机构包括多个第一加压组件设在每个排桩上,包括：套筒套在排桩上；固定组件设在套筒的周向；第一皮囊设在套筒与固定板之间,第一皮囊上设有第一控压组件；竖向加压机构设在隧道上方,包括多个第二加压组件,包括：第二皮囊设在小竖井底板下方,第二皮囊上设有第二控压组件；多个压力检测元件设在第二皮囊下方；控制器设在地面上与第一控压组件、第二控压组件、压力检测元件电连接。本发明的优点在于实时动态补偿地下设施围岩压力,有效降低近接工程对既有地下设施扰动程度。(The invention discloses a row pile frame leather bag pressurizing device for protecting an underground structure, and relates to the technical field of underground engineering proximity construction. The method comprises the following steps: two side direction pressurization mechanisms are established on the row's of the tunnel left and right sides stake structure, and every side direction pressurization mechanism includes that a plurality of first pressure components establish on every row stake, include: the sleeve is sleeved on the row pile; the fixing component is arranged in the circumferential direction of the sleeve; the first leather bag is arranged between the sleeve and the fixing plate, and a first pressure control assembly is arranged on the first leather bag; vertical pressurization mechanism establishes above the tunnel, including a plurality of second pressurization subassemblies, includes: the second leather bag is arranged below the bottom plate of the small vertical shaft, and a second pressure control assembly is arranged on the second leather bag; the plurality of pressure detection elements are arranged below the second leather bag; the controller is arranged on the ground and is electrically connected with the first pressure control assembly, the second pressure control assembly and the pressure detection element. The invention has the advantages of dynamically compensating the surrounding rock pressure of the underground facilities in real time and effectively reducing the disturbance degree of the proximity engineering to the existing underground facilities.)

1. A piling frame bladder pressurization device for underground structure protection, comprising:

two side direction pressurization mechanisms set up on the row's of the tunnel left and right sides pile structure respectively, every side direction pressurization mechanism includes a plurality of first pressure components, sets up on every row's pile respectively, first pressure components includes: the sleeve (1) is sleeved on the row pile; the fixing assembly (2) is arranged in the circumferential direction of the sleeve (1); the first leather bag (3) is arranged between the sleeve (1) and the fixing plate (2), and a first pressure control assembly is arranged on the first leather bag (3);

vertical pressurization mechanism sets up in the tunnel top, vertical pressurization mechanism includes a plurality of second pressurization subassemblies, sets up respectively in little shaft bottom plate below, second pressurization subassembly includes: the second leather bag (4) is arranged below the bottom plate of the small vertical shaft, and a second pressure control assembly is arranged on the second leather bag (4);

the pressure detection elements (5) are respectively arranged below the second leather bags (4) and are used for measuring the soil pressure stress;

and the controller is arranged on the ground and is electrically connected with the first pressure control assembly, the second pressure control assembly and the pressure detection element (5).

2. A pilar frame bladder pressurisation device for the protection of underground structures according to claim 1 characterised in that the fixing means (2) is an arc plate, the bottom of which is hinged to the sleeve (1) by a hinge mechanism.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first pressure control assembly comprises:

one end of the first water injection pipe is arranged on the first leather bag (3), the other end of the first water injection pipe extends to the ground and is connected with the output end of the first water pump, the input end of the first water pump is connected with the water storage tank and is used for pressurizing, and a first pressure limiting valve is arranged on the first water injection pipe and is used for guaranteeing the safety of water pressure;

one end of the first water injection mud pipe is arranged on the first leather bag (3), the other end of the first water injection mud pipe extends to the ground and is connected with the output end of the first grouting pump, and the input end of the first grouting pump is connected with a mud pool and used for maintaining and pressing.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the second pressure control assembly comprises:

one end of the second water injection pipe (6) is arranged on the second leather bag (4), the other end of the second water injection pipe extends to the ground and is connected with the output end of the second water pump, the input end of the second water pump is connected with the water storage tank and is used for pressurizing, and a second pressure limiting valve is arranged on the second water injection pipe (6) and is used for guaranteeing the safety of water pressure;

and one end of the second water injection mud pipe (7) is arranged on the second leather bag (4), the other end of the second water injection mud pipe extends to the ground and is connected with the output end of a second grouting pump, and the input end of the second grouting pump is connected with a mud pool and used for maintaining and pressing.

5. A piling frame bladder pressurization installation for subterranean structure protection as defined in claim 1, further comprising: the first protection structure is respectively arranged on the first leather bag (3) and the second leather bag (4) and is used for protecting the first leather bag (3) and the second leather bag (4).

6. The pile frame bladder pressurization device for underground structure protection according to claim 5, wherein the first protection structure is a carbon fiber cloth bag (8) which is respectively sleeved on the first bladder (3) and the second bladder (4).

7. The piling framing bladder pressure applying apparatus as claimed in claim 6, wherein the carbon fiber cloth bag (8) of the first bladder (3) has a plurality of nuts on both sides thereof, and the fixing member (2) has corresponding bolts outside thereof.

8. A piling frame bladder pressurization installation for subterranean structure protection as defined in claim 1, further comprising: and the second protection structure is arranged on the second leather bag (4) and used for protecting the second leather bag (4).

9. A piling frame bladder pressurization installation for subterranean structural protection according to claim 8, wherein said second protection structure comprises:

the small vertical shaft bottom plate cushion layer (9) is arranged below the small vertical shaft bottom plate;

and the clay layer (10) is arranged between the second leather bag (4) and the small shaft bottom plate cushion layer (9).

And the bentonite layer (11) is arranged below the second leather bag (4) and is positioned above the pressure detection element (5).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of underground engineering proximity construction, in particular to a row pile frame leather bag pressurizing device for underground structure protection.

Background

The subway tunnel is buried in soil, has poor stability and weak disturbance resistance, and is easily influenced by disturbance caused by excavation and stacking of adjacent projects. In order to increase the self-stability of the tunnel structure, the row piles are usually added on the two sides of the tunnel, and the small vertical shaft steel sheet pile structure is added at the top of the row piles to strengthen the constraint on the surrounding rocks of the tunnel, so that certain protection effect can be achieved on the diseases caused by the tunnel confining pressure change caused by the excavation of the lateral and upper soil bodies of the tunnel. The stratum stress is transmitted into the deep stable stratum through the pile foundation and the frame beam plate structure.

However, during the construction of the proximity engineering, the row piles are only added on two sides of the circular pressed tunnel (hole), the small vertical shaft steel sheet pile structure added on the top of the row piles can not reduce the pressure loss of surrounding rocks of the underground structure, effectively reduce the displacement of the underground structure, and can not flexibly and dynamically control the surrounding pressure of the underground structure according to the peripheral excavation unloading amount, the underground structure is easy to rebound upwards and deform when being excavated above the underground structure, and the side excavation is easy to lead the underground structure to shift towards two sides, so that the deformation of the underground structure is caused.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a row pile frame leather bag pressurizing device for protecting an underground structure, which is used for solving the problems that in the prior art, the upward springback deformation of the underground structure is easily caused by excavation above the underground structure, and the deviation of the underground structure to two sides is easily caused by side excavation.

The invention provides a row pile frame leather bag pressure device for protecting underground structure, comprising:

two side direction pressurization mechanisms set up on the row's of the tunnel left and right sides pile structure respectively, every side direction pressurization mechanism includes a plurality of first pressure components, sets up on every row's pile respectively, first pressure components includes: the sleeve is sleeved on the row piles; the fixing assembly is arranged in the circumferential direction of the sleeve; the first leather bag is arranged between the sleeve and the fixing plate, and a first pressure control assembly is arranged on the first leather bag;

vertical pressurization mechanism sets up in the tunnel top, vertical pressurization mechanism includes a plurality of second pressurization subassemblies, sets up respectively in little shaft bottom plate below, second pressurization subassembly includes: the second leather bag is arranged below the bottom plate of the small vertical shaft, and a second pressure control assembly is arranged on the second leather bag;

the pressure detection elements are respectively arranged below the second leather bags and used for measuring the soil pressure stress;

and the controller is arranged on the ground and is electrically connected with the first pressure control assembly, the second pressure control assembly and the pressure detection element.

Preferably, the fixing component is an arc-shaped plate, and the bottom of the arc-shaped plate is hinged with the sleeve through a hinge mechanism.

Preferably, the first pressure control assembly includes:

one end of the first water injection pipe is arranged on the first leather bag, the other end of the first water injection pipe extends to the ground and is connected with the output end of the first water pump, the input end of the first water pump is connected with the water storage tank and is used for pressurizing, and a first pressure limiting valve is arranged on the first water injection pipe and is used for guaranteeing the safety of water pressure;

one end of the first water injection mud pipe is arranged on the first leather bag, the other end of the first water injection mud pipe extends to the ground and is connected with the output end of the first grouting pump, and the input end of the first grouting pump is connected with the mud pool and used for maintaining and pressing.

Preferably, the second pressure control assembly includes:

one end of the second water injection pipe is arranged on the second leather bag, the other end of the second water injection pipe extends to the ground and is connected with the output end of the second water pump, the input end of the second water pump is connected with the water storage tank and is used for pressurizing, and a second pressure limiting valve is arranged on the second water injection pipe and is used for guaranteeing the safety of water pressure;

and one end of the second water injection mud pipe is arranged on the second leather bag, the other end of the second water injection mud pipe extends to the ground and is connected with the output end of a second grouting pump, and the input end of the second grouting pump is connected with a slurry pool and used for maintaining and pressing.

Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: the first protection structure is respectively arranged on the first leather bag and the second leather bag and used for protecting the first leather bag and the second leather bag.

Preferably, the first protection structure is a carbon fiber cloth bag which is respectively sleeved on the first leather bag and the second leather bag.

Preferably, a plurality of nuts are arranged on two sides of the carbon fiber cloth bag on the first leather bag, and bolts corresponding to the nuts are arranged outside the fixing component.

Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: and the second protection structure is arranged on the second leather bag and used for protecting the second leather bag.

Preferably, the second protection structure comprises:

the small vertical shaft bottom plate cushion layer is arranged below the small vertical shaft bottom plate;

and the clay layer is arranged between the second leather bag and the cushion layer of the bottom plate of the small vertical shaft.

And the bentonite layer is arranged below the second leather bag and is positioned above the pressure detection element.

Compared with the prior art, the invention discloses a row pile frame leather bag pressurizing device for protecting an underground structure, which has the beneficial effects that:

the invention relates to an active protection device for an underground engineering structure, which can generate extrusion pressure on rock soil by injecting water or gas into an underground leather bag during the construction period of a proximity engineering, can generate extrusion force and can permanently and stably apply extrusion and retreat load through grouting, and a ground control end can realize the basic dynamic evaluation of confining pressure of the underground protection structure. During construction, water is injected into the leather bag to flexibly regulate and control pressure, and subsequent re-grouting can ensure permanent pressure balance of the underground protection structure, so that the method is suitable for a new peripheral pressure environment. The lateral pressure and the vertical pressure of the protection structure can be balanced as much as possible, the protection of the circular compressed tunnel is facilitated, and the convergence value of the tunnel caused by disturbance of external engineering can be greatly reduced.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a second bladder;

FIG. 2 is a partial schematic view of a lateral compression arrangement;

FIG. 3 is a top view of a lateral compression structure;

fig. 4 is a partial schematic view of the vertical pressing mechanism.

The various reference numbers in the figures mean: 1-sleeve, 2-fixed subassembly, 3-first leather bag, 4-second leather bag, 5-pressure detection component, 6-second water injection pipe, 7-second water injection mud pipe, 8-carbon fiber sack, 9-little shaft bottom plate bed course, 10-clay layer, 11-bentonite layer.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

An embodiment of the present invention provides a pile frame bladder pressurization device for protecting an underground structure, as shown in fig. 2 to 4, including: lateral pressurizing mechanism, vertical pressurizing mechanism, pressure detecting element, controller. Two side direction pressurization mechanisms set up respectively on the campshed structure of the tunnel left and right sides, every side direction pressurization mechanism includes a plurality of first pressure components, sets up respectively on every campshed, first pressure components includes: sleeve 1, fixed subassembly 2, first leather bag 3. The sleeve 1 is sleeved on the row pile; the fixed assembly 2 is arranged in the circumferential direction of the sleeve 1; the first leather bag 3 is arranged between the sleeve 1 and the fixing plate 2, and a first pressure control assembly is arranged on the first leather bag 3; vertical pressurization mechanism sets up in the tunnel top, vertical pressurization mechanism includes a plurality of second pressurization subassemblies, sets up respectively in little shaft bottom plate below, second pressurization subassembly includes: the second leather bag 4 is arranged below the bottom plate of the small vertical shaft, and a second pressure control assembly is arranged on the second leather bag 4; the pressure detection elements 5 are respectively arranged below the second leather bags 4 and used for measuring soil pressure stress and checking the pressurization effect; the controller is arranged on the ground and is electrically connected with the first pressure control assembly, the second pressure control assembly and the pressure detection element 5.

The first leather bag 3 and the second leather bag 4 have the same structure, and the leather bags are double-layer leather bags. Sleeve 1, fixed subassembly 2 all adopt the thick steel sheet preparation of 1.0 ~ 2.0cm, and its effect is in order to protect first leather bag 3 not to be cut by rubble etc. in the soil and cut open, and fix first leather bag 3 on row pile. The pressure detecting element 5 is a pressure sensor.

Further, the fixing component 2 is an arc-shaped plate, and the bottom of the arc-shaped plate is hinged with the sleeve 1 through a hinge mechanism. And a hinging mechanism is welded on the outer side of the sleeve 1 at a position 15cm below the designed joint position of the arc-shaped plate, the outer arm of the hinging mechanism is connected with the outer side arm of the outer sleeve by adopting a 25cm long steel bar with the diameter of 12mm, the length of the welding section is about 10cm, and the length of the connecting section is 15 cm.

Further, the first pressure control assembly includes: first water injection pipe, first water injection mud pipe. One end of a first water injection pipe is arranged on the first leather bag 3, the other end of the first water injection pipe extends to the ground and is connected with the output end of a first water pump, the input end of the first water pump is connected with a water storage tank and is used for pressurization, and a first pressure limiting valve is arranged on the first water injection pipe and is used for guaranteeing the safety of water pressure; one end setting of first water injection mud pipe is on first leather bag 3, and the other end extends to subaerially to be connected with the output of first grouting pump, the input and the thick liquids pond of first grouting pump are connected for the dimension is pressed.

Further, as shown in fig. 1, the second pressure control assembly includes: a second water injection pipe 6 and a second water injection mud pipe 7. One end of a second water injection pipe 6 is arranged on the second leather bag 4, the other end of the second water injection pipe extends to the ground and is connected with the output end of a second water pump, the input end of the second water pump is connected with the water storage tank and is used for pressurizing, and a second pressure limiting valve is arranged on the second water injection pipe 6 and is used for guaranteeing the safety of water pressure; one end setting of second water injection mud pipe 7 is on second leather bag 4, and the other end extends to subaerially to be connected with the output of second grouting pump, the input and the thick liquids pond of second grouting pump are connected for the dimension is pressed.

Wherein, be equipped with the ooff valve between above-mentioned water injection pipe and the water pump, likewise, also be equipped with the ooff valve between water injection mud pipe and the grouting pump for open and close water injection slip casting work, open and close water injection slip casting through subaerial control end. The pressure limiting valve can stabilize and stabilize pressure and change water in synchronous grouting when the leather bag is grouted, and the stability and the transition are kept. If unexpected emergency such as burst of the leather bag and pressure loss of the leather bag occurs, cement slurry can be timely injected into the cement slurry injection pipe for pressure compensation. Subsequent building loading can reduce vertical ballast through schemes such as light weight re-filling.

Further, the leather bag further comprises a first protection structure which is respectively arranged on the first leather bag 3 and the second leather bag 4 and is used for protecting the first leather bag 3 and the second leather bag 4. The first leather bag 3 and the second leather bag 4 are prevented from being scratched by underground gravels and the like.

Further, the first protection structure is that the carbon fiber cloth bags 8 are respectively sleeved on the first leather bag 3 and the second leather bag 4. The volume of the carbon fiber cloth bag 8 is not less than 3 times of the inflation volume of the leather bag (normal pressure), then the position is fixed by adopting super glue, the opening of the carbon fiber cloth bag 8 is sewed, and only the water injection pipe and the water injection mud pipe are communicated with the inside and the outside. Adopt plastics to prick the silk ligature between carbon fiber sack 8 and the sleeve 1, the ligature point is the arc metal iron wire (diameter 3 ~ 5mm) of welding in the sleeve 1 outside. The distance between the binding point and the edge of the carbon fiber cloth bag 8 is not less than 10 cm.

Furthermore, a plurality of nuts are arranged on two sides of the carbon fiber cloth bag 8 on the first leather bag 3, and bolts corresponding to the nuts are arranged outside the fixing component 2. For fixing the sleeve 1 with the fixing assembly 2. The carbon fiber cloth bags 8 are flatly laid on the sleeve 1, and the distance between every two adjacent carbon fiber cloth bags is not less than 10 cm. Nuts are welded outside 15cm of two sides of the carbon fiber cloth bag 8, the fixing component 2 is temporarily fastened by bolts and connected with the sleeve 1, and the carbon fiber cloth bag is manually removed before being hoisted into the hole.

Further, still include: and the second protection structure is arranged on the second leather bag 4 and used for protecting the second leather bag 4.

Further, as shown in fig. 4, the second protection structure includes: the small shaft bottom plate comprises a cushion layer 9, a clay layer 10 and a bentonite layer 11. The small shaft well bottom plate cushion layer 9 is arranged below the small shaft well bottom plate, and the small shaft well bottom plate cushion layer 9 is poured concrete; the clay layer 10 is arranged between the second leather bag 4 and the small shaft bottom plate cushion layer 9. The bentonite layer 11 is provided below the second bladder 4, above the pressure detecting element 5. The clay 10 helps to protect the second bladder 4 from being punctured by a sharp object after the bladder has been inflated by the inflation pressure. The bentonite 11 helps the surface of the air bag to slide when the air bag is expanded, and the surface tension of the air bag is balanced.

The invention comprises a leather bag structure arranged underground and a control end arranged on the ground to jointly form a servo system, pressure control is realized by injecting water into the leather bag and grouting, a pressure sensor is arranged to ensure the soil pressure balance around the underground protection structure, and the deformation of the stratum caused by engineering disturbance is reduced.

The steps of the invention during construction are as follows:

step a: fixing a lateral pressurizing mechanism on the row piles;

step b: synchronously constructing a fixed lateral pressurizing mechanism and a row pile, and putting the fixed lateral pressurizing mechanism and the row pile into the ground;

step c: dividing a compartment excavation scheme according to the range of protected facilities, and inserting steel sheet piles or construction micro-piles and other compartment surrounding structures, namely small vertical shafts, from the ground;

step d: jumping and digging the soil body of the sub-bin to a preset elevation step by step after precipitation, and if necessary, adopting profile steel to support the sub-bin enclosing structure;

step e: laying a layer of bentonite 11 at the bottom of the bin, and then laying a second leather bag 4 and a pressure detection element 5;

step f: fixing an inlet and outlet pipeline of the second leather bag 4, filling a layer of clay 10 without gravel (the sand content is less than 5%) above the second leather bag 4, and tamping a thick pouring cushion layer;

step g: pouring the bin bottom plates, and connecting the bin bottom plates with the adjacent bottom plates into a whole; the side bin and the pile body are cast and connected with a crown beam, and a foundation reversed beam is cast in the design of a ground beam;

step h: backfilling and separating bins;

step i: repeating the steps d-h until the second leather bag is installed and the bottom plate is poured;

step j: excavating a soil body above the protection structure, controlling water injection to the buried first leather bag 3 and the buried second leather bag 4 by a control end on the ground, synchronously compensating excavation unloading in real time according to the pre-buried pressure sensor, and ensuring the soil pressure balance around the underground protection structure;

step k: after the excavation is finished, after the protection structure deforms stably, under the condition of maintaining unchanged pressure, injecting cement slurry to replace water in the leather bag;

step l: after no water overflows, the inlet and outlet of the leather bag are closed.

In the step a, the sleeve 1 and the arc-shaped plate are both made of steel plates with the thickness of 1.0-2.0 cm. Firstly, fixing a first leather bag 3 and a carbon fiber cloth bag 8, wherein the size of the first leather bag 3 in a filling state is 0.8 Dx 1.4 (unit m, D is the diameter of a sleeve 1, the same below), the reserved length of a pipeline for injecting water and cement paste is not less than the embedding depth h +3m, the size of the carbon fiber cloth bag 8 is 1.2 Dx 2.0(m), the carbon fiber cloth bag is fixed (bound or adhered) on the outer side of the sleeve 1, and the vertical distance between every two carbon fiber cloth bags 8 is 10 cm. U-shaped steel bar buckles are welded on two sides of the carbon fiber cloth bag 8, the size of the U-shaped steel bar buckles is 10cm multiplied by 5cm, the distance is 2.0m, and a single arm is welded on one side of the inner arc-shaped plate; the bottom of the sleeve is welded to the sleeve 1 and the arc-shaped plate through a rigid hinge mechanism and steel bars, the length of the inner arm is 10cm, and the length of the steel bars of the outer arm is about 20cm (the length of a welding section is 10 cm). Wherein, the quantity of rigid hinge mechanisms is selected according to specific construction.

In the step b, after the rotary drilling and other hole forming are adopted, the sleeve 1 and the arc-shaped plate in the step a are hoisted into the pile arranging hole by the preset depth. The rotary digging machine is about 5-10 cm beyond digging in the protective structure, and is not suitable for driving, pressing or rubbing pipes.

And c, according to the disturbed sensitivity of the underground protection target structure, designating a small shaft excavation block excavation scheme, and firstly adopting structures such as steel sheet piles or micro-piles to segment the soil body to be excavated above the protection structure.

And d, excavating the divided-bin soil body by adopting manual work or small machinery, and taking necessary supporting measures for the small foundation pit with large span and deep depth.

In the step e, a plurality of pressure detection elements 5 are embedded below pit bottom soil, then bentonite 11 with the thickness of about 5cm is paved, and the surface slippage of the second leather bag 4 is facilitated when the second leather bag 4 expands, so that the surface tension of the second leather bag 4 is balanced.

In the step f, a layer of clay 10 with the thickness of not less than 15cm is filled above the second leather bag 4, after the second leather bag is properly rolled and flattened, cushion concrete is poured, and the clay 10 is helpful for protecting the second leather bag 4 from being punctured by a sharp object after the second leather bag 4 is expanded by filling pressure.

In the step j, after the bin bottom plates above the protective structure are connected into a whole and the strength is designed, soil above the protective structure can be integrally excavated, and according to feedback information of the pre-embedded pressure detection element 5 after the tunnel is unloaded, a servo system is adopted to control water injection pressure of the leather bag, so that the stability of the top pressure of the protective structure tunnel is maintained.

In the step i, during the process of grouting the leather bag, a pressure limiting valve can be installed in the water injection pipe, stable and stable pressure is achieved, grouting is performed synchronously, water is changed, and stable transition is maintained.

According to the construction steps, the dynamic evaluation of the confining pressure of the underground protection structure can be basically maintained. During construction, water injection can flexibly regulate and control pressure, and subsequent grouting can ensure permanent pressure balance of the underground protection structure, so that the underground protection structure is suitable for a new peripheral pressure environment. The lateral pressure and the vertical pressure of the protection structure can be balanced as much as possible, the protection of a circular pressed tunnel (hole) is facilitated, and the convergence value of the tunnel caused by external engineering disturbance can be greatly reduced.

The main innovation of the invention is that the excavation of the small vertical shaft is combined with the combined use of the vertical pressure cabin, the small vertical shaft is only used for pouring the capping beam structure of the underground protection structure in construction, and downward acting counter force is provided by the beam plate and the row piles, so that conditions are created for the earth excavation above the protection structure. Protection architecture is backed down and is dug the uninstallation, must lead to the vertical compressive stress of underground structure confined pressure to reduce, through watering for the leather bag, provides vertical loading, can equal its position burial depth vertical soil compressive stress through control leather bag water pressure and keep underground structure confined pressure vertical pressure stable. The pressure sensing element 5 is used for actually controlling and verifying the pressurizing effect. In order to avoid the skin bag from being burst by the sharp objects of earth and stone when the skin bag is expanded, a carbon fiber cloth bag 8 with higher puncture resistance strength can be sleeved outside the skin bag. When the device is applied to the construction of the protective layer of the leather bag, the sharp objects such as construction waste and broken stones on the surface are removed before the construction of the upper protective layer and the lower protective layer of the leather bag, and the filling materials are sieved to remove broken stones with the diameter of more than 2 cm. During construction, the leather bag is subjected to water injection or water drainage pressure stabilization, and the whole process is dynamically servo-controlled. After the engineering is finished, grouting is carried out on the leather bag to change water, so that pressure stabilizing replacement is ensured, and the long-term stability of the underground protection structure is facilitated. After the cement paste is solidified to reach the preset strength, the grouting pipe can be closed, and the protection structure is stable for a long time. By the engineering protection device, the stress at the periphery of the target structure is protected from being influenced by disturbance of the external environment, the target structure and the peripheral building are protected to achieve new stress balance after the engineering is finished, and most of disturbance or load increase and decrease is almost completely borne by the row piles and the small vertical shaft plate girder structure.