阅读说明：本技术 一种适用于活动断裂区和高地应力区的隧道防护结构 (Tunnel protection structure suitable for activity rupture zone and high ground stress district ) 是由 郑博文 祁生文 何满潮 周辉 张永双 郭松峰 黄晓林 梁宁 邹宇 于 2021-09-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种适用于活动断裂区和高地应力区的隧道防护结构,涉及隧道工程施工技术领域,包括至少一个防护单元,多个防护单元沿隧道轴向依次相接分布,防护单元包括用于固定设置在衬砌结构和围岩之间且沿隧道轴向分布的径向防护圈和两个轴向防护圈；径向防护圈包括沿隧道径向依次套设的多个径向缓冲耗能层,沿隧道径向由外向内的各径向缓冲耗能层的径向缓冲性能递增且径向耗能性能递减；轴向防护圈包括沿隧道轴向依次固定连接的多个轴向缓冲耗能层,沿隧道轴向由外向内的各轴向缓冲耗能层的轴向缓冲性能递增且轴向耗能性能递减。本发明提供的隧道防护结构适用于跨越活动断裂和高地应力的环境条件,保障了隧道工程安全稳定性。(The invention discloses a tunnel protection structure suitable for a movable fracture area and a high ground stress area, which relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering construction and comprises at least one protection unit, wherein the protection units are sequentially connected and distributed along the axial direction of a tunnel, and each protection unit comprises a radial protection ring and two axial protection rings, wherein the radial protection rings and the two axial protection rings are fixedly arranged between a lining structure and surrounding rocks and are distributed along the axial direction of the tunnel; the radial protection ring comprises a plurality of radial buffering energy consumption layers which are sequentially sleeved along the radial direction of the tunnel, and the radial buffering performance and the radial energy consumption performance of each radial buffering energy consumption layer from outside to inside along the radial direction of the tunnel are increased progressively and decreased progressively; the axial protection ring comprises a plurality of axial buffering energy consumption layers which are fixedly connected in sequence along the axial direction of the tunnel, and the axial buffering performance and the axial energy consumption performance of each axial buffering energy consumption layer from outside to inside along the axial direction of the tunnel are increased progressively and decreased progressively. The tunnel protection structure provided by the invention is suitable for the environmental conditions of crossing active fracture and high ground stress, and the safety and stability of tunnel engineering are ensured.)

1. A tunnel barrier structure adapted for use in a moving fracture zone and a high geostress zone, comprising: the tunnel lining protection device comprises at least one protection unit, wherein the protection units are sequentially connected and distributed along the axial direction of a tunnel, each protection unit comprises a radial protection ring and two axial protection rings, the radial protection rings and the two axial protection rings are fixedly arranged between a lining structure and surrounding rocks, are distributed along the axial direction of the tunnel and are fixedly connected, and the two axial protection rings are respectively arranged on two sides of the radial protection rings;

the radial protection ring comprises a plurality of radial buffering energy consumption layers which are sequentially sleeved along the radial direction of the tunnel, each radial buffering energy consumption layer has radial buffering performance and radial energy consumption performance, and the radial buffering performance and the radial energy consumption performance of each radial buffering energy consumption layer from outside to inside along the radial direction of the tunnel are increased progressively;

the axial protection ring comprises a plurality of axial buffering energy consumption layers which are fixedly connected in sequence along the axial direction of the tunnel, each axial buffering energy consumption layer has axial buffering performance and axial energy consumption performance, and the axial buffering performance and the axial energy consumption performance of each axial buffering energy consumption layer from outside to inside along the axial direction of the tunnel are increased progressively.

2. The tunnel guard structure adapted for a live fracture zone and a high geostress zone of claim 1, wherein: each radial buffering energy consumption layer comprises a plurality of radial tire layers which are sequentially and fixedly connected around the axis of the tunnel, each radial tire layer comprises a plurality of radial tires which are annularly distributed around the axial direction of the tunnel and are sequentially and fixedly connected, and the axis of each radial tire is parallel to the axis of the tunnel; each axial buffering energy consumption layer comprises a plurality of axial tire layers which are sequentially sleeved along the radial direction of the tunnel, each axial tire layer comprises a plurality of axial tires which are annularly distributed around the axis of the tunnel and are sequentially and fixedly connected, and the axis of each axial tire is perpendicular to the axis of the tunnel; buffering energy-consuming materials are filled in each radial tire and each axial tire, the buffering performance of the buffering energy-consuming materials filled in the radial tires from outside to inside along the radial direction of the tunnel is increased progressively, the energy-consuming performance of the buffering energy-consuming materials filled in the axial tires from outside to inside along the axial direction of the tunnel is decreased progressively, and the energy-consuming performance of the buffering energy-consuming materials filled in the axial tires from outside to inside along the axial direction of the tunnel is decreased progressively.

3. The tunnel guard structure adapted for a live fracture zone and a high geostress zone of claim 2, wherein: the diameter and the thickness of each radial tire are increased from inside to outside along the radial direction of the tunnel, the thickness of each radial buffer energy consumption layer along the axial direction of the tunnel is the same, and each radial tire can be abutted against at least two adjacent radial tires in the adjacent buffer energy consumption layers.

4. The tunnel guard structure adapted for a live fracture zone and a high geostress zone of claim 2, wherein: gaps among the adjacent radial tires, the adjacent axial tires, the adjacent radial tires and the axial tires are filled with the energy-dissipating buffer material.

5. The tunnel guard structure adapted for a live fracture zone and a high geostress zone of claim 2, wherein: the radial tire and the axial tire are waste tires.

6. The tunnel guard structure adapted for a movable fracture zone and a high geostress zone of claim 3, wherein: and all the adjacent radial tire layers are fixedly bonded.

7. The tunnel guard structure adapted for a movable fracture zone and a high geostress zone of claim 3, wherein: the centers of the radial tires in the same radial tire layer are sequentially connected by using a first anchor rod, the radial tire layer positioned on the outermost layer is an outward tire layer, the thickness of the outward tire layer is integral multiple of the thickness of each radial tire layer positioned between the outward tire layer and the tunnel, a plurality of radial tires distributed in the radial buffering energy consumption layer along the axial direction of the tunnel form radial tire parts, the thickness of each radial tire part is the same as that of the outward tire layer, and the centers of two adjacent radial tire parts in two adjacent radial buffering energy consumption layers are connected by using a second anchor rod.

8. The tunnel guard structure adapted for a live fracture zone and a high geostress zone of claim 2, wherein: and respectively connecting the axial tire of the axial tire layer on the outermost layer and the axial tire of the axial tire layer on the innermost layer in sequence around the axis of the tunnel by using a third anchor rod, and fixedly connecting adjacent contact points of the axial tires on different axial tire layers in sequence by using a fourth anchor rod.

9. The tunnel guard structure adapted for a movable fracture zone and a high geostress zone of claim 3, wherein: and fixedly connecting the contact positions of the adjacent radial tires and the axial tires by using a fifth anchor rod.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering construction, in particular to a tunnel protection structure suitable for a movable fracture zone and a high ground stress zone.

Background

The transient railway traffic corridor has the advantages of complex geological conditions, dense active fracture and generally high ground stress, and the active fracture and the high ground stress simultaneously act on surrounding rocks of railway tunnel engineering, so that the surrounding rocks generate serious radial deformation and axial deformation and accumulate high strain energy, and engineering disasters such as structural earthquake disasters, tunnel engineering (structure) building fracture, rock burst, large deformation and the like are easily induced, and the construction operation and maintenance of the transient railway are seriously threatened. The development of tunnel engineering protection measures suitable for crossing active fracture and high ground stress environmental conditions is the key for determining success or failure of tunnel engineering.

Aiming at the aspect of protection of crossing active fracture in tunnel engineering, the patent with the publication number of CN111287756A is only in a single protection structure form, and has weak pertinence on fracture activity of a normal fault, a reverse fault and a slip fault, and the anti-dislocation effect is unknown; the material cost of the tunnel assembly type structural material in the patent with the publication number of CN110159315A is high, and the construction requirement and the standard are both high; the material cost of the anti-seismic structure in the patent with the publication number of CN108547633A is high, and the molding and anti-dislocation effect of the anti-seismic structure is greatly uncertain by building the damping ring in a pressure injection mode. Meanwhile, the invention cannot give consideration to the adverse effect of the high ground stress environment on the tunnel engineering.

Therefore, the market needs a tunnel protection structure which can resist the active fracture and the breakage under the high ground stress environment condition and has low cost.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a tunnel protection structure suitable for a movable fracture area and a high ground stress area, which is used for solving the problems in the prior art, is suitable for crossing movable fracture and high ground stress environmental conditions and ensures the safety and stability of tunnel engineering.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:

the invention provides a tunnel protection structure suitable for a movable fracture area and a high geostress area, which comprises at least one protection unit, wherein a plurality of protection units are sequentially connected and distributed along the axial direction of a tunnel; the radial protection ring comprises a plurality of radial buffering energy consumption layers which are sequentially sleeved along the radial direction of the tunnel, each radial buffering energy consumption layer has radial buffering performance and radial energy consumption performance, and the radial buffering performance and the radial energy consumption performance of each radial buffering energy consumption layer from outside to inside along the radial direction of the tunnel are increased progressively; the axial protection ring comprises a plurality of axial buffering energy consumption layers which are fixedly connected in sequence along the axial direction of the tunnel, each axial buffering energy consumption layer has axial buffering performance and axial energy consumption performance, and the axial buffering performance and the axial energy consumption performance of each axial buffering energy consumption layer from outside to inside along the axial direction of the tunnel are increased progressively.

Preferably, each radial buffer energy consumption layer comprises a plurality of radial tire layers which are fixedly connected in sequence around the axis of the tunnel, each radial tire layer comprises a plurality of radial tires which are annularly distributed around the axial direction of the tunnel and are fixedly connected in sequence, and the axis of each radial tire is parallel to the axis of the tunnel; each axial buffering energy consumption layer comprises a plurality of axial tire layers which are sequentially sleeved along the radial direction of the tunnel, each axial tire layer comprises a plurality of axial tires which are annularly distributed around the axis of the tunnel and are sequentially and fixedly connected, and the axis of each axial tire is perpendicular to the axis of the tunnel; buffering energy-consuming materials are filled in each radial tire and each axial tire, the buffering performance of the buffering energy-consuming materials filled in the radial tires from outside to inside along the radial direction of the tunnel is increased progressively, the energy-consuming performance of the buffering energy-consuming materials filled in the axial tires from outside to inside along the axial direction of the tunnel is decreased progressively, and the energy-consuming performance of the buffering energy-consuming materials filled in the axial tires from outside to inside along the axial direction of the tunnel is decreased progressively.

Preferably, the diameter and the thickness of each radial tire increase from inside to outside along the radial direction of the tunnel, and the thickness of each radial buffer energy consumption layer along the axial direction of the tunnel is the same, and each radial tire can be abutted against at least two adjacent radial tires in the adjacent buffer energy consumption layers.

Preferably, gaps between each adjacent radial tire, each adjacent axial tire, and each radial tire and each axial tire are filled with the energy-dissipating buffer material.

Preferably, the radial tire and the axial tire are both junked tires.

Preferably, each adjacent radial tire layer is adhesively secured.

Preferably, the centers of the radial tires in the same radial tire layer are sequentially connected by using a first anchor rod, the radial tire layer positioned on the outermost layer is an outward tire layer, the thickness of the outward tire layer is integral multiple of the thickness of each radial tire layer positioned between the outward tire layer and the tunnel, a plurality of radial tires distributed along the axial direction of the tunnel in the radial buffering energy consumption layer form radial tire parts, the thickness of each radial tire part is the same as that of the outward tire layer, and the centers of two adjacent radial tire parts in two adjacent radial buffering energy consumption layers are connected by using a second anchor rod.

Preferably, the axial tires of the axial tire layer on the outermost layer and the axial tires of the axial tire layer on the innermost layer are sequentially connected around the tunnel axis by using a third anchor rod, and adjacent contact points of the axial tires on different axial tire layers are fixedly connected by using a fourth anchor rod.

Preferably, a fifth anchor is used to fixedly connect the contact positions of the adjacent radial tires and the axial tires.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:

the invention provides a tunnel protection structure suitable for a movable fracture zone and a high ground stress zone, when surrounding rock generates severe deformation, firstly, a radial buffering energy consumption layer and an axial buffering energy consumption layer on the outer layer respectively consume energy for radial large deformation and axial large deformation, in the deformation process of the surrounding rock, radial high strain energy and axial high strain energy are rapidly reduced, then the radial buffering energy consumption layer and the axial buffering energy consumption layer on the inner layer respectively buffer the radial large deformation and the axial large deformation, and the radial deformation of the surrounding rock is prevented from being transmitted to a tunnel and damaging the tunnel.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a tunnel containment structure suitable for a movable fracture zone and a high geostress zone provided by the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a tunnel shield structure suitable for use in a moving fracture zone and a high geostress zone provided by the present invention in an axial section of the tunnel;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a radial shield structure provided by the present invention along a radial section of a tunnel;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a radial shield structure provided by the present invention taken along an axial section of a tunnel;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of an axial containment structure provided in accordance with the present invention taken along a radial cross-section of a tunnel;

fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the axial shield structure provided by the present invention taken along an axial section of a tunnel.

Description of reference numerals: 1. the tunnel is axial; 2. an axial guard ring; 21. an axial tire; 22. axial buffer energy consumption layer 23, axial tyre layer; 24. a fourth anchor rod; 3. a radial guard ring; 31. a radial tire; 32. a first anchor rod; 33. a second anchor rod; 34. a radial tire layer; 35. a radial tire portion; 100. the tunnel protection structure is suitable for a movable fracture zone and a high ground stress zone; 200. surrounding rocks; 300. lining the structure; 400. a protection unit.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The invention aims to provide a tunnel protection structure suitable for a movable fracture area and a high ground stress area, which is used for solving the problems in the prior art, is suitable for crossing movable fracture and high ground stress environmental conditions and ensures the safety and stability of tunnel engineering.

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.

The embodiment provides a tunnel protection structure 100 suitable for a movable fracture zone and a high ground stress zone, as shown in fig. 1-6, comprising at least one protection unit 400, wherein a plurality of protection units 400 are sequentially connected and distributed along a tunnel axial direction 1, preferably, adjacent protection units are contacted and fixedly connected, each protection unit 400 comprises a radial protection ring 3 and two axial protection rings 2, the radial protection rings 3 and the two axial protection rings 2 are fixedly arranged between a lining structure 300 and surrounding rocks 200 and distributed and fixedly connected along the tunnel axial direction 1, and the two axial protection rings 2 are respectively arranged on two sides of the radial protection ring 3; the radial protection ring 3 comprises a plurality of radial buffering energy consumption layers which are sequentially sleeved along the radial direction of the tunnel, specifically, the radial direction is the direction vertical to the axial direction, each radial buffering energy consumption layer has radial buffering performance and radial energy consumption performance, and the radial buffering performance and the radial energy consumption performance of each radial buffering energy consumption layer along the radial direction of the tunnel from outside to inside are increased progressively and decreased progressively; the axial protection ring 2 comprises a plurality of axial buffering energy consumption layers 22 which are fixedly connected in sequence along the axial direction 1 of the tunnel, each axial buffering energy consumption layer 22 has axial buffering performance and axial energy consumption performance, and the axial buffering performance and the axial energy consumption performance of each axial buffering energy consumption layer 22 from outside to inside along the axial direction 1 of the tunnel are increased progressively.

When the surrounding rock 200 is seriously deformed, firstly, the outer radial buffering energy consumption layer and the outer axial buffering energy consumption layer 22 respectively consume energy for large radial deformation and large axial deformation, the radial high strain energy and the axial high strain energy are rapidly reduced in the deformation process of the surrounding rock 200, then the inner radial buffering energy consumption layer and the inner axial buffering energy consumption layer 22 respectively buffer large radial deformation and large axial deformation, and the radial deformation of the surrounding rock 200 is prevented from being transmitted to the tunnel to damage the tunnel.

Further, each radial buffer energy consumption layer comprises a plurality of radial tire layers 34 which are fixedly connected in sequence around the axis of the tunnel, each radial tire layer 34 comprises a plurality of radial tires 31 which are distributed annularly around the axial direction 1 of the tunnel and are fixedly connected in sequence, and the axis of each radial tire 31 is parallel to the axis of the tunnel; each axial buffer energy consumption layer 22 comprises a plurality of axial tire layers 22 which are sequentially sleeved along the radial direction of the tunnel, each axial tire layer 22 comprises a plurality of axial tires 21 which are annularly distributed around the axis of the tunnel and are sequentially and fixedly connected, and the axis of each axial tire 21 is vertical to the axis of the tunnel; the radial tires 31 and the axial tires 21 are filled with energy-dissipating buffer materials, the energy-dissipating buffer materials filled in the radial tires 31 from the outside to the inside in the radial direction of the tunnel are increased in buffer performance and decreased in energy-dissipating performance, and the energy-dissipating buffer materials filled in the axial tires 21 from the outside to the inside in the axial direction 1 of the tunnel are increased in buffer performance and decreased in energy-dissipating performance. The axial tire 21 and the radial tire 31 have a buffer function, and the axial tire 21 and the radial tire 31 are combined with a buffer energy dissipation material to resist the large deformation of surrounding rocks.

Further, the radial buffering energy consumption layer and the axial buffering energy consumption layer 22 are three layers, the radial tires 31 and the axial tires 21 at the outermost layers are filled with energy consumption materials consisting of construction wastes such as concrete blocks, broken stones, brick and tile fragments, dregs and coal gangue, the fineness modulus is large, the compactness is slightly dense, and the grading form is a discontinuous grading form; the radial tire 31 and the axial tire 21 at the middle layer are filled with energy-consuming materials consisting of coal gangue, steel slag and the like, the fineness modulus is 'middle', the compactness is 'middle density', and the grading form is 'continuous open' grading form; the radial tire 31 and the axial tire 21 on the inner layer are filled with energy-consuming materials consisting of steel slag, fly ash, red mud, phosphogypsum and the like, the fineness modulus is small, the compactness is dense, and the grading form is a continuous grading form. The bulk solid waste is directly converted into the building material, so that the comprehensive utilization efficiency of the bulk solid waste is improved while the buffering energy consumption effect is met, and the cost of tunnel engineering is reduced.

Further, the diameter and the thickness of each radial tire 31 increase from inside to outside along the radial direction of the tunnel, and the thickness of each radial buffer energy consumption layer along the axial direction 1 of the tunnel is the same, so that each radial tire 31 can be abutted against at least two adjacent radial tires 31 in the adjacent buffer energy consumption layers. Due to the arrangement, the radial tires 31 are arranged more tightly, and the buffering energy consumption performance of the axial protection ring 2 is improved.

Further, the gaps between each adjacent radial tire 31, each adjacent axial tire 21, and between each adjacent radial tire 31 and the axial tire 21 are filled with buffering energy-consuming materials, specifically, the gaps are filled with energy-consuming materials composed of coal gangue, steel slag, fly ash, red mud, phosphogypsum and the like, the fineness modulus is medium-small, the compactness is dense, and the grading form is a continuous grading form, so that the buffering effect is achieved.

Furthermore, the radial tire 31 and the axial tire 21 are both waste tires, the waste tires are directly converted into building materials, the buffer effect is met, meanwhile, the comprehensive utilization of a large amount of solid wastes is realized, and the cost of tunnel engineering is reduced.

Further, each adjacent radial tire layer 34 is adhesively secured.

Further, the centers of the radial tires 31 in the same radial tire layer 34 are connected in sequence by using the first anchor 32, a plurality of radial tires 31 distributed along the tunnel axial direction 1 in the same radial buffer energy consumption layer form a radial tire portion 35, the thickness of the radial wheel portion is the same as that of the radial tire 31 of the outermost radial buffer energy consumption layer, and the centers of the adjacent radial tire portions 35 in the two adjacent radial buffer energy consumption layers are connected by using the second anchor 33.

Further, the axial tires 21 of the axial tire layers 22 at the outermost layer and the axial tires 21 of the axial tire layers 22 at the innermost layer are sequentially connected around the tunnel axis by using third anchor rods, and the adjacent contact points of the axial tires 21 positioned at different axial tire layers 22 are sequentially and fixedly connected by using fourth anchor rods 23.

Further, the contact positions of the adjacent radial tires 31 and axial tires 21 are fixedly connected using a fifth anchor.

Furthermore, the first anchor rod 32, the second anchor rod 33, the third anchor rod, the fourth anchor rod 23 and the fifth anchor rod are all anchor rods with ideal elastic-plastic characteristics and axial deformation-radial coarsening characteristics, so that the anchor rods can still keep constant high strength even under large stretching and shearing deformation conditions regardless of the movement conditions of different faults such as normal faults, reverse faults, slip faults and the like and the movement modes of fracture stick-slip dislocation and creep deformation, a large deformation space is reserved for surrounding rocks, and the anchor rods can be in closer contact with tires and solid wastes due to the radial coarsening characteristics after deformation, so that the overall rigidity and strength of the tunnel engineering protective structure are enhanced.

In the embodiment, the anchor rod groups acting on the radial protective structure and the axial protective structure are tightly connected with the tire groups in a special arrangement mode, so that the use amount of special anchor rod materials is saved to the maximum extent, and the material cost of the tunnel engineering protective structure is remarkably reduced.

In the embodiment, under the complex stress conditions of static load such as extremely high self-weight stress, structural stress and the like and dynamic load such as strong shock stress waves, explosion stress waves and the like, the coordinated deformation effect of the waste tire group and the anchor rod group, the movement rearrangement and particle crushing effect of solid waste blocks/particles are considered, so that the combined functions of tire buffering, anchor rod energy absorption and block/particle energy consumption are fully exerted.

The principle and the implementation mode of the invention are explained by applying a specific example, and the description of the embodiment is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.