阅读说明：本技术 一种超疏水材料及其制备方法 (super-hydrophobic material and preparation method thereof ) 是由 吴忠振 杨超 季顺平 马正永 于 2019-09-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种超疏水材料及其制备方法。所述超疏水材料具有荷叶状纳米结构。所述荷叶状纳米结构,类似T型结构,不需要使用有机低表面能物质改性就可直接实现超疏水性,这种仅靠结构调控实现超疏水性的材料具有较好的稳定性。所述具有荷叶状纳米结构的材料可以为氧化铝,氧化铝作为常见的工件的耐磨耐腐涂层,因此,本发明微弧氧化法制备的特殊结构纳米氧化铝还具有优异的稳定性。另外本发明提供的超疏水材料的制备方法,简单易操作,成本较低,具有潜在的应用价值。(the invention discloses a super-hydrophobic material and a preparation method thereof. The super-hydrophobic material has a lotus leaf-shaped nano structure. The lotus leaf-shaped nano structure is similar to a T-shaped structure, and can directly realize super-hydrophobicity without using organic low-surface-energy substances for modification, and the material for realizing super-hydrophobicity only by structure regulation has better stability. The material with the lotus leaf-shaped nano structure can be aluminum oxide which is used as a wear-resistant corrosion-resistant coating of a common workpiece, so that the nano aluminum oxide with the special structure prepared by the micro-arc oxidation method also has excellent stability. In addition, the preparation method of the super-hydrophobic material provided by the invention is simple and easy to operate, has lower cost and has potential application value.)

1. A superhydrophobic material, wherein the superhydrophobic material has a lotus-leaf-like nanostructure.

2. the superhydrophobic material of claim 1, wherein the superhydrophobic material is a metal oxide having a scalloped nanostructure.

3. The superhydrophobic material of claim 2, wherein the superhydrophobic material is alumina having a scalloped nanostructure.

4. The preparation method of the super-hydrophobic material is characterized in that the micro-arc oxidation technology is adopted to prepare the super-hydrophobic material with the lotus leaf-shaped nano structure.

5. The method for preparing the superhydrophobic material of claim 4, comprising the steps of:

Providing a metal substrate;

And forming a metal oxide with a lotus leaf-shaped nano structure on the metal base material by adopting a micro-arc oxidation technology to obtain the super-hydrophobic material.

6. The method for preparing the superhydrophobic material of claim 4, comprising the steps of:

Providing aluminum or aluminum alloy, and sequentially polishing and cleaning the aluminum or aluminum alloy;

Putting the treated aluminum or aluminum alloy into an alkaline electrolyte, connecting the aluminum or aluminum alloy with the anode of a power supply, connecting the cathode of the power supply with a working electrode, contacting the working electrode with the electrolyte, and starting the power supply to perform micro-arc oxidation treatment;

After micro-arc oxidation treatment, washing and drying are carried out, and aluminum oxide with a lotus leaf-shaped nano structure is obtained on the surface of aluminum or aluminum alloy, so that the super-hydrophobic material is obtained.

7. The method for preparing the superhydrophobic material of claim 6, wherein the alkaline electrolyte comprises: 3-20g/L of phosphate, 1-5g/L of alkaline hydroxide and water as a solvent.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the phosphate is selected from one or more of sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, trisodium phosphate, and sodium pyrophosphate.

9. The method for preparing a superhydrophobic material of claim 7, wherein the alkaline hydroxide is selected from one or more of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide.

10. The preparation method of the super-hydrophobic material as claimed in claim 6, wherein the process conditions of the micro-arc oxidation treatment comprise:

The selected power supply is a pulse power supply, and the operating parameters of the pulse power supply are that the current density is 1-40A/dm ², the frequency is 100-2000Hz, the duty ratio is 10-15%, and the micro-arc oxidation time is 1-10min in a constant current mode.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of super-hydrophobic materials, in particular to a super-hydrophobic material and a preparation method thereof.

Background

the super-hydrophobic material has a wide application prospect in a plurality of interface scientific fields including scenes of cleaning, anti-icing, anti-fogging, flow resistance reduction, oil-water separation, metal corrosion prevention and the like due to the special wettability of the surface of the super-hydrophobic material.

In recent years, three strategies mainly exist for preparing a super-hydrophobic material, namely, a micro-nano structure is constructed on the surface of a hydrophobic low-surface-energy material; secondly, constructing a micro-nano structure on the surface of the material, and then modifying by using organic low-surface-energy substances; and thirdly, constructing a T-shaped micro-nano structure on the surface of the material. Wherein, organic low surface energy substances are used in the first two strategies, and the stability such as temperature resistance and the like is poor. And the third strategy can realize the super-hydrophobicity only by constructing a special T-shaped structure, organic low-surface-energy substances are not used for modification in the process, the material often shows better stability, and the method has obvious advantages in a plurality of methods for preparing the super-hydrophobic material.

At present, a T-shaped structure is constructed on the surface of a material so as to obtain super-hydrophobicity, and a laser etching method or a chemical etching method is mainly adopted to accurately regulate and control the surface structure. However, most laser etching methods or chemical etching methods have the problems of harsh experimental conditions, complex steps, high cost, incapability of batch preparation and the like.

Accordingly, the prior art is yet to be improved and developed.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to solve the problems of the existing preparation method which only depends on regulating and controlling the material structure to obtain the super-hydrophobic material, and provides a super-hydrophobic material with a lotus-shaped nano structure similar to a T-shaped structure and a method thereof, which are simple and low in cost.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

A superhydrophobic material, wherein the superhydrophobic material has a lotus-leaf like nanostructure.

Further, the super-hydrophobic material is a metal oxide with a lotus-shaped nano structure.

Still further, the superhydrophobic material is alumina having a lotus-shaped nanostructure.

a preparation method of a super-hydrophobic material is provided, wherein the super-hydrophobic material with a lotus leaf-shaped nano structure is prepared by adopting a micro-arc oxidation technology.

Further, comprising the steps of:

Providing a metal substrate;

And forming a metal oxide with a lotus leaf-shaped nano structure on the metal base material by adopting a micro-arc oxidation technology to obtain the super-hydrophobic material.

Further, comprising the steps of:

Providing aluminum or aluminum alloy, and sequentially polishing and cleaning the aluminum or aluminum alloy;

Putting the treated aluminum or aluminum alloy into an alkaline electrolyte, connecting the aluminum or aluminum alloy with the anode of a power supply, connecting the cathode of the power supply with a working electrode, contacting the working electrode with the electrolyte, and starting the power supply to perform micro-arc oxidation treatment;

After micro-arc oxidation treatment, washing and drying are carried out, and aluminum oxide with a lotus leaf-shaped nano structure is obtained on the surface of aluminum or aluminum alloy, so that the super-hydrophobic material is obtained.

Still further, the alkaline electrolyte includes: 3-20g/L of phosphate, 1-5g/L of alkaline hydroxide and water as a solvent.

Still further, the phosphate is selected from one or more of sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, trisodium phosphate, and sodium pyrophosphate.

Still further, the alkaline hydroxide is selected from one or more of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide.

Further, the process conditions of the micro-arc oxidation treatment comprise:

The selected power supply is a pulse power supply, and the operating parameters of the pulse power supply are that the current density is 1-40A/dm ², the frequency is 100-2000Hz, the duty ratio is 10-15%, and the micro-arc oxidation time is 1-10min in a constant current mode.

Has the advantages that: the invention provides a super-hydrophobic material with a lotus-shaped nano structure, wherein the lotus-shaped nano structure is similar to a T-shaped structure, and super-hydrophobicity can be directly realized without modification by using an organic low-surface-energy substance. In addition, the super-hydrophobic material with the lotus leaf-shaped nano structure has the advantages of simple preparation method, easiness in operation, lower cost and potential application value.

drawings

fig. 1 is a front SEM image of the nano-alumina lotus leaf super-hydrophobic material prepared in example 1.

FIG. 2 is a sectional SEM image of the lotus leaf-shaped nano alumina super-hydrophobic material prepared in example 1.

Fig. 3 is an XRD pattern of the lotus leaf-shaped nano alumina super-hydrophobic material prepared in example 1.

fig. 4 is a contact angle graph of the lotus-shaped nano alumina super-hydrophobic material prepared in example 1 to water.

Detailed Description

The invention provides a super-hydrophobic material and a preparation method thereof, and the invention is further described in detail below in order to make the purpose, technical scheme and effect of the invention clearer and clearer. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

The embodiment of the invention provides a super-hydrophobic material, wherein the super-hydrophobic material has a lotus-leaf-shaped nano structure.

The T-shaped structure can directly endow the surface of the material with super-hydrophobicity, and the upward surface tension of water drops on the edge of the T-shaped structure is greater than the downward gravity, so that the water drops are difficult to wet the surface, and the super-hydrophobicity of the material can be directly realized without modifying by using organic low-surface-energy substances. In the embodiment, the lotus-shaped nanostructure is a special structure similar to a T shape, and the contact angle to water is 150 +/-3 degrees, so that the material with the lotus-shaped nanostructure shows super-hydrophobicity, does not need to be modified by organic low-surface-energy substances, and shows better stability.

Further, the super-hydrophobic material is a metal oxide with a lotus-shaped nano structure.

Still further, the superhydrophobic material is alumina having a lotus-shaped nanostructure. In the embodiment, the lotus leaf-shaped nano structure is similar to a T-shaped structure, and the super-hydrophobicity can be directly realized without using organic low-surface-energy substances for modification, so that the material for realizing the super-hydrophobicity only by regulating and controlling the structure has better stability; the material with the lotus leaf-shaped nano structure is alumina which is used as a common wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant coating of a workpiece, so the nano alumina with the special structure also has excellent stability.

the embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method of a super-hydrophobic material, wherein the super-hydrophobic material with a lotus-shaped nano structure is prepared by adopting a micro-arc oxidation technology.

The embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method of a super-hydrophobic material, which comprises the following steps:

Providing a metal substrate;

And forming a metal oxide with a lotus leaf-shaped nano structure on the metal base material by adopting a micro-arc oxidation technology to obtain the super-hydrophobic material.

The embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method of a super-hydrophobic material, which comprises the following steps:

S10, providing aluminum or aluminum alloy, and sequentially polishing and cleaning the aluminum or aluminum alloy;

S20, placing the processed aluminum or aluminum alloy into alkaline electrolyte, connecting the aluminum or aluminum alloy with the positive electrode of a power supply, connecting the negative electrode of the power supply with a working electrode, contacting the working electrode with the electrolyte, and starting the power supply to perform micro-arc oxidation treatment;

S30, washing and drying after micro-arc oxidation treatment, and obtaining the aluminum oxide with the lotus leaf-shaped nano structure on the surface of the aluminum or the aluminum alloy, namely obtaining the super-hydrophobic material.

In the embodiment, the aluminum oxide with the lotus leaf-shaped nano structure is synthesized in an alkaline electrolyte system by adopting a micro-arc oxidation method on aluminum or aluminum alloy, and the method has the advantages of one-step synthesis, simple experimental conditions and low cost; the obtained nano structure is a lotus leaf-shaped nano structure, is similar to a T-shaped structure, can directly realize super-hydrophobicity without using organic low-surface-energy substances for modification, and the material for realizing super-hydrophobicity only by structure regulation has better stability; the material with the lotus leaf-shaped nano structure is aluminum oxide which is used as a wear-resistant corrosion-resistant coating of a common workpiece, so that the nano aluminum oxide with the special structure prepared by the micro-arc oxidation method has excellent stability.

In step S10, in one embodiment, the step of sequentially polishing and cleaning the aluminum or aluminum alloy includes: and polishing the aluminum or the aluminum alloy by using high-mesh sand paper, and sequentially selecting deionized water, absolute ethyl alcohol or acetone for ultrasonic cleaning for 10-30 min.

In one embodiment, the aluminum or aluminum alloy may be pure aluminum, a 2-series, 5-series, 6-series, or 7-series aluminum alloy.

in step S20, in one embodiment, the alkaline electrolyte includes: 3-20g/L of phosphate, 1-5g/L of alkaline hydroxide and water (such as deionized water) as a solvent.

In a particular embodiment, the phosphate is selected from one or more of sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, trisodium phosphate, and sodium pyrophosphate.

In a preferred embodiment, the phosphate in the alkaline electrolyte is 5g/L sodium tripolyphosphate. The alkaline electrolyte prepared from 5g/L sodium tripolyphosphate has a good dispersing effect, can enable liquid and solid particles to be better dissolved in the electrolyte, plays a role in solubilization in the micro-arc oxidation process, and is more beneficial to obtaining a stable alumina film layer.

In a specific embodiment, the alkaline hydroxide is selected from one or more of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide.

In one embodiment, the process conditions of the micro-arc oxidation treatment include:

The selected power supply is a pulse power supply, and the operating parameters of the pulse power supply are that the current density is 1-40A/dm ², the frequency is 100-2000Hz, the duty ratio is 10-15%, and the micro-arc oxidation time is 1-10min in a constant current mode.

In a preferred embodiment, the current density is 2A/dm ², because a moderate current density balances the growth and corrosion processes of the alumina film, and when the current density is too high, the alumina film grows too fast, is easy to sinter, and is not easy to corrode the lotus-shaped nano-structure.

In a preferred embodiment, the frequency is 200Hz, and too high frequency causes the alumina film layer to grow too fast, whereas too low frequency is not favorable for obtaining a dense alumina film layer and corrosion.

In a preferred embodiment, the micro-arc oxidation time is 5min, so that an ideal lotus-shaped nano structure can be obtained, and the structure cannot be damaged due to excessive corrosion.

The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.