阅读说明：本技术 一种透气保暖的气凝胶复合面料及其制备方法 (Breathable and warm-keeping aerogel composite fabric and preparation method thereof ) 是由 唐雪金 于 2019-08-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及纺织品领域,具体涉及到一种透气保暖的气凝胶复合面料及其制备方法。一种透气保暖的气凝胶复合面料,按重量份数计,至少包括如下组分：聚酯纤维50-80份、粘胶纤维10-30份、竹炭纤维5-20份、二氧化硅气凝胶前驱体5-15份、改性壳聚糖3-10份、硅酸酯2-8份、整理剂1-3份。本发明提高的复合面料是一种轻薄的透气保暖的面料,不仅解决了面料易吸湿溶胀、易起毛起球、透气性差、弹性差等问题,同时具有优异的抗菌、抗静电作用,且保暖性能好。(The invention relates to the field of textiles, in particular to a breathable and warm-keeping aerogel composite fabric and a preparation method thereof. The breathable and warm-keeping aerogel composite fabric at least comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-80 parts of polyester fiber, 10-30 parts of viscose fiber, 5-20 parts of bamboo charcoal fiber, 5-15 parts of silicon dioxide aerogel precursor, 3-10 parts of modified chitosan, 2-8 parts of silicate ester and 1-3 parts of finishing agent. The improved composite fabric is a light and thin breathable and warm fabric, solves the problems of high moisture absorption and swelling tendency, high fluffing and pilling tendency, poor breathability, poor elasticity and the like of the fabric, and has excellent antibacterial and antistatic effects and good warm keeping performance.)

1. The breathable and warm-keeping aerogel composite fabric is characterized by at least comprising the following components in parts by weight: 50-80 parts of polyester fiber, 10-30 parts of viscose fiber, 5-20 parts of bamboo charcoal fiber, 5-15 parts of silicon dioxide aerogel precursor, 3-10 parts of modified chitosan, 2-8 parts of silicate ester and 1-3 parts of finishing agent.

2. The breathable and thermal aerogel composite fabric according to claim 1, wherein the modified chitosan is chitosan modified with organic polyacid and C6-C30 succinic anhydride.

3. the breathable and thermal aerogel composite fabric according to claim 2, wherein the mass ratio of the organic polyacid to the C6-C30 succinic anhydride is 1: (0.35-0.5).

4. the breathable, thermal aerogel composite of claim 2, wherein the C6-C30 succinic anhydride is C8-C20 succinic anhydride.

5. The breathable, thermal aerogel composite of claim 4, wherein the C8-C20 succinic anhydride is C16-C18 succinic anhydride.

6. the breathable, thermal aerogel composite fabric of claim 2, wherein the organic polyacid is citric acid.

7. The breathable, thermal aerogel composite fabric of any of claims 1-6, wherein the silicate is fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether silicate.

8. the breathable and thermal aerogel composite fabric according to claim 7, wherein the fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether silicate is lauryl alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether silicate.

9. the breathable and thermal aerogel composite fabric according to claim 8, wherein the epoxy addition number of the lauryl polyoxyethylene ether in the lauryl polyoxyethylene ether silicate is 3-9.

10. a method for preparing the breathable and warm-keeping aerogel composite fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by comprising the following preparation steps:

(1) mixing polyester fiber, viscose fiber and bamboo charcoal fiber to form mixed fiber, and placing the whole roll in a normal pressure container;

(2) Injecting the silicon dioxide aerogel precursor into a normal-pressure container by using a glue injection pump, fully soaking the mixed fibers in the step (1), gelling the silicon dioxide aerogel precursor in gaps of the mixed fibers to obtain a wet gel composite material, and continuously aging the gel composite material for 24-36 h;

(3) Adding the modified chitosan, silicate ester and finishing agent into the aged gel composite material obtained in the step (2), and fully stirring the mixture for 36-48 h;

(4) And (4) transferring the composite material obtained in the step (3) into a supercritical drying kettle, drying at the temperature of 45-65 ℃, under the drying pressure of 10-15MPa for 12-24h, and then weaving to obtain the breathable and warm-keeping aerogel composite fabric.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of textiles, in particular to a breathable and warm-keeping aerogel composite fabric and a preparation method thereof.

Background

With the improvement of the existing living standard, the requirements of people on clothes are higher and higher, only comfortable and beautiful clothes cannot meet the requirements of people, in winter, the requirements of people on the heat preservation effect of the clothes are extremely high, but after the heat preservation effect is good, the clothes are often hot, sweat can be generated on the body after the clothes are moved a little, the feeling is very uncomfortable, and then the cold symptom is very easy to occur under the condition that the temperature is low in winter.

At present, various novel thermal insulation materials are in the market, and various modified and compounded novel thermal insulation materials continuously appear, such as thermal insulation materials of washing cotton, shaping degreasing washing cotton, down wadding, compound needling, melt-blown cotton and the like. Because a single thermal insulation material often has defects, the requirements of different consumer groups are difficult to meet only by using one material, and simultaneously, the performance of the thermal insulation material is difficult to be greatly improved.

A new warm-keeping fabric obtained by compounding different materials is a trend of the development of the existing cold-proof warm-keeping fabric. At present, the conventional method in the market is to add layers and thicken the textile fabric, and the textile fabric prepared by the method has poor air permeability, easy fluffing and pilling, poor elasticity, heavy weight, moisture absorption and swelling and serious static phenomena.

Disclosure of Invention

in order to solve the problems, the invention provides a breathable and warm-keeping aerogel composite fabric, which at least comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-80 parts of polyester fiber, 10-30 parts of viscose fiber, 5-20 parts of bamboo charcoal fiber, 5-15 parts of silicon dioxide aerogel precursor, 3-10 parts of modified chitosan, 2-8 parts of silicate ester and 1-3 parts of finishing agent.

as a preferable technical scheme, the modified chitosan is chitosan modified by organic polybasic acid and C6-C30 succinic anhydride.

as a preferable technical scheme, the mass ratio of the organic polybasic acid to the C6-C30 succinic anhydride is 1: (0.35-0.5).

as a preferable technical scheme, the C6-C30 succinic anhydride is C8-C20 succinic anhydride.

as a preferable technical scheme, the C8-C20 succinic anhydride is C16-C18 succinic anhydride.

As a preferred technical scheme, the C16-C18 succinic anhydride is octadecenyl succinic anhydride.

as a preferable technical scheme, the organic polybasic acid is citric acid.

as a preferable technical scheme, the silicate is fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether silicate.

As a preferable technical scheme, the fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether silicate is lauryl alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether silicate.

As a preferable technical scheme, the epoxy addition number of the lauryl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether in the lauryl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether silicate is 3-9.

The second aspect of the invention provides a preparation method of a breathable and warm-keeping aerogel composite fabric, which comprises the following steps:

(1) mixing polyester fiber, viscose fiber and bamboo charcoal fiber to form mixed fiber, and placing the whole roll in a normal pressure container;

(2) injecting the silicon dioxide aerogel precursor into a normal-pressure container by using a glue injection pump, fully soaking the mixed fibers in the step (1), gelling the silicon dioxide aerogel precursor in gaps of the mixed fibers to obtain a wet gel composite material, and continuously aging the gel composite material for 24-36 h;

(3) adding the modified chitosan, silicate ester and finishing agent into the aged gel composite material obtained in the step (2), and fully stirring the mixture for 36-48 h;

(4) And (4) transferring the composite material obtained in the step (3) into a supercritical drying kettle, drying at the temperature of 45-65 ℃, under the drying pressure of 10-15MPa for 12-24h, and then weaving to obtain the breathable and warm-keeping aerogel composite fabric.

has the advantages that: the invention provides a breathable and warm-keeping aerogel composite fabric, which is a light and thin breathable and warm-keeping fabric prepared by blending polyester fibers, viscose fibers, bamboo charcoal fibers and silicon dioxide aerogel precursors and adding citric acid, C8-C20 succinic anhydride modified chitosan and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether silicate, and has the advantages of solving the problems of easiness in moisture absorption and swelling, easiness in fluffing and pilling, poor breathability, poor elasticity and the like of the fabric and having excellent antibacterial and antistatic effects.

Detailed Description

The technical features of the technical solutions provided by the present invention are further clearly and completely described below with reference to the specific embodiments, and the scope of protection is not limited thereto.

the words "preferred", "more preferred", and the like, in the present invention refer to embodiments of the invention that may provide certain benefits, under certain circumstances. However, other embodiments may be preferred, under the same or other circumstances. Furthermore, the recitation of one or more preferred embodiments does not imply that other embodiments are not useful, nor is it intended to exclude other embodiments from the scope of the invention.

the term "prepared from …" as used herein is synonymous with "comprising". The terms "comprises," "comprising," "includes," "including," "has," "having," "contains," "containing," or any other variation thereof, as used herein, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a composition, process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements is not necessarily limited to only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such composition, process, method, article, or apparatus.

The singular forms "a", "an" and "the" include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. "optional" or "any" means that the subsequently described event or events may or may not occur, and that the description includes instances where the event occurs and instances where it does not.

in order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a breathable and warm-keeping aerogel composite fabric, which at least comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-80 parts of polyester fiber, 10-30 parts of viscose fiber, 5-20 parts of bamboo charcoal fiber, 5-15 parts of silicon dioxide aerogel precursor, 3-10 parts of modified chitosan, 2-8 parts of silicate ester and 1-3 parts of finishing agent.

In a preferred embodiment, the breathable and warm-keeping aerogel composite fabric at least comprises the following components in parts by weight: 65 parts of polyester fiber, 20 parts of viscose fiber, 13 parts of bamboo charcoal fiber, 10 parts of silicon dioxide aerogel precursor, 7 parts of modified chitosan, 5 parts of silicate ester and 2 parts of finishing agent.

Polyester fiber

in the invention, the polyester fiber, commonly called as "terylene", is a synthetic fiber obtained by spinning polyester formed by polycondensation of organic dibasic acid and dihydric alcohol, and belongs to a high molecular compound. The polyester fiber has a series of excellent properties, such as high breaking strength and elastic modulus, moderate rebound resilience, excellent heat setting effect, and good heat resistance and light resistance. Polyester fibers have a melting point of about 255 ℃ and a glass transition temperature of about 70 ℃, are stable in shape under a wide range of end-use conditions, and are widely used for clothing and industrial purposes because they have excellent resistance (e.g., resistance to organic solvents, soaps, detergents, bleaching solutions, and oxidizing agents) and corrosion resistance, and are stable to weak acids and alkalis.

in the present invention, the polyester fiber is not particularly limited, and may include: polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) fiber, polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT) fiber, wholly aromatic polyester fiber, and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fiber.

from the viewpoint of the preferable technical effect of the present invention, the polyester fiber is preferably 75D industrial polyester yarn, which can be purchased from Jiangsu Liyang industrial materials Co.

Viscose fiber

In the present invention, the Viscose fiber (Viscose) is a generic name of Viscose fiber, and is a cellulose fiber obtained by extracting and remolding fiber molecules from natural wood cellulose using "wood" as a raw material. Viscose belongs to cellulose fiber. It is made up by using natural fibre (wood fibre, cotton linter) as raw material, through the processes of alkalization, ageing and sulfonation, etc., making soluble cellulose xanthate, then dissolving it in dilute alkali liquor to make viscose and making wet spinning.

In the present invention, the viscose fiber is not particularly limited, and may include: one or more of common viscose fiber, high wet modulus viscose fiber and high strength viscose fiber.

In view of the preferred technical effect of the present invention, the viscose is preferably viscose flock, which is commercially available from Shishi Union flocking, Inc.

Bamboo charcoal fiber

in the invention, the Bamboo Charcoal Fiber (Bamboo Charcoal Fiber) is also called Bamboo Charcoal velvet and Bamboo Charcoal cotton, and is a novel environment-friendly and health-care fabric. The bamboo charcoal fiber is prepared by taking bamboo as a raw material, adopting a new calcining process and a new technology of pure oxygen high temperature and nitrogen blocking time delay to enable micropores of the natural bamboo charcoal to be more refined and honeycombed, and then carrying out melt spinning on the bamboo charcoal and polyester modified slices with a honeycomb micropore structure trend.

In view of the preferable technical effect of the present invention, the bamboo charcoal fiber is preferably a bamboo charcoal fiber having a diameter of 0.6 μm to 1 μm, and may be purchased from Shanghai nan De textile technology Co., Ltd.

Silica aerogel precursor

In the invention, the silicon dioxide aerogel precursor refers to a raw material for synthesizing silicon dioxide aerogel.

in the invention, the silicon dioxide aerogel precursor is self-made and is sol prepared from tetraethoxysilane, absolute ethyl alcohol, water, ammonia water and ammonium fluoride.

In a preferred embodiment, the preparation steps of the silica aerogel precursor are as follows: adding ethyl orthosilicate, ethanol, water, ammonia water and ammonium fluoride sulfuric acid solution into a stainless steel stirring tank, uniformly mixing, and stirring for 10-20 minutes to obtain a silicon dioxide aerogel precursor;

The molar ratio of the ethyl orthosilicate to the absolute ethyl alcohol to the water to the ammonia water to the ammonium fluoride is 1: 10: 2.5 (1 × 10 ^-3) to (1 × 10 ^-4), the concentration of the ammonia water is 2mol/L, and the concentration of the ammonium fluoride sulfuric acid solution is 0.2 mol/L.

the inventor finds that polyester fiber is commonly used in the surface layer of the fabric, and a high-density weaving method is often needed to keep good heat retention performance of the fabric, but the high-density weaving method can cause poor air permeability of the fabric. The inventor finds that the thermal insulation performance of the fabric can be kept and the air permeability of the fabric can be kept through blending of the polyester fiber, the bamboo charcoal fiber, the viscose fiber and the silica aerogel precursor.

Modified chitosan

in the invention, the Chitosan (CTS), also called chitosan deacetylate, is obtained by deacetylating chitin (chitin) widely existing in the nature, and is chemically named as polyglucosamine (1-4) -2-amino-B-D glucose.

In the invention, the modified chitosan refers to modification of the chitosan in physical and chemical aspects by introducing chemical groups through a modification method. The chitosan modification technology mainly adopts alkylation, acylation, etherification, esterification, Shiff alkalization, quaternary ammonium salinization, graft copolymerization and other modes.

In a preferred embodiment, the modified chitosan is an organic polyacid, C6-C30 succinic anhydride modified chitosan.

In the present invention, the organic polybasic acid means an organic carboxylic acid containing three or more-COOH in its molecule.

in the invention, the C6-C30 succinic anhydride refers to succinic anhydride with 6-30 carbon atoms of a substituent group.

In a preferred embodiment, the method for preparing the modified chitosan comprises the following steps:

(1) weighing chitosan and organic polybasic acid, adding solvent, mixing, adding C6-C30 succinic anhydride, oscillating with ultrasonic wave in water bath at 30-40 deg.C, and stirring for 20-40min to obtain chitosan suspension;

(2) sealing and placing the chitosan suspension liquid for 8-16h at room temperature, drying the chitosan suspension liquid in an oven at the temperature of 40-60 ℃ to constant weight, and reacting the chitosan suspension liquid for 6-12h at the temperature of 110-; cooling to room temperature, adjusting the pH value of the suspension to 8.5-9.0 by using a hydroxide solution, reacting for 1-2h at 30-40 ℃, adjusting the pH value to 6.8 by using hydrochloric acid, centrifugally washing for 3-5 times by using an ethanol solution, centrifugally washing for 3-5 times by using absolute ethanol, and drying at room temperature to obtain modified chitosan;

The solvent is prepared from the following components in a volume ratio of 1: 1, a mixed solvent of anhydrous ethanol and water; the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 0.1 mol/L; the concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 0.1 mol/L; the ethanol solution is 70% ethanol water solution by volume fraction; the mass ratio of the chitosan to the solvent is 1: 15.

In a preferred embodiment, the mass ratio of the chitosan, the organic polyacid and the C6-C30 succinic anhydride is (3-5): 1: (0.35-0.5).

in a preferred embodiment, the mass ratio of the chitosan, the organic polyacid and the C6-C30 succinic anhydride is (3.5-4.5): 1: (0.4-0.45).

In a preferred embodiment, the mass ratio of the chitosan, the organic polyacid and the C6-C30 succinic anhydride is 4: 1: 0.43.

in the present invention, the C6-C30 succinic anhydride may include: linear, branched, aliphatic, and cyclic groups having a total amount of carbon atoms in the substituent of 6 to 30, in the case of branched groups having a total amount of carbon atoms in the substituent of 6 to 30, and in the case of cyclic groups having one or more of a total amount of carbon atoms in the substituent of 6 to 30.

In a preferred embodiment, the C6-C30 succinic anhydride is C8-C20 succinic anhydride.

the C8-C20 succinic anhydride comprises but is not limited to: octyl succinic anhydride, nonyl succinic anhydride, decyl succinic anhydride, dodecyl succinic anhydride, hexadecyl succinic anhydride, octadecyl succinic anhydride, octenyl succinic anhydride, nonenyl succinic anhydride, decenyl succinic anhydride, dodecenyl succinic anhydride, hexadecyl succinic anhydride, octadecenyl succinic anhydride, and mixtures thereof.

in a preferred embodiment, the C8-C20 succinic anhydride is C16-C18 succinic anhydride.

in the present invention, the C16-C18 succinic anhydride includes: one or more of hexadecyl succinic anhydride, octadecyl succinic anhydride, hexadecyl succinic anhydride and octadecenyl succinic anhydride.

The hexadecyl succinic anhydrides include linear and branched hexadecyl succinic anhydrides, and the linear hexadecyl succinic anhydrides can be exemplified by: n-hexadecylsuccinic anhydride, branched hexadecylsuccinic anhydride, there may be exemplified: 14-methylpentadecyl succinic anhydride, 13-methylpentadecyl succinic anhydride, 12-methylpentadecyl succinic anhydride, 11-methylpentadecyl succinic anhydride, 10-methylpentadecyl succinic anhydride, 9-methylpentadecyl succinic anhydride, 8-methylpentadecyl succinic anhydride, 7-methylpentadecyl succinic anhydride, 6-methylpentadecyl succinic anhydride, 5-methylpentadecyl succinic anhydride, 4-methylpentadecyl succinic anhydride, 3-methylpentadecyl succinic anhydride, 2-methylpentadecyl succinic anhydride, 1-methylpentadecyl succinic anhydride, 13-ethyltetradecyl succinic anhydride, 12-ethyltetradecyl succinic anhydride, 11-ethyltetradecyl succinic anhydride, 10-ethyltetradecyl succinic anhydride, 9-methylpentadecyl succinic anhydride, 8-methylpentadecyl succinic anhydride, 7-methylpentadecyl succinic anhydride, 6-, 9-ethyltetradecylsuccinic anhydride, 8-ethyltetradecylsuccinic anhydride, 7-ethyltetradecylsuccinic anhydride, 6-ethyltetradecylsuccinic anhydride, 5-ethyltetradecylsuccinic anhydride, 4-ethyltetradecylsuccinic anhydride, 3-ethyltetradecylsuccinic anhydride, 2-ethyltetradecylsuccinic anhydride, 1-ethyltetradecylsuccinic anhydride, 2-butyldodecylsuccinic anhydride, 1-hexyldecylsuccinic anhydride, 1-hexyl-2-decylsuccinic anhydride, 2-hexyldecylsuccinic anhydride, 6, 12-dimethyltetradecylsuccinic anhydride, 2-diethyldodecylsuccinic anhydride, 4,8, 12-trimethyltridecylsuccinic anhydride, 2,4,6, 8-pentamethylundecylsuccinic anhydride, 2-ethyl-4-methyl-2- (2-methylpentyl) -heptylsuccinic anhydride, 2-ethyl-4, 6-dimethyl-2-propylnonylsuccinic anhydride.

the octadecyl succinic anhydrides include linear and branched octadecyl succinic anhydrides, and the linear octadecyl succinic anhydrides may be exemplified by: n-octadecyl succinic anhydride, branched octadecyl succinic anhydride, there may be exemplified: 16-methylheptadecyl succinic anhydride, 15-methylheptadecyl succinic anhydride, 14-methylheptadecyl succinic anhydride, 13-methylheptadecyl succinic anhydride, 12-methylheptadecyl succinic anhydride, 11-methylheptadecyl succinic anhydride, 10-methylheptadecyl succinic anhydride, 9-methylheptadecyl succinic anhydride, 8-methylheptadecyl succinic anhydride, 7-methylheptadecyl succinic anhydride, 6-methylheptadecyl succinic anhydride, 5-methylheptadecyl succinic anhydride, 4-methylheptadecyl succinic anhydride, 3-methylheptadecyl succinic anhydride, 2-methylheptadecyl succinic anhydride, 1-methylheptadecyl succinic anhydride, 14-ethylhexadecyl succinic anhydride, 13-ethylhexadecyl succinic anhydride, methyl-substituted succinic anhydride, 12-ethylhexadecylsuccinic anhydride, 11-ethylhexadecylsuccinic anhydride, 10-ethylhexadecylsuccinic anhydride, 9-ethylhexadecylsuccinic anhydride, 8-ethylhexadecylsuccinic anhydride, 7-ethylhexadecylsuccinic anhydride, 6-ethylhexadecylsuccinic anhydride, 5-ethylhexadecylsuccinic anhydride, 4-ethylhexadecylsuccinic anhydride, 3-ethylhexadecylsuccinic anhydride, 2-ethylhexadecylsuccinic anhydride, 1-ethylhexadecylsuccinic anhydride, 2-hexyldodecylsuccinic anhydride, 2-heptylundecylsuccinic anhydride, isostearyl succinic anhydride, 1-octyl-2-decylsuccinic anhydride.

The hexadecenyl succinic anhydride includes linear and branched hexadecenyl succinic anhydrides, and the linear hexadecenyl succinic anhydride can be exemplified by: n-hexadecylsuccinic anhydride, 14-hexadecenyl succinic anhydride, 13-hexadecenyl succinic anhydride, 12-hexadecenyl succinic anhydride, 11-hexadecenyl succinic anhydride, 10-hexadecenyl succinic anhydride, 9-hexadecenyl succinic anhydride, 8-hexadecenyl succinic anhydride, 7-hexadecenyl succinic anhydride, 6-hexadecenyl succinic anhydride, 5-hexadecenyl succinic anhydride, 4-hexadecenyl succinic anhydride, 3-hexadecenyl succinic anhydride, 2-hexadecenyl succinic anhydride, and branched hexadecenyl succinic anhydrides may be exemplified by: 14-methyl-9-pentadecenyl succinic anhydride, 14-methyl-2-pentadecenyl succinic anhydride, 1-hexyl-2-decenyl succinic anhydride, isohexadecenyl succinic anhydride.

The octadecenyl succinic anhydride includes linear and branched octadecenyl succinic anhydrides, and the linear octadecenyl succinic anhydrides can be exemplified by: n-octadecenyl succinic anhydride, 16-octadecenyl succinic anhydride, 15-octadecenyl succinic anhydride, 14-octadecenyl succinic anhydride, 13-octadecenyl succinic anhydride, 12-octadecenyl succinic anhydride, 11-octadecenyl succinic anhydride, 10-octadecenyl succinic anhydride, 9-octadecenyl succinic anhydride, 8-octadecenyl succinic anhydride, 7-octadecenyl succinic anhydride, 6-octadecenyl succinic anhydride, 5-octadecenyl succinic anhydride, 4-octadecenyl succinic anhydride, 3-octadecenyl succinic anhydride, 2-octadecenyl succinic anhydride, and as branched octadecenyl succinic anhydrides, there can be exemplified: 16-methyl-9-heptadecenyl succinic anhydride, 16-methyl-7-heptadecenyl succinic anhydride, 1-octyl-2-decenyl succinic anhydride, isosteadecenyl succinic anhydride.

in a preferred embodiment, the C16-C18 succinic anhydride is octadecenyl succinic anhydride.

In a preferred embodiment, the octadecenyl succinic anhydride is n-octadecenyl succinic anhydride (CAS: 28777-98-2, available from Jiangsu Ming Sheng trade, LLC).

in the present invention, the organic polyacid may include: one or more of citric acid, 1,3, 5-benzenetricarboxylic acid, 1,2, 4-benzenetricarboxylic acid, 1,2, 3-benzenetricarboxylic acid, pyromellitic acid, naphthalenetetracarboxylic acid, butanetetracarboxylic acid and 3,3', 4' -biphenyltetracarboxylic acid.

In a preferred embodiment, the organic polyacid is citric acid.

The inventor of the application finds that the antibacterial property of the fabric can be improved by adopting the chitosan, but the chitosan in the fabric is easy to swell in the actual application process, so that the volume of the fabric is increased, and the washing is difficult. In the process of research, the inventor finds that the chitosan modified by citric acid and C8-C20 succinic anhydride improves the problems, and the inventor believes that the reaction of carboxyl in the middle of citric acid is hindered probably because the long molecular chain of the C8-C20 succinic anhydride has large steric hindrance, so that the carboxyl at the end of the citric acid molecule reacts with the hydroxyl of the chitosan to form an effective cross-linked network structure, and the swelling of the chitosan is inhibited. In addition, the inventor of the application also finds that the modified chitosan not only can overcome self swelling, but also can ensure the heat preservation effect of the silicon dioxide aerogel. The inventor thinks that the possible reason is that the modified chitosan can reduce the surface polarity of the fabric, the cross-linked grid structure can also increase the moisture permeable channel of the silicon dioxide aerogel, so that the water vapor can pass through the hydrophobic microporous channel to achieve the moisture conducting purpose, the water absorption of the silicon dioxide aerogel can be effectively avoided, the heat preservation effect of the silicon dioxide aerogel is ensured, and the fabric has the performances of antibiosis, heat preservation, moisture absorption swelling resistance and the like.

the inventors have surprisingly found that fabrics made with different C8-C20 succinic anhydride modified chitosans have different elasticity. When C16-C18 succinic anhydride is selected, the mass ratio of the chitosan to the citric acid to the C16-C18 succinic anhydride is (3-5): 1: (0.35-0.5), the elasticity of the fabric is highest, and the invention considers that the possible reason is that the chitosan modified by the modifier citric acid and the C16-C18 succinic anhydride can release an active group-COOH to play a role of a bridge, so that all components of the fabric can be effectively bonded together, the bonding degree of the fabric is improved, and the elasticity of the fabric is further improved. Meanwhile, the steric hindrance of the esterified molecular chain of the C16-C18 succinic anhydride is large, the acting force of hydrogen bonds among chitosan molecules is weakened, the structure of the chitosan is damaged, a cross-linking agent is easy to permeate into the interior to react with more molecules, the cross-linking degree is increased, the rigidity of the molecules is improved, the molecular chain extending outwards from the surface of the fabric prevents the molecules of the silicon dioxide aerogel from agglomerating, the dispersion degree of the silicon dioxide aerogel is increased, and the elasticity of the fabric is improved.

Silicic acid ester

In the present invention, the silicate, which is also referred to as an alkoxysilane, is a silicon-functional organosilicon compound having an alkoxy group directly bonded to a silicon atom and has a general formula of H _n Si (OR) _4-n.

in a preferred embodiment, the silicate is a fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether silicate.

in a preferred embodiment, the preparation method of the fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether silicate comprises the following steps:

(1) Respectively adding fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether and dimethyl dichlorosilane into a 250mL three-neck flask, heating to 40-60 ℃, and mixing and stirring for 2-4 h;

(2) Then slowly dropping ethyl orthosilicate into the three-neck flask, heating at 50-60 ℃, and stirring for 4-7 h. After the reaction is finished, heating to 70-90 ℃, evaporating the byproduct ethanol, connecting the reaction device with a pressure reduction device, heating the reactant to 50-60 ℃ while reducing the pressure, carrying out reduced pressure distillation, and evaporating unreacted raw materials until no fraction is distilled out, thus obtaining the product;

The mass ratio of the fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether to the ethyl orthosilicate to the dimethyldichlorosilane is (5-9): 1: (0.02-0.05).

In a preferred embodiment, the mass ratio of the fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether to the ethyl orthosilicate to the dimethyldichlorosilane is (6-8): 1: (0.03-0.04).

In a preferred embodiment, the mass ratio of the fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether to the ethyl orthosilicate to the dimethyldichlorosilane is 7: 1: 0.035.

in a preferred embodiment, the fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether silicate is lauryl alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether silicate.

In a preferred embodiment, the epoxy addition number of the lauryl polyoxyethylene ether in the lauryl polyoxyethylene ether silicate is 3 to 9.

In a preferred embodiment, the epoxy addition number of the lauryl polyoxyethylene ether in the lauryl polyoxyethylene ether silicate is 4 to 7.

In a preferred embodiment, the epoxy addition number of the lauryl polyoxyethylene ether in the lauryl polyoxyethylene ether silicate is 5.

In the present invention, the lauryl polyoxyethylene ether is commercially available from Yongjie cleaning materials, Inc. of Shenyang.

The inventor of the invention finds that the composite fabric blended by the polyester fiber, the bamboo charcoal fiber, the viscose fiber and the silicon dioxide aerogel precursor is a light, thin, breathable and warm fabric, but in the actual use process, the viscose fiber has small cohesive force and is fluffy, so that the fluffing and pilling phenomena of the fabric are serious, and the inventor effectively solves the fluffing and pilling problems of the fabric by adopting the fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether silicate. The inventor believes that the fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether silicate can react with the hydroxyl on the surface of the viscose cellulose and also react with the hydroxyl on the surface of the modified chitosan, so that the cohesive force of the viscose fiber is increased, and the anti-fluffing and anti-pilling effects are achieved. Furthermore, the inventor adopts the fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether silicate generated by the fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether silicate to react with the hydroxyl, and the by-product can also effectively solve the problems that the polyester fiber is easy to adsorb dust and has serious static electricity phenomenon. The inventor thinks that the possible reason is that polyester fiber has strong hydrophobicity and serious electrostatic phenomenon due to ester group, and the by-product generated in the reaction process of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether silicate with silicon dioxide aerogel and viscose forms percolation grids with conductive capability in the fabric in a spherical way, so that the static charges on the surface of the polyester fiber and in the polyester fiber body can be leaked, and the purpose of reducing the resistivity is achieved, thereby the fabric has the antistatic effect. Fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, ethyl orthosilicate and dimethyl dichlorosilane are adopted in a mass ratio of (6-8): 1: (0.03-0.04) the prepared fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether silicate has good stability, the highest tetraester content, the most formed percolation grids and the strongest antistatic effect, and further the surface of the fabric is kept not to adsorb dust.

the inventors have unexpectedly found that lauryl polyoxyethylene ether silicate is also advantageous in maintaining high porosity of silica aerogel, and that when lauryl polyoxyethylene ether has an ethylene oxide addition number of 3 to 9, the silica aerogel is best stabilized. The inventor thinks that the possible reason is that the hydrophilic group in the lauryl polyoxyethylene ether silicate is positioned in the middle of a molecular chain, the hydrophobic group is positioned at the tail end of the molecular chain, the hydrophilicity and the foaming capacity are both increased along with the increase of the addition number of ethylene oxide, and the foaming capacity is reduced along with the increase of the hydrophilicity, when the addition number of the ethylene oxide of the lauryl polyoxyethylene ether is 3-9, the hydrophilicity and the foaming capacity of the lauryl polyoxyethylene ether silicate are just favorable for forming high pores in the silicon dioxide aerogel, and the stability of the silicon dioxide aerogel can be kept, so that the fabric is ensured to have excellent heat preservation performance.

Finishing agent

In the present invention, the finish is a substance applied to the fabric which alters the properties of the fabric to impart specific functions to the fabric.

the finishing agent comprises: sodium hypophosphite, polyacrylate, sodium alginate, castor oil, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene, hydrophilic organic silicon softening agent, amino polysiloxane emulsion, hydrophilic amino organic silicon softening agent, magnesium chloride and one or more of polyurethane.

From the viewpoint of preferable practical effects of the present invention, the finishing agent is preferably a mixture of sodium alginate (purchased from southern mountain biotechnology limited, Qingdao) and sodium hypophosphite (7681-53-0 purchased from astron chemical limited, Suzhou) in a mass ratio of 2: 1.

The second aspect of the invention provides a preparation method of a breathable and warm-keeping aerogel composite fabric, which comprises the following steps:

(1) mixing polyester fiber, viscose fiber and bamboo charcoal fiber to form mixed fiber, and placing the whole roll in a normal pressure container;

(2) Injecting the silicon dioxide aerogel precursor into a normal-pressure container by using a glue injection pump, fully soaking the mixed fibers in the step (1), gelling the silicon dioxide aerogel precursor in gaps of the mixed fibers to obtain a wet gel composite material, and continuously aging the gel composite material for 24-36 h;

(3) adding the modified chitosan, silicate ester and finishing agent into the aged gel composite material obtained in the step (2), and fully stirring the mixture for 36-48 h;

(4) and (4) transferring the composite material obtained in the step (3) into a supercritical drying kettle, drying at the temperature of 45-65 ℃, under the drying pressure of 10-15MPa for 12-24h, and then weaving to obtain the breathable and warm-keeping aerogel composite fabric.

The present invention will be specifically described below by way of examples. It should be noted that the following examples are only for illustrating the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, and that the insubstantial modifications and adaptations of the present invention by those skilled in the art based on the above disclosure are still within the scope of the present invention.

in addition, the raw materials used are commercially available from national chemical reagents, unless otherwise specified.