阅读说明：本技术 一种绢丝粘胶混纺纱的筒纱染色工艺 (Cheese dyeing process of spun silk viscose blended yarn ) 是由 卢益新 于 2019-08-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种绢丝粘胶混纺纱的筒纱染色工艺,包括原坯把关、预缩处理、松纱络筒、碱洗漂色、染色、对样检验、固色/返修以及柔化定型等步骤；从染色的原坯纱开始把关,从源头控制染色质量。预缩处使待染色的纤维预收缩,再将其络成筒纱,解决其碱煮后变形严重,影响染色问题。松纱络筒是通过松纱机进行倒筒成型,一次性解决因筒纱络得过紧、密度过大而导致的染液不易扩散渗入和筒与筒之间大小、松紧不一致的问题。而且,本发明用水均是经过软化和过滤的纯水,配料时避免先了后水造成颜料结块,有效解决硬水离子及悬浮物在染色过程中在筒纱中过滤沉积造成的色花问题。(The invention discloses a bobbin yarn dyeing process of spun silk viscose blended yarn, which comprises the steps of raw blank closing, preshrinking treatment, loose yarn spooling, alkali washing bleaching, dyeing, sample checking, color fixing/repairing, softening and shaping and the like; the close is started from the dyed grey yarn, and the dyeing quality is controlled from the source. The preshrinking part preshrinks the fiber to be dyed and then winds the fiber into a cone yarn, so that the problem that the fiber is seriously deformed after being boiled in alkali and the dyeing is influenced is solved. The loose yarn bobbin is formed by rewinding through a loose yarn machine, and the problems that dye liquor is not easy to diffuse and permeate and the size and the tightness between bobbins are inconsistent due to the fact that bobbins are wound too tightly and the density is too large are solved at one time. In addition, the water used in the method is softened and filtered pure water, so that pigment agglomeration caused by water after water is avoided during proportioning, and the problem of color defect caused by filtering and depositing hard water ions and suspended matters in the cone yarns in the dyeing process is effectively solved.)

1. A bobbin yarn dyeing process of spun silk viscose blended yarn is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

s1: closing the blank: spun silk viscose raw blank blended yarns from a spinning workshop need to be subjected to quality detection to perform raw blank control, so that the influence on dyeing caused by the quality problem of raw blank yarns is prevented;

s2: pre-shrinking treatment: placing the spun silk viscose blended blank yarn subjected to the raw blank closing in the step S1 in steam at the temperature of 110-130 ℃ for cooking for 10-15 min, so that the blank yarn is pre-shrunk, soft and wet, and the phenomenon that the dyeing is influenced due to severe shrinkage and deformation after subsequent alkali cooking is avoided;

s3: loosening yarn and spooling: rewinding the spun silk viscose blended yarn subjected to the pre-shrinking treatment in the step S2 through a yarn loosening machine to form cone loosening yarns with constant specification and density and good tightness so as to facilitate the permeation of a dyeing solution;

s4: loading a cage: the wound loose cone yarn in the step S3 is arranged on a yarn cage according to the requirement, and is placed in a dyeing main cylinder for pre-dyeing treatment;

s5: alkali washing and bleaching: carrying out alkali washing bleaching on the loose cone yarn loaded in the dyeing main cylinder in the step S4, and then neutralizing and cleaning to obtain cone yarn to be dyed;

s6: dyeing: automatically pumping the dye in the material changing barrel into a main cylinder by a dyeing program, dyeing the yarn barrel prepared in the step S5 according to the set program, and controlling the dyeing temperature in the process so as to obtain the dyeing effect of level dyeing;

s7: and (3) sample checking: washing the dyed cone yarn in the step S6 with water and soaping, then performing sample matching, and detecting that colorless cotton defects exist;

s8: fixation/repair: adding a color fixing agent into the cone yarns qualified in the sample inspection in the step S7 to perform color fixing treatment, wherein the treatment temperature is 45 +/-5 ℃, and the treatment time is 30-40 min, so that the dyeing fastness is enhanced; returning the bobbin yarn which is not qualified in the sample inspection to the step S6 for dyeing and repairing, and then repeating the steps S7 and S8;

s9: softening and sizing: adding a softening agent and a smoothing agent into the cone yarn subjected to color fixing treatment in the step S8 at the temperature of 45 +/-5 ℃, and treating for 30-40 min to increase the softness and smoothness of the cone yarn; and further carrying out shaping treatment on the yarn, enhancing the color fastness and finally obtaining the dyed finished yarn.

2. The process for dyeing cone yarns of spun silk viscose blended yarns according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S3, the yarn loosening spooling comprises the steps of determining the arm pressure and the vehicle speed of the yarn loosening machine, determining the density of the loosened yarn and controlling the shape of the loosened yarn into a bobbin; the arm pressure is set according to experience, and then is adjusted according to the condition of pre-loosened cone yarn; the speed is determined according to the yarn count; the density of the loose yarn is 0.36-0.38 g/m³(ii) a The shape of the loose yarn tube is satisfactory and has no defects.

3. The process for dyeing cone yarns of spun silk viscose blended yarns according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S4, when the cage is loaded, the cage is loaded from bottom to top, the small opening of the yarn bobbin faces upward, the large opening of the yarn bobbin faces downward, the interfaces are correctly butted in place, and the movable sleeve needs to be removed and then the sleeve is installed when the upper layer is insufficient.

4. The process for dyeing cone yarns of spun silk viscose blended yarns according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S5, the alkaline bleaching includes the following substeps:

1) alkali washing: adding a chelating agent, a penetrating agent, caustic soda and hydrogen peroxide into a standby cylinder with water, uniformly mixing, pumping into a main cylinder, carrying out alkali washing bleaching treatment on the cone yarn at the treatment temperature of 80 +/-5 ℃ for 45min, and then discharging liquid at high temperature;

2) washing with water: keeping the temperature at 80 +/-5 ℃, introducing pure water into the main cylinder to clean the cone yarns, treating for 5-10 min, and then discharging liquid;

3) neutralizing: introducing pure water into the main cylinder again, adding acetic acid to neutralize alkali liquor remained on the cone yarns, controlling the neutralizing treatment temperature to be 65 +/-5 ℃, treating for 5-10 min, and then discharging liquid;

4) and (3) washing with water again: and introducing pure water into the main cylinder again, and rinsing the cone yarn at the rinsing temperature of 45 ℃ for 10min to obtain the cone yarn to be dyed.

5. The process for cone dyeing of spun silk viscose blended yarns according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: all water used for alkali washing, bleaching, dyeing, color fixing and setting is softened and filtered pure water.

6. The process for dyeing cone yarns of spun silk viscose blended yarns according to claim 5, wherein the dyeing process comprises the following steps: the softening method of the pure water is non-precipitation type softening agent treatment.

7. The process for dyeing cone yarns of spun silk viscose blended yarns according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S6, the temperature of the dyeing process is controlled as follows: controlling the initial dyeing temperature to be 60 ℃, then naturally heating, and raising the temperature by 3-5 ℃ per minute until the temperature is raised to 100 ℃; then, a stage heating method is adopted, and the heating speed is adjusted to be 1 ℃/min or 2 ℃/min until the temperature is raised to 130 ℃.

8. The process for dyeing cone yarns of spun silk viscose blended yarns according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S6, when the dye is prepared, warm water of 40 +/-5 ℃ is firstly put into a material melting barrel, then the dye is removed, stirred and dispersed, then the auxiliary agent is added at high temperature, and the mixture is continuously stirred and uniformly mixed.

9. The process for dyeing cone yarns of spun silk viscose blended yarns according to claim 8, wherein the dyeing process comprises the following steps: the stirring speed for stirring and dispersing the dye is 2500-3000 rpm, and the stirring time is 5-10 min; the temperature of the added auxiliary agent is controlled to be 60 ℃, the stirring and mixing speed is 1000-1500 rpm, and the stirring time is 5-10 min.

10. The process for dyeing cone yarns of spun silk viscose blended yarns according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S9, the sizing treatment is to add NaOH, sodium hydrosulfite and detergent for treatment for 15min at 80 ℃, and then to discharge the squeezing water to obtain finished yarn.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a bobbin yarn dyeing process, in particular to a bobbin yarn dyeing process of spun silk viscose blended yarns.

Technical Field

Spun silk viscose blended yarn is formed by blending spun silk and viscose yarn according to a certain proportion. The spun silk knitted fabric is expensive, rich in luster, firm and smooth, and has the advantages of toughness, wear resistance and good moisture absorption and air permeability when being made into clothes, but the defect is obvious, namely the spun silk knitted fabric is easy to fluff and turn yellow, and the surface of the spun silk knitted fabric is easy to generate water stain. Therefore, spun silk is often blended or interwoven with other fibers to improve the quality of the fabric. The viscose yarn is made of viscose staple fibers, has good hygroscopicity, is comfortable to wear, has excellent spinnability, can solve the problems by blending with spun silk, and can obtain yarns with better hygroscopicity, better air permeability and good drapability; the yarn fabric is made into clothes and is very popular in the markets at home and abroad.

Cone dyeing is a great trend in the development of yarn dyeing. At present, many domestic knitting, yarn-weaving and yarn-making enterprises purchase cone yarn dyeing machines from countries and regions such as Germany, Spain, hong Kong and the like to carry out cone yarn dyeing. The quality of dyed yarns of all enterprises is not ideal throughout, and is mainly caused by immature dyeing process and application technology. The problems of color shift and color difference mainly exist in the existing cone yarn dyeing. The reason for the formation of the color pattern is that the color difference of the inner layer and the outer layer of the cheese is larger, the color of the inner layer and the color of the outer layer are darker, and the color of the middle layer is lighter and is likely to be exposed to be white; the color difference refers to the color difference between the same cylinder dyeing cone yarn batches and the color difference between the cylinders.

The problems of color shift and color difference are mainly analyzed and caused by the following reasons: 1) after being affected by humidity and boiled by caustic soda, the fiber shrinks, the cone yarn shrinks, and the dye solution cannot permeate uniformly; 2) the bobbin yarn is wound too tightly, so that dye liquor is difficult to permeate, and the color of the bobbin yarn is inconsistent in the dyeing process; 3) the bobbin yarn has overlarge winding density, and dye liquor is not easy to diffuse and permeate to form color patterns; 4) the water hardness is too high or suspended matters exist, and the water is filtered and deposited in the cone yarns in the dyeing process, so that the color difference of the inner layer and the outer layer of the dyeing is caused. 5) The sizes and the tightness of the bobbins are different, although the weight of each bobbin is the same, the radiuses of cheese layers are different, and the gram weight of each bobbin per cubic centimeter is different, so that the color patterns of the bobbins and the bobbins are formed in the same cylinder dyeing. Secondly, the pump lift and the flow of the dyeing machine are controlled; the dispersion degree and concentration of the dye; the temperature control during dyeing and the subsequent color fastness treatment have influence on the color of the finished yarn. To solve the problems, the proper parameters of lift, flow, temperature and the like are determined through repeated tests, and the dyeing process is optimized step by step to obtain more ideal yarn quality.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems of the existing cone yarn dyeing process, the invention optimizes the original cone yarn dyeing process through repeated experiments of small samples, medium samples and production so as to solve the problems of color spots and color difference of the existing cone yarn dyed yarns. Therefore, the invention provides a bobbin yarn dyeing process of spun silk viscose blended yarn, which has the following specific technical scheme:

a bobbin yarn dyeing process of spun silk viscose blended yarn comprises the following steps:

s1: closing the blank: spun silk viscose raw blank blended yarns from a spinning workshop need to be subjected to quality detection to perform raw blank control, so that the influence on dyeing caused by the quality problem of raw blank yarns is prevented;

s2: pre-shrinking treatment: treating the spun silk viscose blended blank yarn subjected to the raw blank closing in the step S1 in steam at the temperature of 110-130 ℃ for 10-15 min for pre-shrinking treatment, so that the spun silk viscose blended blank yarn is soft and wet in advance and shrinks in advance, and the phenomenon that the spun silk viscose blended blank yarn is seriously shrunk and deformed to influence coloring after meeting strong alkali is avoided;

s3: loosening yarn and spooling: rewinding the spun silk viscose blended yarn subjected to the pre-shrinking treatment in the step S2 through a yarn loosening machine to form cone loosening yarns with constant specification and density and good tightness so as to facilitate the permeation of a dyeing solution;

s4: loading a cage: the wound loose cone yarn in the step S3 is arranged on a yarn cage according to the requirement, and is placed in a dyeing main cylinder for pre-dyeing treatment; when the cage is installed, the cage is installed from bottom to top, the small opening of the yarn drum faces upwards, the large opening of the yarn drum faces downwards, the interfaces are correctly butted in place, the yarn drum cannot be cut and installed reversely, and the movable sleeve needs to be removed and then the sleeve is installed when the upper layer is insufficient. When the bobbin is loaded, the bobbin needs to be lightly taken and placed, so that the bobbin is prevented from freely falling to cause damage to the end face of the bobbin body; after the cloth is assembled, the compression screws are compressed, and whether the leaning rods exist or not is checked, so that the problems of dye leakage and white knots formed on the cloth surface are solved.

S5: alkali washing and bleaching: the cone yarn loaded in the main dyeing cylinder in step S4 is subjected to alkali washing and bleaching. Firstly, adding a chelating agent, a penetrating agent, caustic soda and hydrogen peroxide into a standby cylinder containing pure water, uniformly mixing, pumping into a main cylinder, carrying out alkali washing bleaching treatment on the cone yarn at the treatment temperature of 80 +/-5 ℃ for 45min, and then discharging liquid at high temperature; keeping the temperature at 80 +/-5 ℃, introducing pure water into the main cylinder to clean the cone yarn, treating for 5-10 min, and then discharging liquid; then introducing pure water into the main cylinder again, adding acetic acid to neutralize alkali liquor remained on the cone yarns, controlling the neutralization treatment temperature to be 65 +/-5 ℃, treating for 5-10 min, and then discharging liquid; and finally, introducing pure water into the main cylinder again, rinsing the cone yarn at the rinsing temperature of 45 ℃ for 10min, and obtaining the cone yarn to be dyed, wherein all the water used in the step is the softened and filtered pure water.

S6: dyeing: automatically pumping the dye in the material changing barrel into a main cylinder by a dyeing program, dyeing the yarn barrel prepared in the step S5 according to the set program, and controlling the dyeing temperature in the process so as to obtain the dyeing effect of level dyeing; controlling the initial dyeing temperature to be 60 ℃, then naturally heating, and raising the temperature by 3-5 ℃ per minute until the temperature is raised to 100 ℃; then, a stage heating method is adopted, and the heating speed is adjusted to be 1 ℃/min or 2 ℃/min until the temperature is raised to 130 ℃. When the dye is prepared, warm water with the temperature of 40 +/-5 ℃ is firstly put into a material melting cylinder, then the dye is removed, and the dye is stirred and dispersed, wherein the stirring speed is 2500-3000 rpm, and the stirring time is 5-10 min; then, the temperature is raised to 60 ℃, the auxiliary agent is added, and the mixture is stirred at the rotating speed of 1000-1500 rpm for 5-10 min and uniformly mixed. Instead of adding water into the dye for size mixing, the water is easy to agglomerate, insoluble dye particles are suspended in a dye bath, defects such as deep spots, color stains and the like are easy to cause during dyeing, the water used for preparing the ingredients is also pure water after softening and filtering, and the softening method is preferably treated by using a non-precipitation type softening agent, so that no precipitation and scaling exist in the water, and the alkalinity of the water is not increased. If the amount of non-precipitating softeners is sufficient, they dissolve the soap coagulated particles over a period of time, facilitating the dyeing.

S7: and (3) sample checking: washing the dyed cone yarn in the step S6 with water and soaping, then performing sample matching, and detecting that colorless cotton defects exist; and (4) the qualified dyed cone yarn enters a color fixing step, the unqualified cone yarn is repaired, and the temperature is increased after the unqualified cone yarn is forbidden to be cooled.

S8: fixation/repair: adding a color fixing agent into the cone yarn qualified in the sample inspection in the step S7 for color fixing treatment, wherein the treatment temperature is 45 +/-5 ℃, and the treatment time is 30-40 min, so that the color fastness is enhanced; returning the bobbin yarn which is not qualified to the step S6 for dyeing and repairing, and then repeating the steps S7 and S8;

s9: softening and sizing: adding a softening agent and a smoothing agent into the cone yarn subjected to color fixing treatment in the step S8 at the temperature of 45 +/-5 ℃, and treating for 30-40 min to increase the softness and smoothness of the cone yarn; and further carrying out shaping treatment, adding NaOH, sodium hydrosulfite and a detergent at 80 ℃ for treatment for 15min, then discharging squeezing water, enhancing the color fastness, and finally obtaining dyed finished yarn.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention starts from the dyed grey yarn and controls the dyeing quality from the source. The fiber to be dyed is contracted under the influence of humidity through the pre-contraction part and then is wound into a cone yarn, so that the problem that the dyeing quality is influenced due to serious deformation after alkali boiling is solved. The loose yarn winding is formed by rewinding through a loose yarn machine, the arm pressure, the vehicle speed and the density and the shape of the loose yarn are determined through a plurality of tests, the wound bobbin yarn is consistent in specification, proper in tightness, uniform in density and regular in shape, and the problems that dye liquor is not easy to diffuse and permeate and the size and the tightness between bobbins are inconsistent due to the fact that the bobbin yarn is wound too tightly and the density is too large are solved at one time. In addition, the ingredients and the cleaning water are pure water after softening and filtering, so that pigment agglomeration caused by water after softening is avoided during ingredient preparation, and the problem of color difference of the dyed inner layer and the dyed outer layer caused by filtering and depositing hard water ions and suspended matters in the cone yarns in the dyeing process is effectively solved.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments.