阅读说明：本技术 一种低频超声波-碱回收的亚麻籽仁脱毒方法 (Low-frequency ultrasonic-alkali recovery flaxseed kernel detoxification method ) 是由 赵东宇 章婷 田万平 邹桂莲 刘文希 童靖雯 于 2019-08-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种低频超声波-碱回收的亚麻籽仁脱毒方法。本发明的脱毒方法包括以下步骤：将亚麻籽仁置于密闭的超声波水浴锅中进行低频超声脱毒,同时将超声波水浴锅产生的气体抽出并通入碱回收装置中,低频超声脱毒结束后,取出亚麻籽仁清洗、干燥,获得脱毒后的亚麻籽仁。本发明采用低频超声和碱回收相结合的方法,具有脱毒效率高,绿色安全无污染等优点,能够有效降低亚麻籽仁营养成分的流失。(The invention discloses a method for detoxifying flaxseed kernels by low-frequency ultrasonic-alkali recovery. The detoxification method of the invention comprises the following steps: and (2) placing the flaxseed kernels in a closed ultrasonic water bath for low-frequency ultrasonic detoxification, simultaneously extracting gas generated by the ultrasonic water bath and introducing the gas into an alkali recovery device, and after the low-frequency ultrasonic detoxification is finished, taking out the flaxseed kernels, cleaning and drying the flaxseed kernels to obtain the detoxified flaxseed kernels. The method of the invention combines low-frequency ultrasound and alkali recovery, has the advantages of high detoxification efficiency, environmental protection, safety, no pollution and the like, and can effectively reduce the loss of nutritional ingredients of the flaxseed kernels.)

1. The method for detoxifying the flaxseed kernels by low-frequency ultrasonic-alkali recovery is characterized by comprising the following steps of: and (2) placing the flaxseed kernels in a closed ultrasonic water bath for low-frequency ultrasonic detoxification, simultaneously extracting gas generated by the ultrasonic water bath and introducing the gas into an alkali recovery device, and after the low-frequency ultrasonic detoxification is finished, taking out the flaxseed kernels, cleaning and drying the flaxseed kernels to obtain the detoxified flaxseed kernels.

2. The method for detoxifying flax seed kernel by using low-frequency ultrasonic wave-alkali recovery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic wave power is 200-500w, frequency: 20 or 30kHz, on/off time: 180s/30 s.

3. The method for detoxifying flax seed kernel using low frequency ultrasound-base recovery as claimed in claim 1 wherein the temperature of the water bath is 35-55 ℃.

4. The method for detoxifying flax seed kernels through low-frequency ultrasonic-alkali recovery according to claim 1, wherein the low-frequency ultrasonic detoxification time is 3-4 h.

5. The method for detoxifying flax seed kernel using low frequency ultrasound-alkali recovery as claimed in claim 1 wherein said alkali recovery means is a vessel loaded with alkali solution.

6. The method for detoxifying flax seed kernel using low frequency ultrasound-alkali recovery as claimed in claim 1 wherein said alkali solution is sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide solution.

7. The method for detoxifying flax seed kernel through low frequency ultrasonic-alkali recovery as claimed in claim 1 wherein said alkali solution has a concentration of 2-3 mol/L.

8. The method for detoxifying flax seed kernels through low frequency ultrasonic-alkali recovery according to claim 1, wherein gases generated by ultrasound are pumped out through a suction vacuum pump.

9. The method for detoxifying low frequency ultrasonic-alkali recovered flaxseed kernels according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic water bath, the vacuum pump and the alkali recovery device are connected through a conduit.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of food processing, and particularly relates to a method for detoxifying flaxseed kernels by low-frequency ultrasonic-alkali recovery.

Background

Flax, also known as flax, is one of ten oil crops in the world and is widely distributed in many countries and regions. Flaxseed contains various functional active ingredients, such as alpha-linolenic acid, omega-3 unsaturated fatty acid, flax diglycoside, flavonoid, lignan and the like, flaxseed oil is vegetable oil with the highest omega-3 content in land, is called liquid gold due to the importance to the body, and can supplement the brain by eating walnuts, and the walnuts are rich in omega-3 and metabolites thereof. In addition, the linseed kernel also has certain efficacies of resisting cancer, viruses and thrombus, reducing blood fat, improving skin and arthritis and the like, so the linseed kernel is an excellent health-care food. However, the kernels of the linseed contains a toxic substance, namely cyanogenic glucoside, the cyanogenic glucoside does not have toxicity, but can react with coexisting beta-glucosidase to generate alpha-cyanhydrin under a proper condition, the alpha-cyanhydrin is extremely unstable and is naturally decomposed into corresponding ketone, aldehyde compounds and hydrogen cyanide, and the hydrogen cyanide is a highly toxic gas, which is the principle of edible fresh linseed poisoning.

The existing flaxseed detoxification method comprises a water boiling method (removal rate: 96.81%), a microwave heating method (removal rate: 89.64%), a solvent method (removal rate: 84.42%) and the like. For example, in the literature, "progress in research on cyanogenic glycosides of flax seeds" (J "), a method for removing cyanogenic glycosides is disclosed, in which a boiling process is employed, sufficient water is used to make glycosidase exert sufficient efficacy, and finally cyanogenic glycosides are converted into hydrogen cyanide and released, but the way of water entering flax seed kernels in the process is natural penetration, which has the disadvantages of slow reaction and incomplete reaction, and on the other hand, nutritional components in flax seed kernels are easily lost by boiling at high temperature. In addition, the microwave heating method has low detoxification efficiency, and the solvent method may generate harmful solvent residues. In addition, the direct discharge of hydrogen cyanide gas in the detoxification process not only affects the physical health of experimenters, but also causes atmospheric pollution.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for detoxifying flaxseed kernels by low-frequency ultrasonic-alkali recovery. The method of the invention combines low-frequency ultrasound and alkali recovery, has the advantages of high detoxification efficiency, environmental protection, safety, no pollution and the like, and can effectively reduce the loss of nutritional ingredients of the flaxseed kernels.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

A method for detoxifying flaxseed kernels by low-frequency ultrasonic-alkali recovery comprises the following steps: and (2) placing the flaxseed kernels in a closed ultrasonic water bath for low-frequency ultrasonic detoxification, simultaneously extracting gas generated by the ultrasonic water bath and introducing the gas into an alkali recovery device, and after the low-frequency ultrasonic detoxification is finished, taking out the flaxseed kernels, cleaning and drying the flaxseed kernels to obtain the detoxified flaxseed kernels.

Further, in the above method, the ultrasonic power is 200-: 20 or 30KHz, on/off time: 180s/30 s.

Further, in the above method, the temperature of the water bath is 35-55 ℃.

Further, in the method, the low-frequency ultrasonic detoxification time is 3-4 h.

Further, in the above method, the alkali recovery device is a container loaded with an alkali solution.

Further, in the above method, the alkali solution is a sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide solution; preferably, the concentration of the alkali solution is 2 to 3 mol/L.

Further, in the above method, the gas generated by the ultrasound is extracted by a suction filtration vacuum pump.

Further, in the above method, the ultrasonic water bath, the suction filtration vacuum pump and the alkali recovery device are connected by a conduit.

The invention has the following technical characteristics:

1) According to the method, the linseed kernels are detoxified by adopting the low-frequency ultrasonic waves, on one hand, the existence of the ultrasonic waves can promote the mass transfer effect between the linseed kernels and water, more water enters the tissue of the linseed kernels, so that glycosidase can be brought into full play, the conversion and release of cyanogenic glucoside to hydrogen cyanide are promoted, on the other hand, the ultrasonic waves can assist the enzymatic reaction, and the detoxification efficiency is further improved.

2) The invention quickly pumps out hydrogen cyanide gas generated in the ultrasonic water bath, avoids the suppression effect on the detoxification reaction due to the overhigh concentration of the hydrogen cyanide gas in the water bath, and simultaneously avoids the secondary pollution caused by the dissolution of the hydrogen cyanide in water.

3) the invention is provided with the alkali recovery device, thereby avoiding atmospheric pollution and ensuring the personal safety of operators.

4) The method has the advantages that the removal rate of cyanogenic glucoside in the flaxseed kernels is more than 98 percent, the detoxification reaction is efficient and thorough, and the nutritional ingredients in the flaxseed kernels are well reserved due to low reaction temperature.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a detoxification apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the invention without any inventive step, are within the scope of protection of the invention.

Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.

The schematic diagram of the detoxification device adopted by the detoxification method of the linseed kernel is shown in figure 1, and the detoxification device comprises an ultrasonic water bath 1, a suction filtration vacuum pump 2 and an alkali recovery device 3 which are communicated through a conduit. The ultrasonic water bath pot 1 is used for low-frequency ultrasonic detoxification of flaxseed kernels; the suction filtration vacuum pump 2 is used for pumping out the gas generated by the ultrasonic water bath kettle 1 and introducing the gas into the alkali recovery device 3; the alkali recovery device 3 is used for neutralizing hydrogen cyanide gas generated in the detoxification process. Wherein, the water in the ultrasonic water bath kettle 1 is pure water, and the water level is required to be ensured to be higher than that of the linseed kernel, so that the linseed kernel can be fully detoxified.

A method for detoxifying flaxseed kernels comprises the following steps: and (2) placing the flaxseed kernels in a closed ultrasonic water bath for low-frequency ultrasonic detoxification, simultaneously extracting gas generated by the ultrasonic water bath and introducing the gas into an alkali recovery device, and after the low-frequency ultrasonic detoxification is finished, taking out the flaxseed kernels, cleaning and drying the flaxseed kernels to obtain the detoxified flaxseed kernels.