阅读说明：本技术 秸秆切碎还田机的组合甩刀 (Combined flail knife of straw cutting and returning machine ) 是由 徐礼超 徐迎轩 陈勇 胡晓明 刘永臣 张锐 于 2021-08-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种秸秆切碎还田机的组合甩刀,该组合甩刀的光滑刃形成线型刀刃线,锯齿刃形成垂直于线型刀刃线的锯齿型刀刃线,两种刀刃线类型交替排布,可兼顾切割处于横向、纵向状态的秸秆,提高秸秆切碎合格率。同时,L型刀与直刀相对位置的刃线类型不同,以便充分利用锯齿型刀刃线在切碎秸秆时起到的一定支撑作用,方便切碎秸秆,进一步提升切割效率,降低动力消耗。L型刀与直刀的两侧面对称设置扰流板,转动时产生气流,有利于捡拾、切碎与抛撒秸秆。刀肩部分设置的弧形刃线增加了甩刀切割秸秆时间,且降低了切割阻力。光滑刃和锯齿刃交替排布的布局方式,也克服了单一线型刀刃线刀刃易损坏的缺陷,延长刀具使用寿命。(The invention discloses a combined flail knife of a straw chopping and returning machine, wherein a smooth edge of the combined flail knife forms a linear knife edge line, a serrated knife forms a serrated knife edge line vertical to the linear knife edge line, the two knife edge line types are alternately arranged, the straw in a transverse and longitudinal state can be cut at the same time, and the qualified rate of straw chopping is improved. Meanwhile, the types of the blade lines at the opposite positions of the L-shaped knife and the straight knife are different, so that a certain supporting effect of the sawtooth-shaped blade lines is fully utilized when the straw is cut up, the straw is cut up conveniently, the cutting efficiency is further improved, and the power consumption is reduced. Spoilers are symmetrically arranged on two side faces of the L-shaped knife and the straight knife, and air flow is generated during rotation, so that the straw picking, chopping and throwing are facilitated. The arc-shaped edge line arranged on the knife shoulder part increases the straw cutting time of the flail knife and reduces the cutting resistance. The layout mode of alternately arranging the smooth blades and the sawtooth blades also overcomes the defect that the single linear blade line blade is easy to damage, and prolongs the service life of the cutter.)

1. A combined flail knife of a straw cutting and returning machine is characterized by comprising two L-shaped knives (1) which are respectively bent towards opposite directions and a straight knife (2) which is arranged between the two L-shaped knives (1) and is opposite to the two L-shaped knives by a knife surface;

the L-shaped cutter (1) and the straight cutter (2) both comprise a cutter handle (3), a cutter body (4) connected with the cutter handle (3) and a cutting edge arranged at the edge of the cutter body (4); the cutting edge comprises smooth cutting edges (5) and sawtooth cutting edges (6) which are alternately arranged, the cutting edge of each smooth cutting edge (5) extends along the length direction of the edge of the cutter body (4), each sawtooth cutting edge (6) comprises a plurality of sawtooth cutting edge units, the cutting edge of each sawtooth cutting edge unit extends along the thickness direction of the edge of the cutter body (4), and the sawtooth cutting edge units are arranged in a sawtooth shape along the length direction of the edge of the cutter body (4) to form the sawtooth cutting edges (6);

and viewed along the thickness direction, the smooth edge (5) and the serrated edge (6) of the straight knife (2) are arranged in a staggered manner relative to the smooth edge (5) and the serrated edge (6) of the L-shaped knife (1).

2. The combined flail knife of a straw chopping and returning machine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the edge of the knife body (4) and the cutting edge are symmetrical about the middle plane of the width of the knife body (4), and the cutting edge protrudes outwards from the edge of the knife body (4) with a uniform height.

3. The combined flail knife of a straw chopping and returning machine as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the knife body (4) comprises a shoulder portion (41), an intermediate portion (42) and a tip portion (43); the tool shoulder part (41) is connected with the tool handle (3), and the edges of the two sides of the tool shoulder part extend in a circular arc curve; the middle part (42) is connected to the tail end of the tool shoulder part (41); the blade tip part (43) is connected to the end of the middle part (42), and the edge of the blade tip part is in a circular arc shape.

4. The combined flail knife of a straw chopping and returning machine as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the width of the knife body (4) gradually narrows from the shoulder portion (41) to the tip portion (43).

5. The combined flail knife of the straw chopping and returning machine as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the cutting edge of the L-shaped knife (1) comprises a first arc-shaped sawtooth edge (61), a first straight line smooth edge (51), a first straight line saw tooth edge (62) and a first arc-shaped smooth edge (52) which are sequentially arranged from the shoulder portion (41) to the tip portion (43); first arc sawtooth edge (61) are arranged the both sides edge of sword shoulder portion (41), first straight line smooth edge (51) and first straight line saw tooth edge (62) are arranged the both sides edge of mid portion (42), first arc smooth edge (52) include first straight section (521), bend segment (522), second straight section (523) and circular arc section (524), first straight section (521), bend segment (522) and second straight section (523) all arrange the both sides edge of mid portion (42), circular arc section (524) are arranged the edge of sword tip portion (43).

6. The combined flail knife of the straw chopping and returning machine as claimed in claim 3, wherein the cutting edge of the straight knife (2) comprises a second arc-shaped smooth edge (53), a second straight line sawtooth edge (63), a second straight line smooth edge (54) and a second arc-shaped sawtooth edge (64) which are sequentially arranged from the shoulder portion (41) to the tip portion (43); the second arc-shaped smooth edges (53) are disposed at both side edges of the shoulder portion (41), the second straight serrated edges (63) and the second straight smooth edges (54) are disposed at both side edges of the middle portion (42), and the second arc-shaped serrated edges (64) are disposed at an edge of the tip portion (43).

7. The combined flail knife of a straw chopping and returning machine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the L-shaped knife (1) has two linear spoilers (7) protruding from the knife surface, and the two linear spoilers (7) are symmetrically arranged on two side surfaces of the knife body (4).

8. The combined flail knife of a straw chopping and returning machine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the straight knife (2) has two continuous arc spoilers (8) protruding from the knife surface, and the two continuous arc spoilers (8) are symmetrically arranged on two side surfaces of the knife body (4).

9. The combined flail knife of the straw chopping and returning machine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the inclined surfaces at both sides of the cutting edge of the smooth edge (5) are symmetrical about the middle plane of the thickness of the knife body (4).

10. The combined flail knife of the straw chopping and returning machine as claimed in claim 1, characterized by further comprising a knife holder (9), wherein the knife holder (9) comprises a bracket (10), a pin shaft (11) arranged on the bracket (10) and a spacer bush (12) arranged on the pin shaft (11); the cutter is characterized in that a pin hole (31) is formed in the cutter handle (3), and the L-shaped cutter (1) and the straight cutter (2) are installed on the pin shaft (11) through the respective pin holes (31) and are mutually spaced through the spacer sleeve (12).

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a combined flail knife of a straw chopping and returning machine.

Background

The straw is the fourth largest energy which is second to coal, petroleum and natural gas in the world, and has important significance for economic development of various countries. The crop straws are usually rich in various mineral nutrient elements and organic matter components necessary for crop growth, and the straws are returned to the field, so that the problems of excessive straws in the field and high difficulty in removal can be effectively solved, the soil fertility can be improved, the yield and income can be increased, and the environmental pollution caused by straw burning and excessive use of chemical fertilizers can be reduced.

The straw chopping and returning machine is a main machine for realizing direct returning of crop straws to the field, a straw chopping and returning cutter is an important working component of the straw chopping and returning machine, and the conventional chopping cutter mainly has three forms of a straight cutter, a hammer cutter and a flail cutter, wherein the straight cutter has a simple structure, low manufacturing cost, sharp blade edge of a blade, small running resistance, low blade strength, easy damage of the blade edge and high stubble remaining height; the hammer cutter has large mass and high rotational inertia, has good chopping effect on hard crop straws, but has complex manufacturing process, high cost, large power consumption during rotation and aggravated vibration of the returning machine; most of the flail knives are Y-shaped and L-shaped, the straw picking performance is good, the stubble remaining height is low, but the blades are easy to wear, and particularly the capability of the blades for cutting straws is reduced due to the fact that the blades cut one side of the straws.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention provides a combined flail knife of a straw chopping and returning machine, aiming at solving the problems of low chopping qualification rate, easy abrasion, large power consumption and large vibration amplitude of the existing straw chopping knife.

The technical scheme is as follows: the combined flail knife of the straw chopping and returning machine comprises two L-shaped knives which are respectively bent towards opposite directions, and a straight knife which is arranged between the two L-shaped knives and is opposite to the two L-shaped knives by a knife face; the L-shaped cutter and the straight cutter respectively comprise a cutter handle, a cutter body connected with the cutter handle and a cutting edge arranged at the edge of the cutter body; the cutting edge comprises smooth edges and sawtooth edges which are alternately arranged, the cutting edge of each smooth edge extends along the length direction of the edge of the cutter body, each sawtooth edge comprises a plurality of sawtooth edge units, the cutting edge of each sawtooth edge unit extends along the thickness direction of the edge of the cutter body, and the plurality of sawtooth edge units are arranged in a sawtooth shape along the length direction of the edge of the cutter body to form the sawtooth edges; the smooth edge and the serrated edge of the straight blade are arranged in a staggered manner with respect to the smooth edge and the serrated edge of the L-shaped blade as viewed in the thickness direction.

The cutter body edge and the cutting edge are symmetrical about a middle plane of the width of the cutter body, and the heights of the cutting edges protruding outwards from the cutter body edge are consistent. The cutter body and the cutting edge are symmetrically arranged, so that the rotation stability of the cutter can be guaranteed, the vibration amplitude is reduced, and the power consumption is reduced. After the cutting edge on one side is worn, the cutting edge can be replaced to the other side for continuous use, which is favorable for saving materials and reducing cost. The purpose of consistent protruding height of the cutting edge is to ensure smooth transition of the cutting edge and facilitate continuous and stable straw chopping.

The cutter body comprises a cutter shoulder part, a middle part and a cutter tip part; the tool shoulder part is connected with the tool handle, and the edges of the two sides of the tool shoulder part extend in a circular arc curve; the middle part is connected to the tail end of the knife shoulder part; the blade tip part is connected to the tail end of the middle part, and the edge of the blade tip part is arc-shaped. The arc-shaped layout of the knife shoulder part can increase the contact time of the straws and the knife edges, improve the sliding cutting performance of the knife edges, and is beneficial to reducing the resistance of the chopped straws and reducing the abrasion degree of the knife edges.

Further, the width of the cutter body gradually narrows from the shoulder portion to the tip portion. The straw chopping machine is used for improving the sliding cutting performance of the blades for chopping straws and reducing the chopping resistance.

The L-shaped knife is provided with two linear spoilers protruding out of the knife surface, and the two linear spoilers are symmetrically arranged on two side surfaces of the knife body.

Furthermore, the straight knife is provided with two continuous arc spoilers protruding out of the knife surface, and the two continuous arc spoilers are symmetrically arranged on two side surfaces of the knife body.

The straight line spoiler and the continuous arc spoiler can form air flow when the cutter rotates, so that certain negative pressure and positive pressure are generated at the inlet and the outlet of the straw chopping chamber, crop straws containing lodging straws can be conveniently picked and chopped at the inlet of the chopping chamber, the chopped straws are smoothly discharged from the chopping chamber at the outlet of the chopping chamber, and favorable conditions are created for uniformly scattering and returning the straws to the field.

Wherein, the inclined planes on both sides of the cutting edge of the smooth edge are symmetrical about the middle plane of the thickness of the cutter body. The inclined planes on the two sides of the cutting edge are bilaterally symmetrical, so that the chopping effect can be further improved.

Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the smooth edge of the combined flail knife forms a linear knife edge line, the serrated edge forms a serrated knife edge line perpendicular to the linear knife edge line, the two knife edge line types are alternately arranged, the straw in a transverse and longitudinal state can be cut, and the straw chopping qualification rate is improved. Meanwhile, the types of the blade lines at the opposite positions of the L-shaped knife and the straight knife are different, so that a certain supporting effect of the sawtooth-shaped blade lines is fully utilized when the straw is cut up, the straw is cut up conveniently, the cutting efficiency is further improved, and the power consumption is reduced. Furthermore, spoilers are symmetrically arranged on two side faces of the L-shaped knife and the straight knife, air flow is generated during rotation, and straw picking, chopping and scattering are facilitated. The arc-shaped edge line arranged on the knife shoulder part increases the straw cutting time of the flail knife and reduces the cutting resistance. In addition, the layout mode that smooth edges and sawtooth edges are alternately arranged also overcomes the defect that the edges of a single linear edge line are easy to damage, and the service life of the cutter is prolonged.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a combined flail knife in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a front view of the L-shaped knife of the embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a side view of an L-shaped knife in an embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a front view of the straight blade in the embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a side view of the straight blade in the example;

FIG. 6 is a schematic sectional view of a smoothing blade in the embodiment.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in figure 1, the combined flail knife of the straw chopping and returning machine comprises two L-shaped knives 1, a straight knife 2 and a knife seat 9. Wherein, two L-shaped knives 1 and straight knives 2 are both arranged on a knife block 9, and the knife block 9 is fixed on the knife shaft of the straw cutting and returning machine. It can be seen from the figure that the two L-shaped cutters are bent in opposite directions and are both bent outwards, the straight cutter 2 is arranged between the two L-shaped cutters 1, is arranged on the pin shaft 11 of the cutter holder 9 through the pin hole 31 formed in the middle of the cutter handle 3, and is separated from each other by the spacer 12. The pin 11 is mounted on the bracket 10 and locked by a pin lock.

In addition, as can be seen from fig. 1, the cutting edges of the L-shaped knife 1 and the straight knife 2 are formed by alternately arranging smooth edges 5 and serrated edges 6. Wherein the cutting edge of the smoothing edge 5 extends along the length of the edge of the blade body 4. The serrated blade 6 is the cockscomb structure by a plurality of serrated blade units along the length direction at cutter body 4 edge and arranges the formation, and the blade of these serrated blade units all extends along the thickness direction at cutter body 4 edge, and the length of blade is unanimous with the thickness of cutter body 4. The land edges 5 and serrated edges 6 of the straight blade 2 are displaced with respect to the land edges 5 and serrated edges 6 of the L-shaped blade 1 as viewed in the thickness direction (i.e., laterally in fig. 1) of the cutter, and the types of blade at the positions where the straight blade 2 and the L-shaped blade 1 oppose each other are substantially different.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3 together, in the present embodiment, the blade of the L-shaped blade 1 includes a first arcuate serrated edge 61, a first linear smooth edge 51, a first linear saw serrated edge 62, and a first arcuate smooth edge 52, which are arranged in this order from the shoulder portion 41 to the tip portion 43. Wherein the first arcuate serrated edge 61 is disposed on both side edges of the shoulder portion 41, and the first linear wiper edge 51 and the first linear saw toothed edge 62 are disposed on both side edges of the intermediate portion 42. Since the L-shaped knife 1 is a knife with a bent knife face, the first arc smooth edge 52 includes a first straight section 521, a bent section 522, a second straight section 523 and an arc section 524, the first straight section 521, the bent section 522 and the second straight section 523 are all disposed on two side edges of the middle portion 42, and the arc section 524 is disposed on an edge of the knife tip portion 43.

As can also be seen from fig. 2, the plane defined by the center line of the pin hole 31 and the width center line of the L-shaped cutter 1 is the symmetry plane of the two side edges and the two side cutting edges of the cutter body 4 of the L-shaped cutter 1. The edge line of the middle portion 42 forms an angle α with the plane, and the first straight section 521, the bent section 522, the second straight section 523 arranged on the middle portion 42 and the end opening of the circular arc section 524 arranged on the nose portion 43 are all in smooth, flush and transition. The circular arc section 524 has a radius R, the nose portion has a radius R, and the first arcuate serrated edge 61 provided on the shoulder portion 41 has a radius of curvature R' of the base circle. The linear spoilers 7 on the two side surfaces of the L-shaped knife 1 are arranged on the width middle line of the knife body 4, when the knife rotates, air flow can be formed, certain negative pressure and positive pressure are generated at the inlet and the outlet of the straw chopping chamber, crop straws containing lodging straws can be conveniently picked and chopped at the inlet of the chopping chamber, the chopped straws are smoothly discharged from the chopping chamber at the outlet of the chopping chamber, and favorable conditions are created for uniformly scattering and returning the straws to the field.

As can be seen from fig. 3, the cutting edges of the serrated edge units all extend along the thickness direction of the edge of the cutter body 4, and the length of the cutting edges is consistent with the thickness of the cutter body 4. Furthermore, at a distance l from the center line of the pin hole 31 to the cutter body 4, the cutter body 4 is bent to have a bendAnd (6) bending angles.

Referring to fig. 4 and 5, in the present embodiment, the cutting edge of the straight blade 2 includes a second arc-shaped smooth edge 53, a second straight serrated edge 63, a second straight smooth edge 54, and a second arc-shaped serrated edge 64, which are sequentially arranged from the shoulder portion 41 to the tip portion 43. Wherein the second arc-shaped smoothing edges 53 are disposed at both side edges of the shoulder portion 41, the second straight serrated edges 63 and the second straight smoothing edges 54 are disposed at both side edges of the intermediate portion 42, and the second arc-shaped serrated edges 64 are disposed at the edge of the nose portion 43.

As can also be seen from fig. 4, the plane defined by the center line of the pin hole 31 and the width center line of the straight blade 2 is a symmetrical plane of the two side edges and the two side cutting edges of the blade body 4. The edge line of the middle part 42 forms an angle alpha with the plane, and the outer edge connecting line of the whole edge is in a smooth transition state. The radius of the tip portion is R and the radius of curvature of the base circle of the second arcuate smoothing edge 53 provided at the shoulder portion 41 is R ". The continuous arc spoilers 8 on the two side surfaces of the straight knife 2 are arranged on the knife body 4 and extend in a bending way on the two sides of the width center line of the knife body. Similarly, when the cutter rotates, air flow can be formed, so that certain negative pressure and positive pressure are generated at the inlet and the outlet of the straw chopping chamber, crop straws containing lodging straws can be conveniently picked and chopped at the inlet of the chopping chamber, and the chopped straws are smoothly discharged from the chopping chamber at the outlet of the chopping chamber, thereby creating favorable conditions for uniformly scattering and returning the straws to the field.

As can be seen from fig. 5, the cutting edge of the serrated edge unit on the straight blade 2 also extends along the thickness direction of the edge of the blade body 4, and the length of the cutting edge is consistent with the thickness of the blade body 4.

Referring to fig. 3 and 5 again, in the L-shaped cutter 1 and the straight cutter 2, the inclined surfaces on both sides of the cutting edge of the smoothing blade 5 are symmetrical with respect to the middle plane of the thickness of the cutter body 4. As shown in fig. 6, the included angle between the two inclined surfaces is γ, and the inclined angles of the two inclined surfaces are both β.

In this embodiment, when α is 15 °, β is 22.5 °, and γ is 2 β is 45 °,r is 25mm, R is 19mm, R' is 60mm, and alpha is 15 degrees to improve the sliding cutting performance of the blades for cutting straws and reduce the cutting resistance; the arrangement of beta is 22.5 degrees and gamma is 2 beta is 45 degrees, so that the bilateral symmetry of the inclined planes at the two sides of the smooth blade 5 is ensured, and the chopping effect is further improved; the reason for setting R25 mm, R19 mm is that the circular arc section 524 that the cutting edge formed at this position is concentric with the bottom circle of the cutting edge part 43 of the cutter body 4, so as to ensure that the arc-shaped cutting edge line is continuous and smooth and the cutting edge line is 6mm away from the bottom circle, which is beneficial to continuously and stably chopping the straws.

Through the introduction, obviously, the combined flail knife is beneficial to improving the straw chopping and throwing performance, improving the straw returning quality, prolonging the service life of the knife and the returning machine and reducing the working power consumption of the returning machine. In addition, after the cutting edge on one cutting side of the blade is worn, the blade can be replaced to the other side for continuous use, so that the material is saved, and the cost is reduced.