Method for preparing high-performance activated carbon by using activated carbon powder blended with coal

文档序号：1826025 发布日期：2021-11-12 浏览：34次中文

阅读说明：本技术 一种利用活性炭粉配煤制备高性能活性炭的方法 (Method for preparing high-performance activated carbon by using activated carbon powder blended with coal ) 是由李小龙魏进超贺新华杨本涛康建刚于 2020-05-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种利用活性炭粉配煤制备高性能活性炭的方法,该方法包括：1)将活性炭粉与粘结剂混合磨粉,得到磨粉料I；然后将原煤与粘结剂混合磨粉,得到磨粉料II；2)磨粉料I与磨粉料II混合,加入成型剂、造孔剂和水；然后进行强力混捏,得到混合原料；3)将混合原料挤压成型,得到活性炭前驱体成型料；4)将活性炭前驱体成型料进行干燥,得到干燥料；5)将干燥料加入到炭化炉中进行一步炭化,得到高性能活性炭。本发明采取粘结性能不同的碳原料分级配比粘结剂磨粉混合的工艺,有助于改善活性炭粉与粘结剂的混合粘结和界面结合效果,降低粘结剂和成型剂的使用量,实现活性炭粉的高价值再利用,同时达到降低生产成本和保障活性炭产品质量的目的。(A method for preparing high-performance activated carbon by using activated carbon powder blended with coal comprises the following steps: 1) mixing and grinding the activated carbon powder and a binder to obtain ground powder I; then mixing and grinding raw coal and a binder to obtain ground powder II; 2) mixing the grinding powder I and the grinding powder II, and adding a forming agent, a pore-forming agent and water; then, strong kneading is carried out to obtain a mixed raw material; 3) extruding and molding the mixed raw materials to obtain an active carbon precursor molding material; 4) drying the active carbon precursor molding material to obtain a dried material; 5) and adding the dried material into a carbonization furnace for one-step carbonization to obtain the high-performance activated carbon. The invention adopts the process of grading, proportioning, grinding and mixing the carbon raw materials with different adhesive properties with the adhesive, is beneficial to improving the mixed adhesive and interface bonding effects of the activated carbon powder and the adhesive, reducing the using amount of the adhesive and the forming agent, realizing the high-value reutilization of the activated carbon powder, and simultaneously achieving the purposes of reducing the production cost and ensuring the quality of the activated carbon product.)

1. A method for preparing high-performance activated carbon by using activated carbon powder blended with coal comprises the following steps:

1) grading and grinding: mixing and grinding the activated carbon powder and a binder to obtain ground powder I; then mixing and grinding raw coal and a binder to obtain ground powder II;

2) and (3) strong kneading: mixing the grinding powder I and the grinding powder II, and adding a forming agent, a pore-forming agent and water; then, strong kneading is carried out to obtain a mixed raw material;

3) and (3) molding and granulating: extruding and molding the mixed raw materials to obtain an active carbon precursor molding material;

4) and (3) drying: drying the active carbon precursor molding material to obtain a dried material;

5) carbonizing in one step: and adding the dried material into a carbonization furnace for carbonization to obtain the high-performance activated carbon.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the method further comprises the following steps:

6) cooling and screening: cooling and screening the carbonized high-performance activated carbon to obtain large-particle high-performance activated carbon;

7) and (3) recycling: and (3) returning the small-particle activated carbon obtained after cooling and screening as activated carbon powder to the step 1) for reuse.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: in step 1), the grading and grinding process further comprises adding metal ores, and specifically comprises the following steps: mixing and grinding the activated carbon powder and a binder, adding metal ore into the mixture, grinding and then mixing to obtain ground powder I;

preferably, the metal ore is an iron-containing ore; preferably one or more of iron manganese ore, iron copper ore, iron titanium ore and iron tungsten ore; preferably, the addition amount of the metal ore is 0 to 15%, preferably 0.1 to 10%, and more preferably 0.5 to 8% of the total mass of the activated carbon powder and the raw coal.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein: the binder in the step 1) is a non-asphalt-based binder or an asphalt-based binder; preferably, in the step 1), the content of the binder in the grinding powder material II is 0-80%, preferably 3-55%, and more preferably 5-30% of the content of the binder in the grinding powder material I; and/or

The total mass ratio of the activated carbon powder, the raw coal and the binder in the step 1) is (10-80): (20-90): (1-20), preferably (20-70): (30-80): (3-15).

5. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein: the forming agent in the step 2) is one or more of coal tar, carboxymethyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol and sesbania powder; and/or

The addition amount of the forming agent in the step 2) accounts for 5-20% of the total mass of the activated carbon powder and the raw coal, preferably 8-15%, and more preferably 10-12%.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein: the pore-forming agent in the step 2) is one or more of polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl butyral; and/or

The addition amount of the pore-forming agent in the step 2) is 0-20% of the total mass of the activated carbon powder and the raw coal, preferably 1-18%, and more preferably 3-15%.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein: the grinding is to grind each raw material respectively until more than 90% of the raw material passes through 200 meshes, preferably more than 95% of the raw material passes through 200 meshes, and more preferably more than 97% of the raw material passes through 200 meshes; or

The milling is to mill each raw material to 70% or more, preferably 75% or more, and more preferably 80% or more, through 325 mesh.

8. The production method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: in the step 2), the powerful kneading is carried out by adopting an intermittent stirrer, a continuous stirrer or a powerful mixer, preferably the powerful mixer; preferably, the kneading process is carried out with heat tracing, wherein the heat tracing temperature is 50-100 ℃, and preferably 70-90 ℃;

preferably, the degree of mixing of the mixed raw materials in step 2) is 75% or more, preferably 80% or more, and more preferably 85% or more.

9. The production method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: the temperature range of the one-step carbonization in the step 5) is 300-1100 ℃, preferably 400-1000 ℃, and more preferably 500-950 ℃; the time of the one-step carbonization is 10-180 min, preferably 20-120 min, and more preferably 30-90 min.

10. The production method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: the shape of the active carbon precursor molding material in the step 3) is one or more of spherical, cylindrical and rectangular; preferably, the shape of the active carbon precursor molding material is cylindrical, and the size of the cylindrical active carbon precursor molding material is 4-12 mm, preferably 4.5-11 mm, and more preferably 5-10 mm; and/or

In the step 4), the active carbon precursor molding material is dried until the water content is lower than 13%, preferably lower than 10%, and more preferably lower than 7%.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a preparation method of activated carbon for flue gas desulfurization and denitrification, in particular to a method for preparing high-performance activated carbon by using activated carbon powder, and belongs to the technical field of activated carbon preparation.

Background

As is well known, the activated carbon flue gas purification technology can realize SO in sintering flue gas₂And NOx and Hg can be removed integrally and jointly, and dust, dioxin and other toxic substances in the flue gas can be removed, so that the deep treatment of the flue gas is finally realized, and the resource utilization of waste can be realized simultaneously, thereby gradually becoming an optimal scheme and technology for atmospheric treatment. Among them, the activated carbon for desulfurization and denitrification is used as the key for purifying sintering flue gas by an activated carbon method, and the development of the activated carbon is very rapid in recent years.

The strength and the adsorption performance of the desulfurization and denitrification active carbon are key indexes in the use process, the carbonization step in the preparation process of the active carbon basically forms the strength and the primary pore structure of the active carbon, the activation step further enriches the pore structure and the related active groups of the active carbon, but compared with a carbonized material, the activation usually causes the strength of the active carbon to be reduced to a certain extent, namely the strength and the adsorption performance of the active carbon are usually in a negative correlation relationship, so that the preparation of the active carbon with high strength and excellent adsorption performance gradually becomes a research focus.

Raw materials used in the traditional production of the desulfurization and denitrification activated carbon mainly comprise raw coal, coal tar, asphalt and water, wherein the raw coal and the asphalt are ground into coal powder, added with a binder and water, stirred and mixed, then extruded and formed, and then dried, carbonized and activated at a certain temperature to obtain the activated carbon product. In the process of using the activated carbon for desulfurization and denitrification, a large amount of carbon powder is generated due to mechanical abrasion and the like. The carbon powder is reused to prepare the activated carbon for desulfurization and denitrification of the sintered flue gas, so that the economic value of the carbon powder can be improved. Although some researches have been carried out on the recycling of carbon powder, there are still many limitations.

Chinese patent CN 109433156a discloses a method for preparing columnar activated carbon by using activated carbon powder as a proportioning molding aid (including binder, plasticizer, lubricant and reinforcing agent) and water. The process comprises the steps of grinding the carbon powder, proportioning a forming auxiliary agent and water, kneading into pug, then carrying out vacuum extrusion forming and cutting, and carrying out carbonization-activation integrated heat treatment under the environment of inert gas and hot steam after drying. Wherein the mass ratio of the activated carbon powder to the forming assistant to the water is (5-9): (1-5): (3-5), the carbonization and activation treatment temperature is 600-900 ℃, and the carbonization and activation treatment time is 1-5 h. The strength and the desulfurization value of the product obtained by the method are high, but the cost is high due to the excessively high addition of the forming aid such as coal tar in the preparation process, the industrial application is difficult due to the vacuum environment as the extrusion condition, and the denitration rate of the finally obtained product is low, so that the application of the product is limited.

Chinese patent CN 105858650 a discloses a method for preparing desulfurization and denitrification activated carbon by using carbon powder as a raw material. Adding a certain amount of coal tar, potassium hydroxide or magnesium oxide into carbon powder, grinding, kneading, extruding and molding, and drying, wherein the ratio of the carbon powder, the coal tar and the potassium hydroxide or the magnesium oxide is (68-80): (18-30): 2. and (3) after the molding material is dried, carrying out next step of thermal regeneration in an environment of simultaneously isolating air and introducing steam to prepare the granular desulfurization and denitrification active carbon, wherein the temperature of the one step of thermal regeneration is controlled to be 820-900 ℃, and the time is controlled to be 30-40 min. The activated carbon prepared by the method has good performance, but the coal tar is large in addition amount and high in production cost, the added potassium hydroxide or magnesium oxide is corrosive, and the process control is relatively complex.

Chinese patent CN 107640769 a discloses a method for preparing desulfurization and denitrification activated carbon by using carbon powder and lower crushed material generated in the production process of activated carbon as raw materials. The process takes coal tar and pitch as binders, and the granular desulfurization and denitrification active carbon is prepared by sequentially grinding, kneading, granulating, drying, carbonizing, activating and regenerating. Wherein the grinding proportion of the carbon powder, the desulfurization and denitrification active carbon crushed material and the asphalt is (20-30): (70-80): (10-15), the ratio of the ground mixed powder to the coal tar and the water is 80: (10-15): (10-15). Meanwhile, the carbonization temperature and the activation temperature are respectively controlled at 600-650 ℃ and 850-900 ℃, and the discharging time is controlled at about 40 min. The method has the advantages that the caking property of the carbon powder and the active carbon crushed aggregates which are raw materials for production is low, so that the strength performance of the finished product is difficult to keep at a high level, the production process flow is long, and the energy consumption is high.

At present, the technology for regenerating granular activated carbon by using carbon powder is mostly similar to the traditional preparation process technology of the desulfurization and denitrification activated carbon, and is mostly realized by proportioning a catalyst and a binder or proportioning the activated carbon to produce crushed materials and the binder and then combining the technological processes of molding, drying and heat treatment. However, the preparation process has the problems that the denitration rate of the obtained product is low due to the fact that carbon powder is used as a preparation raw material, the production cost is high due to the fact that a large amount of coal tar is added in the preparation process, the mixed material is corrosive due to the fact that alkali substances are added in the preparation process, the strength performance of the finished product is difficult to guarantee due to the fact that the low-caking raw materials are proportioned in the preparation process, and the like, so that the process technology for preparing the high-performance activated carbon by means of recycling the carbon powder with low cost and high value becomes a problem to be urgently needed to be broken through.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for preparing high-performance activated carbon by using activated carbon powder and coal blending for graded grinding and simultaneously combining a one-step carbonization method on the basis of a large amount of researches. The method adopts a process of mixing raw materials with different adhesive properties, proportioning the raw materials by grades, grinding and mixing the raw materials into powder, is beneficial to improving the mixed adhesion and interface combination effects of the activated carbon powder and the adhesive, reducing the using amount of the adhesive, improving the integral uniform mixing degree of the materials in the subsequent kneading process, realizing the high-value recycling of the carbon powder, and simultaneously achieving the purposes of reducing the production cost and ensuring the quality of the activated carbon product.

According to the embodiment of the invention, a method for preparing high-performance activated carbon by using activated carbon powder blended coal is provided.

A method for preparing high-performance activated carbon by using activated carbon powder blended with coal comprises the following steps:

1) grading and grinding: mixing and grinding the activated carbon powder and a binder to obtain ground powder I; then mixing and grinding raw coal and a binder to obtain ground powder II;

3) and (3) molding and granulating: extruding and molding the mixed raw materials to obtain an active carbon precursor molding material;

4) and (3) drying: drying the active carbon precursor molding material to obtain a dried material;

5) carbonizing in one step: and adding the dried material into a carbonization furnace for carbonization to obtain the high-performance activated carbon.

In the present invention, the method further comprises:

6) cooling and screening: cooling and screening the carbonized high-performance activated carbon to obtain large-particle high-performance activated carbon;

7) and (3) recycling: and (3) returning the small-particle activated carbon obtained after cooling and screening as activated carbon powder to the step 1) for reuse.

The size of the large-particle high-performance activated carbon in the step 6) is 4-12 mm.

Preferably, in step 1), the classifying and milling process further includes adding metal ores, specifically: mixing and grinding the activated carbon powder and a binder, adding the metal ore into the ground powder, and mixing the ground powder and the metal ore to obtain ground powder I.

Preferably, the metal ore is an iron-containing ore. Preferably one or more of iron manganese ore, iron copper ore, iron titanium ore and iron tungsten ore. Preferably, the addition amount of the metal ore is 0 to 15%, preferably 0.1 to 10%, and more preferably 0.5 to 8% of the total mass of the activated carbon powder and the raw coal.

In the invention, the binder in the step 1) is a non-asphalt-based binder (such as a novel binder prepared by mixing sodium bentonite and coal powder) or an asphalt-based binder (such as coal asphalt and petroleum asphalt).

Preferably, in the step 1), the content of the binder in the milled material II is 0-80%, preferably 3-55%, and more preferably 5-30% of the content of the binder in the milled material I.

Preferably, the total mass ratio of the activated carbon powder, the raw coal and the binder in the step 1) is (10-80): (20-90): (1-20), preferably (20-70): (30-80): (3-15).

In the invention, the forming agent in the step 2) is one or more of coal tar, carboxymethyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol and sesbania powder.

Preferably, the addition amount of the forming agent in the step 2) is 5 to 20% of the total mass of the activated carbon powder and the raw coal, preferably 8 to 15%, and more preferably 10 to 12%.

In the invention, the pore-forming agent in the step 2) is one or more of polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl butyral.

Preferably, the addition amount of the pore-forming agent in the step 2) is 0 to 20% of the total mass of the activated carbon powder and the raw coal, preferably 1 to 18%, and more preferably 3 to 15%.

Preferably, the milling is performed by milling each raw material until 90% or more passes through 200 mesh, preferably 95% or more passes through 200 mesh, and more preferably 97% or more passes through 200 mesh.

Preferably, the milling is performed by milling each raw material to a powder such that 70% or more passes through 325 mesh, preferably 75% or more passes through 325 mesh, and more preferably 80% or more passes through 325 mesh.

In the invention, the powerful kneading in the step 2) is carried out by using a batch mixer, a continuous mixer or a powerful mixer, and preferably by using a powerful mixer. Preferably, the kneading process is carried out with heat tracing, wherein the heat tracing temperature is 50-100 ℃, and preferably 70-90 ℃.

Preferably, the degree of mixing of the mixed raw materials in step 2) is 75% or more, preferably 80% or more, and more preferably 85% or more.

Preferably, the temperature range of the one-step carbonization in the step 5) is 300-1100 ℃, preferably 400-1000 ℃, and more preferably 500-950 ℃. The time of the one-step carbonization is 10-180 min, preferably 20-120 min, and more preferably 30-90 min.

In the invention, the shape of the active carbon precursor molding material in the step 3) is one or more of spherical, cylindrical and rectangular. Preferably, the shape of the active carbon precursor molding material is cylindrical, and the size of the cylindrical active carbon precursor molding material is 4-12 mm, preferably 4.5-11 mm, and more preferably 5-10 mm.

Preferably, the activated carbon precursor molding material is dried in step 4) until the water content is less than 13%, preferably less than 10%, and more preferably less than 7%.

In the using process of adsorption and desorption of the desulfurization and denitrification activated carbon, a large amount of by-product activated carbon powder is generated due to mechanical abrasion and breakage, and the activated carbon powder can be used as blast furnace injection fuel, but the combustion heat value is far lower than that of blast furnace injection coal, so that a high-value utilization process technology for recycling the activated carbon powder as a raw material for preparing the activated carbon needs to be developed. At present, the technology for regenerating granular activated carbon by using activated carbon powder is mostly similar to the traditional preparation process technology of the desulfurization and denitrification activated carbon, and is mostly realized by proportioning a catalyst and a binder or proportioning the activated carbon to produce crushed materials and the binder and then combining the technological processes of molding, drying and heat treatment. But the preparation process has the problems that the denitration rate of the obtained product is low due to the fact that carbon powder is used as a preparation raw material, the production cost is high due to the fact that a large amount of coal tar is added in the preparation process, the material is corrosive due to the addition of alkali substances, the strength performance of the finished product is difficult to guarantee due to the fact that the raw material active carbon with low matching cohesiveness is used for producing crushed materials, and the like.

The invention provides a method for preparing high-performance activated carbon by using activated carbon powder and coal blending grading grinding powder and combining a one-step carbonization method, aiming at preparing the high-performance activated carbon by using the high-value recycled carbon powder, reducing the production cost and ensuring the quality of an activated carbon product. The method comprises the steps of reasonably proportioning raw coal, carbon powder, a binder, a forming agent, a pore-forming agent and water, proportioning the binder for grinding the carbon powder in a grading manner, mixing and proportioning the forming agent, the pore-forming agent and the water after proportioning the binder for grinding the raw coal, strongly kneading, combining the working procedures of forming, drying, carbonizing in one step and the like to prepare the activated carbon. The raw coal and the asphalt component in the binder or the forming agent mainly form a skeleton structure and strength, the pore-forming agent volatilizes and escapes in the high-temperature reaction process to form a pore structure, and meanwhile, the carbon powder is further enriched in pore structure after high-temperature heat treatment, so that the desulfurization and denitrification activated carbon with high strength and good adsorption performance is finally obtained, the high-value resource recycling technology of the carbon powder reconstructed granular activated carbon is realized, and the economic benefit and the social benefit are remarkable. Through multiple tests, compared with the activated carbon prepared by recycling the carbon powder in the common method, the activated carbon prepared by recycling the carbon powder has the advantages that the usage amount of the binder is reduced by 5-10%, and the usage amount of the forming agent is reduced by 10-20%; the wear resistance of the product is improved by 0.5-2%, the compressive strength is improved by more than 10%, and the uniformity is better.

The invention provides a method for preparing high-performance activated carbon by using activated carbon powder blended coal, which has the following relevant technical principle:

1) grading and grinding: the carbon powder has almost no caking property, the caking index of the carbon powder is far lower than that of raw coals such as coking coal, bituminous coal, anthracite and the like, and the raw materials with different caking properties have different caking effects when mixed with the milled powder of the caking agent or the caking effect when mixed with the forming agent, so that the raw materials for preparing the activated carbon with different caking properties are milled, mixed with the milled powder of the caking agent and stirred and mixed with the forming agent, and then the optimal uniform mixing and caking effects are difficult to achieve, and therefore, more caking agents or forming agents are needed to improve the forming property of the mixture or the interface bonding property of subsequent high-temperature reaction. The better blending effect is that the raw material with low caking property (namely the carbon powder) is uniformly mixed with more or stronger caking agent to improve the caking property and the mixing property of the raw material with low caking property, which is equivalent to performing viscosity modification on the raw material with low caking property; while high-caking-property raw materials (such as raw coal) can be mixed with less caking agent to improve or maintain the caking property and mixing property of the high-caking-property raw materials; compared with the common process, the method can achieve the material mixing and bonding effect required by the subsequent process by using less bonding agent and forming agent, and the raw materials with different bonding properties and the bonding agent can generate better interface bonding in the subsequent high-temperature reaction process and simultaneously generate the co-carbonization effect.

2) Adhesive: when the active carbon is prepared, raw materials (coke coal, bituminous coal, anthracite, carbon powder and the like) for preparing the active carbon are mixed with a binder (such as asphalt) and ground, then a forming agent (such as coal tar) is added to be mixed with water for extrusion forming, wherein the asphalt and the coal tar provide the functions of the binder and the forming agent, and the water can be used as a tackifier to play a role. The hardness of the carbon powder, the raw coal and the binder are different, and the carbon powder, the raw coal and the binder are ground into fine powder with certain granularity by adopting different grinding processes and equipment (for example, the raw material is ground into powder of which more than 95 percent passes through a 200-mesh sieve, or the raw material is ground into powder of which more than 70 percent passes through a 325-mesh sieve).

3) Pore-forming agent: the pore-forming agent not only can play a role in lubrication and bonding, but also can volatilize and escape from the activated carbon in the high-temperature heat treatment process, thereby being beneficial to generating more pore structures in the activated carbon.

4) Pitch component in raw coal and binder or forming agent: the raw coal and the asphalt component in the binder or the forming agent can generate condensation polymerization, pyrolysis and other reactions in the high-temperature heat treatment process to form a high-strength skeleton matrix structure in the activated carbon.

5) Carbon powder: the carbon powder is a pulverized particle crushed material generated by abrasion of the granular carbon after carbonization and activation treatment, and has a certain pore structure and active groups, and after the carbon powder is pulverized, the micro pore structure and the active groups still exist, namely the carbon powder can be regarded as a raw material after the pre-activation treatment.

6) And (3) strong kneading: and (2) mixing the ground powder with a certain proportion of a forming agent, a pore-forming agent and water, wherein the fine solid material of coal powder, carbon powder and a binder is strongly mixed by a strong mixer to obtain a mixture with uniformly distributed coal powder-carbon powder-binder due to the limited uniform mixing degree of the solid material, and the binder and the carbon powder in the finally obtained activated carbon product are uniformly dispersed. The blending degree of the mixed raw materials is generally required to reach 80%.

7) Heat tracing: the heat tracing during the strong kneading is helpful for improving the fluidity of the adhesive or the molding agent, thereby being helpful for improving the mixing and bonding effect of the raw material, the adhesive and the molding agent.

8) And (3) molding and granulating: according to the application of the active carbon, the mixture is pressurized to be changed into an active carbon precursor molding material with a certain shape. The active carbon precursor molding material with a certain shape refers to the appearance of the active carbon, and can be spherical, cylindrical, rectangular and the like, preferably cylindrical, for example, the size of the cylindrical active carbon precursor molding material is 5-12 mm.

9) And (3) drying: the active carbon precursor forming material has higher water content and is softer as a whole, the porosity and the strength of the active carbon can be influenced in the carbonization process, and the performance of the active carbon can not meet the requirements, so the active carbon precursor forming material is required to be dried until the water content is lower than 7 percent before carbonization.

10) Carbonizing in one step: carbonization is a process similar to high-temperature carbonization, and after carbonization treatment of activated carbon, a certain skeleton strength and a primary pore structure are mainly formed; activation is a process for further enriching the pore structure of the activated carbon and forming a catalytic active group, but the activation process can cause the strength of the carbonized material to be reduced to a certain extent. In the process, raw coal, carbon powder, a binder (such as asphalt), a forming agent (such as coal tar) and a pore-forming agent are simultaneously used as raw materials for preparing the activated carbon, the components of the raw coal and the binder or the asphalt in the forming agent mainly provide a skeleton structure and a matrix for adhering other components, the pore-forming agent can provide lubrication, adhesion and pore-forming effects, the carbon powder already has a primary pore structure and an active group, and the pore structure of the carbon powder is further enriched after high-temperature heat treatment. After the raw materials are combined, the active carbon with high skeleton strength and rich pores can be obtained simultaneously through high-temperature heat treatment, so that the preparation of the high-performance active carbon through one-step carbonization treatment is realized.

11) The crushed material produced by the active carbon under the screen has the similar property to the active carbon powder, and can be returned to the ground powder to be used as the raw material for preparing the active carbon.

As a preferred scheme, based on the phenomena and mechanisms that metal oxides in minerals can generate lattice remodeling in the activated carbon in the high-temperature carbonization process of the activated carbon, so that the porosity inside the activated carbon can be adjusted and catalytic active metals can be uniformly loaded, and the like, the invention directly adds metal ores into the initial raw materials for preparing the activated carbon, and forms a uniform mixture of the metal ores, coal dust and a binder by mixing. Because the metal ore is often rich in various metal oxides, in the preparation process of the activated carbon, the crystal structure of the metal oxides in the metal ore is reformed in the high-temperature carbonization process, and is recrystallized with C in coal powder in the raw material to form a high-strength metal oxide-C substance, and finally the uniform, stable and high-strength activated carbon doped with the metal oxides is obtained.

Compared with the prior art that metal soluble salt is added into the raw material of the activated carbon or the doped activated carbon is prepared by an impregnation method, in the prepared activated carbon doped with the metal oxide, the metal oxide and C are recrystallized, compared with the process of directly adding soluble salt, the chemical bond between the metal oxide and the C atom is firmer, the gap between the metal oxide and the C atom is smaller, and the acting force of the connecting bond is larger, so that the high-strength activated carbon doped with the metal oxide is formed. The active carbon prepared by the method is used for desulfurization and denitrification of the active carbon, and the active ions of the metal oxide are not easy to fall off due to the firm connection between the metal oxide and the C; because the active carbon needs to be circulated between the adsorption tower and the desorption tower for multiple times in the using process, after multiple tests, the metal oxide in the active carbon prepared by the invention can still be tightly combined in the active carbon, and still has the effects of high sulfur resistance and catalytic denitration.

In addition, in the high-temperature carbonization process of the metal oxide in the metal ore, the crystal structure of the metal oxide can be changed, and the volume of the metal oxide is changed. In the forming process of the activated carbon, the volume change of the metal oxide can promote the formation of pores of the activated carbon, and the pore opening and pore expansion effects on the activated carbon are obvious. Therefore, the crystal form change of the metal oxide promotes the pore formation of the activated carbon, and the specific surface area and the active catalytic site of the activated carbon are improved, so that the desulfurization and denitrification efficiency of the activated carbon is improved.

In the present application, "activated carbon powder" and "carbon powder" are used interchangeably.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

1. the invention adopts the method that the raw materials with different adhesive properties are graded and mixed with the adhesive powder, which is beneficial to improving the mixed adhesion and interface bonding effect of the activated carbon powder and the adhesive, and the total material mixed adhesion effect required by the subsequent process can be achieved only by less adhesive and forming agent, so that the mixed adhesion effect of the raw materials with different adhesive properties, the adhesive and the forming agent can be as best as possible, and simultaneously, the invention is also beneficial to improving the integral uniform mixing degree of the materials in the subsequent mixing and kneading process, and the raw materials with different adhesive properties and the adhesive can also generate better interface bonding in the subsequent high-temperature reaction process, and simultaneously, the invention is beneficial to the proceeding of the co-carbonization effect.

2. The invention adopts powerful mixing equipment and process and one-step carbonization treatment, and simultaneously combines the addition of the pore-forming agent, so that the uniform distribution of the coal powder, the carbon powder and the binder can be realized, and the active carbon with stable performance can be obtained.

3. The method only adopts one-step carbonization treatment, has the advantages of short flow and low energy consumption, is easy for industrial application, can realize continuous and stable production of the desulfurization and denitrification active carbon, and has remarkable economic and social benefits.

4. According to the invention, the metal ore is directly added into the preparation raw materials, and in the preparation process of the activated carbon, the crystal structure of the metal oxide in the metal ore is reformed and is recrystallized with C in the coal powder to form a high-strength metal oxide-C substance, so that the stable and high-strength activated carbon doped with the metal oxide is finally obtained.

5. Compared with the activated carbon prepared by recycling the carbon powder in the common method, the activated carbon prepared by recycling the carbon powder has the advantages that the usage amount of the binder and the forming agent is greatly reduced, the wear resistance and the compressive strength of the product are effectively improved, and the uniformity is better.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of a prior art process for preparing activated carbon;

FIG. 2 is a flow diagram of another prior art process for preparing activated carbon;

FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a third prior art process for preparing activated carbon;

FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a process for preparing high-performance activated carbon by blending activated carbon powder with coal according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a process flow diagram of the present invention for preparing high performance activated carbon by adding metal ore.

Detailed Description