阅读说明：本技术 具有在衬片的凹槽中离心抽吸的制动系统 (Brake system with centrifugal suction in grooves of linings ) 是由 洛伊克·阿达姆克扎克 西鲍特·莱·鲍莱雷 于 2020-03-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种制动系统,其包括制动垫块(10),所述垫块包括具有第一面(13)和第二面(14)的背衬板(1),以及由摩擦材料制成且固定到所述第一面(13)的衬片(2),所述衬片(2)由摩擦面(26)、安装面(20)、内边缘(23)、外边缘(24)、后边缘(21)和前边缘(22)定界,所述衬片(2)具备在所述摩擦面(26)上开口的至少一个收集凹槽(3),所述收集凹槽在其第一端部(31)处朝向所述内边缘(23)延伸且在其第二端部(32)处通向所述外边缘(24)。所述制动系统进一步包括收集系统,所述收集系统包括收集管(40),空气能够流动穿过所述收集管(40),所述收集管(40)的空气进入孔口(41)面向所述第二端部(32),并且所述收集凹槽(3)在其第二端部(32)处向所述外边缘(24)开口。(The invention relates to a braking system comprising a brake pad (10) comprising a backing plate (1) having a first face (13) and a second face (14), and a lining (2) made of friction material and fixed to the first face (13), the lining (2) being delimited by a friction face (26), a mounting face (20), an inner edge (23), an outer edge (24), a rear edge (21) and a front edge (22), the lining (2) being provided with at least one collection groove (3) opening onto the friction face (26), said collection groove extending at a first end (31) thereof towards the inner edge (23) and opening at a second end (32) thereof towards the outer edge (24). The brake system further comprises a collection system comprising a collection tube (40), through which air can flow (40), an air inlet aperture (41) of the collection tube (40) facing the second end (32), and the collection recess (3) opening at its second end (32) to the outer edge (24).)

1. Braking system comprising a brake pad block (10) comprising a backing plate (1) having a first face (13) and a second face (14), and a lining (2) made of friction material and fixed to the first face (13), the lining (2) being delimited by a friction face (26), a mounting face (20), an inner edge (23), an outer edge (24), a rear edge (21) and a front edge (22), the lining (2) being provided with at least one collecting groove (3) opening to the friction face (26), which collecting groove extends at a first end (31) thereof towards the inner edge (23) and has at a second end (32) thereof an opening towards the outer edge (24), the braking system being characterized in that it further comprises a collecting system comprising a collecting pipe (40) through which air can flow, the air inlet aperture (41) of the collection tube (40) is located opposite the second end (32), and wherein the collection recess (3) has an opening at its second end (32) to the outer edge (24).

2. A braking system according to claim 1, characterized in that the collection tube (40) is not in contact with the lining (2).

3. A braking system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the backing plate (1) is continuous for the entire length of the at least one groove (3).

4. A braking system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said at least one groove (3) has an opening at its first end (31) towards said inner edge (23).

5. A braking system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that said at least one groove (3) is located in the vicinity of said rear edge (21).

6. A braking system according to claim 5, characterized in that the lining (2) is provided with a second groove (3) located substantially midway between the front edge (22) and the rear edge (21).

7. A brake system according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the lining (2) is provided with an additional groove (3) located near the front edge (22).

8. A braking system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the collection system comprises a suction mechanism which is able to suck the air from the at least one collection groove (3) into the collection tube (40).

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a pollution-free braking system intended for use in machines comprising a rotating element whose rotation is to be slowed, for example, road or rail vehicles or wind turbines.

Background

In such braking systems, friction brakes eject particles and dust due to wear of the brake pads against the rotating elements. This rotating element is for example a wheel of a vehicle, or a disc driven by a wheel of a vehicle. It is well known that these particles dispersed into the surrounding environment are harmful to the health of the individual. In addition, the development of electric motors for motor vehicles has intensified the need to deal with the particles and dust generated by the wear of friction braking systems.

Therefore, there is a need to capture these particles and dust before they are released into the surrounding environment.

The known document FR 3,057,040 therefore describes a braking system comprising a braking pad 10 comprising a backing plate 1 having a first face 13 and a second face 14, and a lining 2 made of friction material and fixed to the first face 13, the lining 2 being delimited by a friction face 26, a mounting face 20, an inner edge 23, an outer edge 24, a rear edge 21 and a front edge 22. The lining 2 is provided with at least one collecting groove 3 which opens out to the friction surface 26 and which extends at its first end 31 towards the inner edge 23 and has an opening at its second end 32 towards the outer edge 34. The backing plate 1 comprises holes 17 in fluid communication with the collection recess 3. The holes 17 are connected to a collection system by means of a suction duct 40, which is able to suck in the air flowing in the groove 3, as well as particles and dust.

Such a braking system is illustrated in fig. 7 and 8 and represents the prior art.

However, this braking system has drawbacks.

In fact, particles and dust continue to escape in undesirable amounts during the braking phase.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention aims to remedy these disadvantages.

The invention aims to provide a brake system for which the capture of particles and dust emitted by the lining and the rotating element is optimized and for which the construction is as simple as possible.

This object is achieved by means of the following facts: the brake system further comprises a collection system comprising a collection tube through which air can flow, the air inlet aperture of the collection tube being located opposite the second end, and the collection recess having an opening at its second end onto the outer edge.

Thanks to these arrangements, the collection of particles and dust by the collection system is more efficient, since the air flows in the grooves from the inner edge to the outer edge of the lining. Since this direction is the natural direction of air flow in the groove under the influence of centrifugal force (no suction), the collection of particles and dust in the collector tube is more efficient.

Advantageously, the collector tube is not in contact with the backing layer.

Thus, after the braking phase, no more or less significant residual torque is generated as the pads and pads move away from the rotating element.

Advantageously, the backing plate is continuous for the entire length of the at least one groove.

Thus, the manufacture of the brake pad is simplified, since it is not necessary to drill holes in the grooves or modify the backing plate at the grooves.

Advantageously, the at least one groove is located near the rear edge.

The capture of particles and dust by the grooves is thus optimized, which particles and dust have a tendency to flow from the front to the rear of the lining, since this flow direction is the direction of movement of the rotating element relative to the stationary lining.

Advantageously, the lining is provided with a second groove located substantially midway between the front edge and the rear edge.

Thus, the vibration behavior of the pad-disc combination during braking is improved.

Advantageously, the lining is provided with an additional groove located near the leading edge.

The system according to the invention thus operates equally efficiently in both directions of rotation of the rotary element relative to the lining, which is advantageous for vehicles, such as rail vehicles, which have to be braked in both directions.

Advantageously, the collection system comprises a suction mechanism capable of sucking air from the at least one collection recess into the collection tube.

Thus, the collection of particles and dust in the collector tube is more efficient.

Drawings

The invention will be better understood and its advantages will be more apparent upon reading the following detailed description of the embodiments, which are presented as non-limiting examples. The description makes reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

figure 1 is a top view of a brake pad of a braking system according to the present invention,

figure 2 is a perspective view of a brake pad of the braking system according to the present invention,

figure 3 is a cross-sectional view along the line III-III of figure 2 of a collecting groove following the brake pad of the braking system according to the invention,

figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of a collecting groove following the brake pad in a variant of the braking system according to the invention,

figure 5 is a perspective view of a brake pad of a braking system according to another embodiment of the present invention,

figure 6 is a perspective view of a brake system according to the present invention mounted on a rotating disc,

figure 7 already described shows a top view of a spacer block according to the prior art,

the already described [ fig. 8] shows a perspective view of a spacer according to the prior art.

Detailed Description

The invention relates to a braking system comprising a brake pad 10 intended for braking a brake of a rotating element 9 of a machine. The invention is described below in the case where the machine is a road vehicle in which this brake is a disc brake. However, the invention is equally applicable in the case of brake pads in shoe brakes used in vehicles on rails (rail vehicles) that rub on wheels, or in the case of brake pads used in any other industrial machine (for example in the case of wind turbines). In all cases, braking of the rotating element of the machine is achieved by friction of the brake pads on this rotating element during rotation of this rotating element.

In a disc brake, braking is achieved by friction between a disc integral with the wheel of the vehicle (which is the rotating element 9) and two brake pads 10 which press on this disc 9, one on each side so as to sandwich it. The disc 9 extends in a main plane and has an axis a perpendicular to this main plane as its axis of rotation.

Each of the pads 10 extends in this main plane such that the thickness of the pads 10 extends along the axis of rotation a.

The disc 9 rotates about the rotation axis a in a rotation direction FW defining a tangential direction T tangent to the circumference of the disc 9 and oriented in the rotation direction FW, and a radial direction R orthogonal to the rotation axis a in the main plane of the disc 9.

These elements are indicated in fig. 6, which shows the braking device mounted on the disc 9.

In the description that follows, the terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the edges or regions of the brake pad 10 (or components thereof) that are positioned closest to and farthest from the axis of rotation A, respectively, and the terms "front" and "rear" refer to the edges or regions of the brake pad 10 (or components thereof) that are positioned upstream and downstream, respectively, relative to the direction of flow of the particles 28 emitted by the lining 2 (described below), which is also the direction of rotation FW.

As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, the brake pad 10 includes a backing plate 1, also referred to as a backing plate. The backing plate 1 is made of, for example, metal. The backing plate 1 is a flat plate of substantially constant thickness, for example between 3mm and 7mm, in its main plane its general shape being a trapezoid with straight or curved edges.

The backing plate 1 comprises a first face 13, on which the lining 2 is fixed, and a second face 14, opposite the first face 13.

The backing plate 1 also comprises two ears (11, 12) extending in the plane of the backing plate 1 at its two lateral ends and serving to hold and guide the pad 10.

The brake pad 10 further comprises a lining 2 made of a friction material. For example, this material is a material known as "ferodo".

The lining 2 is delimited by a friction face 26 ("rubbing"), a mounting face 20 opposite the friction face 26 (these two faces are parallel) and fixed to the backing plate 1, an inner edge 23, an outer edge 24, a rear edge 21 and a front edge 22. The outer 24, rear 21 and front 22 edges are convex or rectilinear and the inner edge 23 is concave or rectilinear.

As the lining 2 wears, the friction face 26 gradually approaches the backing plate 1. Therefore, the thickness of the lining 2 (measured along the rotation axis a) decreases as it wears.

During operation, the lining 2 (and the rotating element 9) releases the particles 28 due to the friction between the lining 2 and the disc 9. The path of the particles 28 along the friction face 26 is indicated in fig. 1 and 2 by dashed lines.

The lining 2 is provided with at least one collection groove 3 opening to the friction surface 26.

The groove 3 has a first end 31 and a second end 32. The groove 3 extends at its first end 31 at its inner edge 23 and has an opening onto the outer edge 24 at its second end 32.

"the groove 3 extends at its end towards the edge" is understood to mean that this end of the groove 3 is located close to the edge. This end of the groove may have an opening (to the backing plate or to the edge), or no opening.

"the groove 3 has an opening towards the edge at its end" is understood to mean that the groove 3 has a communication opening at this end close to the edge, in other words by extending through the backing plate 1, or by opening directly onto this edge.

In each case, the groove 3 opens at this end remote from the friction surface 26.

According to the invention, the groove 3 opens directly onto the outer edge 24 at its second end 32.

The depth of the grooves 3 is for example equal to the height of the lining 2, meaning that the bottom of the grooves 3 coincides with the first face 13 of the backing plate 1. Alternatively, the depth of the groove 3 is less than the height of the lining 2.

For example, the collecting groove 3 has a constant rectangular cross section from its upstream end to its downstream end and thus a constant thickness.

For example, the collecting groove 3 is located near the rear edge 21. This configuration makes it possible to collect particles/dust generated by braking in this groove 3 more efficiently, as long as the particles naturally flow from the front to the rear of the lining 2. In practice, this flow direction is the direction of movement of the rotating element 9 relative to the stationary lining 2.

Optionally, the patch 2 further comprises a second collecting groove 3 located substantially midway between the front edge 22 and the rear edge 21.

This position of the second collection groove 3 makes it possible to minimize undesired vibrations of the lining 2.

The braking system includes a collection system comprising a collection tube 40 through which air can flow. The collection tube 40 has an air inlet aperture 41 located opposite the second end 32 of the recess 3, as illustrated in figures 1 to 4. Air flowing in the groove 3 enters the collector tube 40 through this inlet opening 41.

Advantageously, the collection system comprises suction means (not shown) able to suck air from the grooves 3 into the collection tube 40. Thus, it is more efficient to collect particles/dust (from the grooves 3) into the collecting tube 40.

This configuration also has the following advantages: the air flow forced by the suction mechanism of the collection system is carried out in the same direction as the natural air flow in the grooves 3. In fact, under the influence of centrifugal forces, air naturally flows from the first end 31 to the second end 32. Thus, the collection system is more efficient.

As illustrated in fig. 1 to 3, the groove 3 does not open onto the inner edge 23. Thus, the wall formed by the lining 2 separates the first end 31 from the inner edge 23. Thus, the manufacture of the lining 2 is simplified.

Advantageously, the groove 3 also has no opening through the backing plate 1. In this case, the backing plate 1 is continuous for the entire length of the groove 3, meaning that it does not have holes that enable air to travel from the groove 3 through the backing plate 1. The manufacture of the brake pad is thus simplified, since the backing plate 1 does not have to be modified (e.g. by drilling) at the grooves 3.

Alternatively, at the inner edge 23, the groove 3 is shaped as a channel 90 which communicates the remaining part of the groove 3 with the inner edge 23, so that the groove 3 opens onto the inner edge 23, as shown in fig. 4. This channel 90 thus has a continuous side wall surrounded by the lining 2, its first end opening into the rest of the groove 3 and its second end (which is thus the first end 31 of the groove 3) opening onto the inner edge 23. This arrangement improves the air flow in the grooves 3, including when the lining 2 is worn. Advantageously, the channel 90 is as close as possible to the backing plate 1 in order to maximize the working thickness of the lining 2 during operation.

The channel 90 has a constant cross-section, for example a circular cross-section.

Alternatively, the cross-section of the channel 90 at its first end is larger than at its second end, so that air is more likely to enter the groove 3 through the channel 90.

Advantageously, in all embodiments, the collection tube 40 is not in contact with the backing sheet 2. Therefore, after the braking phase, no more or less significant residual torque is generated when the lining 2 and the backing plate 1 are moved away from the rotating element, this residual torque being generated by the fact that the tube is in contact with the lining 2 or the backing plate 1.

In this configuration, the collection tube 40 is located outside the displacement region of the backing plate 1 (the amplitude of this displacement, which is produced by wear of the lining 2 over the service life of the brake pad block 10), so that the collection tube 40 does not come into contact with the lining 2 or the backing plate 1 during the entire service life of the brake pad block 10.

In this configuration, advantageously, the inlet aperture 41 of the collection tube 40 is furthermore positioned as close as possible to the outer edge 24, in order to maximize the passage of air between the groove 3 and the collection tube 40.

Figure 5 illustrates a situation in which the lining 2 is provided with an additional groove 3 near the front edge 22 in addition to the first groove 3 near the rear edge 21. The lining 2 thus comprises two grooves 3.

The collecting device thus comprises a first collecting tube 40 into which air from the first recess 3 can flow, and a second collecting tube 40 into which air from the additional recess 3 can flow. Each of these tubes is connected to an element that is part of the collecting device.

Advantageously, the collection system comprises suction means able to suck air from the flutes 3 into each of the collection tubes 40.

This double-groove 3 configuration is suitable for vehicles that are subject to braking in both directions, such as rail vehicles. In fact, in this case, the particles 28 released by the friction of the shoe brake 2 on the rotating element may flow from the front edge 22 to the rear edge 21 or from the rear edge 21 to the front edge 22. The presence of two grooves 3 makes it possible to trap the particles in the grooves 3, irrespective of the braking direction of the vehicle.

According to a further embodiment, the lining 2 comprises a further groove 3 (referred to as second groove) located substantially midway between the front edge 22 and the rear edge 21, this second groove 3 having been described above. The additional groove 3 located near the front edge 22 is thus a third groove 3. This embodiment thus makes it possible to minimize undesired vibrations of the lining 2 and to trap particles in the grooves 3 regardless of the braking direction of the vehicle.

Advantageously, the collection system comprises suction means able to suck air from the flutes 3 into each of the collection tubes 40.

Generally, the suction mechanism comprises an element capable of sucking air through the collection tube 40. For example, this element is a pump. For example, this element is located downstream of the collector tube 40 in the natural direction of air flow. Advantageously, this element comprises a filter.

Alternatively, the element capable of drawing in air passing through the suction duct 40 is a unit located on the path of the air in the suction duct 40 downstream of the inlet orifice 41 and designed with an upstream inlet having a cross section smaller than that of its downstream outlet.