阅读说明：本技术 一种茄衣茄套用烟叶的处理工艺 (Processing technology of tobacco leaves for eggplant coat and eggplant sleeve ) 是由 刘辉 江雪彬 王剑 潘勇 夏秋冬 叶明樵 施友志 刘利平 李林林 于 2021-09-08 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种茄衣茄套用烟叶的处理工艺,涉及雪茄加工技术领域,包括以下步骤：(1)将烟叶低温下冷冻；(2)将烟叶进行真空回潮处理；(3)将烟叶进行浸柄；(4)将烟叶进行室内晾挂,所述室内晾挂的室内温度为23-26℃,湿度为93-96%,晾挂的时间为12-24h；(5)为经过步骤(4)处理的烟叶喷洒白酒,喷洒白酒的质量为烟叶质量的0.6-0.7%；(6)将烟叶进行发酵,所述发酵的温度为45-55℃,相对湿度为75%-85%,发酵的时间为1-7天；(7)将处理的烟叶进行喷雾回潮；(8)再将烟叶去梗、分级,再进行水分平衡；(9)进行冷藏养护。本发明的工艺处理以后的烟叶含水量均匀,烟叶制成雪茄燃烧的时候燃烧均匀,不会有杂气产生,能够改善烟叶香气、吸味。(The invention provides a processing technology of tobacco leaves for a eggplant sleeve, which relates to the technical field of cigar processing and comprises the following steps: (1) freezing tobacco leaves at low temperature; (2) carrying out vacuum moisture regain treatment on tobacco leaves; (3) dipping the tobacco leaves into stems; (4) carrying out indoor airing and hanging on the tobacco leaves, wherein the indoor temperature of the indoor airing and hanging is 23-26 ℃, the humidity is 93-96%, and the airing and hanging time is 12-24 h; (5) spraying liquor on the tobacco leaves treated in the step (4), wherein the mass of the sprayed liquor is 0.6-0.7% of that of the tobacco leaves; (6) fermenting tobacco leaves at the temperature of 45-55 ℃ and the relative humidity of 75-85% for 1-7 days; (7) spraying and dampening the treated tobacco leaves; (8) removing stems of the tobacco leaves, grading, and balancing moisture; (9) and (5) refrigerating and maintaining. The tobacco leaves treated by the process have uniform water content, and the tobacco leaves are uniformly combusted when being made into cigars, so that miscellaneous gas is not generated, and the fragrance and the smoking taste of the tobacco leaves can be improved.)

1. The tobacco leaf treatment process for the eggplant sleeve is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

(1) freezing tobacco leaves at the low temperature of-18 to-16 ℃ for 10 to 14 days;

(2) carrying out vacuum moisture regain treatment on the tobacco leaves treated in the step (1), and increasing the moisture content of the tobacco leaves subjected to the vacuum moisture regain treatment by 2-4%;

(3) immersing tobacco stems of the tobacco leaves treated in the step (2) into water at the temperature of 30-35 ℃, immersing the tobacco stems, and storing the tobacco leaves for 3-4 hours in a sealed manner;

(4) carrying out indoor airing and hanging on the tobacco leaves treated in the step (3), wherein the indoor temperature of the indoor airing and hanging is 23-26 ℃, the humidity is 93-96%, and the airing and hanging time is 12-24 h;

(5) spraying liquor on the tobacco leaves treated in the step (4), wherein the mass of the sprayed liquor is 0.6-0.7% of that of the tobacco leaves;

(6) fermenting the tobacco leaves treated in the step (5), wherein the fermentation temperature is 45-55 ℃, the relative humidity is 75-85%, and the fermentation time is 1-7 days;

(7) carrying out spray moisture regaining on the tobacco leaves treated in the step (6);

(8) removing stems of the tobacco leaves, grading, and balancing the moisture at the temperature of 23-25 ℃ and the humidity of 63-67% to enable the moisture content of the tobacco leaves to be 16-18%;

(9) and then the tobacco leaves are refrigerated and maintained.

2. The process for treating tobacco leaves for eggplant sleeves according to claim 1, wherein the temperature for the cold storage curing is 5 ℃ and the time for the cold storage curing is 40 to 60 days.

3. The process of claim 1, wherein the tobacco leaves after the vacuum conditioning treatment have a temperature of 55-70 ℃.

4. The tobacco treatment process for eggplant sleeve according to claim 3, wherein the moisture regain of the vacuum moisture-regained tobacco sheet is not less than 98%.

5. The process of claim 1, wherein the time for dipping the stem is 1-2 min.

6. The process of claim 1, wherein the moisture content of the tobacco stem after the stem soaking is not less than 20%.

7. The process for treating tobacco leaves for eggplant coats and eggplant sleeves according to claim 1, wherein the alcohol content of the white spirit is 40-55%.

8. The process for treating tobacco leaves for eggplant coats and eggplant sleeves according to claim 1, wherein the cut stem content of the cut stems is less than or equal to 0.5%, and the stem content of the cut stems is less than or equal to 0.5%.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of cigar processing, in particular to a processing technology of tobacco leaves for a cigar coat and a cigar sleeve.

Background

Cigars are tobacco products made from dried and fermented tobacco which are smoked on one end and then smoked hoots on the other end to produce smoke. The main producing countries of cigar tobacco are: brazil, karilong, cuba, dominican republic, honduras, indonesia, mexico, nicaragua, and the united states as well as china, southeast asia. Unlike cigarettes, cigars have very little smoke flavor, usually some fermented tobacco and other flavors. The darker the color of the eggplant leaves, the sweeter and stronger the taste, and the higher the oil and sugar content of the eggplant leaves. Because cigar smoking is somewhat different from cigarette smoking, a typical cigar smoker does not inhale the cigar smoke into the lungs, but instead lets the smoke flow in the mouth, so cigar smokers suffer from lower rates of emphysema and lung cancer than cigarette smokers, but higher rates than non-smokers.

Cigars are a kind of rolled whole tobacco leaves, and the tobacco leaves for making cigars can be divided into a coat, a sleeve and a core according to the application in the product, and are also commonly called as outer wrapper, inner wrapper and core leaf in China. The cigar coat is an essence part of the cigar, has the effects of protecting and beautifying the cigar and improving the taste of the cigar, and plays a decisive role in the quality of the cigar. The quality requirements of high-quality eggplant-coated and eggplant-covered tobacco leaves are high, the physical properties of the incoming material cigar tobacco leaves cannot meet the processing requirements due to low moisture, and meanwhile, the incoming material can carry tobacco beetles and other imagoes and insect eggs of organisms which are generated in the tobacco planting and production links and attached to the tobacco leaves and feed on the tobacco leaves, and cannot be directly used for production. At present, no mature technical system, matched process flow and reasonable process parameters exist in the field of cigar tobacco processing.

A method for manufacturing a dark cigar wrapper is provided in a published Chinese patent with the application number of CN201810270386.6, A, selecting tobacco leaves for manufacturing the dark cigar wrapper; B. uniformly spraying purified water on the tobacco leaves to enable the water content of the tobacco leaves to reach 25% -28%, and then balancing the moisture of the tobacco leaves for 24 hours; C. neatly stacking tobacco leaves in a wooden barrel, and inserting a thermometer; D. putting the wooden barrel filled with the tobacco leaves into a fermentation chamber for fermentation, wherein the temperature of the fermentation chamber is kept at 34-36 ℃, and the humidity of the fermentation chamber is kept at 73% -77%; E. when the temperature of the thermometer reaches 45 ℃, turning the tobacco leaves in the wooden barrel; F. testing the moisture of the tobacco leaves in the wooden barrel every day to keep the moisture of the tobacco leaves at 25% -28%, and continuing to ferment; G. and E, continuously repeating the step E and the step F for fermentation, and obtaining the dark cigar coat after the fermentation is finished. In the application, the fermentation speed is low, the prepared tobacco leaves have poor fragrance after being made into cigars, miscellaneous gas can be mixed in the smoke, and the prepared cigars are not uniformly combusted when being made into cigars.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the invention provides a process for treating tobacco leaves used for eggplant coats, the tobacco leaves treated by the process have uniform moisture content, and impurities such as scraps or worms are not mixed in the tobacco leaves, so that the tobacco leaves are uniformly combusted when being made into cigars and no miscellaneous gas is generated, and in addition, the treatment in the fermentation process can improve the aroma, the smoking taste and the like of the tobacco leaves.

The invention relates to a processing technology of tobacco leaves for eggplant coats and eggplant sleeves, which comprises the following steps:

(1) preparing feeding tobacco leaves of eggplant coats and eggplant cover tobacco leaves according to a production plan and a product leaf group formula, freezing the tobacco leaves for 10-14 days at a low temperature of-18 to-16 to destroy and kill tobacco beetles and other imagoes and worm eggs of organisms which are generated in tobacco planting and production links and adhere to the tobacco leaves and feed on the tobacco leaves, removing wrappage such as a tobacco box and a jute bag from the tobacco leaves subjected to low-temperature insecticidal treatment, removing impurities and the tobacco leaves which do not meet process requirements, influencing the permeability of cells after low-temperature treatment, wherein the tobacco leaves contain free water and bound water, and the free water is not adsorbed by biological cells, can move freely and is volatile; the bound water is an important component of a cell structure and is not easy to freely move and volatilize, most of aroma substances in the tobacco leaves such as acids, alcohols, phenols, ethers and the like are dissolved in the bound water, and the free water and the bound water can be mutually converted; the frozen tobacco leaves have good permeability of cells, so that free water is easier to evaporate in the drying process, and in addition, as the structure of the tobacco leaves cells is damaged in the freezing process, fragrant substances in the tobacco cells are easier to come out during combustion, so that the improvement of the tobacco fragrance can be facilitated;

(2) carrying out vacuum moisture regain on the tobacco leaves treated in the step (1), so that the crushing resistance of the tobacco leaves is improved, the phenomenon of tobacco leaf adhesion and cake formation is reduced, the tobacco leaves are loosened, meanwhile, the miscellaneous gas in the tobacco leaves is reduced, the product odor absorption is improved, the temperature of the tobacco leaves subjected to vacuum moisture regain is 55-70 ℃, the water content is increased by 2-4% (the water content of the tobacco leaves after moisture regain is about 12-13%), and the moisture regain of the tobacco wrapping sheets is more than or equal to 98%;

(3) immersing the tobacco stems of the tobacco leaves processed in the step (2) into water at the temperature of 30-35 ℃ for stem immersion for 1-2min, wherein the moisture content of the tobacco stems after stem immersion is more than or equal to 20%, the stem immersion is used for increasing the moisture content of the tobacco stems, improving the moisture content of the whole tobacco leaves through conduction of leaf veins, and sealing and storing the tobacco leaves for 3-4 h;

(4) carrying out indoor airing and hanging on the tobacco leaves processed in the step (3), hanging the tobacco leaves with the tops upward and the tips downward on hanging rods, hanging each tobacco leaf on the rods at equal intervals without overlapping, wherein the indoor temperature of the indoor airing and hanging is 23-26 ℃, the humidity is 93-96%, and the airing and hanging time is 12-24 h; (if the moisture content of the tobacco leaves does not meet the process requirements, the steps (3) and (4) can be repeated)

(5) Spraying liquor on the tobacco leaves treated in the step (4), wherein the mass of the sprayed liquor is 0.6-0.7% of the mass of the tobacco leaves, and the alcohol content of the liquor is 40-55%, the combustion performance of the tobacco leaves can be obviously improved, the tobacco fragrance can be increased, the miscellaneous gas can be removed, the fermentation process can be accelerated, and related biological enzymes or beneficial strains can be added in the fermentation process to accelerate the aging effect of the tobacco leaves. The fermentation process balances the moisture of the tobacco leaves, improves the appearance quality such as color, color and the like of the tobacco leaves, can improve the inner quality such as fragrance, taste and the like of the tobacco leaves in a short time, reduces the pungent smell such as miscellaneous gas and the like, and is mellow and delicious;

(6) fermenting the tobacco leaves treated in the step (5), wherein the fermentation temperature is 45-55 ℃, the relative humidity is 75-85%, and the fermentation time is 1-7 days;

(7) and (3) spraying and dampening the tobacco leaves treated in the step (6), improving the moisture content of the tobacco leaves, recovering the smoothness, the balance and the elasticity of the tobacco leaves, reducing the breakage in the production process, enabling the tobacco bundles to be downward in head and upward in leaf apex during treatment, continuously swinging the tobacco bundles to enable water mist to be uniformly sprayed on the tobacco leaves, enabling the tobacco bundles to be upward and downward uniformly placed on a hanging rod after being sprayed and dampened to enable excessive water on the tobacco bundles to naturally infiltrate downwards, and avoiding the water streak indentation caused by the extrusion of the tobacco leaves in the hanging rod process. And then, untying the processed tobacco bundles, removing the bundle head binding objects of the tobacco bundles, swinging the tobacco bundles when the tobacco bundles are untwisted, and loosening the tobacco leaves.

(8) Removing stems of tobacco leaves, grading the tobacco leaves, balancing the moisture, ensuring that the stem content of the leaves is less than or equal to 0.5 percent and the leaf content of the stems is less than or equal to 0.5 percent after the stems are removed, tearing the tobacco leaves from the tobacco stems to form a left half-moon-shaped leaf and a right half-moon-shaped leaf which are as complete as possible, storing the tobacco leaves after the stems are removed in a classification way according to left and right hands, classifying the tobacco leaves after the stems are removed according to the requirements of rolling cigar products with different qualities and specifications, and grading the tobacco leaves mainly according to quality factors of the tobacco leaves, and mainly comprises the following steps: according to the principle that the maturity, identity, oil content, color, thickness, width, length and the like of the qualified eggplant sleeve tobacco leaves are consistent according to the maturity, the identity of the tobacco leaves is close, the oil content of the tobacco leaves is close, the color and the thickness of the tobacco leaves are basically consistent, and the control factors are similar, the tobacco leaves are classified into A, B, C, D types according to the difference of width and length. The width and the length of the classified tobacco leaves are basically consistent. The mixed color of the eggplant sleeve cannot exceed 20 percent of the area of the tobacco leaves, and the residual injury cannot exceed 8 percent of the area of the tobacco leaves;

a type: the length is more than or equal to 40cm, and the width is more than or equal to 10 cm;

b type: the length is more than or equal to 30cm, and the width is more than or equal to 8 cm;

class C: the length is more than or equal to 20cm, and the width is more than or equal to 8 cm;

and D type: the length is more than or equal to 10cm, and the width is more than or equal to 8 cm.

The tobacco leaves which can not reach the classification standard of the cigar sleeve can be classified and used according to the tobacco leaves of the manual cigar core, and the tobacco leaves which can not reach the conditions of the cigar core tobacco leaves are used as the mechanism cigar core; the temperature of the water balance is 23-25 ℃, the humidity is 63-67%, and the water content of the tobacco leaves is 16-18%;

(9) and then, carrying out refrigeration maintenance on the tobacco leaves, wherein the refrigeration maintenance temperature is 5 ℃, the refrigeration maintenance time is 40-60 days, and subpackaging, sealing and storing the tobacco leaves for later use.

The tobacco leaves treated by the process have uniform water content, and the tobacco leaves are not mixed with impurities such as scraps or bugs, so the tobacco leaves are uniformly combusted when being made into cigars, and no miscellaneous gas is generated.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail below based on specific embodiments.

Example 1

The invention relates to a processing technology of tobacco leaves for eggplant coats and eggplant sleeves, which comprises the following steps:

(1) preparing feeding tobacco leaves of eggplant clothes and eggplant cover tobacco leaves according to a production plan and a product leaf group formula, freezing the tobacco leaves for 10 days at a low temperature of-18 ℃ to destroy and kill tobacco beetles and other imagoes and insect eggs which are generated in the tobacco planting and production links and attached to the tobacco leaves and take the tobacco leaves as organisms for eating, removing wrappage materials such as tobacco boxes and sacks from the tobacco leaves after low-temperature insecticidal treatment, and removing impurities and the tobacco leaves which do not meet the process requirements;

(2) carrying out vacuum moisture regain on the tobacco leaves treated in the step (1), so that the crushing resistance of the tobacco leaves is improved, the phenomenon of tobacco leaf adhesion and cake formation is reduced, the tobacco leaves are loosened, meanwhile, the miscellaneous gas in the tobacco leaves is reduced, the product odor absorption is improved, the temperature of the tobacco leaves subjected to vacuum moisture regain is 55 ℃, the water content is increased by 2 percent (the water content of the tobacco leaves after moisture regain is about 12-13 percent), and the moisture regain of tobacco wrapping sheets is more than or equal to 98 percent;

(3) soaking the tobacco stems of the tobacco leaves processed in the step (2) into water at 30 ℃ for stem soaking, wherein the stem soaking time is 2min, the moisture content of the tobacco stems after the stem soaking is finished is more than or equal to 20%, the stem soaking is used for increasing the moisture content of the tobacco stems, increasing the moisture content of the tobacco stems and improving the moisture content of the whole tobacco leaves through conduction of leaf veins, and the tobacco leaves are stored for 4h in a sealed mode;

(4) carrying out indoor airing and hanging on the tobacco leaves processed in the step (3), placing the tobacco leaves on a hanging rod with the tops upward and the tips downward, hanging each tobacco leaf on the rod at equal intervals without overlapping, wherein the indoor temperature of the indoor airing and hanging is 23 ℃, the humidity is 93%, and the airing and hanging time is 12 h;

(5) spraying liquor on the tobacco leaves treated in the step (4), wherein the mass of the sprayed liquor is 0.6% of that of the tobacco leaves, and the alcohol content of the liquor is 40%, so that the combustibility of the tobacco leaves can be obviously improved, the tobacco fragrance is increased, the miscellaneous gas is removed, and the fermentation process is accelerated by spraying the liquor on the tobacco leaves;

(6) fermenting the tobacco leaves treated in the step (5), wherein the fermentation temperature is 45 ℃, the relative humidity is 75%, and the fermentation time is 1 day;

(7) and (4) carrying out spray moisture regain on the tobacco leaves treated in the step (6), improving the moisture content of the tobacco leaves, reducing the breakage in the production process, enabling the tobacco bundles to be downward in handle and upward in leaf apex, continuously swinging the tobacco bundles to enable water mist to be uniformly sprayed on the tobacco leaves, enabling the tobacco bundles after being sprayed and humidified to be upward and evenly placed on a hanging rod with downward leaf apex, enabling redundant water on the tobacco bundles to naturally infiltrate downwards, and avoiding the water streak indentation caused by the extrusion of the tobacco leaves in the hanging rod process. Then, the treated tobacco bundles are subjected to bundle loosening, the bundle head binding objects of the tobacco bundles are removed, and the tobacco bundles are swung during bundle loosening to loosen the tobacco leaves;

(8) removing stems of tobacco leaves, grading, balancing water, wherein the stem content of the leaves is less than or equal to 0.5 percent and the leaf content of the stems is less than or equal to 0.5 percent in the stem removing process, tobacco leaves are torn off from tobacco stems and become left and right half-moon-shaped leaves which are as complete as possible, the tobacco leaves after stem removal are stored according to left and right hands in a classified mode, the tobacco leaves after stem removal are classified according to the requirements of rolling cigar products with different qualities and specifications, and the tobacco leaf grading is mainly determined according to quality factors of the tobacco leaves and mainly comprises the following steps: according to the principle that the maturity, identity, oil content, color, thickness, width, length and the like of the qualified eggplant sleeve tobacco leaves are consistent according to the maturity, the tobacco leaf identities are close, the tobacco leaf oil content is close, the color and the thickness of the tobacco leaves are basically consistent, and the control factors are similar, the tobacco leaves are classified into A, B, C, D types according to the principle that the width and the length are different, the temperature of water balance is 23 ℃, the humidity is 63%, and the water content of the tobacco leaves is 16%;

(9) and then, carrying out refrigeration maintenance on the tobacco leaves, wherein the refrigeration maintenance temperature is 5 ℃, the refrigeration maintenance time is 40 days, and subpackaging, sealing and storing the tobacco leaves for later use.

Example 2

The invention relates to a processing technology of tobacco leaves for eggplant coats and eggplant sleeves, which comprises the following steps:

(1) preparing feeding tobacco leaves of eggplant coat and eggplant cover tobacco leaves according to a production plan and a product leaf group formula, freezing the tobacco leaves for 14 days at a low temperature of-16, removing wrappage materials such as a tobacco box and a jute bag from the tobacco leaves subjected to low-temperature insecticidal treatment, and removing impurities and the tobacco leaves which do not meet the process requirements;

(2) carrying out vacuum moisture regain on the tobacco leaves treated in the step (1), so that the crushing resistance of the tobacco leaves is improved, the phenomenon of tobacco leaf adhesion and cake formation is reduced, the tobacco leaves are loosened, meanwhile, the miscellaneous gas in the tobacco leaves is reduced, the product odor absorption is improved, the temperature of the tobacco leaves subjected to vacuum moisture regain is 70 ℃, the water content is increased by 4 percent (the water content of the tobacco leaves after moisture regain is about 12-13 percent), and the moisture regain of tobacco wrapping sheets is more than or equal to 98 percent;

(3) soaking the tobacco stems of the tobacco leaves processed in the step (2) into water at 35 ℃ for stem soaking, wherein the stem soaking time is 1min, the moisture content of the tobacco stems after the stem soaking is finished is more than or equal to 20%, the stem soaking is used for increasing the moisture content of the tobacco stems, increasing the moisture content of the tobacco stems and improving the moisture content of the whole tobacco leaves through conduction of leaf veins, and the tobacco leaves are stored in a sealed mode for 3 h;

(4) carrying out indoor airing and hanging on the tobacco leaves processed in the step (3), placing the tobacco leaves on a hanging rod with the tops upward and the tips downward, hanging each tobacco leaf on the rod at equal intervals without overlapping, wherein the indoor temperature of the indoor airing and hanging is 26 ℃, the humidity is 96%, and the airing and hanging time is 24 hours;

(5) spraying liquor on the tobacco leaves treated in the step (4), wherein the mass of the sprayed liquor is 0.7% of that of the tobacco leaves, and the alcohol content of the liquor is 55%;

(6) fermenting the tobacco leaves treated in the step (5), wherein the fermentation temperature is 55 ℃, the relative humidity is 85%, and the fermentation time is 7 days;

(7) spraying and dampening the tobacco leaves treated in the step (6), wherein the tobacco stems are downward and upward in apex during treatment, continuously swinging the tobacco stems to enable water mist to be uniformly sprayed on the tobacco leaves, the tobacco stems after being sprayed and dampened are uniformly placed on a hanging rod with the upward and downward apexes, so that redundant water on the tobacco stems is naturally infiltrated, the water mark indentation caused by tobacco leaf extrusion is avoided in the rod hanging process, then the treated tobacco stems are released, the tobacco stem head binding objects are removed, the tobacco stems are swung when the tobacco stems are released, and the tobacco leaves are loosened;

(8) removing stems of the tobacco leaves, grading, and balancing water, wherein the stem content of the leaves is less than or equal to 0.5 percent and the leaf content of the stems is less than or equal to 0.5 percent in the stem removing process, the temperature of the water balance is 25 ℃, the humidity is 67 percent, and the water content of the tobacco leaves is 18 percent;

(9) and then, carrying out refrigeration maintenance on the tobacco leaves, wherein the refrigeration maintenance temperature is 5 ℃, the refrigeration maintenance time is 60 days, and subpackaging, sealing and storing the tobacco leaves for later use.

Example 3

The invention relates to a processing technology of tobacco leaves for eggplant coats and eggplant sleeves, which comprises the following steps:

(1) preparing feeding tobacco leaves of eggplant coat and eggplant cover tobacco leaves according to a production plan and a product leaf group formula, freezing the tobacco leaves for 13 days at a low temperature of-17, removing wrappage materials such as a tobacco box and a jute bag from the tobacco leaves subjected to low-temperature insecticidal treatment, and removing impurities and the tobacco leaves which do not meet the process requirements;

(2) carrying out vacuum moisture regain on the tobacco leaves treated in the step (1), so that the crushing resistance of the tobacco leaves is improved, the phenomenon of tobacco leaf adhesion and cake formation is reduced, the tobacco leaves are loosened, meanwhile, the miscellaneous gas in the tobacco leaves is reduced, the product odor absorption is improved, the temperature of the tobacco leaves subjected to vacuum moisture regain is 60 ℃, the water content is increased by 3 percent (the water content of the tobacco leaves after moisture regain is about 12-13 percent), and the moisture regain of tobacco wrapping sheets is more than or equal to 98 percent;

(3) soaking the tobacco stems of the tobacco leaves processed in the step (2) into water at 33 ℃ for stem soaking, wherein the stem soaking time is 1.5min, the moisture content of the tobacco stems after the stem soaking is finished is more than or equal to 20%, the stem soaking is used for increasing the moisture content of the tobacco stems, improving the moisture content of the whole tobacco leaves through conduction of leaf veins, and sealing and storing the tobacco leaves for 3.5 h;

(4) carrying out indoor airing and hanging on the tobacco leaves processed in the step (3), placing the tobacco leaves on a hanging rod with the head upwards and the tip downwards, hanging each tobacco leaf on the rod at equal intervals without overlapping, wherein the indoor temperature of the indoor airing and hanging is 25 ℃, the humidity is 95%, and the airing and hanging time is 20 hours;

(5) spraying liquor on the tobacco leaves treated in the step (4), wherein the mass of the sprayed liquor is 0.65% of that of the tobacco leaves, and the alcohol content of the liquor is 50%;

(6) fermenting the tobacco leaves treated in the step (5), wherein the fermentation temperature is 50 ℃, the relative humidity is 80%, and the fermentation time is 5 days;

(7) spraying and dampening the tobacco leaves treated in the step (6), wherein the tobacco stems are downward and upward in apex during treatment, continuously swinging the tobacco stems to enable water mist to be uniformly sprayed on the tobacco leaves, the tobacco stems after being sprayed and dampened are uniformly placed on a hanging rod with the upward and downward apexes, so that redundant water on the tobacco stems is naturally infiltrated, the water mark indentation caused by tobacco leaf extrusion is avoided in the rod hanging process, then the treated tobacco stems are released, the tobacco stem head binding objects are removed, the tobacco stems are swung when the tobacco stems are released, and the tobacco leaves are loosened;

(8) removing stems of the tobacco leaves, grading, and balancing water, wherein the stem content of the leaves is less than or equal to 0.5 percent and the leaf content of the stems is less than or equal to 0.5 percent in the stem removing process, the temperature of the water balance is 24 ℃, the humidity is 65 percent, and the water content of the tobacco leaves is 17 percent;

(9) and then, carrying out refrigeration maintenance on the tobacco leaves, wherein the refrigeration maintenance temperature is 5 ℃, the refrigeration maintenance time is 50 days, and subpackaging, sealing and storing the tobacco leaves for later use.

The tobacco leaves processed in the examples 1 to 3 are used as raw materials to be processed into cigars, the numbers of the cigars are respectively 1, 2 and 3, sensory evaluation is carried out, the standard of the sensory evaluation is as follows according to GB15269.4-2011, and sensory quality evaluation items and scores of cigars are as follows:

1. the results of the cigar test of No. 2 and No. 3 are as follows:

the tobacco leaves treated by the process have uniform water content, the tobacco leaves are uniformly combusted when being made into cigars and no miscellaneous gas is generated, in addition, the special treatment in the fermentation process can improve the fragrance, the smoking taste and the like of the tobacco leaves, improve the processing resistance of the raw material tobacco leaves, reduce the process loss in the processing process of the tobacco leaves, improve the utilization rate of the tobacco leaves and reduce the bitter taste of the tobacco leaves.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described specific embodiments, and various modifications and variations are possible. Any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made to the above embodiments in accordance with the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.