阅读说明：本技术 一种利用废旧钢轨制造锄头的方法 (Method for manufacturing hoe by utilizing waste steel rail ) 是由 陈立东 冯利臻 贾国清 付桂壮 张亮 李国昉 于 2021-08-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉农具制造领域,具体涉及一种利用废旧钢轨制造锄头的方法,包括制坯件、冲压成型以及整形开刃,其中冲压成型在具有两个水平对置的对冲台的对冲装置上进行,利用两个废旧轨道分别作为冲压成型的模具和冲压头,根据废旧轨道自身的弧形面即可生成处带有弧面的锄头,减少传统工序中锻打成型的麻烦；本发明创造性地将废旧钢轨作为制造锄头的模具,缩短了制造流程。(The invention relates to the field of agricultural tool manufacturing, in particular to a method for manufacturing a hoe by utilizing a waste steel rail, which comprises a blank manufacturing step, a punch forming step and a shaping and edging step, wherein the punch forming step is carried out on a counter-punching device with two counter-punching platforms which are horizontally opposite, two waste rails are respectively used as a die and a punch head for punch forming, the hoe with a cambered surface at the position can be generated according to the self cambered surface of the waste rail, and the trouble of forging and forming in the traditional process is reduced; the invention creatively takes the waste steel rail as the mould for manufacturing the hoe, thereby shortening the manufacturing process.)

1. A method for manufacturing a hoe by utilizing waste steel rails is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, manufacturing a blank, processing the raw materials into a semi-finished product with a blank of the hoe plate, and heating the blank to a plastic temperature;

s2, putting the hoe plate parts of the two blanks into a counter-punching device for punch forming;

s3, shaping and edging;

the opposite punching device in the S2 comprises two opposite punching tables which are horizontally arranged, a shaping steel rail is fixedly arranged in the middle of the two opposite punching tables, opposite punching steel rails are arranged on the table faces, which are opposite to the two opposite punching tables, rail heads of the two opposite punching steel rails are opposite to rail waists of the shaping steel rails, a blank is placed at the rail waists of the shaping steel rails during punching, and the blank is punched by using the treads of the opposite punching steel rails.

2. The method for manufacturing the hoe by utilizing the waste steel rail as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the width and curvature of the tread of the hedging rail is selected to be approximately consistent with the waist height and curvature of the shaping rail.

3. The method for manufacturing the hoe by utilizing the waste steel rail as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the opposite punching device further comprises a lower punching mechanism arranged right above the shaping rail, the lower punching mechanism is provided with a lower punching table for repeatedly punching up and down, and the shaping process in the step S3 comprises the step of forging on the tread of the shaping steel rail by using the lower punching mechanism.

4. The method for manufacturing the hoe by utilizing the waste steel rail as claimed in claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and S2, in the stamping forming process, pressing the tread of the shaping steel rail by using a lower punching table of a lower punching mechanism.

5. The method for manufacturing the hoe by utilizing the waste steel rail as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the opposite punching device comprises two opposite punching mechanisms, each opposite punching mechanism comprises a cylinder body, a first piston assembly and a second piston assembly, a first hydraulic cylinder is formed at the front end of each cylinder body, and a second hydraulic cylinder is formed at the rear end of each cylinder body; the first hydraulic cylinder is annular, a through hole is formed in the center of the first hydraulic cylinder, the first piston assembly comprises an annular first piston and a first plunger rod connected with the first piston, the first piston is arranged in the first hydraulic cylinder, and a collision table extends towards the inside of the through hole from the rear end of the first plunger rod; the second piston assembly comprises a second piston and a second plunger rod, the second piston is arranged in the second hydraulic cylinder, and the second plunger rod extends into the through hole.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the blank piece is made of a waste steel rail, and the method comprises the following steps:

s1.1, cutting off the waste steel rails, wherein the width of each section is 5-10 cm;

s1.2, cutting off the rail bottom of each section of waste steel rail;

s1.3, heating the waste rail with only the rail web and the rail head left, forging and molding the rail head part, and punching to form the hoe handle sleeve.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of agricultural tool manufacturing, in particular to a method for manufacturing a hoe by utilizing waste steel rails.

Background

The traditional hoe consists of a hoe plate and a hoe handle sleeve, wherein the hoe plate and the hoe handle sleeve are made of metal, and the processing means adopts manual forging and multiple forming, so that the process is complex, raw materials are wasted, and the required time is long; the forging method is old and laggard, the technical difficulty is high, the labor intensity is high, and the required size and style are mastered by experience.

In the industrial production process of the hoe, waste steel rails are mostly used as raw materials, the production process comprises the working procedures of blank making, high-temperature calcination, punching, forging and the like, the working procedures are multiple, the processing time is long, the process is complex, and the labor intensity is high.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention is directed to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a method for manufacturing a hoe by using a waste steel rail, which creatively uses the waste steel rail as a mold for manufacturing a hoe, thereby shortening the manufacturing process.

The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a hoe by utilizing waste steel rails, which comprises the following steps:

s1, manufacturing a blank, processing the raw materials into a semi-finished product with a blank of the hoe plate, and heating the blank to a plastic temperature;

s2, putting the hoe plate parts of the two blanks into a counter-punching device for punch forming;

s3, shaping and edging;

the opposite punching device in the S2 comprises two opposite punching tables which are horizontally arranged, a shaping steel rail is fixedly arranged in the middle of the two opposite punching tables, opposite punching steel rails are arranged on the table faces, which are opposite to the two opposite punching tables, rail heads of the two opposite punching steel rails are opposite to rail waists of the shaping steel rails, a blank is placed at the rail waists of the shaping steel rails during punching, and the blank is punched by using the treads of the opposite punching steel rails.

Further, the width and the radian of the tread of the hedging rail are selected to be approximately consistent with the waist height and the radian of the shaping rail.

Further, the opposite punching device further comprises a lower punching mechanism arranged right above the shaping rail, the lower punching mechanism is provided with a lower punching table for repeatedly punching up and down, and the shaping process in the step S3 comprises the step of forging on the tread of the shaping steel rail by using the lower punching mechanism.

Further, in S2, in the stamping process, the lower punch table of the lower punch mechanism is used to press the tread of the shaping steel rail.

Further, the opposite-punching device comprises two opposite-punching mechanisms, each opposite-punching mechanism comprises a cylinder body, a first piston assembly and a second piston assembly, a first hydraulic cylinder is formed at the front end of each cylinder body, and a second hydraulic cylinder is formed at the rear end of each cylinder body; the first hydraulic cylinder is annular, a through hole is formed in the center of the first hydraulic cylinder, the first piston assembly comprises an annular first piston and a first plunger rod connected with the first piston, the first piston is arranged in the first hydraulic cylinder, and a collision table extends towards the inside of the through hole from the rear end of the first plunger rod; the second piston assembly comprises a second piston and a second plunger rod, the second piston is arranged in the second hydraulic cylinder, and the second plunger rod extends into the through hole.

Further, in S1, the blank making process using the waste steel rail as a raw material includes the following steps:

s1.1, cutting off the waste steel rails, wherein the width of each section is 5-10 cm;

s1.2, cutting off the rail bottom of each section of waste steel rail;

s1.3, heating the waste rail with only the rail web and the rail head left, forging and molding the rail head part, and punching to form the hoe handle sleeve.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention discloses a method for manufacturing a hoe by utilizing waste steel rails, which is characterized in that the waste steel rails are used as a die for punch forming, the side surfaces of rail web with radian of the steel rails are directly used as forming surfaces, meanwhile, the waste steel rails are used as punching heads for punching, and the hoe with radian is directly formed in the process of involution and punching.

Drawings

The invention is further described below with reference to the following figures and examples:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the hedging mechanism in the present invention.

Description of reference numerals: blank 1, offset platform 2, shaping rail 3, offset rail 4, lower punch mechanism 5, cylinder 6, first hydraulic cylinder 61, second hydraulic cylinder 62, first piston assembly 63, first piston 631, first ram 632, striking platform 633, second piston assembly 64, second piston 641, second ram 642.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1-2, in this embodiment, a method for manufacturing a hoe by using waste steel rails, waste steel rails can be used as raw materials, the waste steel rails are made into blanks 1 and then placed in a special opposite punching device to be punched to form a hoe shape, the hedging device comprises two hedging stations 2 which are horizontally opposite, the two hedging stations 2 can be close to each other or far away from each other, a shaping steel rail 3 is fixedly arranged in the middle of the two opposite punching platforms 2, opposite punching steel rails 4 are arranged on the opposite surfaces of the two opposite punching platforms 2, and the railheads of the two hedging steel rails 4 are arranged right opposite to the web of the shaping steel rail 3, the hoe plate part of the blank 1 is placed at the web of the shaping steel rail 3 during stamping, the tread of the hedging steel rail 4 is utilized to stamp the blank 1, when selecting the blank 1 and the plastic rail, the width of the blank 1 preferably substantially matches the height of the web. The counter-punching steel rail 4 serving as the punch preferably has a wide and large rail head specification, so that the width of the tread is approximately consistent with the height of the rail web of the shaping rail, and the radian of the tread of the rail head is also approximately consistent with the radian of the side edge of the rail web of the shaping steel rail 3, and thus, the flatness of the hoe plate is ensured in the punching process.

In the actual production process, the hoe plate parts of the two blanks 1 are directly placed on two sides of the rail web of the shaping steel rail 3, the hedging device is started, the hedging steel rails 4 on the two sides punch the blanks 1, the blanks become thinner and are bent to form radians, the die patterns of the hoe are gradually formed, and finally the blanks 1 are shaped and edged to obtain the needed hoe.

In the process, the blank 1 is manufactured by cutting the waste steel rail into small sections of 5-10cm, removing the rail bottom of each section of waste steel rail, heating the waste steel rail with the rest rail web and the rail head, forging and shaping the rail head part, and punching to form a hoe handle sleeve

The steel rail is used as a pressure bearing member of a railway vehicle, a locomotive and a gantry crane, and the pressure bearing capacity of the steel rail can be naturally used as a pressure bearing base when the hoe is forged, so the shaping process in the method can be carried out on the shaping steel rail 3 in the process, and the tread of the waste steel rail has a certain radian, so that the method is very suitable for forging the hoe with the radian. In this embodiment, the forging process is performed by the lower punch mechanism 5 disposed directly above the shaping rail 3.

The lower punch mechanism 5 above can also play a role in assisting in shaping, specifically, in the process of punching and shaping on two sides, the lower punch platform of the lower punch mechanism 5 presses against the tread of the shaping steel rail 3, and vibration and longitudinal deformation of a shaping rail can be effectively reduced.

In this embodiment, the opposed punching device includes two opposed punching mechanisms, the opposed punching mechanisms include a cylinder 6, a first piston 631 assembly 63, and a second piston 641 assembly 64, the cylinder 6 has a first hydraulic cylinder 61 formed at the front end thereof, and a second hydraulic cylinder 62 formed at the rear end thereof; the first hydraulic cylinder 61 is annular, a through hole is formed in the center of the first hydraulic cylinder, the first piston 631 assembly 63 includes an annular first piston 631 and a first plunger 632 connected to the first piston 631, the first piston 631 is disposed in the first hydraulic cylinder 61, and a striking table 633 is extended from the rear end of the first plunger 632 into the through hole; the second piston 641 assembly 64 includes a second piston 641 and a second plunger 642, the second piston 641 is disposed in the second hydraulic cylinder 62, and the second plunger 642 extends into the through hole, and the operation of the offset device in this embodiment will be described in detail below.

After the blank 1 is placed at the rail web of the shaping steel rail 3, hydraulic oil is pressurized and injected into the first hydraulic cylinder 61, so that the first punch 632 drives the opposite-punching steel rail 4 to move towards the direction close to the shaping steel rail 3, the blank 1 is pressurized and fixed, and then the second hydraulic cylinder 62 is started, so that the second punch 642 repeatedly impacts the impact table 633 of the first punch 632, and the blank 1 is subjected to impact forging. Compare in one shot forming, the forging shaping material is compacter, and the internal structure is inseparabler, and the toughness of material is strengthened greatly.

Finally, the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of them should be covered in the claims of the present invention.