阅读说明：本技术 一种双-（5-甲酰基糠基）醚的制备方法 (Preparation method of bis- (5-formylfurfuryl) ether ) 是由 徐杰 范晓萌 马继平 高进 高鸣霞 苗虹 于 2020-05-19 设计创作，主要内容包括：本申请公开了一种双-(5-甲酰基糠基)醚的制备方法,所述制备方法至少包括：在含有非活性气体的氛围下,将含有5-羟甲基糠醛的物料在双组分催化体系和有机添加剂的存在下反应,制备得到双-(5-甲酰基糠基)醚。该方法是一种催化剂用量少且易分离、低污染、无溶剂的新技术,在有机添加剂的作用下,5-羟甲基糠醛脱水制备双-(5-甲酰基糠基)醚。该方法具有广阔的应用前景。(Disclosed is a method for producing bis- (5-formylfurfuryl) ether, which at least comprises: under the atmosphere containing inactive gas, the material containing 5-hydroxymethyl furfural reacts in the presence of a two-component catalytic system and an organic additive to prepare the bis- (5-formylfurfuryl) ether. The method is a new technology with less catalyst consumption, easy separation, low pollution and no solvent, and prepares the bis- (5-formyl furfuryl) ether by dehydrating 5-hydroxymethyl furfural under the action of an organic additive. The method has wide application prospect.)

1. A process for producing bis- (5-formylfurfuryl) ether, characterized by comprising at least: under the atmosphere of inactive gas, reacting a material containing 5-hydroxymethylfurfural in the presence of a two-component catalytic system and an organic additive to prepare bis- (5-formylfurfuryl) ether;

wherein the two-component catalytic system comprises a first component and a second component;

the first component is at least one of vanadium oxide compounds;

the second component is selected from at least one of nitrate;

the organic additive is at least one of organic acid and acetylacetone.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the vanadium-oxygen compound is at least one selected from vanadyl acetylacetonate, vanadyl sulfate, sodium metavanadate, vanadyl phosphate, vanadyl triethoxide, and vanadyl trichloride.

3. The production method according to claim 1, wherein the nitrate is at least one selected from the group consisting of a transition metal nitrate, a rare earth metal nitrate, and an alkali metal nitrate.

4. The production method according to claim 3, wherein the transition metal nitrate is at least one selected from the group consisting of copper nitrate, nickel nitrate, cobalt nitrate, iron nitrate, and zinc nitrate;

the alkali metal nitrate is selected from sodium nitrate;

the rare earth metal nitrate is selected from cerium nitrate.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the organic acid is at least one selected from oxalic acid and tartaric acid.

6. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the nitrate in the two-component catalytic system is 0.1-40% of the molar amount of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural;

wherein the molar amount of the nitrate is calculated by the molar amount of the metal in the nitrate.

7. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the vanadium oxide compound in the two-component catalytic system is 0.1-40% of the molar amount of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural;

wherein the molar amount of the vanadium-oxygen compound is calculated by the molar amount of the metal vanadium.

8. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the organic additive is used in an amount of 1 to 30% by mole based on the 5-hydroxymethylfurfural.

9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the reaction temperature is 50 to 200 ℃; the reaction time is 0.5-10 h; the pressure of the inactive gas is 0.02-5.0 MPa;

preferably, the reaction temperature is 60-150 ℃; the reaction time is 1-5 h; the pressure of the inert gas is 0.05 to 3.0 MPa.

10. The method of claim 1, further comprising a separation step after the reaction;

the separating at least comprises: after the reaction is finished, adding an organic solvent, filtering, removing the organic solvent, and drying to obtain the bis- (5-formyl furfuryl) ether.

Technical Field

The application relates to a preparation method of bis- (5-formyl furfuryl) ether, belonging to the field of chemical synthesis.

Background

5-hydroxymethylfurfural is an important furan compound, can be prepared by dehydrating glucose or fructose, is widely applied to the fields of medicine, chemistry, energy and the like due to excellent chemical properties, is one of the ten most important platform chemicals listed in the U.S. department of energy, and has great application prospects in the fields of fine chemical industry, medicine, degradable plastics and the like.

The bis- (5-formoxyl furfuryl) ether exists in various plants, people separate the compound from hawthorn, Lonicera confusa, lucid ganoderma and Ligusticum wallichii respectively, and pharmacological experiments show that the compound has the effects of resisting virus, resisting nitridation and inhibiting mycobacterium tuberculosis. Through literature research, the report of preparing bis- (5-formylfurfuryl) ether by catalyzing 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to dehydrate in the absence of solvent is not found at present.

Disclosure of Invention

According to one aspect of the application, the method is a novel technology with easy catalyst separation, low pollution and no solvent, and the method has wide application prospect in catalyzing 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to dehydrate and prepare the bis- (5-formylfurfuryl) ether in an inactive gas atmosphere and under the solvent-free condition.

The present application provides a process for the preparation of bis- (5-formylfurfuryl) ether, the process at least comprising: under the atmosphere of inactive gas, reacting a material containing 5-hydroxymethylfurfural in the presence of a two-component catalytic system and an organic additive to prepare bis- (5-formylfurfuryl) ether;

wherein the two-component catalytic system comprises a first component and a second component;

the first component is at least one of vanadium oxide compounds;

the second component is selected from at least one of nitrate;

the organic additive is at least one of organic acid and acetylacetone.

Optionally, the inert gas comprises nitrogen and an inert gas.

Optionally, the vanadium-oxygen compound is selected from at least one of vanadyl acetylacetonate, vanadyl sulfate, sodium metavanadate, vanadyl phosphate, vanadyl triethoxide, and vanadyl trichloride.

Optionally, the nitrate is selected from at least one of transition metal nitrate, rare earth metal nitrate, alkali metal nitrate.

Optionally, the transition metal nitrate is selected from at least one of copper nitrate, nickel nitrate, cobalt nitrate, ferric nitrate, and zinc nitrate;

the alkali metal nitrate is selected from sodium nitrate;

the rare earth metal nitrate is selected from cerium nitrate.

Optionally, the organic acid is selected from at least one of oxalic acid and tartaric acid.

Optionally, the amount of the nitrate in the bi-component catalytic system is 0.1-40% of the molar weight of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural;

wherein the molar amount of the nitrate is calculated by the molar amount of the metal in the nitrate.

Optionally, the amount of nitrate used in the two-component catalytic system is such that the upper limit of the molar amount of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural is independently selected from 0.3%, 0.5%, 0.6%, 1%, 3%, 5%, 6%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 12%, 15%, 16%, 19%, 20%, 21%, 23%, 25%, 27%, 30%, 32%, 36%, 40%; the lower limit is independently selected from 0.1%, 0.3%, 0.5%, 0.6%, 1%, 3%, 5%, 6%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 12%, 15%, 16%, 19%, 20%, 21%, 23%, 25%, 27%, 30%, 32%, 36%.

Optionally, the amount of the vanadium oxide compound in the bi-component catalytic system is 0.1-40% of the molar weight of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural;

wherein the molar amount of the vanadium-oxygen compound is calculated by the molar amount of the metal vanadium.

Optionally, the amount of vanadium oxide compound used in the two-component catalytic system is such that the upper limit of the molar amount of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural is independently selected from 0.3%, 0.6%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 6%, 7%, 9%, 11%, 12%, 15%, 16%, 18%, 19%, 21%, 23%, 25%, 27%, 30%, 32%, 36%, 40%; the lower limit is independently selected from 0.1%, 0.3%, 0.6%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 6%, 7%, 9%, 11%, 12%, 15%, 16%, 18%, 19%, 21%, 23%, 25%, 27%, 30%, 32%, 36%.

Optionally, the organic additive is used in an amount of 1-30% of the molar amount of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural.

Optionally, the organic additive is used in an amount such that the upper limit of the molar amount of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural is independently selected from 1.5%, 2%, 3%, 5%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 12%, 13%, 15%, 17%, 18%, 20%, 23%, 25%, 28%, 30%; the lower limit is independently selected from 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 3%, 5%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 12%, 13%, 15%, 17%, 18%, 20%, 23%, 25%, 28%.

Optionally, the reaction temperature is 50-200 ℃; the reaction time is 0.5-10 h; the pressure of the inert gas is 0.02-5.0 MPa.

Preferably, the reaction temperature is 60-150 ℃; the reaction time is 1-5 h; the pressure of the inert gas is 0.05 to 3.0 MPa.

Still more preferably, the inert gas pressure is 0.1 to 1.0 MPa; the reaction temperature is 70-100 ℃; the reaction time is 1-3 h.

Optionally, the upper pressure limit of the inactive gas is independently selected from 0.05MPa, 0.1MPa, 0.5MPa, 1.0MPa, 1.4MPa, 1.7MPa, 2.3MPa, 2.6MPa, 2.9MPa, 3.1MPa, 3.5MPa, 3.8MPa, 4.2MPa, 4.7MPa, 5.0 MPa; the lower limits are independently selected from 0.02MPa, 0.05MPa, 0.1MPa, 0.3MPa, 0.7MPa, 1.1MPa, 1.5MPa, 1.8MPa, 2.2MPa, 2.6MPa, 3.1MPa, 3.6MPa, 4.0MPa, 4.5MPa, 4.8 MPa.

Optionally, the upper limit of the reaction temperature is independently selected from 55 ℃, 65 ℃, 75 ℃, 85 ℃, 95 ℃, 110 ℃, 125 ℃, 140 ℃, 155 ℃, 170 ℃, 180 ℃, 190 ℃, 200 ℃; the lower limit is independently selected from 50 deg.C, 60 deg.C, 70 deg.C, 80 deg.C, 90 deg.C, 105 deg.C, 120 deg.C, 135 deg.C, 150 deg.C, 165 deg.C, 175 deg.C, 185 deg.C, 195 deg.C.

Alternatively, the upper limit of the reaction time is independently selected from 1h, 2h, 3h, 6h, 8h, 10 h; the lower limit is independently selected from 0.5h, 1.5h, 2.5h, 5h, 7h, 9 h.

Optionally, a separation step is further included after the reaction;

the separating at least comprises: after the reaction is finished, adding an organic solvent, filtering, removing the organic solvent, and drying to obtain the bis- (5-formyl furfuryl) ether.

According to the method for preparing bis- (5-formyl furfuryl) ether by catalyzing 5-hydroxymethyl furfural to dehydrate, nitrate and vanadium species are used as catalysts, a small amount of organic additive is added, 5-hydroxymethyl furfural is dehydrated into bis- (5-formyl furfuryl) ether in an inactive gas atmosphere, the reaction condition is mild, an organic solvent is not used, the catalyst is small in dosage and easy to separate, the product yield is high, and the preparation method is simple and convenient to operate, green, economical and environment-friendly.

The method of the invention is shown as formula 1:

preferably, in the nitrogen atmosphere, the nitrogen pressure is 0.02-5.0MPa, the reaction is carried out for 0.5-10h at 50-200 ℃ under the action of a catalyst and an organic additive, and the product is separated to obtain the bis- (5-formylfurfuryl) ether.

Optionally, adding 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, a catalyst and an organic additive into a reaction kettle, mixing, heating to 50-200 ℃, wherein the pressure of an inactive gas is 0.02-5.0MPa, the reaction time is 0.5-10h, and dehydrating the 5-hydroxymethylfurfural into bis- (5-formylfurfuryl) ether.

Optionally, after obtaining the bis- (5-formylfurfuryl) ether, isolating the bis- (5-formylfurfuryl) ether is included.

Alternatively, isolating the bis- (5-formylfurfuryl) ether comprises the steps of: after the reaction is finished, adding an organic solvent to dissolve the mixture after the reaction, filtering to remove the catalyst, removing the solvent by rotary evaporation, and drying to obtain a solid, namely the bis- (5-formoxyl furfuryl) ether.

Specifically, according to the method provided by the invention, the separation method of the etherification product comprises the steps of cooling a mixture by water after the reaction is finished, adding acetonitrile to dissolve the reacted mixture, filtering to remove the catalyst, removing the solvent by rotary evaporation, adding ethyl acetate, carrying out vacuum filtration, removing the solvent by rotary evaporation of the obtained filtrate, and drying to obtain a white solid.

According to the route provided by the invention, 5-hydroxymethyl furfural realizes dehydroxylation and dehydrogenation under the action of a catalyst and an organic additive in a nitrogen atmosphere, namely intermolecular dehydration is carried out to generate bis- (5-formylfurfuryl) ether.

In the process for preparing bis- (5-formylfurfuryl) ether herein, the reaction may be catalyzed by the use of an organic additive, which may also be included as part of the catalyst system.

The beneficial effects that this application can produce include:

1) the invention realizes the preparation of bis- (5-formylfurfuryl) ether by catalyzing 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to dehydrate under the solvent-free condition for the first time;

2) the catalyst system has high activity, good product selectivity, low consumption, low price, easy obtaining, environmental protection and economy;

3) the method has mild reaction conditions, less catalyst consumption, easy separation from a reaction system after reaction, high quality of separated and purified products, and purity of the separated products reaching more than 99 percent through test analysis of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer and the like and comparison with retention time of a standard sample.

Detailed Description

The present application will be described in detail with reference to examples, but the present application is not limited to these examples.

According to the method for preparing bis- (5-formyl furfuryl) ether by catalyzing 5-hydroxymethyl furfural to dehydrate, nitrate and vanadium species are used as catalysts, a small amount of organic additive is added, 5-hydroxymethyl furfural is dehydrated under the nitrogen atmosphere, and a product is separated to obtain bis- (5-formyl furfuryl) ether.

The separation method of the etherification product comprises the steps of cooling a mixture to room temperature by water after the reaction is finished, adding acetonitrile to dissolve the reacted mixture, filtering to remove the catalyst, removing the solvent by rotary evaporation, adding ethyl acetate, carrying out vacuum filtration, removing the solvent by rotary evaporation of the obtained filtrate, and drying to obtain a solid.

In the specific operation, the organic additive, nitrate and vanadium species and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural are placed into a reaction kettle, the temperature is increased to 50-200 ℃, the nitrogen pressure is 0.02-5.0MPa, the reaction time is 0.5-10h, and the 5-hydroxymethylfurfural is dehydrated into the bis- (5-formylfurfuryl) ether.

The inert gas pressure in this application is preferably 0.05-3.0MPa, most preferably 0.1-1.0 MPa; the reaction temperature is preferably 60-150 ℃, and most preferably 70-100 ℃; the reaction time is preferably 1 to 5 hours, most preferably 1 to 3 hours.

The invention provides a method for preparing bis- (5-formylfurfuryl) ether by catalyzing 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to dehydrate, which takes nitrate and vanadium species as catalysts and adds a small amount of organic additives in a nitrogen atmosphere to dehydrate 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to generate bis- (5-formylfurfuryl) ether. The bis- (5-formyl furfuryl) ether product prepared by the method has high purity, does not add an organic solvent, and is green and environment-friendly.

The conversion, selectivity, and separation in the examples of the present application were calculated as follows (the amounts in the following are amounts of substances):

the gas chromatograph in this application is Agilent 7890A.

Example 1:

mixing 10mmol 5-hydroxymethyl furfural, 0.01mmol Cu (NO)₃)₂，0.01mmol VOSO₄3mmol oxalic acid is added into a 50mL reaction kettle, the kettle is closed, the air in the kettle is replaced by nitrogen for 7 times, 0.1MPa nitrogen is filled, the temperature is raised to 80 ℃, and the reaction is carried out for 0.5h at the temperature. After the reaction was completed, the reacted mixture was cooled to room temperature with water, acetonitrile was added to dissolve the solid, and then the catalyst was removed by filtration. Adding the internal standard mesitylene, sampling and carrying out gas chromatography analysis. Removing acetonitrile by rotary evaporation, adding ethyl acetate, vacuum-filtering, removing ethyl acetate by rotary evaporation, and vacuum-drying to obtain solid with Gas Chromatography (GC) purity of more than 99%.

The conversion of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, the GC yield of bis- (5-formylfurfuryl) ether and the isolation yield of bis- (5-formylfurfuryl) ether were calculated, respectively. The conversion of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural was 95%, the GC yield of bis- (5-formylfurfuryl) ether was 92%, and the isolation yield of bis- (5-formylfurfuryl) ether was 91%.

Example 2

Mixing 10mmol 5-hydroxymethyl furfural, 0.05mmol Ni (NO)₃)₂，0.06mmol NaVO₃2mmol tartaric acid is added into a 50mL reaction kettle, the kettle is closed, helium is used for replacing air in the kettle for 7 times, helium with the pressure of 5.0Mpa is filled, the temperature is raised to 50 ℃, and the reaction is carried out for 1 hour at the temperature. After the reaction was completed, according to the method described in example 1, cooling and sampling analysis, the conversion of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural was 75%, the GC yield of bis- (5-formylfurfuryl) ether was 72%, and the isolation yield was 71%.

Example 3

Mixing 10mmol 5-hydroxymethyl furfural, 0.1mmol Co (NO)₃)₂，0.1mmol VOPO₄1mmol of acetylacetone was added to a 50mL reaction vessel, the vessel was closed, the air in the vessel was replaced with nitrogen for 7 times, 3.0MPa of nitrogen was charged, the temperature was raised to 60 ℃ and the reaction was carried out at that temperature for 1.5 hours. After the reaction was completed, according to the method described in example 1, cooling and sampling analysis, the conversion of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural was 50%, the GC yield of bis- (5-formylfurfuryl) ether was 48%, and the isolation yield was 47%.

Example 4

10mmol of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and 0.3mmol of Ce (NO)₃)₃，0.2mmol VO(OEt)₃0.8mmol of oxalic acid is added into a 50mL reaction kettle, the kettle is closed, the air in the kettle is replaced by nitrogen for 7 times, 0.02MPa of nitrogen is filled, the temperature is raised to 200 ℃, and the reaction is carried out for 2 hours at the temperature. After the reaction was completed, according to the method described in example 1, cooling and sampling analysis, the conversion of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural was 86%, the GC yield of bis- (5-formylfurfuryl) ether was 83%, and the isolation yield was 82%.

Example 5

Mixing 10mmol 5-hydroxymethyl furfural and 0.5mmol NaNO₃，0.4mmol VO(acac)₂0.5mmol tartaric acid was added to a 50mL reaction vessel and the solution was quenchedThe air in the kettle is replaced by nitrogen for 7 times, 1.0MPa nitrogen is filled, the temperature is raised to 70 ℃, and the reaction is carried out for 2.5 hours at the temperature. After the reaction was completed, according to the method described in example 1, cooling and sampling analysis, the conversion of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural was 73%, the GC yield of bis- (5-formylfurfuryl) ether was 70%, and the isolation yield was 69%.

Example 6

10mmol of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and 0.8mmol of Fe (NO)₃)₃，0.7mmol VOCl₃0.1mmol of acetylacetone was added to a 50mL reaction vessel, the vessel was closed, the air in the vessel was replaced with nitrogen for 7 times, 0.8MPa of nitrogen was charged, the temperature was raised to 80 ℃ and the reaction was carried out at that temperature for 3 hours. After the reaction was completed, according to the method described in example 1, cooling and sampling analysis, the conversion of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural was 48%, the GC yield of bis- (5-formylfurfuryl) ether was 45%, and the isolation yield was 44%.

Example 7

Mixing 10mmol 5-hydroxymethyl furfural, 1mmol Zn (NO)₃)₂，1.1mmol VOSO₄1.7mmol of oxalic acid is added into a 50mL reaction kettle, the kettle is closed, the air in the kettle is replaced by nitrogen for 7 times, 0.05MPa of nitrogen is filled, the temperature is raised to 150 ℃, and the reaction is carried out for 5 hours at the temperature. After the reaction was completed, according to the method described in example 1, cooling and sampling analysis, the conversion of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural was 88%, the GC yield of bis- (5-formylfurfuryl) ether was 85%, and the isolation yield was 84%.

Example 8

Mixing 10mmol 5-hydroxymethyl furfural, 2mmol Cu (NO)₃)₂，1.8mmol NaVO₃2.5mmol tartaric acid was added to a 50mL reaction vessel, the vessel was closed, the air in the vessel was replaced with nitrogen for 7 times, 0.5MPa nitrogen was charged, the temperature was raised to 90 ℃ and the reaction was carried out at that temperature for 7 hours. After the reaction was completed, according to the method described in example 1, cooling and sampling analysis, the conversion of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural was 80%, the GC yield of bis- (5-formylfurfuryl) ether was 77%, and the isolation yield was 76%.

Example 9

Mixing 10mmol 5-hydroxymethyl furfural, 3mmol Ni (NO)₃)₂，3.2mmol VOPO₄1.2mmol of acetylacetone was added to a 50mL reaction vesselClosing the kettle, replacing the air in the kettle with nitrogen for 7 times, filling 0.1MPa of nitrogen, heating to 100 ℃, and reacting for 9 hours at the temperature. After the reaction was completed, according to the method described in example 1, cooling and sampling analysis, the conversion of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural was 55%, the GC yield of bis- (5-formylfurfuryl) ether was 52%, and the isolation yield was 51%.

Example 10

Mixing 10mmol 5-hydroxymethyl furfural, 4mmol Zn (NO)₃)₂，4mmol VO(OEt)₃2.8mmol of oxalic acid is added into a 50mL reaction kettle, the kettle is closed, the air in the kettle is replaced by nitrogen for 7 times, 0.2MPa of nitrogen is filled, the temperature is raised to 100 ℃, and the reaction is carried out for 10 hours at the temperature. After the reaction was completed, according to the method described in example 1, cooling and sampling analysis, the conversion of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural was 93%, the GC yield of bis- (5-formylfurfuryl) ether was 90%, and the isolation yield was 89%.

Although the present application has been described with reference to a few embodiments, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the application as defined by the appended claims.