阅读说明：本技术 等离子复合堆焊工艺 (Plasma composite surfacing process ) 是由 王晓东 李明飞 张富贵 李明辉 于 2021-08-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本申请涉及一种等离子复合堆焊工艺,其包括步骤,S1,工件清洗；S2,堆焊准备；S3,堆焊位置确认；S4,堆焊工作；S5,复合堆焊。本申请具有提高等离子焊堆焊效果的优点。(The application relates to a plasma composite surfacing process, which comprises the steps of S1, cleaning a workpiece; s2, surfacing preparation; s3, confirming the surfacing position; s4, surfacing; and S5, performing composite surfacing. This application has the advantage that improves plasma welding build-up welding effect.)

1. A plasma composite surfacing process is characterized in that: comprises the steps of (a) carrying out,

s4, surfacing; a front argon arc welding gun and a plasma welding gun which are arranged in front and at back along the surfacing direction; opening an argon gas bottle and regulating the flow, pressing a surfacing start button, automatically moving a welding gun mechanism from a surfacing original position to a surfacing position, manually confirming the surfacing position and height again, pressing the surfacing button again, starting pre-melting and heating the surface of the base material by a front argon arc welding gun, regulating the parameter energy, and heating the surface of the base material to a process temperature or a semi-melting state;

s5, performing composite surfacing; the front argon arc welding gun begins to swing and move according to a set line, the surface to be overlaid is continuously preheated, the plasma welding gun which follows the front argon arc welding gun moves to the overlaying starting point along with the front argon arc welding gun at the moment, the plasma welding gun is automatically started, and the plasma welding gun begins to overlay according to set parameters.

2. The plasma composite build-up welding process according to claim 1, characterized in that: a rear argon arc welding gun is arranged behind the plasma welding gun along the surfacing direction;

s6, setting the position of the starting point of the remelting of the argon arc welding gun; and when the rear argon arc welding gun moves to the surfacing start position of the rear argon arc welding gun along with the plasma welding gun, the rear argon arc welding gun is automatically started, and the rear argon arc welding gun remelting the finished surfacing surface to finish the composite surfacing of the workpiece.

3. The plasma composite build-up welding process according to claim 2, characterized in that: the surfacing step also comprises

S1, cleaning the workpiece; cleaning the surface of a workpiece to be subjected to surfacing welding, and positioning and fixing the workpiece to be subjected to surfacing welding on a tool;

s2, surfacing preparation; turning on a surfacing power supply, setting surfacing parameters on an operation screen, wherein the argon arc welding parameters mainly comprise: surfacing current, surfacing voltage, surfacing speed, protective gas flow, welding gun swing width and swing frequency; the parameters of plasma welding are mainly as follows: surfacing current, surfacing voltage, powder feeding amount, protective gas flow, surfacing speed, welding gun swing width and swing frequency;

s3, confirming the surfacing position; moving to the initial position of surfacing, adjusting the heights and the arc starting positions of the front argon arc welding gun and the plasma welding gun, starting simulated swinging, manually determining whether the swinging widths of the front argon arc welding gun and the plasma welding gun are matched with the surfacing width of the workpiece, if not, manually observing the simulated swinging result, then moving the front argon arc welding gun, the plasma welding gun and the rear argon arc welding gun to a new initial position of surfacing according to the results of the swinging widths of the front argon arc welding gun, the plasma welding gun and the rear argon arc welding gun and the surfacing width of the workpiece, and setting the positions as the initial point of surfacing.

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of plasma surfacing, in particular to a plasma composite surfacing process.

Background

Plasma surfacing is the process of melting and solid-state forming the base material and welding powder on the surface of the base material by using ionized plasma arc. The method has the main defects that the bonding force between a surfacing layer and a base material is weak, and particularly the surfacing of the alloy with larger difference of physical properties. Such as: plasma surfacing of Stellite series alloys of a carbon steel gate plate of a valve has a risk of causing falling-off due to the fact that a surfacing layer and a base material are not firmly combined, and secondly, large-area surfacing or multilayer surfacing is easy to cause generation of cracks and repair of the cracks is difficult.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the technical problem, the application provides a plasma composite surfacing process.

A plasma composite surfacing process, which comprises the steps of,

comprises the steps of (a) carrying out,

s4, surfacing; a front argon arc welding gun and a plasma welding gun which are arranged in front and at back along the surfacing direction; opening an argon gas bottle and regulating the flow, pressing a surfacing start button, automatically moving a welding gun mechanism from a surfacing original position to a surfacing position, manually confirming the surfacing position and height again, pressing the surfacing button again, starting pre-melting and heating the surface of the base material by a front argon arc welding gun, regulating the parameter energy, and heating the surface of the base material to a process temperature or a semi-melting state;

s5, performing composite surfacing; the front argon arc welding gun begins to swing and move according to a set line, the surface to be overlaid is continuously preheated, at the moment, when the plasma welding gun following the front argon arc welding gun moves to the overlaying starting point along with the front argon arc welding gun, the plasma arc is automatically started, and the plasma welding gun begins to overlay according to set parameters.

Preferably, a rear argon arc welding gun is arranged behind the plasma welding gun along the surfacing direction;

s6, setting the position of the starting point of the remelting of the argon arc welding gun; and when the rear argon arc welding gun moves to the surfacing start position of the rear argon arc welding gun along with the plasma welding gun, automatically starting the argon arc welding, and remelting the finished surfacing by the rear argon arc welding gun to finish the composite surfacing of the workpiece.

Preferably, the overlaying step further comprises

S1, cleaning the workpiece; cleaning the surface of a workpiece to be subjected to surfacing welding, and positioning and fixing the workpiece to be subjected to surfacing welding on a tool;

s2, surfacing preparation; turning on a surfacing power supply, setting surfacing parameters on an operation screen, wherein the argon arc welding parameters mainly comprise: surfacing current, surfacing voltage, surfacing speed, protective gas flow, welding gun swing width and swing frequency; the parameters of plasma welding are mainly as follows: surfacing current, surfacing voltage, powder feeding amount, protective gas flow, surfacing speed, welding gun swing width and swing frequency;

s3, confirming the surfacing position; moving to the initial position of surfacing, adjusting the heights and the arc starting positions of the front argon arc welding gun and the plasma welding gun, starting simulated swinging, manually determining whether the swinging widths of the front argon arc welding gun and the plasma welding gun are matched with the surfacing width of the workpiece, if not, manually observing the simulated swinging result, then moving the front argon arc welding gun, the plasma welding gun and the rear argon arc welding gun to a new initial position of surfacing according to the results of the swinging widths of the front argon arc welding gun, the plasma welding gun and the rear argon arc welding gun and the surfacing width of the workpiece, and setting the positions as the initial point of surfacing.

In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: this application combines plasma welding and argon arc welding, and the combination mode has two kinds, no matter preheats earlier the mode that back plasma welded, still preheats earlier the mode that plasma welds the argon arc welding at last and refuses, and the pile-up welding effect that the homoenergetic strengthened plasma and welded reduces the production of crackle.

Detailed Description

The embodiment of the application discloses a plasma composite surfacing process. A plasma composite surfacing process, which comprises the steps of,

s1, cleaning the surface of the workpiece to be welded, and positioning and fixing the workpiece to be welded on the tool;

s2, turning on a surfacing power supply, setting surfacing parameters on an operation screen, and arranging a front argon arc welding gun and a plasma welding gun in front and back along the surfacing direction; the parameters of argon arc welding are mainly as follows: surfacing current, surfacing voltage, surfacing speed, protective gas flow, welding gun swing width and swing frequency; the parameters of plasma welding are mainly as follows: surfacing current, surfacing voltage, powder feeding amount, protective gas flow, surfacing speed, welding gun swing width and swing frequency;

s3, moving the front argon arc welding gun and the plasma welding gun to the initial position of surfacing, adjusting the height and the arc starting position of the front argon arc welding gun and the plasma welding gun, starting simulated swing, manually determining whether the swing parameters of the front argon arc welding gun and the plasma welding gun are reasonable, and if not, moving the front argon arc welding gun and the plasma welding gun to the proper positions and setting the positions as the original point of surfacing;

s4, opening an argon gas bottle and adjusting the flow, pressing a surfacing start button, automatically moving a front argon arc welding gun and a plasma welding gun from a surfacing original position to a surfacing position, manually confirming the surfacing position and height again, pressing the surfacing button again, starting premelting and heating the surface of the base material by the front argon arc welding gun, adjusting the parameter energy of the front argon arc welding gun, and heating the surface of the base material to a process temperature or a semi-molten state;

the front argon arc welding gun has a preheating function on a workpiece, the workpiece base material is preheated or heated to a semi-molten state by argon arc welding, the surfacing original temperature of the workpiece base material is improved, the surfacing temperature difference is effectively reduced, the cooling speed is reduced, and the influence of hydrogen in the workpiece base material is eliminated.

And S5, the front argon arc welding gun starts to swing and move according to a set circuit, the surface to be welded is continuously preheated, the plasma welding gun following the front argon arc welding gun moves to the initial point of welding along with the front argon arc welding gun at the moment, the plasma arc is automatically started, and the plasma welding gun starts to weld according to set parameters.

Example two:

a rear argon arc welding gun is arranged behind the plasma welding gun along the surfacing direction;

the step also comprises S6, and the starting position of the remelting of the argon arc welding gun is set. And when the rear argon arc welding gun moves to the surfacing start position of the rear argon arc welding gun along with the plasma welding gun, the rear argon arc welding gun is automatically started, and the rear argon arc welding gun remelting the finished surfacing surface to finish the composite surfacing of the workpiece.

The main function of the rear argon arc welding gun is to re-melt the overlaying layer. Argon arc remelting can provide hydrogen-eliminating post-heat treatment for the surfacing layer, effectively reduce surfacing stress, improve the surface forming of the welding line, promote the overflow of hydrogen in a workpiece, and eliminate pores of the surfacing layer.

The distance and swing parameters among the front argon arc welding gun, the rear argon arc welding gun and the plasma welding combination need to be independently adjusted so as to meet the surfacing of different workpieces. By setting the surfacing program, the arc can be automatically started and surfaced according to the program when the respective welding gun reaches the surfacing starting point. The composite surfacing welding carried out according to the process can eliminate the stripping and the cracks of the surfacing layer, and can not carry out postweld heat treatment, thereby greatly saving the surfacing cost. The surfacing technology of the embodiment overcomes the defects of a single surfacing method, can be used for surfacing of metal or ceramic materials which can be made into powder, and can ensure that the plasma composite surfacing can be used for the surfacing requirements of wear resistance and corrosion resistance of chemical engineering, pipelines and pressure vessels.

Taking an 8-inch valve seat overlay welding as an example, the parameters of the application are as follows:

the working parameters of the front argon arc welding gun are as follows: surfacing current: 60A-110A; surfacing voltage: 11V-16V; surfacing speed: 0.11-0.15 r/min; the protective gas is argon and the flow of the argon is 9-15L/min.

The working parameters of the plasma welding gun are as follows: surfacing current: 145A-160A; surfacing voltage: 21V-24V; the aperture of the plasma arc nozzle is as follows: the diameter is 4 mm; powder feeding amount: 21-24 g/min; plasma gas: pure argon, flow: 1.3-1.8L/min; powder feeding gas: pure argon, flow: 1.3-1.8L/min; protective gas: pure argon, flow: 15-25L/min; swinging speed of the welding gun: 50-65 mm/min; welding gun left/right dwell time: 0.2 s; rotating speed of the workpiece: 0.11-0.15 r/min.

The working parameters of the rear argon arc welding gun are as follows: surfacing current: 70A-130A; surfacing voltage: 12V-18V; surfacing speed: 0.11-0.15 r/min; the protective gas is argon and the flow of the argon is 10-20L/min.

The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.