阅读说明：本技术 一种太阳轮的制作方法 (Manufacturing method of sun gear ) 是由 翁智超 翁智剑 于 2021-09-14 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明是一种太阳轮的制作方法,涉及一种齿轮,属于机械零件技术领域,其先锻打一个圆筒,对该圆筒进行正火和回火,再对坯料进行粗加工,接着对圆筒进行精车,精车结束后对圆筒进行去应力回火,紧接着对圆筒进行展成法成型齿轮,齿轮成型后进行渗碳处理,最后对工件进行精磨,抛丸、去毛刺和去磁处理,本发明是提供一种能够制作整体综合力学性能好,齿的强度、韧性以及硬度好的太阳轮的制作方法。(The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a sun gear, which relates to a gear, and belongs to the technical field of mechanical parts.)

1. A manufacturing method of a sun gear is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

forging a cylinder with the size of 245mm of outer diameter, 105mm of inner diameter and 195mm of thickness;

step two, placing the cylinder in the step one into a furnace with the furnace temperature of 860-900 ℃ for heat preservation for 1-1.5 h, and discharging from the furnace for air cooling after the heat preservation is finished;

step three, placing the cylinder subjected to air cooling in the step two into a furnace with the furnace temperature of 570-590 ℃ for primary heat preservation for 0.5h, raising the furnace temperature to 620-640 ℃ again after primary heat preservation for secondary heat preservation for 3-4 h, and discharging from the furnace for air cooling after secondary heat preservation;

step four, clamping the cylinder after the air cooling in the step three on a lathe to carry out the end face turning treatment, controlling the total thickness to be more than 190mm, carrying out the step turning treatment on the cylinder after the end face turning is finished, and chamfering the end face, wherein the outer diameter is 235 +/-0.5 mm, the length is 100 +/-5 mm;

step five, reversely clamping the cylinder processed in the step four on a lathe to carry out step turning and inner hole turning, wherein the outer diameter of the cylinder after step turning is 216.2 +/-0.5 mm, the length of the cylinder is 58 +/-0.5 mm, the diameter of the inner hole after inner hole turning is 122 +/-0.5 mm, and chamfers are carried out on the step and the inner hole;

sixthly, putting the cylinder processed in the fifth step into a furnace with the furnace temperature of 570-590 ℃ for primary heat preservation for 1h, raising the furnace temperature to 620-640 ℃ again for secondary heat preservation for 4h after primary heat preservation is finished, opening the furnace door for 1-5 cm after the furnace is cooled to 450 ℃, and taking the cylinder out of the furnace for air cooling after the furnace temperature is reduced to less than 350 ℃;

step seven, clamping the cylinder after air cooling in the step six on a lathe again for turning the outer circle, clamping a section with the outer diameter of 216.2 +/-0.5 mm on the lathe for fine turning the outer circle, and after turning the outer circle, enabling the outer diameter of the section to be 230.55mm-230.54 mm;

step eight, reversely clamping the cylinder processed in the step seven on a lathe to perform step turning for two times, wherein the outer diameter of the step one is 211.201 +/-0.127 mm, the length of the step one is 58.266 +/-0.127 mm, the outer diameter of the step two is 186.309 +/-0.381 mm, the length of the step two is 13.355mm, and groove turning is performed at the step two, the groove width is 6.604 +/-0.127 mm, and the groove depth is 7.5 mm;

step nine, performing generating method on the cylinder processed in the step eight to form an external gear, wherein the external gear is formed at a section of 230.55-230.54 mm, the number of teeth of the external gear is 23, the pressure angle is 30 degrees, the diameter of a base circle is 183.97474, the diameter of an effective tooth profile is 198.9328mm, the full tooth height is 19.812mm, the tooth top height is 9.12368mm, the tooth root height is 10.68832mm, the outer diameter is 230.6828mm, the diameter of a tooth root circle is 187.2488mm, and finally, performing fine grinding on the gear, wherein the fine grinding amount is 0.2-0.3 mm;

step ten, performing carburizing treatment on the cylinder after the external gear is molded after the treatment of the step nine, wherein the effective carburized layer depth needs to be between 1.5mm and 1.9mm, the hardness is greater than or equal to 58 at hrc, and the core hardness is between hrc28 and 38;

step eleven, performing shot blasting treatment on the cylinder subjected to decarburizing treatment, performing shot blasting on a stainless steel shot for 1-1.5 hours, performing deburring treatment on the external gear after the shot blasting is finished, performing fine grinding on two end faces after the deburring treatment, and performing demagnetization treatment on a finished product after the fine grinding.

2. The method of manufacturing a sun gear according to claim 1, wherein: the furnace temperature in the second step is 870 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 1.5 h.

3. The method of manufacturing a sun gear according to claim 1, wherein: the furnace temperature in the second step is 870 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 1 h.

4. The method of manufacturing a sun gear according to claim 1, wherein: the furnace temperature of the first heat preservation in the third step is 580 ℃, the furnace temperature of the second heat preservation is 630 ℃, and the time duration of the second heat preservation is 3.5 hours.

5. The method of manufacturing a sun gear according to claim 1, wherein: and the furnace temperature of primary heat preservation in the sixth step is 580 ℃.

6. The method of manufacturing a sun gear according to claim 1, wherein: and the furnace temperature of the secondary heat preservation in the sixth step is 630 ℃.

7. The method of manufacturing a sun gear according to claim 1, wherein: the effective carburized layer depth in the step ten is 1.7 mm.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical parts, relates to a gear, and particularly relates to a manufacturing method of a sun gear.

Background

In many large gears are toothed mechanical parts that can be engaged with each other for power transmission. In planetary gear transmission, an outer gear coaxial with the carrier is called a sun gear, which outputs power and transmits planet gears engaged around it. The existing sun gear is used as a standard part, the structure is very simple, so that the function is relatively simple, but the force transmitted by the sun gear in the working process is large, the stability is not high, the noise is large, and the heat dissipation effect is poor, so that the operation precision, the transmission efficiency and the service life of the mechanical equipment are influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for manufacturing a sun gear, which has good overall comprehensive mechanical property and good strength, toughness and hardness of the gear.

A manufacturing method of a sun gear is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

forging a cylinder with the size of 245mm of outer diameter, 105mm of inner diameter and 195mm of thickness;

step two, placing the cylinder in the step one into a furnace with the furnace temperature of 860-900 ℃ for heat preservation for 1-1.5 h, and discharging from the furnace for air cooling after the heat preservation is finished;

step three, placing the cylinder subjected to air cooling in the step two into a furnace with the furnace temperature of 570-590 ℃ for primary heat preservation for 0.5h, and raising the furnace temperature to 620-640 ℃ again after primary heat preservation

Secondly, preserving heat for 3-4 h, and discharging from the furnace for air cooling after the secondary heat preservation is finished;

step four, clamping the cylinder after the air cooling in the step three on a lathe to carry out the end face turning treatment, controlling the total thickness to be more than 190mm, carrying out the step turning treatment on the cylinder after the end face turning is finished, and chamfering the end face, wherein the outer diameter is 235 +/-0.5 mm, the length is 100 +/-5 mm;

step five, reversely clamping the cylinder processed in the step four on a lathe to carry out step turning and inner hole turning, wherein the outer diameter of the cylinder after step turning is 216.2 +/-0.5 mm, the length of the cylinder is 58 +/-0.5 mm, the diameter of the inner hole after inner hole turning is 122 +/-0.5 mm, and chamfers are carried out on the step and the inner hole;

sixthly, putting the cylinder processed in the fifth step into a furnace with the furnace temperature of 570-590 ℃ for primary heat preservation for 1h, raising the furnace temperature to 620-640 ℃ again for secondary heat preservation for 4h after primary heat preservation is finished, opening the furnace door for 1-5 cm after the furnace is cooled to 450 ℃, and taking the cylinder out of the furnace for air cooling after the furnace temperature is reduced to less than 350 ℃;

step seven, clamping the cylinder after air cooling in the step six on a lathe again for turning the outer circle, clamping a section with the outer diameter of 216.2 +/-0.5 mm on the lathe for fine turning the outer circle, and after turning the outer circle, enabling the outer diameter of the section to be 230.55mm-230.54 mm;

step eight, reversely clamping the cylinder processed in the step seven on a lathe to perform step turning for two times, wherein the outer diameter of the step one is 211.201 +/-0.127 mm, the length of the step one is 58.266 +/-0.127 mm, the outer diameter of the step two is 186.309 +/-0.381 mm, the length of the step two is 13.355mm, and groove turning is performed at the step two, the groove width is 6.604 +/-0.127 mm, and the groove depth is 7.5 mm;

step nine, performing generating method on the cylinder processed in the step eight to form an external gear, wherein the external gear is formed at a section of 230.55-230.54 mm, the number of teeth of the external gear is 23, the pressure angle is 30 degrees, the diameter of a base circle is 183.97474, the diameter of an effective tooth profile is 198.9328mm, the full tooth height is 19.812mm, the tooth top height is 9.12368mm, the tooth root height is 10.68832mm, the outer diameter is 230.6828mm, the diameter of a tooth root circle is 187.2488mm, and finally, performing fine grinding on the gear, wherein the fine grinding amount is 0.2-0.3 mm;

step ten, performing carburization treatment on the cylinder after the external gear is molded after the treatment of the step nine, wherein the effective carburized layer depth needs to be between 1.5mm and 1.9mm, the hardness is greater than or equal to 58 at hrc, and the core of the cylinder is

The part hardness is between hrc 28-38;

step eleven, performing shot blasting treatment on the cylinder subjected to decarburizing treatment, performing shot blasting on a stainless steel shot for 1-1.5 hours, performing deburring treatment on the external gear after the shot blasting is finished, performing fine grinding on two end faces after the deburring treatment, and performing demagnetization treatment on a finished product after the fine grinding.

In the above method for manufacturing the sun gear, the furnace temperature in the second step is 870 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 1.5 hours.

In the above method for manufacturing the sun gear, the furnace temperature in the second step is 870 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 1 hour.

In the above method for manufacturing the sun gear, the furnace temperature for the first heat preservation in the third step is 580 ℃, the furnace temperature for the second heat preservation is 630 ℃, and the time duration for the second heat preservation is 3.5 hours.

In the above method for manufacturing a sun gear, the furnace temperature for the primary heat-insulating in the sixth step is 580 ℃.

In the above method for manufacturing a sun gear, the furnace temperature of the secondary heat preservation in the sixth step is 630 ℃.

In the above method of manufacturing a sun gear, the effective carburized layer depth in the above step ten is 1.7 mm.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the outstanding and beneficial technical effects that:

compared with the prior art, the gear produced by the invention has longer service life, a cylinder with the size of 245mm of outer diameter, 105mm of inner diameter and 195mm of thickness is forged, the cylinder is put into a furnace with the furnace temperature of 860-900 ℃ for heat preservation for 1-1.5 h, the cylinder is taken out of the furnace for air cooling after the heat preservation is finished, the cylinder is put into the furnace with the furnace temperature of 570-590 ℃ for primary heat preservation for 0.5h, the furnace temperature is increased to 620-640 ℃ again for secondary heat preservation for 3-4 h after the primary heat preservation is finished, the cylinder is put into the furnace with the furnace temperature of 570-590 ℃ for primary heat preservation for 1h after the secondary heat preservation is finished, the furnace temperature is increased to 620-640 ℃ again for secondary heat preservation for 4h after the primary heat preservation is finished, and after the furnace is cooled to 450 ℃, opening the furnace door by 1cm-5cm, reducing the furnace temperature to less than 350 ℃, discharging the furnace for air cooling, performing finish machining and fine grinding, performing shot blasting treatment after finishing, performing shot blasting on stainless steel shots for 1h-1.5h, performing deburring treatment on the external gear after finishing shot blasting, performing fine grinding on two end faces after deburring treatment, and performing demagnetization treatment on a finished product after fine grinding.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the steps of the present invention for making a sun gear;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of the sun wheel structure manufactured by the invention.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to specific examples:

as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a method for manufacturing a sun gear is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

forging a cylinder with the size of 245mm of outer diameter, 105mm of inner diameter and 195mm of thickness; specifically, the first step is rough machining, and the metal material is forged and molded, preferably 20 cr;

step two, placing the cylinder in the step one into a furnace with the furnace temperature of 860-900 ℃ for heat preservation for 1-1.5 h, and discharging from the furnace for air cooling after the heat preservation is finished; specifically, the second step is normalizing, so that the yield can be improved

The toughness of the product;

step three, placing the cylinder subjected to air cooling in the step two into a furnace with the furnace temperature of 570-590 ℃ for primary heat preservation for 0.5h, raising the furnace temperature to 620-640 ℃ again after primary heat preservation for secondary heat preservation for 3-4 h, and discharging from the furnace for air cooling after secondary heat preservation; specifically, the third step is tempering, so that the hardness and the strength of the product are reduced, the ductility and the toughness of the product are improved, and preparation is made for the next processing;

step four, clamping the cylinder after the air cooling in the step three on a lathe to carry out the end face turning treatment, controlling the total thickness to be more than 190mm, carrying out the step turning treatment on the cylinder after the end face turning is finished, and chamfering the end face, wherein the outer diameter is 235 +/-0.5 mm, the length is 100 +/-5 mm;

step five, reversely clamping the cylinder processed in the step four on a lathe to carry out step turning and inner hole turning, wherein the outer diameter of the cylinder after step turning is 216.2 +/-0.5 mm, the length of the cylinder is 58 +/-0.5 mm, the diameter of the inner hole after inner hole turning is 122 +/-0.5 mm, and chamfers are carried out on the step and the inner hole;

sixthly, putting the cylinder processed in the fifth step into a furnace with the furnace temperature of 570-590 ℃ for primary heat preservation for 1h, raising the furnace temperature to 620-640 ℃ again for secondary heat preservation for 4h after primary heat preservation is finished, opening the furnace door for 1-5 cm after the furnace is cooled to 450 ℃, and taking the cylinder out of the furnace for air cooling after the furnace temperature is reduced to less than 350 ℃; specifically, the sixth step is stress relief tempering, so that the internal stress in the product can be effectively eliminated, and the product deformation can be avoided;

step seven, clamping the cylinder after air cooling in the step six on a lathe again for turning the outer circle, clamping a section with the outer diameter of 216.2 +/-0.5 mm on the lathe for fine turning the outer circle, and after turning the outer circle, enabling the outer diameter of the section to be 230.55mm-230.54 mm;

step eight, reversely clamping the cylinder processed in the step seven on a lathe to perform step turning for two times, wherein the outer diameter of the step one is 211.201 +/-0.127 mm, the length of the step one is 58.266 +/-0.127 mm, the outer diameter of the step two is 186.309 +/-0.381 mm, the length of the step two is 13.355mm, and groove turning is performed at the step two, the groove width is 6.604 +/-0.127 mm, and the groove depth is 7.5 mm;

step nine, performing generating method on the cylinder processed in the step eight to form an external gear, wherein the external gear is formed at a section of 230.55-230.54 mm, the number of teeth of the external gear is 23, the pressure angle is 30 degrees, the diameter of a base circle is 183.97474, the diameter of an effective tooth profile is 198.9328mm, the full tooth height is 19.812mm, the tooth top height is 9.12368mm, the tooth root height is 10.68832mm, the outer diameter is 230.6828mm, the diameter of a tooth root circle is 187.2488mm, and finally, performing fine grinding on the gear, wherein the fine grinding amount is 0.2-0.3 mm;

step ten, performing carburizing treatment on the cylinder after the external gear is molded after the treatment of the step nine, wherein the effective carburized layer depth needs to be between 1.5mm and 1.9mm, the hardness is greater than or equal to 58 at hrc, and the core hardness is between hrc28 and 38; the carburization is to make the surface have stronger hardness, and the core part has the toughness and plasticity of low-carbon steel;

step eleven, performing shot blasting on the cylinder subjected to decarburizing treatment, performing shot blasting on stainless steel shots for 1-1.5 hours, performing deburring treatment on the external gear after the shot blasting is finished, performing fine grinding on two end faces after the deburring treatment, and performing demagnetization treatment on a finished product after the fine grinding.

In the above method for manufacturing the sun gear, the furnace temperature in the second step is 870 ℃, and the holding time is 1.5 hours, so that better toughness can be obtained.

In the above method for manufacturing the sun gear, the furnace temperature in the second step is 870 ℃, and the holding time is 1 hour, so that better toughness can be obtained.

In the manufacturing method of the sun gear, the furnace temperature of the primary heat preservation in the third step is 580 ℃, the furnace temperature of the secondary heat preservation is 630 ℃, and the time duration of the secondary heat preservation is 3.5 hours, so that the hardness and the strength of the sun gear can be reduced, the ductility and the toughness of the sun gear can be improved, and the sun gear is prepared for the next processing.

In the manufacturing method of the sun gear, the furnace temperature for primary heat preservation in the sixth step is 580 ℃, and the furnace temperature for secondary heat preservation in the sixth step is 630 ℃, so that the internal stress of the workpiece can be removed as far as possible, and the deformation and cracking of the workpiece are avoided.

In the above method for manufacturing the sun gear, the effective carburized layer depth in the step ten is 1.7mm, so that the tooth surface has strong hardness and wear resistance, and the core of the tooth has toughness and plasticity of low-carbon steel.

The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the invention are covered by the protection scope of the invention.