阅读说明：本技术 一种光敏变色面料及其制备方法 (Photochromic fabric and preparation method thereof ) 是由 郑晓宇 于 2021-09-07 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种光敏变色面料及其制备方法。本发明先利用二氨基苯磺酰苯胺改性水杨醛,引入偶氮基,使纤维具有光敏变色效果,与三甲基吲哚生成螺吡喃结构,增益光敏变色效果,再与纤维素制得光敏变色纤维；利用自制苯并三唑改性光敏变色纤维,使纤维具有抗紫外的效果,同时,增加疏水基数量,提高纤维防水防潮效果,最后经纺丝、织布制得面料；其中,自制苯并三唑利用羟基邻苯二胺和二氨基苯基丁二炔反应生成具有防紫外功效的苯并三唑基。本发明制备的光面变色面料具有感光变色、防紫外、防水、耐洗效果。(The invention discloses a photochromic fabric and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the steps of firstly, modifying salicylaldehyde by utilizing diaminobenzenesulfonyl aniline, introducing azo groups to enable the fibers to have a photochromic effect, generating a spiropyran structure with trimethylindole to increase the photochromic effect, and then preparing the photochromic fibers with cellulose; the self-made benzotriazole is used for modifying the photochromic fiber, so that the fiber has an anti-ultraviolet effect, meanwhile, the number of hydrophobic groups is increased, the waterproof and moistureproof effects of the fiber are improved, and finally, the fabric is prepared through spinning and weaving; wherein, the self-made benzotriazole utilizes the reaction of hydroxyl o-phenylenediamine and diaminophenyldiacetylene to generate benzotriazole group with the anti-ultraviolet effect. The smooth-surface color-changing fabric prepared by the invention has the effects of photosensitive color change, ultraviolet resistance, water resistance and washing resistance.)

1. The photochromic fabric is characterized by mainly comprising, by weight, 100-120 parts of cellulose, 150-180 parts of self-made spiropyran and 120-145 parts of self-made benzotriazole.

2. The photochromic fabric of claim 1, wherein the homemade spiropyran is prepared by polymerizing modified salicylaldehyde and trimethylindole into a ring.

3. The photochromic fabric of claim 2, wherein the modified salicylaldehyde is prepared by coupling diaminobenzenesulphonanilide and salicylaldehyde.

4. The photochromic fabric of claim 3, wherein the self-made benzotriazole is prepared from hydroxyl o-phenylenediamine and diaminophenyl diacetylene.

5. The photochromic fabric according to claim 4, wherein the photochromic fabric comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 115 parts of cellulose, 172 parts of self-made spiropyran and 138 parts of self-made benzotriazole.

6. The preparation method of the photochromic fabric is characterized by mainly comprising the following preparation steps:

(1) dissolving salicylaldehyde in a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 2% and the mass of the salicylaldehyde being 10.87 times that of the salicylaldehyde, and placing the salicylaldehyde-sodium hydroxide solution in an ice bath at the temperature of minus 2 ℃ to obtain the salicylaldehyde-sodium hydroxide solution; dissolving diaminobenzenesulfonamide with the mass fraction of 50% and 0.64 time of that of salicylaldehyde in sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 20 times of that of the salicylaldehyde, heating in water bath at 120 ℃, stirring at 200rpm until the mass fraction of the salicylaldehyde is dissolved, cooling until crystallization does not occur, and dripping nitrous acid solution with the mass fraction of 35% and 0.2 time of that of the salicylaldehyde at the speed of 1mL/min at 0 ℃ to obtain bright yellow clear solution; dropwise adding a bright yellow clear solution with the mass of 3.2 times that of the salicylaldehyde into the salicylaldehyde-sodium hydroxide solution at a speed of 1mL/min while stirring at 200rpm, stirring for 3 hours, adjusting the pH to 5-6 by using a saturated sodium acetate solution, filtering, and drying at 60 ℃ for 3-4 hours to obtain the modified salicylaldehyde;

(2) placing trimethylindole, iodopropionic acid with the mass of 1.24 times of that of the trimethylindole and butanone with the mass of 0.9 time of that of the trimethylindole in a two-mouth bottle, heating to 100 ℃ in a nitrogen atmosphere, carrying out reflux reaction for 3 hours, then carrying out heat preservation for 20-30 min at 80 ℃, adding ultrapure water with the mass of 0.8 time of that of the trimethylindole, washing with chloroform until the solution is colorless, and carrying out rotary evaporation for 10-20 min at 60 ℃ and 200rpm to obtain trimethylindole iodide;

(3) butanone 11.9 times the mass of the modified salicylaldehyde, trimethylindole iodide 2.1 times the mass of the modified salicylaldehyde and piperidine 0.5 time the mass of the modified salicylaldehyde are placed in a two-mouth bottle, stirred at 300rpm for 10min, added with the modified salicylaldehyde, subjected to reflux reaction at 75 ℃ for 3h in a nitrogen atmosphere, then kept stand at room temperature for 12h, centrifuged at 1200rpm for 3-4 min to obtain a precipitate, the precipitate is washed with methanol for 10-12 times, filtered, and then placed in a drying oven at 50 ℃ for 24h to obtain the self-made spiropyran;

(4) placing cellulose, homemade spiropyran with the mass of 1-3 times of the cellulose, 4-dimethylamino pyridine with the mass of 0.4 time of the cellulose and tetrahydrofuran with the mass of 16 times of the cellulose into a single-neck flask, stirring until the mixture is dissolved, dropwise adding dicyclohexylcarbodiimide/tetrahydrofuran solution with the mass of 5 times of the cellulose at the speed of 1mL/min under the condition of ice-water bath at 0 ℃, wherein the mass ratio of dicyclohexylcarbodiimide to tetrahydrofuran in the dicyclohexylcarbodiimide/tetrahydrofuran solution is 1:6.7, continuing to react for 24h at room temperature after ice bath reaction for 2h, centrifuging for 5-6 min at 1200rpm to obtain clear liquid, placing the clear liquid in secondary water for dialysis for 7d to obtain spinning solution, placing the spinning solution into an injector, and under the conditions of spinning range of 15cm, voltage of 20kV, spinning solution flow rate of 50 muL/min, temperature of 40 ℃ and humidity of 20% RH, preparing photochromic fibers;

(5) placing the photochromic fiber in deionized water with the mass 20 times that of the photochromic fiber for swelling for 40min, adding self-made benzotriazole with the mass 1-3 times that of the photochromic fiber and tetrahydrofuran with the mass 10 times that of the photochromic fiber, stirring and reacting at 0 ℃ and 400rpm for 18h, washing with deionized water for 10-12 times, and drying at 80 ℃ for 7-8 h to obtain the modified fiber;

(6) opening the modified fiber at the machine speed of 1000-1500 rpm, and sizing by a sizing machine at the temperature of 60-70 ℃, wherein the sizing concentration is 15-20%; and (3) spinning the yarn in a loom at the temperature of 25-35 ℃ and at the rpm of 500-600, then feeding the yarn into a desizing machine, and treating the yarn for 5-10 min at the temperature of 90-95 ℃ to obtain the photochromic fabric.

7. The method for preparing the photochromic fabric according to claim 8, wherein the two bottles in the step (3) are wrapped by the aluminum foil paper, so that the whole reaction process is carried out in the dark.

8. The method for preparing photochromic fabric according to claim 7, wherein the dialysis bag has a cut-off molecular weight of 3500Da by changing water every 12h in the dialysis process in the step (4).

9. The preparation method of the photochromic fabric according to claim 8, wherein the preparation method of the self-made benzotriazole in the step (5) comprises the following steps:

a. putting hydroxyl o-phenylenediamine and potassium bromide with the mass of 0.83 time that of hydroxyl o-phenylenediamine into a round-bottom flask, adding glacial acetic acid with the mass of 21 times that of the hydroxyl o-phenylenediamine and sodium perborate with the mass of 1.14 times that of the hydroxyl o-phenylenediamine, stirring at 300rpm for 10-20 min, standing until a clear solution turns red, pouring the clear solution into ice water for filtration, washing with deionized water until the pH value is 6-7, and drying at room temperature for 12h to obtain brominated hydroxyl o-phenylenediamine;

b. dissolving brominated hydroxy o-phenylenediamine in water with the mass of 1.5 times that of the brominated hydroxy o-phenylenediamine and concentrated hydrochloric acid with the mass fraction of 60% with the mass of 21.4 times that of the brominated hydroxy o-phenylenediamine, stirring and dissolving, cooling to 0-5 ℃ in an ice bath, dropwise adding a sodium nitrite aqueous solution until the solution becomes light yellow, wherein the mass ratio of sodium nitrite to water in the sodium nitrite aqueous solution is 1:1.43, continuously adjusting the pH of the solution to 6-7 by using sodium bicarbonate under the condition that the temperature is lower than 5 ℃, dropwise adding diaminophenyl diacetylene-ethanol until light yellow precipitates appear, stirring for 10-15 min at 300rpm, filtering, washing for 4-5 times by using an ethanol solution with the mass fraction of 30%, and carrying out vacuum drying for 1-2 h under 600Pa to obtain triazene;

c. placing triazene, cuprous iodide with the mass of 0.025 times that of triazene, sodium tert-butoxide with the mass of 0.5 times that of triazene, phenanthroline with the mass of 0.05 times that of triazene and anhydrous dimethyl sulfoxide with the mass of 12 times that of triazene in a dry round-bottom flask, stirring at 135-140 ℃ and 300rpm in a nitrogen atmosphere, cooling to room temperature, adding deionized water with the mass of 30 times that of triazene, extracting for 3 times with ethyl acetate with the mass of 20 times that of triazene, combining ethyl acetate layers, drying with anhydrous sodium sulfate with the mass of 15 times that of triazene for 12 hours, and distilling at 70-85 ℃ for 2-3 hours to obtain the self-made benzotriazole.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of textiles, in particular to a photochromic fabric and a preparation method thereof.

Background

Along with the improvement of living standard of people, the pursuit of the fabric of the clothes is not only for keeping warm, but also the requirements of people on beauty and comfort level are continuously improved. The color of the clothes is basically determined by the color of the fabric, when the clothes are manufactured, a single fabric with one color can be selected, and multiple fabrics can be used for splicing, however, no matter which mode is adopted, once the clothes leave a factory, the color cannot be changed. Therefore, the clothes with any color can be monotonous after being worn for a long time.

Nowadays, people develop an automatic color-changing chemical fiber called photochromic fiber by utilizing the principle of bionics and high and new technology. It adopts the method of introducing photosensitive colour-changing compound into fibre or synthesizing polymer spinning capable of changing colour. The fiber can be quickly changed from colorless or light color into various colors such as red, green, blue, purple and the like under the irradiation of sunlight or other light sources, and the fiber is restored to the original colorless state after the illumination or heating is stopped, thereby being a reversible color change process. At present, photochromic materials are more used for optical information storage, gene chip materials and the like, and are still in the beginning stage in the textile field of China, so that the photochromic materials have great development space and wide market.

However, the existing fabric with the color changing function on the plain surface mostly adopts the after-finishing technology, so that the photosensitive color changing agent easily falls off from the fabric in the subsequent use and cleaning process, the color changing effect is poor, and meanwhile, the photosensitive color changing fabric on the market has single function, generally only has the photosensitive color changing function, and cannot meet the requirements of consumers in other functions and comfortableness.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a photochromic fabric and a preparation method thereof, and aims to solve the problems in the prior art.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the photochromic fabric is characterized by mainly comprising, by weight, 100-120 parts of cellulose, 150-180 parts of self-made spiropyran and 120-145 parts of self-made benzotriazole.

Further, the homemade spiropyran is prepared from modified salicylaldehyde and trimethylindole.

Further, the modified salicylaldehyde is prepared from diaminobenzenesulfonyl aniline and salicylaldehyde.

Further, the self-made benzotriazole is prepared from hydroxyl o-phenylenediamine and diaminophenyl diacetylene.

Further, the photochromic fabric comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 115 parts of cellulose, 172 parts of self-made spiropyran and 138 parts of self-made benzotriazole.

Further, the preparation method of the photochromic fabric is characterized by mainly comprising the following preparation steps:

(1) dissolving salicylaldehyde in a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 2% and the mass of the salicylaldehyde being 10.87 times that of the salicylaldehyde, and placing the salicylaldehyde-sodium hydroxide solution in an ice bath at the temperature of minus 2 ℃ to obtain the salicylaldehyde-sodium hydroxide solution; dissolving diaminobenzenesulfonamide with the mass fraction of 50% and 0.64 time of that of salicylaldehyde in sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 20 times of that of the salicylaldehyde, heating in water bath at 120 ℃, stirring at 200rpm until the mass fraction of the salicylaldehyde is dissolved, cooling until crystallization does not occur, and dripping nitrous acid solution with the mass fraction of 35% and 0.2 time of that of the salicylaldehyde at the speed of 1mL/min at 0 ℃ to obtain bright yellow clear solution; dropwise adding a bright yellow clear solution with the mass of 3.2 times that of the salicylaldehyde into the salicylaldehyde-sodium hydroxide solution at a speed of 1mL/min while stirring at 200rpm, stirring for 3 hours, adjusting the pH to 5-6 by using a saturated sodium acetate solution, filtering, and drying at 60 ℃ for 3-4 hours to obtain the modified salicylaldehyde;

(2) placing trimethylindole, iodopropionic acid with the mass of 1.24 times of that of the trimethylindole and butanone with the mass of 0.9 time of that of the trimethylindole in a two-mouth bottle, heating to 100 ℃ in a nitrogen atmosphere, carrying out reflux reaction for 3 hours, then carrying out heat preservation for 20-30 min at 80 ℃, adding ultrapure water with the mass of 0.8 time of that of the trimethylindole, washing with chloroform until the solution is colorless, and carrying out rotary evaporation for 10-20 min at 60 ℃ and 200rpm to obtain trimethylindole iodide;

(3) butanone 11.9 times the mass of the modified salicylaldehyde, trimethylindole iodide 2.1 times the mass of the modified salicylaldehyde and piperidine 0.5 time the mass of the modified salicylaldehyde are placed in a two-mouth bottle, stirred at 300rpm for 10min, added with the modified salicylaldehyde, subjected to reflux reaction at 75 ℃ for 3h in a nitrogen atmosphere, then kept stand at room temperature for 12h, centrifuged at 1200rpm for 3-4 min to obtain a precipitate, the precipitate is washed with methanol for 10-12 times, filtered, and then placed in a drying oven at 50 ℃ for 24h to obtain the self-made spiropyran;

(4) placing cellulose, homemade spiropyran with the mass of 1-3 times of the cellulose, 4-dimethylamino pyridine with the mass of 0.4 time of the cellulose and tetrahydrofuran with the mass of 16 times of the cellulose into a single-neck flask, stirring until the mixture is dissolved, dropwise adding dicyclohexylcarbodiimide/tetrahydrofuran solution with the mass of 5 times of the cellulose at the speed of 1mL/min under the condition of ice-water bath at 0 ℃, wherein the mass ratio of dicyclohexylcarbodiimide to tetrahydrofuran in the dicyclohexylcarbodiimide/tetrahydrofuran solution is 1:6.7, continuing to react for 24h at room temperature after ice bath reaction for 2h, centrifuging for 5-6 min at 1200rpm to obtain clear liquid, placing the clear liquid in secondary water for dialysis for 7d to obtain spinning solution, placing the spinning solution into an injector, and under the conditions of spinning range of 15cm, voltage of 20kV, spinning solution flow rate of 50 muL/min, temperature of 40 ℃ and humidity of 20% RH, preparing photochromic fibers;

(5) placing the photochromic fiber in deionized water with the mass 20 times that of the photochromic fiber for swelling for 40min, adding self-made benzotriazole with the mass 1-3 times that of the photochromic fiber and tetrahydrofuran with the mass 10 times that of the photochromic fiber, stirring and reacting at 0 ℃ and 400rpm for 18h, washing with deionized water for 10-12 times, and drying at 80 ℃ for 7-8 h to obtain the modified fiber;

(6) opening the modified fiber at the machine speed of 1000-1500 rpm, and sizing by a sizing machine at the temperature of 60-70 ℃, wherein the sizing concentration is 15-20%; and (3) spinning the yarn in a loom at the temperature of 25-35 ℃ and at the rpm of 500-600, then feeding the yarn into a desizing machine, and treating the yarn for 5-10 min at the temperature of 90-95 ℃ to obtain the photochromic fabric.

Further, the two bottles in the step (3) are wrapped by aluminum foil paper, so that the whole reaction process is ensured to be carried out in the dark.

Further, in the dialysis process in the step (4), water is changed every 12 hours, and the cut-off molecular weight of the dialysis bag is 3500 Da.

Further, the preparation method of the self-made benzotriazole in the step (5) comprises the following steps:

a. putting hydroxyl o-phenylenediamine and potassium bromide with the mass of 0.83 time that of hydroxyl o-phenylenediamine into a round-bottom flask, adding glacial acetic acid with the mass of 21 times that of the hydroxyl o-phenylenediamine and sodium perborate with the mass of 1.14 times that of the hydroxyl o-phenylenediamine, stirring at 300rpm for 10-20 min, standing until a clear solution turns red, pouring the clear solution into ice water for filtration, washing with deionized water until the pH value is 6-7, and drying at room temperature for 12h to obtain brominated hydroxyl o-phenylenediamine;

b. dissolving brominated hydroxy o-phenylenediamine in water with the mass of 1.5 times that of the brominated hydroxy o-phenylenediamine and concentrated hydrochloric acid with the mass fraction of 60% with the mass of 21.4 times that of the brominated hydroxy o-phenylenediamine, stirring and dissolving, cooling to 0-5 ℃ in an ice bath, dropwise adding a sodium nitrite aqueous solution until the solution becomes light yellow, wherein the mass ratio of sodium nitrite to water in the sodium nitrite aqueous solution is 1:1.43, continuously adjusting the pH of the solution to 6-7 by using sodium bicarbonate under the condition that the temperature is lower than 5 ℃, dropwise adding diaminophenyl diacetylene-ethanol until light yellow precipitates appear, stirring for 10-15 min at 300rpm, filtering, washing for 4-5 times by using an ethanol solution with the mass fraction of 30%, and carrying out vacuum drying for 1-2 h under 600Pa to obtain triazene;

c. placing triazene, cuprous iodide with the mass of 0.025 times that of triazene, sodium tert-butoxide with the mass of 0.5 times that of triazene, phenanthroline with the mass of 0.05 times that of triazene and anhydrous dimethyl sulfoxide with the mass of 12 times that of triazene in a dry round-bottom flask, stirring at 135-140 ℃ and 300rpm in a nitrogen atmosphere, cooling to room temperature, adding deionized water with the mass of 30 times that of triazene, extracting for 3 times with ethyl acetate with the mass of 20 times that of triazene, combining ethyl acetate layers, drying with anhydrous sodium sulfate with the mass of 15 times that of triazene for 12 hours, and distilling at 70-85 ℃ for 2-3 hours to obtain the self-made benzotriazole.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the photochromic fabric is prepared by adopting modified fiber spinning, so that the photochromic fabric has photochromic, ultraviolet-proof and hydrophobic functions, wherein the modified fiber is prepared from the photochromic fiber and self-made benzotriazole; the photochromic fiber is prepared by cellulose and self-made spiropyran electrostatic spinning.

Firstly, the self-made spiropyran is prepared from modified salicylaldehyde and trimethylindole; the modified salicylaldehyde is prepared by coupling amino of diaminobenzenesulfonyl aniline and aryl of salicylaldehyde to generate azo group; under the irradiation of ultraviolet rays, the azo group in the modified salicylaldehyde can be converted from a trans-structure to a cis-structure in a short time, so that the visible light absorption spectrum is obviously changed, the color is changed, and the photochromic fiber has a photochromic effect; the self-made spiropyran is prepared by utilizing methyl adjacent to imino group in trimethylindole to perform cyclization reaction with hydroxyl and aldehyde group of modified salicylaldehyde to form a spiropyran structure, and under the stimulation of light, carbon-oxygen bonds in molecules of spiropyran groups are heterocleaved to form an open ring state, so that visible light absorption spectrum is moved, color change is influenced, and the fiber has the effect of photosensitive discoloration; after the self-made spiropyran and the cellulose are blended, imino of the self-made spiropyran reacts with hydroxyl of the cellulose, the self-made spiropyran is grafted on the cellulose, and then the photochromic fiber is prepared through electrostatic spinning, so that the photochromic fiber has two photosensitive groups, and the fiber has a strong photochromic effect under the combined action of the two photosensitive groups.

Secondly, the self-made benzotriazole is prepared from hydroxyl o-phenylenediamine and diaminophenyl diacetylene; the amino of hydroxyl o-phenylenediamine reacts with the amino of diaminophenyl diacetylene to generate diazo, then aryl of the hydroxyl o-phenylenediamine is brominated, and bromide ions and the diazo undergo intramolecular ammoniation cyclization reaction to generate a benzotriazole group; after the benzotriazole group is irradiated by ultraviolet rays, energy is absorbed to form a tautomer with higher photostability, so that the benzotriazole group has good absorption on the ultraviolet rays, can shield the ultraviolet rays and enables the fiber to have an ultraviolet-proof effect; the residual unreacted amino groups of the self-made benzotriazole react with cellulose of the photochromic fibers and are grafted in the molecular chains of the photochromic fibers to prepare modified fibers, so that the modified fibers have an ultraviolet-proof effect, and more hydrophobic aryl and alkyne are introduced, so that the fabric has a hydrophobic and moisture-proof function; in the process of preparing the fabric, the self-made spiropyran and the self-made benzotriazole among the modified fibers are subjected to hydroxylamine condensation, so that the modified fibers are closely linked, gaps are reduced, the hydrophobic effect is enhanced, and the moisture absorption and effect weakening of the modified fibers are reduced.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In order to more clearly illustrate the method provided by the present invention, the following examples are used to describe in detail, and the method for testing each index of the photochromic fabric manufactured in the following examples is as follows:

the photosensitive effect is as follows: and (3) observing whether color changes exist by naked eyes under the irradiation of sunlight on the fabric and the sample which is continuously washed for 720h by the household washing machine.

Ultraviolet resistance: and testing the ultraviolet transmittance of the fabric according to GB/T18830 by adopting an ultraviolet spectrophotometer.

Waterproofing: the fabric is tested by a DSA100 optical contact angle measuring instrument, the size of a water drop is 3 mu, 5 different positions are selected for measurement, and the final contact angle is averaged.

Example 1

A photochromic fabric mainly comprises the following components in parts by weight: 115 parts of cellulose, 172 parts of self-made spiropyran and 138 parts of self-made benzotriazole.

The preparation method of the photochromic fabric mainly comprises the following preparation steps:

(1) dissolving salicylaldehyde in a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 2% and the mass of the salicylaldehyde being 10.87 times that of the salicylaldehyde, and placing the salicylaldehyde-sodium hydroxide solution in an ice bath at the temperature of minus 2 ℃ to obtain the salicylaldehyde-sodium hydroxide solution; dissolving diaminobenzenesulfonamide with the mass fraction of 50% and 0.64 time of that of salicylaldehyde in sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 20 times of that of the salicylaldehyde, heating in water bath at 120 ℃, stirring at 200rpm until the mass fraction of the salicylaldehyde is dissolved, cooling until crystallization does not occur, and dripping nitrous acid solution with the mass fraction of 35% and 0.2 time of that of the salicylaldehyde at the speed of 1mL/min at 0 ℃ to obtain bright yellow clear solution; dropwise adding a bright yellow clear solution with the mass of 3.2 times of that of the salicylaldehyde into the salicylaldehyde-sodium hydroxide solution at a speed of 1mL/min while stirring at 200rpm, stirring for 3h, adjusting the pH to 5 by using a saturated sodium acetate solution, filtering, and drying at 60 ℃ for 4h to obtain the modified salicylaldehyde;

(2) placing trimethylindole, iodopropionic acid with the mass of 1.24 times of the trimethylindole and butanone with the mass of 0.9 time of the trimethylindole in a two-mouth bottle, heating to 100 ℃ in a nitrogen atmosphere, carrying out reflux reaction for 3 hours, then carrying out heat preservation for 28min at 80 ℃, adding ultrapure water with the mass of 0.8 time of the trimethylindole, washing with chloroform until the solution is colorless, and carrying out rotary evaporation for 17min at 60 ℃ and 200rpm to obtain trimethylindole iodide;

(3) butanone 11.9 times the mass of the modified salicylaldehyde, trimethylindole iodide 2.1 times the mass of the modified salicylaldehyde and piperidine 0.5 time the mass of the modified salicylaldehyde are placed in a two-mouth bottle, stirred for 10min at 300rpm, added with the modified salicylaldehyde, subjected to reflux reaction at 75 ℃ for 3h in a nitrogen atmosphere, then kept stand for 12h at room temperature, centrifuged for 4min at 1200rpm to obtain a precipitate, the precipitate is washed for 10 times by methanol, filtered, and placed in a drying oven at 50 ℃ for 24h to obtain the self-made spiropyran;

(4) placing cellulose, homemade spiropyran with the mass of 1.5 times of the cellulose, 4-dimethylamino pyridine with the mass of 0.4 times of the cellulose and tetrahydrofuran with the mass of 16 times of the cellulose into a single-neck flask, stirring until the mixture is dissolved, dripping dicyclohexylcarbodiimide/tetrahydrofuran solution with the mass of 5 times of the cellulose at the speed of 1mL/min under the condition of ice-water bath at the temperature of 0 ℃, keeping the mass ratio of dicyclohexylcarbodiimide to tetrahydrofuran in the dicyclohexylcarbodiimide/tetrahydrofuran solution at 1:6.7, continuing to react for 24h at room temperature after 2h of ice bath reaction, centrifuging for 5min at 1200rpm to obtain clear liquid, placing the clear liquid into secondary water for dialysis for 7d to obtain spinning solution, placing the spinning solution into an injector, and under the conditions of 15cm spinning range, 20kV voltage, 50 mu L/min spinning solution flow rate, 40 ℃ temperature and 20% RH humidity, preparing photochromic fibers;

(5) placing the photochromic fiber in deionized water with the mass 20 times that of the photochromic fiber for swelling for 40min, adding self-made benzotriazole with the mass 1.2 times that of the photochromic fiber and tetrahydrofuran with the mass 10 times that of the photochromic fiber, stirring and reacting for 18h at 0 ℃ and 400rpm, washing for 11 times by using the deionized water, and drying for 8h at 80 ℃ to obtain the modified fiber;

(6) opening the modified fiber at the machine speed of 1488rpm, and sizing at 67 ℃ by a sizing machine, wherein the sizing concentration is 16%; and (3) spinning in a loom at 550rpm at 30 ℃, and then sending into a desizing machine, and treating for 7min at 92 ℃ to obtain the photochromic fabric.

Further, the two bottles in the step (3) are wrapped by aluminum foil paper, so that the whole reaction process is ensured to be carried out in the dark.

Further, in the dialysis process in the step (4), water is changed every 12 hours, and the cut-off molecular weight of the dialysis bag is 3500 Da.

Further, the preparation method of the self-made benzotriazole in the step (5) comprises the following steps:

a. putting hydroxyl o-phenylenediamine and potassium bromide with the mass of 0.83 time that of the hydroxyl o-phenylenediamine into a round-bottom flask, adding glacial acetic acid with the mass of 21 times that of the hydroxyl o-phenylenediamine and sodium perborate with the mass of 1.14 times that of the hydroxyl o-phenylenediamine, stirring at 300rpm for 17min, standing until a clear solution turns red, pouring the clear solution into ice water for filtering, washing with deionized water until the pH is 7, and drying at room temperature for 12h to obtain brominated hydroxyl o-phenylenediamine;

b. dissolving brominated hydroxy o-phenylenediamine in water with the mass of 1.5 times that of the brominated hydroxy o-phenylenediamine and concentrated hydrochloric acid with the mass fraction of 60% with the mass of 21.4 times that of the brominated hydroxy o-phenylenediamine, stirring and dissolving, cooling to 3 ℃ in an ice bath, dropwise adding a sodium nitrite aqueous solution until the solution becomes light yellow, wherein the mass ratio of sodium nitrite to water in the sodium nitrite aqueous solution is 1:1.43, continuously adjusting the pH of the solution to 7 by using sodium bicarbonate under the condition that the temperature is lower than 5 ℃, dropwise adding diaminophenyl diacetylene-ethanol until light yellow precipitates appear, mixing the diaminophenyl diacetylene and the ethanol in the diaminophenyl diacetylene-ethanol at the mass ratio of 1:12, stirring at 300rpm for 13min, filtering, washing for 5 times by using an ethanol solution with the mass fraction of 30%, and vacuum drying for 2h under 600Pa to obtain triazene;

c. placing triazene, cuprous iodide with the mass of 0.025 times of that of triazene, sodium tert-butoxide with the mass of 0.5 times of that of triazene, phenanthroline with the mass of 0.05 times of that of triazene and anhydrous dimethyl sulfoxide with the mass of 12 times of that of triazene into a dry round-bottom flask, stirring at 137 ℃ and 300rpm for 8 hours under the nitrogen atmosphere, cooling to room temperature, adding deionized water with the mass of 30 times of triazene, extracting for 3 times by using ethyl acetate with the mass of 20 times of triazene, combining ethyl acetate layers, drying for 12 hours by using anhydrous sodium sulfate with the mass of 15 times of triazene, and distilling for 2 hours at 80 ℃ to obtain the self-made benzotriazole.

Example 2

A photochromic fabric mainly comprises the following components in parts by weight: 115 parts of cellulose, 172 parts of self-made spiropyran and 138 parts of self-made benzotriazole.

The preparation method of the photochromic fabric mainly comprises the following preparation steps:

(1) placing trimethylindole, iodopropionic acid with the mass of 1.24 times of the trimethylindole and butanone with the mass of 0.9 time of the trimethylindole in a two-mouth bottle, heating to 100 ℃ in a nitrogen atmosphere, carrying out reflux reaction for 3 hours, then carrying out heat preservation for 28min at 80 ℃, adding ultrapure water with the mass of 0.8 time of the trimethylindole, washing with chloroform until the solution is colorless, and carrying out rotary evaporation for 17min at 60 ℃ and 200rpm to obtain trimethylindole iodide;

(2) butanone 11.9 times the mass of salicylaldehyde, trimethylindole iodide 2.1 times the mass of salicylaldehyde, and piperidine 0.5 times the mass of salicylaldehyde are placed in a two-mouth bottle, stirred for 10min at 300rpm, added with salicylaldehyde, subjected to reflux reaction at 75 ℃ for 3h in a nitrogen atmosphere, then kept stand for 12h at room temperature, centrifuged for 4min at 1200rpm to obtain a precipitate, the precipitate is washed for 10 times by methanol, filtered, and placed in a drying oven at 50 ℃ for 24h to obtain the homemade spiropyran;

(3) placing cellulose, homemade spiropyran with the mass of 1.5 times of the cellulose, 4-dimethylamino pyridine with the mass of 0.4 times of the cellulose and tetrahydrofuran with the mass of 16 times of the cellulose into a single-neck flask, stirring until the mixture is dissolved, dripping dicyclohexylcarbodiimide/tetrahydrofuran solution with the mass of 5 times of the cellulose at the speed of 1mL/min under the condition of ice-water bath at the temperature of 0 ℃, keeping the mass ratio of dicyclohexylcarbodiimide to tetrahydrofuran in the dicyclohexylcarbodiimide/tetrahydrofuran solution at 1:6.7, continuing to react for 24h at room temperature after 2h of ice bath reaction, centrifuging for 5min at 1200rpm to obtain clear liquid, placing the clear liquid into secondary water for dialysis for 7d to obtain spinning solution, placing the spinning solution into an injector, and under the conditions of 15cm spinning range, 20kV voltage, 50 mu L/min spinning solution flow rate, 40 ℃ temperature and 20% RH humidity, preparing photochromic fibers;

(4) placing the photochromic fiber in deionized water with the mass 20 times that of the photochromic fiber for swelling for 40min, adding self-made benzotriazole with the mass 1.2 times that of the photochromic fiber and tetrahydrofuran with the mass 10 times that of the photochromic fiber, stirring and reacting for 18h at 0 ℃ and 400rpm, washing for 11 times by using the deionized water, and drying for 8h at 80 ℃ to obtain the modified fiber;

(5) opening the modified fiber at the machine speed of 1488rpm, and sizing at 67 ℃ by a sizing machine, wherein the sizing concentration is 16%; and (3) spinning in a loom at 550rpm at 30 ℃, and then sending into a desizing machine, and treating for 7min at 92 ℃ to obtain the photochromic fabric.

Further, the two bottles in the step (2) are wrapped by aluminum foil paper, so that the whole reaction process is ensured to be carried out in the dark.

Further, in the dialysis process in the step (3), water is changed every 12h, and the cut-off molecular weight of the dialysis bag is 3500 Da.

Further, the preparation method of the self-made benzotriazole in the step (4) comprises the following steps:

a. putting hydroxyl o-phenylenediamine and potassium bromide with the mass of 0.83 time that of the hydroxyl o-phenylenediamine into a round-bottom flask, adding glacial acetic acid with the mass of 21 times that of the hydroxyl o-phenylenediamine and sodium perborate with the mass of 1.14 times that of the hydroxyl o-phenylenediamine, stirring at 300rpm for 17min, standing until a clear solution turns red, pouring the clear solution into ice water for filtering, washing with deionized water until the pH is 7, and drying at room temperature for 12h to obtain brominated hydroxyl o-phenylenediamine;

b. dissolving brominated hydroxy o-phenylenediamine in water with the mass of 1.5 times that of the brominated hydroxy o-phenylenediamine and concentrated hydrochloric acid with the mass fraction of 60% with the mass of 21.4 times that of the brominated hydroxy o-phenylenediamine, stirring and dissolving, cooling to 3 ℃ in an ice bath, dropwise adding a sodium nitrite aqueous solution until the solution becomes light yellow, wherein the mass ratio of sodium nitrite to water in the sodium nitrite aqueous solution is 1:1.43, continuously adjusting the pH of the solution to 7 by using sodium bicarbonate under the condition that the temperature is lower than 5 ℃, dropwise adding diaminophenyl diacetylene-ethanol until light yellow precipitates appear, stirring for 13min at 300rpm, filtering, washing for 5 times by using an ethanol solution with the mass fraction of 30%, and vacuum drying for 2h under 600Pa to obtain triazene;

c. placing triazene, cuprous iodide with the mass of 0.025 times of that of triazene, sodium tert-butoxide with the mass of 0.5 times of that of triazene, phenanthroline with the mass of 0.05 times of that of triazene and anhydrous dimethyl sulfoxide with the mass of 12 times of that of triazene into a dry round-bottom flask, stirring at 137 ℃ and 300rpm for 8 hours under the nitrogen atmosphere, cooling to room temperature, adding deionized water with the mass of 30 times of triazene, extracting for 3 times by using ethyl acetate with the mass of 20 times of triazene, combining ethyl acetate layers, drying for 12 hours by using anhydrous sodium sulfate with the mass of 15 times of triazene, and distilling for 2 hours at 80 ℃ to obtain the self-made benzotriazole.

Example 3

A photochromic fabric mainly comprises the following components in parts by weight: 115 parts of cellulose, 172 parts of modified salicylaldehyde and 138 parts of self-made benzotriazole.

The preparation method of the photochromic fabric mainly comprises the following preparation steps:

(1) dissolving salicylaldehyde in a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 2% and the mass of the salicylaldehyde being 10.87 times that of the salicylaldehyde, and placing the salicylaldehyde-sodium hydroxide solution in an ice bath at the temperature of minus 2 ℃ to obtain the salicylaldehyde-sodium hydroxide solution; dissolving diaminobenzenesulfonamide with the mass fraction of 50% in an amount which is 20 times that of salicylaldehyde in an amount which is 0.64 times that of the salicylaldehyde in sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 50%, heating in water bath at 120 ℃, stirring at 200rpm until the solution is dissolved, cooling until crystallization does not occur, and dripping nitrous acid solution with the mass fraction of 35% in an amount which is 0.2 times that of the salicylaldehyde in nitrous acid solution at a speed of 1mL/min at 0 ℃ to obtain bright yellow clear solution; dropwise adding a bright yellow clear solution with the mass of 3.2 times of that of the salicylaldehyde into the salicylaldehyde-sodium hydroxide solution at a speed of 1mL/min while stirring at 200rpm, stirring for 3h, adjusting the pH to 5 by using a saturated sodium acetate solution, filtering, and drying at 60 ℃ for 4h to obtain the modified salicylaldehyde;

(2) placing cellulose, modified salicylaldehyde with the mass of 1.5 times of the cellulose, 4-dimethylamino pyridine with the mass of 0.4 times of the cellulose, and tetrahydrofuran with the mass of 16 times of the cellulose into a single-neck flask, stirring until the mixture is dissolved, dropwise adding a dicyclohexylcarbodiimide/tetrahydrofuran solution with the mass of 5 times of the cellulose at the speed of 1mL/min under the condition of ice-water bath at 0 ℃, wherein the mass ratio of dicyclohexylcarbodiimide to tetrahydrofuran in the dicyclohexylcarbodiimide/tetrahydrofuran solution is 1:6.7, continuing to react for 24h at room temperature after 2h of ice bath reaction, centrifuging for 5min at 1200rpm to obtain a clear solution, placing the clear solution into secondary water for dialysis for 7d to obtain a spinning solution, placing the spinning solution into an injector, and under the conditions of 15cm spinning range, 20kV voltage, 50 mu L/min spinning solution flow rate, 40 ℃ temperature and 20% RH humidity, preparing photochromic fibers;

(3) placing the photochromic fiber in deionized water with the mass 20 times that of the photochromic fiber for swelling for 40min, adding self-made benzotriazole with the mass 1.2 times that of the photochromic fiber and tetrahydrofuran with the mass 10 times that of the photochromic fiber, stirring and reacting for 18h at 0 ℃ and 400rpm, washing for 11 times by using the deionized water, and drying for 8h at 80 ℃ to obtain the modified fiber;

(4) opening the modified fiber at the machine speed of 1488rpm, and sizing at 67 ℃ by a sizing machine, wherein the sizing concentration is 16%; and (3) spinning in a loom at 550rpm at 30 ℃, and then sending into a desizing machine, and treating for 7min at 92 ℃ to obtain the photochromic fabric.

Further, in the dialysis process in the step (2), water is changed every 12h, and the cut-off molecular weight of the dialysis bag is 3500 Da.

Further, the preparation method of the self-made benzotriazole in the step (3) comprises the following steps:

a. putting hydroxyl o-phenylenediamine and potassium bromide with the mass of 0.83 time that of the hydroxyl o-phenylenediamine into a round-bottom flask, adding glacial acetic acid with the mass of 21 times that of the hydroxyl o-phenylenediamine and sodium perborate with the mass of 1.14 times that of the hydroxyl o-phenylenediamine, stirring at 300rpm for 17min, standing until a clear solution turns red, pouring the clear solution into ice water for filtering, washing with deionized water until the pH is 7, and drying at room temperature for 12h to obtain brominated hydroxyl o-phenylenediamine;

b. dissolving brominated hydroxy o-phenylenediamine in water with the mass of 1.5 times that of the brominated hydroxy o-phenylenediamine and concentrated hydrochloric acid with the mass fraction of 60% with the mass of 21.4 times that of the brominated hydroxy o-phenylenediamine, stirring and dissolving, cooling to 3 ℃ in an ice bath, dropwise adding a sodium nitrite aqueous solution until the solution becomes light yellow, wherein the mass ratio of sodium nitrite to water in the sodium nitrite aqueous solution is 1:1.43, continuously adjusting the pH of the solution to 7 by using sodium bicarbonate under the condition that the temperature is lower than 5 ℃, dropwise adding diaminophenyl diacetylene-ethanol until light yellow precipitates appear, stirring for 13min at 300rpm, filtering, washing for 5 times by using an ethanol solution with the mass fraction of 30%, and vacuum drying for 2h under 600Pa to obtain triazene;

c. placing triazene, cuprous iodide with the mass of 0.025 times of that of triazene, sodium tert-butoxide with the mass of 0.5 times of that of triazene, phenanthroline with the mass of 0.05 times of that of triazene and anhydrous dimethyl sulfoxide with the mass of 12 times of that of triazene into a dry round-bottom flask, stirring at 137 ℃ and 300rpm for 8 hours under the nitrogen atmosphere, cooling to room temperature, adding deionized water with the mass of 30 times of triazene, extracting for 3 times by using ethyl acetate with the mass of 20 times of triazene, combining ethyl acetate layers, drying for 12 hours by using anhydrous sodium sulfate with the mass of 15 times of triazene, and distilling for 2 hours at 80 ℃ to obtain the self-made benzotriazole.

Example 4

A photochromic fabric mainly comprises the following components in parts by weight: 115 parts of cellulose and 172 parts of self-made spiropyran.

The preparation method of the photochromic fabric mainly comprises the following preparation steps:

(1) dissolving salicylaldehyde in a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 2% and the mass of the salicylaldehyde being 10.87 times that of the salicylaldehyde, and placing the salicylaldehyde-sodium hydroxide solution in an ice bath at the temperature of minus 2 ℃ to obtain the salicylaldehyde-sodium hydroxide solution; dissolving diaminobenzenesulfonamide with the mass fraction of 50% and 0.64 time of that of salicylaldehyde in sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 20 times of that of the salicylaldehyde, heating in water bath at 120 ℃, stirring at 200rpm until the mass fraction of the salicylaldehyde is dissolved, cooling until crystallization does not occur, and dripping nitrous acid solution with the mass fraction of 35% and 0.2 time of that of the salicylaldehyde at the speed of 1mL/min at 0 ℃ to obtain bright yellow clear solution; dropwise adding a bright yellow clear solution with the mass of 3.2 times of that of the salicylaldehyde into the salicylaldehyde-sodium hydroxide solution at a speed of 1mL/min while stirring at 200rpm, stirring for 3h, adjusting the pH to 5 by using a saturated sodium acetate solution, filtering, and drying at 60 ℃ for 4h to obtain the modified salicylaldehyde;

(2) placing trimethylindole, iodopropionic acid with the mass of 1.24 times of the trimethylindole and butanone with the mass of 0.9 time of the trimethylindole in a two-mouth bottle, heating to 100 ℃ in a nitrogen atmosphere, carrying out reflux reaction for 3 hours, then carrying out heat preservation for 28min at 80 ℃, adding ultrapure water with the mass of 0.8 time of the trimethylindole, washing with chloroform until the solution is colorless, and carrying out rotary evaporation for 17min at 60 ℃ and 200rpm to obtain trimethylindole iodide;

(3) butanone 11.9 times the mass of the modified salicylaldehyde, trimethylindole iodide 2.1 times the mass of the modified salicylaldehyde and piperidine 0.5 time the mass of the modified salicylaldehyde are placed in a two-mouth bottle, stirred for 10min at 300rpm, added with the modified salicylaldehyde, subjected to reflux reaction at 75 ℃ for 3h in a nitrogen atmosphere, then kept stand for 12h at room temperature, centrifuged for 4min at 1200rpm to obtain a precipitate, the precipitate is washed for 10 times by methanol, filtered, and placed in a drying oven at 50 ℃ for 24h to obtain the self-made spiropyran;

(4) placing cellulose, homemade spiropyran with the mass of 1.5 times of the cellulose, 4-dimethylamino pyridine with the mass of 0.4 times of the cellulose and tetrahydrofuran with the mass of 16 times of the cellulose into a single-neck flask, stirring until the mixture is dissolved, dripping dicyclohexylcarbodiimide/tetrahydrofuran solution with the mass of 5 times of the cellulose at the speed of 1mL/min under the condition of ice-water bath at the temperature of 0 ℃, keeping the mass ratio of dicyclohexylcarbodiimide to tetrahydrofuran in the dicyclohexylcarbodiimide/tetrahydrofuran solution at 1:6.7, continuing to react for 24h at room temperature after 2h of ice bath reaction, centrifuging for 5min at 1200rpm to obtain clear liquid, placing the clear liquid into secondary water for dialysis for 7d to obtain spinning solution, placing the spinning solution into an injector, and under the conditions of 15cm spinning range, 20kV voltage, 50 mu L/min spinning solution flow rate, 40 ℃ temperature and 20% RH humidity, preparing photochromic fibers;

(5) opening the photochromic fiber at the machine speed of 1488rpm, and sizing by a sizing machine at 67 ℃, wherein the sizing concentration is 16%; and (3) spinning in a loom at 550rpm at 30 ℃, and then sending into a desizing machine, and treating for 7min at 92 ℃ to obtain the photochromic fabric.

Further, the two bottles in the step (3) are wrapped by aluminum foil paper, so that the whole reaction process is ensured to be carried out in the dark.

Further, in the dialysis process in the step (4), water is changed every 12 hours, and the cut-off molecular weight of the dialysis bag is 3500 Da.

Comparative example

A photochromic fabric mainly comprises the following components in parts by weight: 115 parts of cellulose and 172 parts of salicylaldehyde.

The preparation method of the photochromic fabric mainly comprises the following preparation steps:

(1) placing cellulose, salicylaldehyde with the mass of 1.5 times of the cellulose, 4-dimethylaminopyridine with the mass of 0.4 times of the cellulose and tetrahydrofuran with the mass of 16 times of the cellulose into a single-mouth flask, stirring until the cellulose is dissolved, dropwise adding dicyclohexylcarbodiimide/tetrahydrofuran solution with the mass of 5 times of the cellulose at the speed of 1mL/min under the condition of ice-water bath at the temperature of 0 ℃, wherein the mass ratio of dicyclohexylcarbodiimide to tetrahydrofuran in the dicyclohexylcarbodiimide/tetrahydrofuran solution is 1:6.7, continuing to react for 24h at room temperature after 2h of ice bath reaction, centrifuging for 5min at 1200rpm to obtain clear liquid, placing the clear liquid into secondary water for dialysis for 7d to obtain spinning solution, placing the spinning solution into an injector, and under the conditions of 15cm spinning range, 20kV voltage, 50 mu L/min spinning solution flow rate, 40 ℃ temperature and 20% RH humidity, preparing photochromic fibers;

(2) opening the photochromic fiber at the machine speed of 1488rpm, and sizing by a sizing machine at 67 ℃, wherein the sizing concentration is 16%; and (3) spinning in a loom at 550rpm at 30 ℃, and then sending into a desizing machine, and treating for 7min at 92 ℃ to obtain the photochromic fabric.

Further, in the dialysis process in the step (4), water is changed every 12 hours, and the cut-off molecular weight of the dialysis bag is 3500 Da.

Examples of effects

The following table 1 shows the results of performance analysis of the photochromic fabrics using examples 1 to 4 of the present invention and comparative example.

TABLE 1

Compared with the experimental data of the comparative example, the experimental data show that the example 1 has obvious photochromic behavior, the photochromic effect still exists after the fabrics are washed for many times, the ultraviolet transmittance is low, and the surface contact angle is large, which indicates that the modified salicylaldehyde and the trimethylindole are used for grafting modification of the cellulose, two photosensitive groups of azo group and spiropyranyl group are introduced into the cellulose molecular chain, the fibers have stronger photochromic efficacy under the combined action, the self-made benzotriazole is further used for modifying the photochromic fibers, the benzotriazole group is introduced, the fabric has the ultraviolet-proof function, the number of hydrophobic groups is increased, and the self-made spiropyrane and the self-made benzotriazole in the modified fibers are condensed, so that the fiber gaps are reduced, the hydrophobic effect is increased, and the fabric is waterproof, moistureproof and water-washing resistant; from the comparison of the experimental data of the embodiment 1 and the embodiment 2, the hydrophobicity of the embodiment 2 is low, after a plurality of times of water washing, the photosensitive effect is not generated, which indicates that the salicylaldehyde is not modified by the diaminobenzenesulphonanilide, the azo group cannot be formed, a plurality of photosensitive groups cannot be introduced into a cellulose molecular chain, the connection with the self-made benzotriazole is weak, a protective layer cannot be formed on the surface of the fiber, the gap cannot be covered, the hydrophobic effect cannot be enhanced, and the molecular bond is broken after a single photosensitive group is soaked and oscillated for a plurality of times, so that the photochromic effect is not generated; from the comparison of the experimental data of the example 1 and the example 3, it can be found that the example 3 has weak hydrophobicity, and after being washed for many times, the photochromic effect is not generated, which indicates that trimethyl indole and modified salicylaldehyde do not react, a spiropyran structure cannot be formed, a plurality of photosensitive groups cannot be introduced, and meanwhile, trimethyl indole does not exist, the modified salicylaldehyde is weakly connected with cellulose, after being washed for many times, the modified salicylaldehyde is easily broken with the cellulose, so that the photochromic effect is not generated, and in addition, the hydrophobic effect cannot be gained due to weak connection with home-made benzotriazole; the experimental data comparison between the example 1 and the example 4 shows that the ultraviolet transmittance is high and the hydrophobicity is weak in the example 4, which indicates that the photosensitive color-changing fiber is not modified by the self-made benzotriazole, the benzotriazole group cannot be introduced, the ultraviolet resistance effect cannot be achieved, meanwhile, more hydrophobic groups cannot be introduced, and the photosensitive color-changing fiber cannot react with the self-made spiropyran, so that the connection between the fibers is weak, the gaps cannot be reduced, and the hydrophobicity of the fiber is weak, therefore, after multiple times of washing, water molecules enter the inside of the molecules of the photosensitive color-changing fiber, and the effect of the photosensitive groups is weakened due to hydrophilicity.

It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.