阅读说明：本技术 一种隧道开挖防岩爆用岩体稳定型支护装置及其施工方法 (Rock mass stable type supporting device for rock burst prevention in tunnel excavation and construction method thereof ) 是由 李克钢 李明亮 秦庆词 张文涛 娄颖豪 徐港 于 2021-10-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种隧道开挖防岩爆用岩体稳定型支护装置及其施工方法,属于矿山、隧道及水电站等岩土工程应用技术领域。装置包括结构相同的第一支护装置、第二支护装置,第一支护装置与第二支护装置之间通过连接梁连接,第一支护装置包括立板、上横梁、下横梁、支撑组件和立板支护装置；立板的中部与若干个立板支护装置贯穿插接,立板上部分别与上横梁以及下横梁固定连接,立板顶端面分别固定安装有外支护板以及内支护板,两个插板之间设有支撑组件。施工方法包括安装立板、外支护板等步骤。本发明通过扩散式中空锚杆实现支护装置的稳定安装,通过连接梁实现支护装置的连接,起到支护装置之间的稳定效果,并具有吸能作用。(The invention discloses a rock mass stable type supporting device for rock burst prevention in tunnel excavation and a construction method of the rock mass stable type supporting device, and belongs to the technical field of geotechnical engineering application of mines, tunnels, hydropower stations and the like. The device comprises a first supporting device and a second supporting device which have the same structure, the first supporting device is connected with the second supporting device through a connecting beam, and the first supporting device comprises a vertical plate, an upper cross beam, a lower cross beam, a supporting assembly and a vertical plate supporting device; the middle part of the vertical plate is inserted in the vertical plate supporting devices in a penetrating way, the upper part of the vertical plate is fixedly connected with the upper cross beam and the lower cross beam respectively, the top end surface of the vertical plate is fixedly provided with an outer supporting protection plate and an inner supporting protection plate respectively, and a supporting component is arranged between the two inserting plates. The construction method comprises the steps of installing the vertical plate, the outer supporting protection plate and the like. The invention realizes the stable installation of the supporting device through the diffusion type hollow anchor rods, realizes the connection of the supporting device through the connecting beams, plays the role of stabilizing the supporting devices and has the function of energy absorption.)

1. The utility model provides an explosion-proof rock mass stable form supporting device that uses of tunnel excavation which characterized in that: the device comprises a first supporting device and a second supporting device which are identical in structure, wherein the first supporting device is connected with the second supporting device through a connecting beam (11), and the first supporting device comprises a vertical plate (1), an upper cross beam (2), a lower cross beam (3), a supporting assembly (14) and the vertical plate supporting device;

the vertical plate (1) comprises a left side plate and a right side plate, the middle part of the vertical plate (1) is in penetration and insertion connection with a plurality of vertical plate supporting devices, the upper part of the vertical plate (1) is respectively fixedly connected with an upper cross beam (2) and a lower cross beam (3), the upper cross beam (2) is positioned on the upper part of the lower cross beam (3) and arranged at intervals, the top end surface of the vertical plate (1) is respectively and fixedly provided with an outer supporting protection plate (4) and an inner supporting protection plate (5), the outer supporting protection plate (4) is positioned on the outer side of the inner supporting protection plate (5), both ends of the upper cross beam (2) are fixedly connected with the lower cross beam (3) through fixing blocks (9), both sides of the fixing blocks (9) are respectively and fixedly provided with dampers (10), the fixing blocks (9) are in inner embedded connection with both ends of a connecting beam (11), both ends of the upper cross beam (2) are movably inserted with insertion plates (12), a supporting component (14) is arranged between the two insertion plates (12), the bottom of the supporting component (14) is fixed on the upper cross beam (2), the top part is contacted with the inner wall of the inner supporting guard plate (5).

2. The rock mass stable form supporting device for rock burst is prevented in tunnel excavation according to claim 1, characterized in that: the support assembly (14) comprises a support plate (15), connecting plate (16) and rigging board (17), inner support backplate (5) inner wall contact connecting plate (16), backup pad (15) comprise three circular-arc plate body, two adjacent circular-arc plate bodies laminate each other and rotate the connection, every circular-arc plate body surface all is fixed with connecting plate (16), rigging board (17) bottom is fixed at entablature (2) up end, rigging board (17) middle part rotates with threaded rod (20) to be connected, connecting block (21) cover is on threaded rod (20), the top and backup pad (15) inner wall of threaded rod (20) rotate to be connected, the both sides end of connecting block (21) rotates and is connected with lagging (22), limiting plate (23) cup joint through first buffer spring (24) and lagging (22) inside activity, rigging board (17) both sides outer wall is connected with backup pad (15) through second buffer spring (26) respectively.

3. The rock mass stable form supporting device for rock burst is prevented in tunnel excavation according to claim 1, characterized in that: the vertical plate supporting device comprises a hollow anchor rod (27), a connecting sleeve (28), a stabilizing rod (29) and an inserting rod (33); the hollow anchor rod (27) penetrates through and is inserted on the vertical plate (1), the outer end surface of the hollow anchor rod is respectively connected with the connecting sleeve (28) and the stabilizer bar (29), the end part of the hollow anchor rod (27) is fixedly connected with the fixed shaft (39), the rear end of the fixed shaft (39) contacts the connecting sleeve (28), the stabilizer bar (29) is rotationally connected with the edge of the front end part of the connecting sleeve (28), the inner wall of the connecting sleeve (28) is provided with a groove (30), the inside of the hollow anchor rod (27) is inserted with the inserting rod (33) in a penetrating and sliding manner, the inserting rod (33) is fixedly connected with three limiting shafts (34), the surface of the hollow anchor rod (27) is provided with long holes (31) at intervals, the inside of each long hole (31) is rotationally connected with the limiting rod (32), one end of each limiting rod (32) extends to the inside of the groove (30) and contacts the inner wall of the stabilizer bar (30), the other end of each limiting rod (32) contacts the limiting shaft (34), and the number of the four limiting rods (29) is four, four stabilizer bar (29) cross-section all is the arc structure, four stabilizer bar (29) laminating each other is connected and is formed the ring structure, and stabilizer bar (29) are rotated with connecting rod (38) one end and are connected, and connecting rod (38) other end runs through slot hole (31) and is connected with movable sleeve (36) surface rotation, and grafting is run through with inserted bar (33) to movable sleeve (36) tip, and inserted bar (33) tip fixedly connected with connecting axle (35), connecting axle (35) and the inside sliding connection of movable sleeve (36), and movable sleeve (36) are through connecting spring (37) and connecting axle (35) fixed connection.

4. The rock mass stable form supporting device for rock burst is prevented in tunnel excavation according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bottom end of the vertical plate (1) is fixedly connected with a bottom plate (6), the bottom plate (6) is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the vertical plate (1) through a reinforcing rod (7) which is distributed in an inclined mode, and the vertical plate (1) is fixedly installed on the ground through a screw rod (8).

5. The rock mass stable form supporting device for rock burst is prevented in tunnel excavation according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outer supporting guard plate (4) and the inner supporting guard plate (5) are both in semicircular annular structures, the circles of the outer supporting guard plate (4) and the inner supporting guard plate (5) are mutually overlapped, and a gap is formed between the outer supporting guard plate (4) and the inner supporting guard plate (5).

6. The rock mass stable form supporting device for rock explosion prevention in tunnel excavation of claim 2, characterized in that: the supporting plate (15) is of a semicircular ring structure, the two sides of the bottom end of the supporting plate (15) are fixedly connected with the convex plates (18), the middle of each convex plate (18) is provided with an opening (19), one side of each convex plate (18) is in contact with the corresponding inserting plate (12), the top end of each inserting plate (12) is provided with a bayonet (13), and the bayonet (13) is connected with the inner portion of each opening (19) in an embedded mode.

7. The rock mass stable form supporting device for rock explosion prevention in tunnel excavation of claim 2, characterized in that: laminating board (17) are the U-shaped structure, and bolt and entablature (2) fixed connection are passed through to laminating board (17) bottom, and socket (25) have been seted up on limiting plate (23) top, and limiting plate (23) top is pegged graft with the inside gomphosis in backup pad (15) both sides.

8. The rock mass stable form supporting device for rock burst is prevented in tunnel excavation according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bottom end of the inserting plate (12) is in contact with the lower cross beam (3), the distance between the inserting plate (12) and the fixing block (9) is smaller than the width of the connecting beam (11), notches (40) are formed in the two ends of the connecting beam (11), and the dampers (10) on the two sides of the fixing block (9) are in contact with the inner walls on the two sides of the notches (40).

9. The rock mass stable form supporting device for rock explosion prevention in tunnel excavation of claim 3, characterized in that: a plurality of hollow anchor rods (27) are uniformly distributed on the surface of the vertical plate (1), and threads are formed on the surfaces of the hollow anchor rods (27), the connecting sleeve (28) and the stabilizer bar (29).

10. A construction method of the rock mass stabilization type supporting device for rock burst prevention in tunnel excavation according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

1) installing a vertical plate (1), an outer supporting protection plate (4) and an inner supporting protection plate (5), firstly installing the vertical plate (1) at two sides of a position to be supported, and realizing the stable installation of the vertical plate (1) by rotating a screw rod (8) on a bottom plate (6);

2) installing a connecting beam (11), installing the connecting beam (11) between the first supporting device and the second supporting device, enabling two ends of the connecting beam (11) to be embedded on the fixing block (9), inserting the connecting beam (11) into the fixing block (9) through notches (40) at two ends of the connecting beam (11), and enabling the end part of the connecting beam (11) to be in contact with the damper (10);

3) installing a plug board (12), and inserting the plug pin (12) on the upper cross beam (2) to enable the plug pin (12) to abut against the connecting beam (11);

4) installing a supporting component (14), integrally placing the supporting component (14) on the surface of an upper cross beam (2), rotating supporting plates (15) on two sides before installation to enable a convex plate (18) to be attached to the surface of the upper cross beam (2), fixing an attaching plate (17) on the surface of the upper cross beam (2) through a bolt, loosening the supporting plates (15) on two sides, pushing the supporting plates (15) to rotate to the original position through a second buffer spring (26) in a compression state, driving the convex plate (18) to move by the supporting plates (15), enabling an opening (19) in the middle of the supporting plates to move to the inside of a bayonet (13) at the top of an inserting plate (12), then rotating a threaded rod (20), driving a connecting block (21) to move upwards to drive a sleeve plate (22) and a limiting plate (23) to rotate simultaneously when two ends of the threaded rod (20) rotate at the middle of the top of the supporting plates (15) and the bottom of the attaching plate (17), the limiting plates (23) are abutted against the two sides of the supporting plate (15), when the sleeve plate (22) continues to rotate, the limiting plates (23) move in the sleeve plate (22), the first buffer springs (24) in the sleeve plate are compressed, and the supporting plate (15) drives the connecting plate (16) to contact the inner supporting guard plate (5) when rotating, so that the inner supporting guard plate (5) is supported;

5) installing a hollow anchor rod (27), enabling the hollow anchor rod (27) to penetrate through the vertical plate (1) and be connected to the inside of soil in a threaded manner by rotating the hollow anchor rod (27), enabling the hollow anchor rod (27) to drive the connecting sleeve (28) and the stabilizer bar (29) to rotate simultaneously by positioning the limiting rod (32) in the groove (30) when the hollow anchor rod (27) is rotated, pushing the inserting rod (33) after the operation is completed, enabling the inserting rod (33) to drive the connecting shaft (35) to move in the movable sleeve (36), pushing the movable sleeve (36) to move after the connecting spring (37) is compressed, pushing the connecting rod (38) to rotate, enabling the stabilizer bar (29) to be unfolded towards the periphery, driving the limiting shaft (34) to move simultaneously when the inserting rod (33) moves, enabling the inserting rod (33) to drive the limiting shaft (34) to contact with the limiting rod (32) after the stabilizer bar (39) is unfolded, continuously moving the inserting rod (33) to drive the limiting rod (32) to rotate around the middle part of the hollow anchor rod, the limiting rod (32) is rotated out of the groove (30) and separated from the connecting sleeve (28), when the inserted rod (33) is pushed again, at the moment, the limiting rod (32) is separated from the groove (30), when the hollow anchor rod (27) is rotated again, the hollow anchor rod (27) cannot drive the connecting sleeve (28) and the stabilizer bar (29) to continue rotating, the fixed shaft (39) can be driven to continue rotating and go deep forward, the fixed shaft (39) pushes the connecting sleeve (28) to move, and the connecting sleeve (28) drives the unfolded stabilizer bar (29) to continue extending into soil.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a rock mass stable type supporting device for rock burst prevention in tunnel excavation and a construction method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of geotechnical engineering application of mines, tunnels, hydropower stations and the like.

Background

The rock burst is a form of rock body destruction, which is a rock body or a geological structure body in a high stress or extreme balance state, under the disturbance of excavation activity, strain energy stored in the rock body is released instantly, so that part of rocks around an excavation space are suddenly and violently protruded or ejected out of a parent rock body, and the rock burst can be divided into the following dynamic mechanical phenomena according to the occurrence part and the released energy: rock burst caused by sudden rupture of surrounding rock surface, which makes a sound like a split snap shot by a machine gun when the rock burst occurs, so the rock burst is called rock shooting; the rock burst is formed by rock burst fracture surfaces which are of two types, namely a fracture surface parallel to a cave wall and a fracture surface obliquely crossed with the cave wall, the fracture surface parallel to the cave wall belongs to a tensile fracture surface, a rock burst block fracture is formed by a plurality of approximately parallel flat surfaces, extremely thin small fragments are attached to the surfaces, the surfaces are usually vertical small steep sills, the oblique-crossed cave wall fracture surface is related to the tunneling direction, an acute angle formed by the oblique-crossed cave wall always points to the tunneling direction, the fracture surface obliquely crossed with the cave wall belongs to a tensile fracture surface, the rock burst surface is flat and straight, and radial fine ditches, scratches and friction steps can be seen. With the continuous promotion of national strength in China, tunnel construction is increasing day by day, and with the vigorous construction of tunnel engineering, some important disaster phenomena emerge, wherein rock burst disasters are the most serious, which brings great problems of life safety and field large-scale equipment damage to construction operators. Therefore, it is important to provide a reasonable and effective technical means for preventing the rock burst disaster.

In patent document CN201510995863.1, it can improve the stability of rock mass, reduce the exposure time of surrounding rock, prevent rock burst and collapse stone as much as possible, and limit small collapse stones in a certain space, so as to better solve the problem of rock burst and collapse stone that may occur after tunnel excavation and blasting support, but lack support function, during the rock burst occurring process, the walls of tunnel and the like vibrate greatly, so that the walls have potential safety hazard, while the common support device has poor support effect, especially the walls of tunnel and the like have large stress release, which affects the safety performance of tunnel, it is difficult to realize the absorption of kinetic energy during support, which brings too high requirement to the structural strength of the support device, and the support device is difficult to install, which causes work difficulty for constructors. At present, there is no rock mass stable supporting device for rock burst prevention in tunnel excavation, which has a reasonable and reliable structure, is convenient to install and has high stability.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the not enough of prior art, this application adopts supporting device to strut the support around taking place tunnel rock burst, and supporting device can be fixed in the wall body through the cavity stock steadily, guarantees supporting device's stability, can prevent that supporting device from appearing the damage problem when rock burst, guarantees the support security of rock burst in-process.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a rock mass stable type supporting device for rock burst prevention in tunnel excavation comprises a first supporting device and a second supporting device which are identical in structure, wherein the first supporting device and the second supporting device are connected through a connecting beam 11, and the first supporting device comprises a vertical plate 1, an upper cross beam 2, a lower cross beam 3, a supporting assembly 14 and a vertical plate supporting device;

the vertical plate 1 comprises a left side plate and a right side plate, the middle part of the vertical plate 1 is in penetration and insertion connection with a plurality of vertical plate supporting devices, the upper part of the vertical plate 1 is respectively fixedly connected with an upper cross beam 2 and a lower cross beam 3, the upper cross beam 2 is positioned on the upper part of the lower cross beam 3 and is arranged at intervals, the top end face of the vertical plate 1 is respectively fixedly provided with an outer supporting protection plate 4 and an inner supporting protection plate 5, the outer supporting protection plate 4 is positioned on the outer side of the inner supporting protection plate 5, the two ends of the upper cross beam 2 are respectively fixedly connected with the lower cross beam 3 through a fixing block 9, the two sides of the fixing block 9 are both fixedly provided with dampers 10, the fixing block 9 is in embedded connection with the two ends of a connecting beam 11, the two ends of the upper cross beam 2 are movably inserted with inserting plates 12, a supporting component 14 is arranged between the two inserting plates 12, the bottom of the supporting component 14 is fixed on the upper cross beam 2, and the top is in contact with the inner wall of the inner supporting protection plate 5.

Specifically, the supporting component 14 includes a supporting plate 15, a connecting plate 16 and a joint plate 17, the inner wall of the inner supporting guard plate 5 contacts with the connecting plate 16, the supporting plate 15 is composed of three arc-shaped plate bodies, two adjacent arc-shaped plate bodies are mutually jointed and rotatably connected, the outer surface of each arc-shaped plate body is fixedly provided with the connecting plate 16, the bottom of the joint plate 17 is fixedly arranged on the upper end surface of the upper cross beam 2, the middle part of the joint plate 17 is rotatably connected with a threaded rod 20, a connecting block 21 is sleeved on the threaded rod 20, the top of the threaded rod 20 is rotatably connected with the inner wall of the supporting plate 15, two side ends of the connecting block 21 are rotatably connected with sleeve plates 22, a limiting plate 23 is movably sleeved with the inner part of the sleeve plates 22 through a first buffer spring 24, and the outer walls of two sides of the joint plate 17 are respectively connected with the supporting plate 15 through a second buffer spring 26.

Specifically, the vertical plate supporting device comprises a hollow anchor rod 27, a connecting sleeve 28, a stabilizing rod 29 and an inserting rod 33; the hollow anchor rod 27 penetrates and is inserted on the vertical plate 1, the outer end surface of the hollow anchor rod 27 is respectively connected with the connecting sleeve 28 and the stabilizer bar 29, the end part of the hollow anchor rod 27 is fixedly connected with the fixed shaft 39, the rear end of the fixed shaft 39 contacts the connecting sleeve 28, the stabilizer bar 29 is rotatably connected with the edge of the front end part of the connecting sleeve 28, the inner wall of the connecting sleeve 28 is provided with the groove 30, the inner part of the hollow anchor rod 27 penetrates and is inserted and connected with the inserting rod 33 in a sliding manner, the inserting rod 33 is fixedly connected with three limiting shafts 34, the surface of the hollow anchor rod 27 is provided with long holes 31 at intervals, the inner part of each long hole 31 is rotatably connected with the corresponding limiting rod 32, one end of each limiting rod 32 extends into the corresponding groove 30 and contacts the inner wall of the corresponding groove 30, the other end of each limiting rod 32 contacts with the corresponding limiting shaft 34, the stabilizer bars 29 are four, the cross sections of the four stabilizer bars 29 are arc-shaped structures, the four stabilizer bars 29 are mutually attached and form a circular ring-shaped structure, and the stabilizer bar 29 is rotatably connected with one end of the connecting rod 38, the other end of the connecting rod 38 penetrates through the long hole 31 and is rotatably connected with the surface of the movable sleeve 36, the end of the movable sleeve 36 penetrates through and is inserted into the insertion rod 33, the end of the insertion rod 33 is fixedly connected with a connecting shaft 35, the connecting shaft 35 is slidably connected with the inner part of the movable sleeve 36, and the movable sleeve 36 is fixedly connected with the connecting shaft 35 through a connecting spring 37.

Specifically, 1 bottom fixedly connected with bottom plate 6 of riser, bottom plate 6 are through the stiffener 7 and the 1 bottom fixed connection of riser that the slope distributes, and riser 1 passes through screw rod 8 and ground fixed mounting.

Preferably, the outer supporting and protecting plate 4 and the inner supporting and protecting plate 5 are both semi-circular ring structures, the circles of the outer supporting and protecting plate 4 and the inner supporting and protecting plate 5 are overlapped, and a space is formed between the outer supporting and protecting plate 4 and the inner supporting and protecting plate 5.

Preferably, the supporting plate 15 is of a semicircular ring structure, the two sides of the bottom end of the supporting plate 15 are fixedly connected with the convex plates 18, the middle parts of the convex plates 18 are provided with openings 19, one sides of the convex plates 18 contact the inserting plate 12, the top end of the inserting plate 12 is provided with the bayonets 13, and the bayonets 13 are in embedded clamping connection with the insides of the openings 19.

Preferably, the attaching plate 17 is of a U-shaped structure, the bottom of the attaching plate 17 is fixedly connected with the upper beam 2 through a bolt, the top end of the limiting plate 23 is provided with a socket 25, and the top end of the limiting plate 23 is embedded and connected with the inner parts of the two sides of the supporting plate 15.

Specifically, the bottom end of the inserting plate 12 contacts the lower cross beam 3, the distance between the inserting plate 12 and the fixing block 9 is smaller than the width of the connecting beam 11, notches 40 are formed in two ends of the connecting beam 11, and the dampers 10 on two sides of the fixing block 9 contact inner walls on two sides of the notches 40.

Preferably, a plurality of hollow anchor rods 27 are uniformly distributed on the surface of the vertical plate 1, and threads are formed on the surfaces of the hollow anchor rods 27, the connecting sleeve 28 and the stabilizing rod 29.

Preferably, the width of the supporting plate 15 is less than that of the outer protecting plate 4, the total thickness of the outer protecting plate 4, the inner protecting plate 5 and the gap between the two is equal to the thickness of the vertical plate 1, the widths of the outer protecting plate 4, the inner protecting plate 5, the upper cross beam 2, the lower cross beam 3 and the vertical plate 1 are the same, and the width of the supporting plate 15 is greater than that of the sleeve plate 22.

The construction method of the stable rock mass supporting device for rock burst prevention in tunnel excavation comprises the following steps:

1) installing a vertical plate 1, an outer supporting protection plate 4 and an inner supporting protection plate 5, firstly installing the vertical plate 1 on two sides of a position to be supported, and realizing the stable installation of the vertical plate 1 by rotating a screw 8 on a bottom plate 6;

2) installing a connecting beam 11, installing the connecting beam 11 between two supporting devices, enabling two ends of the connecting beam 11 to be embedded on the fixing block 9, inserting the connecting beam 11 into the fixing block 9 through notches 40 at two ends of the connecting beam 11, and enabling the end part of the connecting beam 11 to be in contact with the damper 10;

3) installing a plug board 12, inserting the plug pin 12 on the upper cross beam 2, and enabling the plug pin 12 to abut against the connecting beam 11, so that the limiting of the connecting beam 11 is realized, and the stability of the connecting beam 11 is ensured;

4) installing the supporting component 14, placing the supporting component 14 on the surface of the upper beam 2 as a whole, rotating the supporting plates 15 on both sides before installation to make the convex plate 18 attached to the surface of the upper beam 2, fixing the attaching plate 17 on the surface of the upper beam 2 by bolts, loosening the supporting plates 15 on both sides, pushing the supporting plates 15 to rotate to the original position by the second buffer spring 26 in a compressed state, in the process that the supporting plates 15 drive the convex plate 18 to move, moving the opening 19 in the middle of the supporting plates to the inside of the bayonet 13 at the top of the inserting plate 12 to further realize the limit of the inserting plate 12, preventing the inserting plate 12 from moving and loosening, rotating the threaded rod 20 again, driving the connecting block 21 to move upwards when the two ends of the threaded rod 20 rotate at the middle of the top of the supporting plates 15 and the bottom of the attaching plate 17, driving the sleeve plate 22 and the limiting plate 23 to rotate simultaneously, making the limiting plate 23 abut against both sides of the supporting plates 15, and when the sleeve plate 22 continues to rotate, the limiting plate 23 moves in the sleeve plate 22, the first buffer spring 24 in the sleeve plate is compressed, and the supporting plate 15 drives the connecting plate 16 to contact the inner supporting guard plate 5 when rotating, so that the inner supporting guard plate 5 is supported;

5) installing the hollow anchor rod 27, making it pass through the vertical plate 1 and be connected to the soil by screw thread by rotating the hollow anchor rod 27, when rotating the hollow anchor rod 27, the limiting rod 32 is located in the groove 30, making the hollow anchor rod 27 can drive the connecting sleeve 28 and the stabilizing rod 29 to rotate simultaneously, after the operation is completed, pushing the inserting rod 33, making the inserting rod 33 drive the connecting shaft 35 to move in the movable sleeve 36, after the connecting spring 37 is compressed, pushing the movable sleeve 36 to move, and pushing the connecting rod 38 to rotate, making the stabilizing rod 29 expand to the periphery, when the inserting rod 33 moves, driving the limiting shaft 34 to move simultaneously, after the stabilizing rod 39 expands, the inserting rod 33 drives the limiting shaft 34 to contact with the limiting rod 32, continuing to move the inserting rod 33 to make it push the limiting rod 32 to rotate around the middle part, making the limiting rod 32 rotate out from the groove 30, and separate from the connecting sleeve 28, when pushing the inserting rod 33 again, because the limiting rod 32 separates from the groove 30, when the hollow anchor rod 27 is rotated again, the hollow anchor rod 27 does not drive the connecting sleeve 28 and the stabilizer bar 29 to continue rotating, but drives the fixed shaft 39 to continue rotating and go deep forward, so that the fixed shaft 39 pushes the connecting sleeve 28 to move, and the connecting sleeve 28 drives the unfolded stabilizer bar 29 to continue to go deep into the soil, thereby achieving the effect of stable connection.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the utility model provides a tunnel excavation rock mass stable form supporting device machine construction method for explosion-proof rock mass of preventing that rational in infrastructure is reliable and have simple to operate and high stability, it adopts supporting device to support the protection to the wall body around the rock burst takes place, realize supporting device's stable installation through diffusion formula cavity stock, guarantee supporting device's stability, can realize supporting device's connection through the tie-beam simultaneously, play the stable effect between the supporting device, avoid rock burst in-process the not hard up problem of supporting device to appear, and supporting device has the energy-absorbing effect, can effectively slow down the vibrations nature of wall body at the rock burst in-process, avoid the emergence of the accident of collapsing, and supporting device simple to operate, can realize the quick installation of supporting device and supporting component, can realize that the tie-beam is spacing simultaneously, effectively reduce the construction degree of difficulty.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, serve to provide a further understanding of the application and to enable other features, objects, and advantages of the application to be more apparent. The drawings and their description illustrate the embodiments of the invention and do not limit it. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a rock mass stabilization type supporting device for rock burst prevention in tunnel excavation according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a first perspective structure of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of the embodiment of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the embodiment of FIG. 2 at the upper and lower cross members;

FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of the support assembly of the embodiment of FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the internal perspective of the sleeve plate of the embodiment of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the interior elevation of the anchor shank in the embodiment of FIG. 2;

FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of a portion of the embodiment A shown in FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the interior half-section of the hollow anchor rod in the embodiment of FIG. 9;

fig. 11 is a schematic front view of the stabilizer bar of fig. 8 during expansion.

The meaning of the reference symbols in the figures:

1. a vertical plate; 2. an upper cross beam; 3. a lower cross beam; 4. an outer support guard plate; 5. an inner supporting guard plate; 6. a base plate; 7. a reinforcing bar; 8. a screw; 9. a fixed block; 10. a damper; 11. a connecting beam; 12. inserting plates; 13. a bayonet; 14. a support assembly; 15. a support plate; 16. a connecting plate; 17. attaching a plate; 18. a convex plate; 19. an opening; 20. a threaded rod; 21. connecting blocks; 22. sheathing; 23. a limiting plate; 24. a first buffer spring; 25. a socket; 26. a second buffer spring; 27. a hollow anchor rod; 28. connecting sleeves; 29. a stabilizer bar; 30. a groove; 31. a long hole; 32. a limiting rod; 33. inserting a rod; 34. a limiting shaft; 35. a connecting shaft; 36. a movable sleeve; 37. a connecting spring; 38. a connecting rod; 39. a fixed shaft; 40. and (4) a notch.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solutions better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only partial embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of this application and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It should be understood that the data so used may be interchanged under appropriate circumstances such that embodiments of the application described herein may be used. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

In this application, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "middle", "vertical", "horizontal", "lateral", "longitudinal", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings. These terms are used primarily to better describe the present application and its embodiments, and are not used to limit the indicated devices, elements or components to a particular orientation or to be constructed and operated in a particular orientation.

Moreover, some of the above terms may be used to indicate other meanings besides the orientation or positional relationship, for example, the term "on" may also be used to indicate some kind of attachment or connection relationship in some cases. The specific meaning of these terms in this application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.

Furthermore, the terms "mounted," "disposed," "provided," "connected," and "sleeved" are to be construed broadly. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or a unitary construction; can be a mechanical connection, or an electrical connection; may be directly connected, or indirectly connected through intervening media, or may be in internal communication between two devices, elements or components. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.

Example 1: as shown in fig. 1 to 11, a rock mass stabilization type supporting device for rock burst prevention in tunnel excavation comprises a first supporting device and a second supporting device which have the same structure, wherein the first supporting device and the second supporting device are connected through a connecting beam 11, and the first supporting device comprises a vertical plate 1, an upper cross beam 2, a lower cross beam 3, a supporting assembly 14 and a vertical plate supporting device;

the vertical plate 1 comprises a left side plate and a right side plate, the middle part of the vertical plate 1 is in penetration and insertion connection with a plurality of vertical plate supporting devices, the upper part of the vertical plate 1 is respectively fixedly connected with an upper cross beam 2 and a lower cross beam 3, the upper cross beam 2 is positioned on the upper part of the lower cross beam 3 and is arranged at intervals, the top end face of the vertical plate 1 is respectively fixedly provided with an outer supporting protection plate 4 and an inner supporting protection plate 5, the outer supporting protection plate 4 is positioned on the outer side of the inner supporting protection plate 5, the two ends of the upper cross beam 2 are respectively fixedly connected with the lower cross beam 3 through a fixing block 9, the two sides of the fixing block 9 are both fixedly provided with dampers 10, the fixing block 9 is in embedded connection with the two ends of a connecting beam 11, the two ends of the upper cross beam 2 are movably inserted with inserting plates 12, a supporting component 14 is arranged between the two inserting plates 12, the bottom of the supporting component 14 is fixed on the upper cross beam 2, and the top is in contact with the inner wall of the inner supporting protection plate 5. The damper 10 is used for playing a role in shock absorption and effectively improving the stability of the supporting device.

More in order to solve the problem among the prior art: at supporting device top installation supporting component, can realize the wall body top and support, have the energy-absorbing effect simultaneously, can effectively alleviate the vibrations of wall body at the rock burst in-process, avoid supporting device unstable phenomenon to appear, effectively improve supporting device's practicality.

Further in order to solve the problems in the prior art: at the in-process of strutting, can realize through tie-beam 11 that the wall body around the rock burst is spacing, avoid the rock burst wall body problem of collapsing to appear, and the supporting device equipment is convenient, can realize on-the-spot quick installation, effectively reduces the construction degree of difficulty.

Further, the supporting component 14 includes a supporting plate 15, a connecting plate 16 and a joint plate 17, the inner wall of the inner supporting guard plate 5 contacts with the connecting plate 16, the supporting plate 15 is composed of three arc-shaped plate bodies, two adjacent arc-shaped plate bodies are mutually jointed and rotatably connected, the outer surface of each arc-shaped plate body is fixedly provided with the connecting plate 16, the bottom of the joint plate 17 is fixedly arranged on the upper end surface of the upper cross beam 2, the middle part of the joint plate 17 is rotatably connected with a threaded rod 20, a connecting block 21 is sleeved on the threaded rod 20, the top of the threaded rod 20 is rotatably connected with the inner wall of the supporting plate 15, two side ends of the connecting block 21 are rotatably connected with sleeve plates 22, a limiting plate 23 is movably sleeved with the inner part of the sleeve plates 22 through a first buffer spring 24, and the outer walls of two sides of the joint plate 17 are respectively connected with the supporting plate 15 through a second buffer spring 26.

Further, the vertical plate supporting device comprises a hollow anchor rod 27, a connecting sleeve 28, a stabilizing rod 29 and an inserting rod 33; the hollow anchor rod 27 penetrates and is inserted on the vertical plate 1, the outer end surface of the hollow anchor rod 27 is respectively connected with the connecting sleeve 28 and the stabilizer bar 29, the end part of the hollow anchor rod 27 is fixedly connected with the fixed shaft 39, the rear end of the fixed shaft 39 contacts the connecting sleeve 28, the stabilizer bar 29 is rotatably connected with the edge of the front end part of the connecting sleeve 28, the inner wall of the connecting sleeve 28 is provided with the groove 30, the inner part of the hollow anchor rod 27 penetrates and is inserted and connected with the inserting rod 33 in a sliding manner, the inserting rod 33 is fixedly connected with three limiting shafts 34, the surface of the hollow anchor rod 27 is provided with long holes 31 at intervals, the inner part of each long hole 31 is rotatably connected with the corresponding limiting rod 32, one end of each limiting rod 32 extends into the corresponding groove 30 and contacts the inner wall of the corresponding groove 30, the other end of each limiting rod 32 contacts with the corresponding limiting shaft 34, the stabilizer bars 29 are four, the cross sections of the four stabilizer bars 29 are arc-shaped structures, the four stabilizer bars 29 are mutually attached and form a circular ring-shaped structure, and the stabilizer bar 29 is rotatably connected with one end of the connecting rod 38, the other end of the connecting rod 38 penetrates through the long hole 31 and is rotatably connected with the surface of the movable sleeve 36, the end of the movable sleeve 36 penetrates through and is inserted into the insertion rod 33, the end of the insertion rod 33 is fixedly connected with a connecting shaft 35, the connecting shaft 35 is slidably connected with the inner part of the movable sleeve 36, and the movable sleeve 36 is fixedly connected with the connecting shaft 35 through a connecting spring 37.

Further, 1 bottom fixedly connected with bottom plate 6 of riser, bottom plate 6 are through the stiffener 7 and the 1 bottom fixed connection of riser that the slope distributes, and riser 1 passes through screw rod 8 and ground fixed mounting. The inserting rod 33 is used for being inserted into the hollow anchor rod 27, pushing the limiting rod 32 and releasing the limiting state between the hollow anchor rod 27 and the connecting sleeve 28.

Furthermore, the outer supporting and protecting plate 4 and the inner supporting and protecting plate 5 are both semi-circular ring structures, the circles of the outer supporting and protecting plate 4 and the inner supporting and protecting plate 5 are overlapped, and a gap is formed between the outer supporting and protecting plate 4 and the inner supporting and protecting plate 5.

Further, the supporting plate 15 is of a semicircular ring structure, the two sides of the bottom end of the supporting plate 15 are fixedly connected with the convex plates 18, the middle of each convex plate 18 is provided with an opening 19, one side of each convex plate 18 contacts with the corresponding inserting plate 12, the top end of each inserting plate 12 is provided with a bayonet 13, and the bayonet 13 is clamped with the inner portion of each opening 19 in an embedded mode.

Further, the attaching plate 17 is of a U-shaped structure, the bottom of the attaching plate 17 is fixedly connected with the upper cross beam 2 through a bolt, a socket 25 is formed in the top end of the limiting plate 23, and the top end of the limiting plate 23 is inserted into the two sides of the supporting plate 15 in an embedded mode.

Further, the bottom end of the inserting plate 12 contacts the lower cross beam 3, the distance between the inserting plate 12 and the fixing block 9 is smaller than the width of the connecting beam 11, notches 40 are formed in two ends of the connecting beam 11, and the dampers 10 on two sides of the fixing block 9 contact inner walls on two sides of the notches 40.

Further, a plurality of hollow anchor rods 27 are uniformly distributed on the surface of the vertical plate 1, and threads are formed on the surfaces of the hollow anchor rods 27, the connecting sleeve 28 and the stabilizer bar 29.

Further, the width of the supporting plate 15 is smaller than that of the outer supporting and protecting plate 4, the total thickness of the outer supporting and protecting plate 4, the inner supporting and protecting plate 5 and the gap between the two is equal to the thickness of the vertical plate 1, the widths of the outer supporting and protecting plate 4, the inner supporting and protecting plate 5, the upper cross beam 2, the lower cross beam 3 and the vertical plate 1 are the same, and the width of the supporting plate 15 is larger than that of the sleeve plate 22.

The construction method of the stable rock mass supporting device for rock burst prevention in tunnel excavation comprises the following steps:

1) installing a vertical plate 1, an outer supporting protection plate 4 and an inner supporting protection plate 5, firstly installing the vertical plate 1 on two sides of a position to be supported, and realizing the stable installation of the vertical plate 1 by rotating a screw 8 on a bottom plate 6;

2) installing a connecting beam 11, installing the connecting beam 11 between two supporting devices, enabling two ends of the connecting beam 11 to be embedded on the fixing block 9, inserting the connecting beam 11 into the fixing block 9 through notches 40 at two ends of the connecting beam 11, and enabling the end part of the connecting beam 11 to be in contact with the damper 10;

3) installing a plug board 12, inserting the plug pin 12 on the upper cross beam 2, and enabling the plug pin 12 to abut against the connecting beam 11, so that the limiting of the connecting beam 11 is realized, and the stability of the connecting beam 11 is ensured;

4) installing the supporting component 14, placing the supporting component 14 on the surface of the upper beam 2 as a whole, rotating the supporting plates 15 on both sides before installation to make the convex plate 18 attached to the surface of the upper beam 2, fixing the attaching plate 17 on the surface of the upper beam 2 by bolts, loosening the supporting plates 15 on both sides, pushing the supporting plates 15 to rotate to the original position by the second buffer spring 26 in a compressed state, in the process that the supporting plates 15 drive the convex plate 18 to move, moving the opening 19 in the middle of the supporting plates to the inside of the bayonet 13 at the top of the inserting plate 12 to further realize the limit of the inserting plate 12, preventing the inserting plate 12 from moving and loosening, rotating the threaded rod 20 again, driving the connecting block 21 to move upwards when the two ends of the threaded rod 20 rotate at the middle of the top of the supporting plates 15 and the bottom of the attaching plate 17, driving the sleeve plate 22 and the limiting plate 23 to rotate simultaneously, making the limiting plate 23 abut against both sides of the supporting plates 15, and when the sleeve plate 22 continues to rotate, the limiting plate 23 moves in the sleeve plate 22, the first buffer spring 24 in the sleeve plate is compressed, and the supporting plate 15 drives the connecting plate 16 to contact the inner supporting guard plate 15 when rotating, so that the inner supporting guard plate 15 is supported;

5) installing the hollow anchor rod 27, making it pass through the vertical plate 1 and be connected to the soil by screw thread by rotating the hollow anchor rod 27, when rotating the hollow anchor rod 27, the limiting rod 32 is located in the groove 30, making the hollow anchor rod 27 can drive the connecting sleeve 28 and the stabilizing rod 29 to rotate simultaneously, after the operation is completed, pushing the inserting rod 33, making the inserting rod 33 drive the connecting shaft 35 to move in the movable sleeve 36, after the connecting spring 37 is compressed, pushing the movable sleeve 36 to move, and pushing the connecting rod 38 to rotate, making the stabilizing rod 29 expand to the periphery, when the inserting rod 33 moves, driving the limiting shaft 34 to move simultaneously, after the stabilizing rod 39 expands, the inserting rod 33 drives the limiting shaft 34 to contact with the limiting rod 32, continuing to move the inserting rod 33 to make it push the limiting rod 32 to rotate around the middle part, making the limiting rod 32 rotate out from the groove 30, and separate from the connecting sleeve 28, when pushing the inserting rod 33 again, because the limiting rod 32 separates from the groove 30, when the hollow anchor rod 27 is rotated again, the hollow anchor rod 27 does not drive the connecting sleeve 28 and the stabilizer bar 29 to continue rotating, but drives the fixed shaft 39 to continue rotating and go deep forward, so that the fixed shaft 39 pushes the connecting sleeve 28 to move, and the connecting sleeve 28 drives the unfolded stabilizer bar 29 to continue to go deep into the soil, thereby achieving the effect of stable connection.

The working principle of the invention is as follows: the hollow anchor rod 27 penetrates through the vertical plate 1 and is inserted into the wall soil to achieve stable installation of the vertical plate 1, stability of a supporting part of the supporting device is guaranteed, notches 40 are formed in two ends of the connecting beam 11 to enable the connecting beam to be embedded into the fixing block 9 and to contact with the dampers 10 on two sides of the fixing block 9, when the supporting device is installed on two sides of a rock burst position, wall vibration generated during rock burst can limit the two supporting devices through the connecting beam 11, and meanwhile, an energy absorption effect is achieved.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4 and 6 to 7, the outer support guard plate 4 is attached to the top of the wall, when vibration occurs, a certain interval is formed between the inner support guard plate 5 and the outer support guard plate 4, and the shock absorption function can be achieved, when the inner support guard plate 5 vibrates, the vibration can be transmitted to the supporting plate 15 through the connecting plate 16, at the moment, the first buffer spring 24 inside the sleeve plate 22 and the second buffer spring 26 between the supporting plate 15 and the attachment plate 17 achieve the buffering function, the vibration transmission can be effectively slowed down, and the problem of wall collapse is avoided.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4 and 8 to 11, the hollow anchor rod 27 can rotate synchronously with the connecting sleeve 28 and the stabilizer 29 and extend into the soil of the wall, and the stabilizer 29 is separated by the movement of the inserting rod 33 and is inserted into the wall around the hollow anchor rod 27 in sequence, so as to ensure the connection stability.

Referring to fig. 2 and 8 to 11, during the process that the hollow anchor 27 goes deep into the wall, the limiting rod 32 is located inside the groove 30, the hollow anchor 27 can drive the stabilizing rod 29 and the connecting sleeve 28 to rotate synchronously, the inserting rod 33 is pushed to drive the limiting shaft 34 to move, the limiting shaft 34 pushes the limiting rod 32 to rotate into the long hole 31 and separate from the groove 30, when the inserting rod 33 is pushed continuously, the inserting rod 33 drives the connecting shaft 35 to move, the movable sleeve 36 is pushed to move simultaneously during the compression of the connecting spring 37, when the movable sleeve 36 drives the connecting rod 38 to rotate, the connecting rod 38 pushes the stabilizing rod 29 to unfold, so that the stabilizing rod 29 is embedded around the wall, and when the hollow anchor 27 is rotated again, the limiting function is not provided between the hollow anchor 27 and the connecting sleeve 28, so that the connecting sleeves 28 and 29 are not driven to rotate when the hollow anchor 27 rotates, the hollow anchor rod 27 continues to rotate to enable the fixing shaft 39 to abut against the connecting sleeve 28, when the connecting sleeve 28 pushes the stabilizer bar 29 to move, the stabilizer bar 29 continues to extend into the soil because the stabilizer bar 29 is embedded into the soil around at the moment, so that the hollow anchor rod 27 is inserted in a diffusion mode, and the connection stability is further improved.

Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the connection beam 11 is used for connecting two supporting devices to play a limiting role, the connection beam 11 is embedded into the gap 40 through the fixing block 9, and the connection beam 11 is limited through the sleeve plate 22, so that the connection block 21 can be quickly connected, and the buffer function between the supporting devices is effectively improved through the dampers 10 on two sides of the fixing block 9.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the outer supporting and protecting plate 4 and the inner supporting and protecting plate 5 are used for supporting the top of the wall, and the outer supporting and protecting plate 4 and the inner supporting and protecting plate 5 have certain elastic deformation and have the functions of shock absorption and energy absorption in the vibration process.

Referring to fig. 1 to 2 and fig. 4 and 6, after the connection beam 11 is installed, the insertion plate 12 is inserted into the connection beam 11 for limiting, and after the support assembly 14 is installed, the opening 19 in the middle of the convex plate 18 is inserted into the bayonet 13 for further limiting of the insertion plate 12, so that the connection stability is ensured, and meanwhile, the installation is convenient.

Referring to fig. 1 to 2 and 6, the attachment plate 17 is used for mounting the support plate 15, and the first buffer spring 24 inside the sleeve plate 22 pushes the limit plate 23 to abut against two sides of the support plate 15, so as to support the support plate 15 and have a buffer function.

The technical scheme of this application, the explosion-proof rock mass stable form supporting device that uses of whole tunnel excavation adopts the support protection of supporting device to the rock burst wall body around taking place, carry out the support of wall body through two supporting device, supporting device connects fixedly through tie-beam 11 simultaneously, can avoid the not hard up problem of supporting device to appear in the wall body vibrations process, improve supporting device's stability, when supporting device installs, can stabilize the installation through a plurality of cavity stock 27, cavity stock 27 can realize the diffusion and insert inside the back of rock mass and extend to soil around inside simultaneously, realize the stable installation of riser 1, guarantee the stability of the explosion-proof in-process supporting device of rock.

Have the energy-absorbing effect simultaneously, installation through inner support backplate 5 and outer support backplate 4 can have certain buffer function, the supporting plate supports through connecting plate 16, play the energy-absorbing function through buffer spring simultaneously, can effectively alleviate the problem that vibrations appear in the rock burst in-process wall body, avoid the wall body problem of collapsing to appear, effectively improve the security performance, and supporting device simple to operate, can realize riser 1 and the installation back of a backplate, realize supporting component 14's quick installation, effectively reduce the construction degree of difficulty.

The foregoing is merely exemplary of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, which may be modified or varied by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.