阅读说明：本技术 铣削加工方法、系统及计算机可读存储介质 (Milling method, system and computer readable storage medium ) 是由 符式金 屈猛 吴玲 于 2021-09-02 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种铣削加工方法、系统和计算机可存储介质,铣削加工方法包括以下步骤：控制刀具按预定速度旋转；控制刀具自待加工件的一侧进入并运动至预设位置,预设位置为刀具完全覆盖待加工件,且刀具的外圆周面上的每一个点均与待加工件间隔设置的位置；控制刀具上升完成退刀。该铣削加工方法通过控制刀具在预设位置上升完成退刀,代替了现有技术中刀具完全横向扫过待加工件从面外退刀的现有技术,既降低了刀具崩刀的风险,又避免了待加工件表面纹路的产生,减小了加工面的粗糙度,并且通过减小出刀走刀行程,从而减少加工耗时,提升了加工效率,而且提高了刀具对主轴拉刀力、跳动和丝杠振幅的适应性。(The invention provides a milling method, a system and a computer-storable medium, wherein the milling method comprises the following steps: controlling the cutter to rotate at a preset speed; controlling a cutter to enter from one side of a workpiece to be machined and move to a preset position, wherein the preset position is a position where the cutter completely covers the workpiece to be machined and each point on the outer circumferential surface of the cutter is arranged at an interval with the workpiece to be machined; controlling the cutter to ascend to finish the cutter withdrawal. According to the milling method, the cutter is controlled to ascend at the preset position to finish cutter withdrawal, the prior art that the cutter completely transversely sweeps the workpiece to be machined to withdraw the cutter from the outside of the surface in the prior art is replaced, the risk of cutter breakage is reduced, the surface lines of the workpiece to be machined are prevented from being generated, the roughness of a machined surface is reduced, and the cutter feeding stroke is reduced, so that the machining time is reduced, the machining efficiency is improved, and the adaptability of the cutter to the main shaft broach force, the jumping and the lead screw amplitude is improved.)

1. A milling method, characterized by comprising the steps of:

controlling the cutter to rotate at a preset speed;

controlling the cutter to enter from one side of a workpiece to be machined and move to a preset position, wherein the preset position is a position where the cutter completely covers the workpiece to be machined, and each point on the outer circumferential surface of the cutter is arranged at an interval with the workpiece to be machined;

and controlling the cutter to ascend to finish cutter withdrawal.

2. The milling method according to claim 1, characterized in that the controlling of the tool into and from the side of the piece to be machined to a preset position comprises the steps of:

obtaining the size of each direction of a workpiece to be processed, and obtaining the maximum size value of each direction from the size;

and acquiring the preset position according to the maximum size of the workpiece to be machined.

3. The milling method according to claim 2, characterized in that the step of acquiring the preset position according to the maximum size of the workpiece to be machined comprises:

acquiring a line segment on the workpiece to be processed according to the direction of acquiring the maximum size value;

acquiring the midpoint of the line segment;

the preset position is the position where the center point of the cutter moves to the position right above the midpoint.

4. The milling process of claim 2 wherein the dimension of the tool in either direction is greater than the maximum dimension value of the part to be machined.

5. The milling process according to claim 2, characterized in that the tool comprises a basic body and a cutting edge, one end of the basic body being connected to a drive for rotating the basic body, the end of the basic body remote from the drive being provided with the cutting edge, the cutting edge being arranged at a distance from the workpiece to be machined when the tool is moved to the predetermined position.

6. The milling process of claim 5 wherein the substrate is a cylindrical substrate, the cutting edges are circumferentially spaced around the outer circumferential surface of the substrate, and the diameter of the inner circumferential surface around which the plurality of cutting edges are formed is greater than the maximum dimension of the workpiece.

7. The milling method according to claim 1, characterized in that the step of controlling the tool to ascend to complete tool retracting is specifically:

and controlling the cutter to vertically ascend to finish cutter withdrawal.

8. A milling system, characterized in that the milling system comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, which computer program, when executed by the processor, carries out the steps of the milling method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. The milling system of claim 8, further comprising:

the image recognition module is used for recognizing an image of a workpiece to be processed and acquiring the maximum size value of each direction in the image;

the driving module comprises an X-axis driving piece, a Y-axis driving piece and a Z-axis driving piece, the driving module is used for driving the cutter to move to a preset position, and the Z-axis driving piece is further used for controlling the cutter to vertically ascend and finish cutter retracting after the cutter moves to the preset position for preset time.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that a computer program is stored thereon, which computer program, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the milling machining method according to one of claims 1 to 7.

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the field of workpiece processing, and in particular, to a milling method, a milling system, and a computer-readable storage medium.

Background

In the manufacturing process of the engine cylinder body, the convex table surface of the cylinder body needs to be milled, namely, the convex table surface is milled by using a milling cutter, and the profile degree and the roughness of the convex table surface are ensured, so that the quality of the engine is ensured. The mounting surface of the engine oil pressure switch is a convex table surface which needs to be sealed, and the sealing area is required to have no obvious processing lines. In order to ensure that the convex table surface has no machining lines such as obvious tool connecting marks, an out-of-plane tool retracting machining method is adopted at home and abroad at present, namely, the milling cutter retracts after completely passing through the convex table surface. However, when the boss surface is machined, the cutter is subjected to sudden load in the process of moving out of the boss surface, so that the machining lines of the boss surface are obvious, and the sealing effect of the boss surface is influenced. The processing method has the following defects that:

1) when the cutter leaves the lug boss surface, the cutter is subjected to variable load, so that the cutter vibrates, and the cutter breakage risk is aggravated.

2) When the cutter processes the lug boss surface, the workpiece retracts and deforms; after the cutter mills, the workpiece rebounds gradually, and the problem that the rear side edge of the cutter scratches and scratches a machined surface to generate cross grains (namely, fish scale grains) exists.

3) The device is sensitive to the broach force and the runout of a main shaft of the device and the vibration of a lead screw, the broach force of the main shaft is small, the runout of the main shaft is large, and when the vibration of the lead screw is large, the crossed grains are more obvious.

4) The problem that a single piece needs long time for machining exists in the cutter moving-out boss surface retracting method.

5) The processing lines of the boss surface are obvious, the roughness is poor, the sealing effect is influenced, and the sealing structure becomes a difficult problem in the industry.

In view of the above, there is a need for a new milling method, system and computer readable storage medium to solve or at least alleviate the above technical drawbacks.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to provide a milling method, a milling system and a computer readable storage medium, and aims to solve the technical problems that in the prior art, a boss processing method is easy to generate lines and break a cutter.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a milling method, including:

controlling the cutter to rotate at a preset speed;

controlling the cutter to enter from one side of a workpiece to be machined and move to a preset position, wherein the preset position is a position where the cutter completely covers the workpiece to be machined, and each point on the outer circumferential surface of the cutter is arranged at an interval with the workpiece to be machined;

and controlling the cutter to ascend to finish cutter withdrawal.

Optionally, the controlling the tool to enter from one side of the workpiece to be machined and move to a preset position includes the following steps:

obtaining the size of each direction of a workpiece to be processed, and obtaining the maximum size value of each direction from the size;

and acquiring the preset position according to the maximum size of the workpiece to be machined.

Optionally, the step of obtaining the preset position according to the maximum size of the workpiece to be processed includes:

acquiring a line segment on the workpiece to be processed according to the direction of acquiring the maximum size value;

acquiring the midpoint of the line segment;

the preset position is the position where the center point of the cutter moves to the position right above the midpoint.

Optionally, the dimension of the tool in any direction is larger than the maximum dimension value of the workpiece to be machined.

Optionally, the tool includes a base and a cutting edge, one end of the base is connected to a driving member so that the base rotates, the cutting edge is disposed at an end of the base away from the driving member, and when the tool moves to the preset position, the cutting edge is spaced from the workpiece to be machined.

Optionally, the base body is a cylindrical base body, the cutting edges are distributed on the outer circumferential surface of the base body at intervals in a ring shape, and the diameter of an inner circumferential surface formed by surrounding of a plurality of cutting edges is larger than the maximum size value of the workpiece to be machined.

Optionally, the step of controlling the cutter to ascend to complete cutter retracting specifically includes:

and controlling the cutter to vertically ascend to finish cutter withdrawal.

To achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a milling system including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the computer program, when executed by the processor, implements the steps of the milling method according to any one of the above.

Optionally, the milling system further comprises:

the image recognition module is used for recognizing an image of a workpiece to be processed and acquiring the maximum size value of each direction in the image;

the driving module comprises an X-axis driving piece, a Y-axis driving piece and a Z-axis driving piece, the driving module is used for driving the cutter to move to a preset position, and the Z-axis driving piece is further used for controlling the cutter to vertically ascend and finish cutter retracting after the cutter moves to the preset position for preset time.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, realizes the steps of the milling method according to any one of the above.

In the above technical scheme of the present invention, the milling method comprises the following steps: controlling the cutter to rotate at a preset speed; controlling a cutter to enter from one side of a workpiece to be machined and move to a preset position, wherein the preset position is a position where the cutter completely covers the workpiece to be machined and each point on the outer circumferential surface of the cutter is arranged at an interval with the workpiece to be machined; controlling the cutter to ascend to finish the cutter withdrawal. The tool retracting device completes tool retracting by controlling the tool to ascend at the preset position, replaces the prior art that the tool completely transversely sweeps the workpiece to be machined to retract from the outside of the surface in the prior art, reduces the risk of tool collapsing, avoids the generation of surface grains of the workpiece to be machined, reduces the roughness of a machined surface, reduces the machining time consumption by reducing the tool-out feeding stroke, improves the machining efficiency, and improves the adaptability of the tool to the tool-pulling force, the jumping and the lead screw amplitude of a main shaft. The invention is particularly suitable for processing the lug boss.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a milling method according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a milling method according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the position changes of the tool and the workpiece to be machined in the milling method according to the embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 4 is another schematic diagram of the position change of the tool and the workpiece to be machined in the milling method according to the embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a solid end mill according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The reference numbers illustrate:

1. a workpiece to be processed; 2. a cutter; 21. a substrate; 22. a blade; 3. a solid end mill; 31. cutting edges; 32. a knife body.

The implementation, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that all the directional indicators (such as the upper and lower … …) in the embodiment of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement, etc. of the components in a specific posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.

In addition, the descriptions related to "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are only for descriptive purposes and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature.

Moreover, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other, but it is necessary to be able to be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, the combination of the technical solutions should be considered to be absent, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1, according to a first embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a milling machining method including:

s100, controlling the cutter 2 to rotate at a preset speed;

according to the machining requirement, the cutter 2 is controlled to rotate around the central axis of the cutter at a preset speed to provide cutting force, and as can be understood by a person skilled in the art, the faster the rotating speed is, the faster the milling linear speed is;

s200, controlling the cutter 2 to enter from one side of the workpiece 1 to be machined and move to a preset position, wherein the preset position is a position where the cutter 2 completely covers the workpiece 1 to be machined and each point on the outer circumferential surface of the cutter 2 is arranged at an interval with the workpiece 1 to be machined;

controlling the cutter 2 to enter from one side of the workpiece 1 to be machined and start machining the workpiece 1 to be machined, and when the cutter 2 completely covers the workpiece 1 to be machined, machining the workpiece 1 to be machined is finished, wherein the fact that each point on the outer circumferential surface of the cutter 2 is spaced from the workpiece 1 to be machined means that the cutting edge 22 of the cutter 2 is not in contact with the workpiece 1 to be machined;

s300, controlling the cutter 2 to ascend to finish cutter withdrawal;

the cutter 2 is controlled to ascend, and the cutter retreats from the surface, so that the cutter edge 22 is prevented from contacting with the workpiece 1 to be processed again in the cutter retreating process. Such a design has at least the following benefits: firstly, the cutter 2 has no machining cutter-out condition, and the cutter-out variable load of the cutter 2 can be eliminated, so that the risk of cutter breakage of the cutter 2 is reduced; secondly, the cutter 2 has no cutter discharging process, and the condition of cutter discharging variable load does not exist, so that the adaptability of the cutter 2 to the cutter pulling force, the jumping and the screw amplitude of the main shaft can be improved; thirdly, the cutter 2 moves back on the surface, and the edge of the rear side of the cutter 2 is not contacted with the workpiece 1 to be processed (such as a convex table surface), so that the problem of cross grains generated when the workpiece is scraped and rubbed on the processing surface can be avoided, the smoothness of the processing surface can be improved, the roughness is reduced, and the sealing effect is improved; the cutting feed stroke is reduced, so that the time consumption of processing is reduced.

In the above embodiment, through controlling cutter 2 to rise at preset position and accomplish the tool retracting, replaced among the prior art that cutter 2 transversely swept completely waits that machined part 1 withdraws from the face, both reduced cutter 2 and collapsed the risk of sword, avoided the production of waiting 1 surface lines of machined part again, the roughness of machined surface has been reduced, and through reducing out the sword feed stroke, thereby it is consuming time to reduce processing, machining efficiency has been promoted, and cutter 2 has been improved to the adaptability of main shaft broach power, beat and lead screw amplitude. This embodiment is particularly suitable for machining bosses.

Referring to fig. 2, according to the second embodiment of the present invention, controlling the tool 2 to enter and move to a preset position from one side of the member to be machined 1 includes the steps of:

s201, obtaining the size of each direction of the workpiece 1 to be processed, and obtaining the maximum size value of each direction from the size;

s202, acquiring a preset position according to the maximum size of the workpiece 1 to be processed.

In the actual machining process, the workpiece 1 (boss) to be machined may be regular in shape or irregular in shape. When the boss is in a regular shape, the maximum size value can be directly obtained according to the length of the diagonal line of the boss, for example, the maximum size value can be obtained according to the diameter of a circle, and the maximum size value can be obtained according to the length of the diagonal line of a square or a rectangle. However, when the shape of the boss is irregular, in order to ensure that the cutter 2 can completely cover the boss, it is only required to ensure that the size of the cutter 2 is larger than the maximum size value of the boss in each direction, and the maximum size value can be selected from the size values of the boss in each direction.

In an embodiment, the step of acquiring the preset position according to the maximum size of the piece 1 to be processed comprises:

acquiring a line segment on the workpiece 1 to be processed according to the direction of acquiring the maximum size value;

acquiring the midpoint of the line segment;

the preset position is the position where the center point of the tool 2 moves to the position right above the midpoint.

Because the body of the tool 2 is generally regular, when the center point of the tool 2 moves to a position right above the midpoint, as long as one end of the line segment is within the coverage of the tool 2, the other end of the line segment can be ensured to be within the coverage of the tool 2.

In one embodiment, the dimension of the tool 2 in either direction is greater than the maximum dimension of the piece 1 to be machined. In order to ensure that the tool 2 can completely cover the workpiece 1 at any time during the rotation process after reaching the preset position, the minimum size of the tool 2 is set to be larger than the maximum size of the workpiece 1. This ensures that there is no machining of the boss at the preset position (the tool retracting position).

Further, the tool 2 comprises a base body 21 and a cutting edge 22, one end of the base body 21 is connected with the driving part to rotate the base body 21, one end of the base body 21 far away from the driving part is provided with the cutting edge 22, and when the tool 2 moves to the preset position, the cutting edge 22 is arranged at a distance from the workpiece 1 to be machined. In practice, the processing of the boss is performed by the blade 22, and a mounting groove may be provided in the base body 21, and the blade 22 may be mounted in the mounting groove. In the predetermined position, the boss has been machined, and the cutting edge 22 is disposed around the boss and not in contact with the boss. Of course, the tool 2 is not limited to the face mill or the above-described form, but may also be a solid end mill 3. Referring to fig. 5, the solid end mill 3 includes a cutter body 32 and an edge 31 formed at one end of the cutter body 32, the edge 31 is used for milling, the edge 31 is circumferentially distributed around the cutter body 32, and the height of the edge 31 is higher than that of other positions of the cutter body 32, so as to facilitate cutting.

Further, the base body 21 is a cylindrical base body 21, the cutting edges 22 are distributed on the outer circumferential surface of the base body 21 in an annular interval mode, and the diameter of an inner circumferential surface formed by surrounding the plurality of cutting edges 22 is larger than the maximum size value of the workpiece 1 to be machined. The design is that when in the preset position, any cutting edge 22 is positioned at the outer periphery of the boss and is not in contact with the boss, so that the cutter is convenient to withdraw.

Further, the step of controlling the cutter 2 to ascend to complete the cutter retracting specifically comprises:

and controlling the cutter 2 to vertically ascend to finish cutter withdrawal.

In order to ensure that the partial cutting edges 22 are not contacted with the boss to generate lines or break due to the inclination of the cutter 2 in the cutter withdrawing process, the cutter 2 is arranged to vertically ascend, so that the synchronization of all the cutting edges 22 can be ensured, and the partial cutting edges 22 are not contacted with the boss due to the inclination of the cutter 1.

Specifically, referring to fig. 3 and fig. 4, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the position changes of the tool 2 and the workpiece 1 to be machined in the milling method according to the embodiment of the invention, and shows a side view; fig. 4 is another schematic diagram of the position change of the tool 2 and the workpiece 1 to be machined in the milling method according to the embodiment of the invention, which shows a top view. Referring to the position a in fig. 3 and the position a1 in fig. 4, initially, the tool 2 enters from one side of the workpiece 1 to be machined to start milling the workpiece 1, the tool 2 moves to the right during the milling process to a preset position, which refers to the position B in fig. 3 and the position B1 in fig. 4, when the tool 2 completely covers the workpiece 1, and the cutting edge 22 disposed on the base 21 of the tool 2 is also disposed along the outer circumference of the workpiece 1 and is not in contact with the workpiece 1. It should be noted that, in order to ensure that the tool 2 can completely cover the workpiece 1 to be processed, the dimension of the tool 2 is larger than the maximum dimension of the workpiece 1 to be processed. Referring to the position C in fig. 3 and the position C1 in fig. 4, after the tool 2 moves to the preset position, the tool 2 is directly controlled to ascend to complete the tool retracting process, so as to avoid various defects caused by tool retracting from the surface of the workpiece 1 to be machined. Of course, it can be set here that when the tool 1 moves to the preset position, the tool 1 is controlled to stop moving for the preset time and then the tool 1 is controlled to ascend, so as to ensure that the tool 1 has finished processing the workpiece to be processed. Specifically, the equipment load monitoring can be used to judge whether the cutting edge 22 is milling or not, and the equipment load can be used to monitor the stress magnitude of the machining process to judge whether machining is performed or not. For example, when the tool 2 starts to machine the workpiece 1, if the monitored values on the cutting edge 22 are all smaller than the preset values, it is determined that the cutting edge 22 is not milling, and it is determined that the tool 2 has reached the preset position.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a milling system, which includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the computer program, when executed by the processor, implements the steps of the milling method described above. The system also comprises a communication module which can be connected with external communication equipment through a network. The communication module can receive a request sent by an external communication device, and can also send the request, the instruction and the information to the external communication device, and the external communication device can be other inspection systems, servers and the like.

And a memory operable to store the software program and various data. The memory may mainly include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area may store an operating system, an application program required by at least one function (e.g., calculating whether a separation distance between the initial coordinates and the calibration coordinates is greater than a preset static distance), and the like; the storage data area may include a database, and the storage data area may store data or information created according to use of the system, or the like. Further, the memory may include high speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, flash memory device, or other volatile solid state storage device.

The processor is a control center of the milling system, is connected with each part of the whole milling system by various interfaces and circuits, and executes various functions and processing data of the milling system by operating or executing software programs and/or modules stored in the memory and calling data stored in the memory, thereby carrying out the overall monitoring of the milling system. A processor may include one or more processing units; alternatively, the processor may integrate an application processor, which primarily handles operating systems, user interfaces, applications, etc., and a modem processor, which primarily handles wireless communications. It will be appreciated that the modem processor described above may not be integrated into the processor.

Optionally, the milling system further comprises:

the image recognition module is used for recognizing the image of the workpiece to be processed and acquiring the maximum size value of each direction in the image;

the image recognition module can be used for scanning the outer contour of the workpiece to be processed, acquiring an outer contour image and then acquiring a maximum size value according to the outer contour image. Of course, the maximum dimension value may also be obtained by taking a photograph and obtaining the outer contour of the workpiece to be machined according to the photograph.

The driving module comprises an X-axis driving piece, a Y-axis driving piece and a Z-axis driving piece, the driving module is used for driving the cutter to move to a preset position, and the Z-axis driving piece is also used for controlling the cutter to vertically ascend and finish cutter withdrawal after the cutter moves to the preset position for preset time. The driving member may be a driving motor or a linear motion module for controlling the motion of the tool.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the milling processing method according to any one of the above. The computer-readable storage medium may be a Memory in the milling system, and may also be at least one of a ROM (Read-Only Memory)/RAM (Random Access Memory), a magnetic disk, and an optical disk, and includes several instructions for enabling a terminal device (which may be a television, an automobile, a mobile phone, a computer, a server, a terminal, or a network device) having a processor to execute the method according to the embodiments of the present invention.

Although the embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, it should be understood that the above embodiment is illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and that those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications and substitutions to the above embodiment within the scope of the present invention, and that these changes, modifications and substitutions should be covered by the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

In the present invention, the terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth" and "fifth" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, and those skilled in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention according to specific situations.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.