阅读说明：本技术 一种硬脆材料的多能场协同加工装置和方法 (Multi-energy-field cooperative processing device and method for hard and brittle materials ) 是由 赵重阳 王振洲 王晓博 梁晨雨 韩基山 赵波 于 2021-10-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种硬脆材料的多能场协同加工装置和方法,多能场协同加工装置包含刀柄、拉钉、无线电能传输盘、推力轴承、激光夹持件、匀场激光发射器、微型电机和输出齿轮。本发明将激光加工装置和超声加工装置复合在一起,利用匀场激光对加工表面进行加热和预处理,降低硬脆材料的硬度,改善材料的切削加工性。然后对要加工的表面进行超声辅助铣削,提高加工的效率,降低已加工表面的应力集中,提高已加工的表面质量,降低刀具的磨损。激光能场和超声能场复合辅助加工,解决了硬度高、脆性大等硬脆材料加工效率低,表面质量差的难题。(The invention discloses a multi-energy field cooperative processing device and method for hard and brittle materials. The invention combines the laser processing device and the ultrasonic processing device together, utilizes the shimming laser to heat and pretreat the processing surface, reduces the hardness of the hard and brittle material and improves the cutting processability of the material. And then, the surface to be processed is subjected to ultrasonic auxiliary milling, so that the processing efficiency is improved, the stress concentration of the processed surface is reduced, the quality of the processed surface is improved, and the abrasion of a cutter is reduced. The laser energy field and the ultrasonic energy field are compounded for auxiliary processing, and the problems of low processing efficiency and poor surface quality of hard and brittle materials with high hardness, large brittleness and the like are solved.)

1. A multi-energy-field cooperative processing device for hard and brittle materials is characterized by comprising a tool shank, a rivet, a wireless power transmission disc, a thrust bearing, a laser clamping piece, a shimming laser transmitter, a micro motor and an output gear;

the tool holder comprises a shell, a flange plate, a piezoelectric transducer, a stud and an amplitude transformer;

the piezoelectric transducer comprises a pretightening bolt, an upper beam body, a piezoelectric ceramic module and a lower beam body;

the upper beam body and the lower beam body are regular prisms or cylinders with the same cross section shape and are vertically arranged, wherein a first threaded blind hole matched with the pre-tightening bolt is formed in the center of the upper end face of the lower beam body, and a second threaded blind hole matched with the stud is formed in the center of the lower end face; the center of the upper end surface of the upper beam body is provided with a through hole matched with the pre-tightening bolt;

the piezoelectric ceramic module comprises 2M single-partition piezoelectric ceramic pieces and 2M electrode pieces, wherein M is a natural number more than or equal to 1; the single-partition piezoelectric ceramic plate is in a regular polygon or circle shape, the center of the single-partition piezoelectric ceramic plate is provided with a through hole for a pre-tightening bolt to pass through, and the single-partition piezoelectric ceramic plate is polarized along the thickness direction; the shape of the electrode plate is the same as that of the single-partition piezoelectric ceramic plate; the 2M electrode plates and the 2M single-partition piezoelectric ceramic plates are sequentially and alternately laminated, so that the 2M electrode plates and the 2M single-partition piezoelectric ceramic plates are coaxial, and the electrode plates are separated between the adjacent single-partition piezoelectric ceramic plates; the polarization directions of the adjacent single-partition piezoelectric ceramic pieces are opposite;

the stud of the pre-tightening bolt sequentially penetrates through the through hole of the upper beam body, the through holes in the centers of the 2M single-partition piezoelectric ceramic plates and the 2M electrode plates in the piezoelectric ceramic module and then is in threaded connection with the first threaded blind hole of the lower beam body, so that the 2M single-partition piezoelectric ceramic plates and the 2M electrode plates are tightly pressed;

the amplitude transformer is vertically arranged and comprises a connecting part and a gradual change part, wherein the connecting part is a regular prism or a cylinder with the same shape as the cross section of the lower beam body, and the center of the upper end surface of the connecting part is provided with a third threaded blind hole matched with the stud bolt; the gradual change part is an axisymmetric cylinder, the cross section of the gradual change part is gradually reduced from top to bottom, the upper end surface of the gradual change part is the same as the lower end surface of the connecting part in shape and is correspondingly and fixedly connected with the lower end surface of the connecting part, and the lower end surface of the gradual change part is provided with a mounting hole for mounting a cutter;

one end of the stud is connected with the lower end face of the lower beam body through a second threaded blind hole, and the other end of the stud is connected with the upper end face of the amplitude transformer connecting part through a third threaded blind hole, so that the amplitude transformer and the piezoelectric transducer are coaxially and fixedly connected;

the shell comprises a fixing part and a bearing part, wherein the fixing part is an axisymmetric cylinder, and the bearing part is a hollow cylinder with two closed ends; the fixed part and the bearing part are both vertically arranged, the upper end surface of the bearing part is coaxially and fixedly connected with the lower end surface of the fixed part, and the center of the lower end surface of the bearing part is provided with a through hole matched with the connecting part of the amplitude transformer; the piezoelectric transducer is arranged in the bearing part, and the connecting part of the amplitude transformer is fixedly connected with the through hole on the lower end face of the bearing part through the flange plate, so that the gradient part of the amplitude transformer extends out of the bearing part and is coaxial with the bearing part;

the upper end face of the shell fixing part is coaxially and fixedly connected with a machine tool main shaft through the blind rivet;

the wireless power transmission disc is sleeved outside the shell, wherein an upper disc of the wireless power transmission disc is fixed with the outside and is used for accessing external high-frequency current; the lower disc of the wireless power transmission disc is coaxially and fixedly connected with the bearing part of the shell, penetrates into the bearing part through a lead and is electrically connected with the piezoelectric ceramic module, and the wireless power transmission disc is used for supplying power to the piezoelectric ceramic module;

the thrust bearing is sleeved outside the upper disc of the wireless power transmission disc and is coaxial with the wireless power transmission disc, wherein the lower piece of the thrust bearing is coaxially and fixedly connected with the outer wall of the upper disc of the wireless power transmission disc, and an involute gear is circumferentially arranged on the outer wall of the upper piece of the thrust bearing;

the micro motor is fixed on the upper disc of the wireless power transmission disc, and an output shaft of the micro motor is coaxially and fixedly connected with the output gear; the output gear is meshed with an involute gear on the outer wall of the upper plate of the thrust bearing;

the shimming laser transmitter is fixedly connected with the upper piece of the thrust bearing through the laser clamping piece and is used for emitting shimming laser towards the processing direction of the cutter at the lower end of the gradual change part to preheat the surface to be processed;

the micro motor is used for driving the upper piece of the thrust bearing to rotate so as to adjust the irradiation direction of the shimming laser transmitter.

2. The multi-energy-field cooperative processing device for the hard and brittle materials as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the tooth number Z of the involute gear on the outer wall of the upper plate of the thrust bearing₁=(D₁+10)/m, wherein D₁The outer diameter of the upper disc of the wireless transmission disc is shown, and m is the modulus of an involute gear on the outer wall of the upper disc of the thrust bearing;

number of teeth Z of the output gear₂ =（2a-D₁10)/m, wherein a is the distance between the axis of the output shaft of the micro motor and the axis of the wireless transmission disc.

3. The multi-energy-field co-processing device for hard and brittle materials as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that m is 1.

4. The multi-energy-field cooperative processing device for the hard and brittle materials as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thrust bearing and the laser clamping piece are made of aluminum alloy so as to reduce the load of a disc on the wireless power transmission disc.

5. The multi-energy-field coordinated processing method of the hard and brittle material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

step 1), controlling a micro motor to work, driving an upper piece of a thrust bearing to rotate, and further adjusting the irradiation direction of a shimming laser transmitter to enable the shimming laser transmitter to face the processing direction of a cutter at the lower end of a gradual change part;

step 2), controlling the shimming laser transmitter to work, and emitting shimming laser to preheat the surface to be processed;

step 3), controlling an upper disc of the wireless electric energy transmission disc to access external high-frequency current, and driving a piezoelectric transducer to work to enable the cutter to be in a resonant state of vertical vibration;

and 4), driving the main shaft of the machine tool to process.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of laser-assisted machining and ultrasonic-assisted machining, in particular to a multi-energy-field cooperative machining device and method for a hard and brittle material.

Background

With the rapid development of the industries such as aerospace, space technology, precision manufacturing and the like, advanced engineering materials such as high-temperature alloys, titanium alloys, composite materials, engineering ceramics and the like appear. Although these materials have many excellent properties, their machinability is low, resulting in high processing costs, poor surface quality after processing, and low production efficiency. The heat assisted cutting technology appeared in recent years is an effective method for solving the problem of hard and brittle materials, and the properties of the removed materials are changed by increasing local temperature, so that the hardness and the strength of the materials are reduced, and the processability of the materials is improved. The shimming laser is used for preheating the surface to be processed of the workpiece, so that the material in a processing area is softened, and the cutting processing performance of the material is improved. However, the conventional mechanical processing of the softened surface is liable to cause large deformation of the processed surface, so that the cooled surface generates internal stress, which affects the surface quality of the workpiece.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a multi-energy-field cooperative processing device and method for a hard and brittle material aiming at the defects involved in the background technology.

The invention adopts the following technical scheme for solving the technical problems:

a multi-energy-field cooperative processing device for hard and brittle materials comprises a tool shank, a rivet, a wireless power transmission disc, a thrust bearing, a laser clamping piece, a shimming laser transmitter, a micro motor and an output gear;

the tool holder comprises a shell, a flange plate, a piezoelectric transducer, a stud and an amplitude transformer;

the piezoelectric transducer comprises a pretightening bolt, an upper beam body, a piezoelectric ceramic module and a lower beam body;

the upper beam body and the lower beam body are regular prisms or cylinders with the same cross section shape and are vertically arranged, wherein a first threaded blind hole matched with the pre-tightening bolt is formed in the center of the upper end face of the lower beam body, and a second threaded blind hole matched with the stud is formed in the center of the lower end face; the center of the upper end surface of the upper beam body is provided with a through hole matched with the pre-tightening bolt;

the piezoelectric ceramic module comprises 2M single-partition piezoelectric ceramic pieces and 2M electrode pieces, wherein M is a natural number more than or equal to 1; the single-partition piezoelectric ceramic plate is in a regular polygon or circle shape, the center of the single-partition piezoelectric ceramic plate is provided with a through hole for a pre-tightening bolt to pass through, and the single-partition piezoelectric ceramic plate is polarized along the thickness direction; the shape of the electrode plate is the same as that of the single-partition piezoelectric ceramic plate; the 2M electrode plates and the 2M single-partition piezoelectric ceramic plates are sequentially and alternately laminated, so that the 2M electrode plates and the 2M single-partition piezoelectric ceramic plates are coaxial, and the electrode plates are separated between the adjacent single-partition piezoelectric ceramic plates; the polarization directions of the adjacent single-partition piezoelectric ceramic pieces are opposite;

the stud of the pre-tightening bolt sequentially penetrates through the through hole of the upper beam body, the through holes in the centers of the 2M single-partition piezoelectric ceramic plates and the 2M electrode plates in the piezoelectric ceramic module and then is in threaded connection with the first threaded blind hole of the lower beam body, so that the 2M single-partition piezoelectric ceramic plates and the 2M electrode plates are tightly pressed;

the amplitude transformer is vertically arranged and comprises a connecting part and a gradual change part, wherein the connecting part is a regular prism or a cylinder with the same shape as the cross section of the lower beam body, and the center of the upper end surface of the connecting part is provided with a third threaded blind hole matched with the stud bolt; the gradual change part is an axisymmetric cylinder, the cross section of the gradual change part is gradually reduced from top to bottom, the upper end surface of the gradual change part is the same as the lower end surface of the connecting part in shape and is correspondingly and fixedly connected with the lower end surface of the connecting part, and the lower end surface of the gradual change part is provided with a mounting hole for mounting a cutter;

one end of the stud is connected with the lower end face of the lower beam body through a second threaded blind hole, and the other end of the stud is connected with the upper end face of the amplitude transformer connecting part through a third threaded blind hole, so that the amplitude transformer and the piezoelectric transducer are coaxially and fixedly connected;

the shell comprises a fixing part and a bearing part, wherein the fixing part is an axisymmetric cylinder, and the bearing part is a hollow cylinder with two closed ends; the fixed part and the bearing part are both vertically arranged, the upper end surface of the bearing part is coaxially and fixedly connected with the lower end surface of the fixed part, and the center of the lower end surface of the bearing part is provided with a through hole matched with the connecting part of the amplitude transformer; the piezoelectric transducer is arranged in the bearing part, and the connecting part of the amplitude transformer is fixedly connected with the through hole on the lower end face of the bearing part through the flange plate, so that the gradient part of the amplitude transformer extends out of the bearing part and is coaxial with the bearing part;

the upper end face of the shell fixing part is coaxially and fixedly connected with a machine tool main shaft through the blind rivet;

the wireless power transmission disc is sleeved outside the shell, wherein an upper disc of the wireless power transmission disc is fixed with the outside and is used for accessing external high-frequency current; the lower disc of the wireless power transmission disc is coaxially and fixedly connected with the bearing part of the shell, penetrates into the bearing part through a lead and is electrically connected with the piezoelectric ceramic module, and the wireless power transmission disc is used for supplying power to the piezoelectric ceramic module;

the thrust bearing is sleeved outside the upper disc of the wireless power transmission disc and is coaxial with the wireless power transmission disc, wherein the lower piece of the thrust bearing is coaxially and fixedly connected with the outer wall of the upper disc of the wireless power transmission disc, and an involute gear is circumferentially arranged on the outer wall of the upper piece of the thrust bearing;

the micro motor is fixed on the upper disc of the wireless power transmission disc, and an output shaft of the micro motor is coaxially and fixedly connected with the output gear; the output gear is meshed with an involute gear on the outer wall of the upper plate of the thrust bearing;

the shimming laser transmitter is fixedly connected with the upper piece of the thrust bearing through the laser clamping piece and is used for emitting shimming laser towards the processing direction of the cutter at the lower end of the gradual change part to preheat the surface to be processed;

the micro motor is used for driving the upper piece of the thrust bearing to rotate so as to adjust the irradiation direction of the shimming laser transmitter.

As a further optimization scheme of the multi-energy-field cooperative processing device for the hard and brittle materials, the tooth number Z of the involute gear on the outer wall of the upper plate of the thrust bearing₁=(D₁+10)/m, wherein D₁The outer diameter of the upper disc of the wireless transmission disc is shown, and m is the modulus of an involute gear on the outer wall of the upper disc of the thrust bearing;

number of teeth Z of the output gear₂ =（2a-D₁10)/m, wherein a is the distance between the axis of the output shaft of the micro motor and the axis of the wireless transmission disc.

As a further optimization scheme of the multi-energy-field cooperative processing device for the hard and brittle materials, m is 1.

As a further optimization scheme of the multi-energy-field cooperative processing device for the hard and brittle materials, the thrust bearing and the laser clamping piece are both made of aluminum alloy, so that the load of the upper disc of the wireless power transmission disc is reduced.

The invention also discloses a multi-energy-field cooperation processing method of the hard and brittle material, which comprises the following steps:

step 1), controlling a micro motor to work, driving an upper piece of a thrust bearing to rotate, and further adjusting the irradiation direction of a shimming laser transmitter to enable the shimming laser transmitter to face the processing direction of a cutter at the lower end of a gradual change part;

step 2), controlling the shimming laser transmitter to work, and emitting shimming laser to preheat the surface to be processed;

step 3), controlling an upper disc of the wireless electric energy transmission disc to access external high-frequency current, and driving a piezoelectric transducer to work to enable the cutter to be in a resonant state of vertical vibration;

and 4), driving the main shaft of the machine tool to process.

Compared with the prior art, the invention adopting the technical scheme has the following technical effects:

the milling processing is assisted by combining the laser energy field and the ultrasonic energy field, the surface to be processed is irradiated by laser, so that the hardness of the surface to be processed is reduced, and the machinability of the surface to be processed is improved. Then the cutter is vibrated at high frequency by an ultrasonic transduction amplitude changing device, and materials are intermittently removed. Compared with laser-assisted milling, the addition of the ultrasonic vibration assistance reduces the cutting force, improves the machining efficiency and reduces the abrasion of the cutter. Meanwhile, the deformation of the material can be reduced by adding the ultrasonic vibration effect, and the height of burrs of the material is reduced. The micro motor is used for controlling the direction of the shimming laser transmitter to replace manual adjustment, so that the problem that the direction needs to be adjusted continuously and manually during complex feed tracks can be solved, and automation is conveniently realized.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of a multi-energy field co-processing device for hard and brittle materials;

FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of a multi-energy field co-processing apparatus for hard and brittle materials;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a tool shank of a multi-energy field co-processing device for hard and brittle materials;

fig. 4 is a diagram showing a positional relationship between the tool and the laser irradiation region on the feed path.

In the figure, 1-shimming laser emitter, 2-laser clamping piece, 3-aviation plug, 4-upper disc of wireless transmission disc, 5-micro motor, 6-output gear, 7-upper disc of thrust bearing, 8-lower disc of thrust bearing, 9-lower disc of wireless transmission disc, 10-handle of a knife, 11-cutter, 12-rivet, 13-pretightening bolt, 14-piezoelectric transducer, 15-amplitude transformer and 16-stud.

Detailed Description

The technical scheme of the invention is further explained in detail by combining the attached drawings:

the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. In the drawings, components are exaggerated for clarity.

It will be understood that, although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, components and/or sections, these elements, components and/or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element, component, and/or section from another. Thus, a first element, component, and/or section discussed below could be termed a second element, component, or section without departing from the teachings of the present invention.

The ultrasonic auxiliary processing is to remove the material intermittently by the vibration of the ultrahigh frequency, so that the deformation of the material can be effectively reduced, the surface quality of the processed surface is improved, meanwhile, the abrasion of the cutter is reduced, and the processing efficiency is improved. The invention combines the laser and ultrasonic functions to assist in processing the hard and brittle material, and integrates the advantages of the hard and brittle material, thereby not only improving the processing efficiency of the hard and brittle material, but also improving the surface quality of the processed surface and further improving the durability of the cutter.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the invention discloses a multi-energy field cooperative processing device for hard and brittle materials, which comprises a tool shank, a rivet, a wireless power transmission disc, a thrust bearing, a laser clamping piece, a shimming laser transmitter, a micro motor and an output gear, wherein the tool shank is fixed on the tool shank;

as shown in fig. 3, the tool holder comprises a housing, a flange, a piezoelectric transducer, a stud and a horn;

the piezoelectric transducer comprises a pretightening bolt, an upper beam body, a piezoelectric ceramic module and a lower beam body;

the upper beam body and the lower beam body are regular prisms or cylinders with the same cross section shape and are vertically arranged, wherein a first threaded blind hole matched with the pre-tightening bolt is formed in the center of the upper end face of the lower beam body, and a second threaded blind hole matched with the stud is formed in the center of the lower end face; the center of the upper end surface of the upper beam body is provided with a through hole matched with the pre-tightening bolt;

the piezoelectric ceramic module comprises 2M single-partition piezoelectric ceramic pieces and 2M electrode pieces, wherein M is a natural number more than or equal to 1; the single-partition piezoelectric ceramic plate is in a regular polygon or circle shape, the center of the single-partition piezoelectric ceramic plate is provided with a through hole for a pre-tightening bolt to pass through, and the single-partition piezoelectric ceramic plate is polarized along the thickness direction; the shape of the electrode plate is the same as that of the single-partition piezoelectric ceramic plate; the 2M electrode plates and the 2M single-partition piezoelectric ceramic plates are sequentially and alternately laminated, so that the 2M electrode plates and the 2M single-partition piezoelectric ceramic plates are coaxial, and the electrode plates are separated between the adjacent single-partition piezoelectric ceramic plates; the polarization directions of the adjacent single-partition piezoelectric ceramic pieces are opposite;

the stud of the pre-tightening bolt sequentially penetrates through the through hole of the upper beam body, the through holes in the centers of the 2M single-partition piezoelectric ceramic plates and the 2M electrode plates in the piezoelectric ceramic module and then is in threaded connection with the first threaded blind hole of the lower beam body, so that the 2M single-partition piezoelectric ceramic plates and the 2M electrode plates are tightly pressed;

the amplitude transformer is vertically arranged and comprises a connecting part and a gradual change part, wherein the connecting part is a regular prism or a cylinder with the same shape as the cross section of the lower beam body, and the center of the upper end surface of the connecting part is provided with a third threaded blind hole matched with the stud bolt; the gradual change part is an axisymmetric cylinder, the cross section of the gradual change part is gradually reduced from top to bottom, the upper end surface of the gradual change part is the same as the lower end surface of the connecting part in shape and is correspondingly and fixedly connected with the lower end surface of the connecting part, and the lower end surface of the gradual change part is provided with a mounting hole for mounting a cutter;

one end of the stud is connected with the lower end face of the lower beam body through a second threaded blind hole, and the other end of the stud is connected with the upper end face of the amplitude transformer connecting part through a third threaded blind hole, so that the amplitude transformer and the piezoelectric transducer are coaxially and fixedly connected;

the shell comprises a fixing part and a bearing part, wherein the fixing part is an axisymmetric cylinder, and the bearing part is a hollow cylinder with two closed ends; the fixed part and the bearing part are both vertically arranged, the upper end surface of the bearing part is coaxially and fixedly connected with the lower end surface of the fixed part, and the center of the lower end surface of the bearing part is provided with a through hole matched with the connecting part of the amplitude transformer; the piezoelectric transducer is arranged in the bearing part, and the connecting part of the amplitude transformer is fixedly connected with the through hole on the lower end face of the bearing part through the flange plate, so that the gradient part of the amplitude transformer extends out of the bearing part and is coaxial with the bearing part;

the upper end face of the shell fixing part is coaxially and fixedly connected with a machine tool main shaft through the blind rivet;

the wireless power transmission disc is sleeved outside the shell, wherein an upper disc of the wireless power transmission disc is fixed with the outside and is used for accessing external high-frequency current, and specifically, an aviation plug can be used for accessing as shown in fig. 2; the lower disc of the wireless power transmission disc is coaxially and fixedly connected with the bearing part of the shell, penetrates into the bearing part through a lead and is electrically connected with the piezoelectric ceramic module, and the wireless power transmission disc is used for supplying power to the piezoelectric ceramic module;

the thrust bearing is sleeved outside the upper disc of the wireless power transmission disc and is coaxial with the wireless power transmission disc, wherein the lower piece of the thrust bearing is coaxially and fixedly connected with the outer wall of the upper disc of the wireless power transmission disc, and an involute gear is circumferentially arranged on the outer wall of the upper piece of the thrust bearing;

the micro motor is fixed on the upper disc of the wireless power transmission disc, and an output shaft of the micro motor is coaxially and fixedly connected with the output gear; the output gear is meshed with an involute gear on the outer wall of the upper plate of the thrust bearing;

the shimming laser transmitter is fixedly connected with the upper piece of the thrust bearing through the laser clamping piece and is used for emitting shimming laser towards the processing direction of the cutter at the lower end of the gradual change part to preheat the surface to be processed;

the micro motor is used for driving the upper piece of the thrust bearing to rotate so as to adjust the irradiation direction of the shimming laser transmitter.

The tooth number Z of the involute gear on the outer wall of the upper plate of the thrust bearing₁=(D₁+10)/m, wherein D₁The outer diameter of the upper disc of the wireless transmission disc is shown, and m is the modulus of an involute gear on the outer wall of the upper disc of the thrust bearing;

number of teeth Z of the output gear₂ =（2a-D₁10)/m, wherein a is the distance between the axis of the output shaft of the micro motor and the axis of the wireless transmission disc; m is preferably 1.

The thrust bearing and the laser clamping piece are both made of aluminum alloy so as to reduce the load of the upper disc of the wireless power transmission disc.

The invention also discloses a multi-energy-field cooperation processing method of the hard and brittle material, which comprises the following steps:

step 1), controlling a micro motor to work, driving an upper piece of a thrust bearing to rotate, and further adjusting the irradiation direction of a shimming laser emitter to enable the shimming laser emitter to face the processing direction of a cutter at the lower end of a gradual change part, as shown in fig. 4;

step 2), controlling the shimming laser transmitter to work, and emitting shimming laser to preheat the surface to be processed;

step 3), controlling an upper disc of the wireless electric energy transmission disc to access external high-frequency current, and driving a piezoelectric transducer to work to enable the cutter to be in a resonant state of vertical vibration;

and 4), driving the main shaft of the machine tool to process.

The angle of the shimming laser emitter needs to be adjusted in advance, so that the center of a laser beam irradiation area keeps a certain distance from the center of the cutter. The distance L can be determined by the diameter D of the milling cutter₂And the diameter D of the laser irradiation region₃Result in, i.e. L = (D)₂+D₃)/2+2. Control of the micro-scale by means of a control circuitThe motor rotates to adjust the direction of the shimming laser emitter, so that the laser irradiation area is always in front of the feed track.

The invention uses the laser energy field and the ultrasonic energy field to compound and assist milling processing, and firstly irradiates the surface to be processed with laser, so that the hardness of the surface to be processed is reduced, and the mechanical processing property is improved. Then the cutter is vibrated at high frequency by an ultrasonic transduction amplitude changing device, and materials are intermittently removed. Compared with laser-assisted milling, the addition of the ultrasonic vibration assistance reduces the cutting force, improves the machining efficiency and reduces the abrasion of the cutter. Meanwhile, the deformation of the material can be reduced by adding the ultrasonic vibration effect, and the height of burrs of the material is reduced. The micro motor is used for controlling the direction of the shimming laser transmitter to replace manual adjustment, so that the problem that the direction needs to be adjusted continuously and manually during complex feed tracks can be solved, and automation is conveniently realized.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.

The above-mentioned embodiments, objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are further described in detail, it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.