阅读说明：本技术 一种异松油烯的制备方法 (Preparation method of terpinolene ) 是由 刘泽超 鲍元野 张永振 黎源 于 2021-08-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种异松油烯的制备方法,所述方法包括以下步骤：以双戊烯为原料,在高压二氧化碳环境下,使用醋酸、醋酸盐及具有轴手性含氮化合物作为催化剂,反应制备异松油烯。所述具有轴手性含氮化合物为有轴手性含氮联萘或联苯化合物中的一种或多种。异松油烯的选择性及收率高。(The invention discloses a preparation method of terpinene, which comprises the following steps: the terpinene is prepared by taking dipentene as a raw material and using acetic acid, acetate and a nitrogen-containing compound with axial chirality as catalysts through reaction in a high-pressure carbon dioxide environment. The nitrogen-containing compound with axial chirality is one or more of binaphthyl or biphenyl compounds with axial chirality. The selectivity and the yield of the terpinene are high.)

1. A preparation method of terpinolene comprises the following steps: the terpinene is prepared by taking dipentene as a raw material and using acetic acid, acetate and a nitrogen-containing compound with axial chirality as catalysts through reaction in a high-pressure carbon dioxide environment.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the absolute pressure of carbon dioxide is in the range of 7 to 18 MPa.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the molar ratio of the acetic acid to the acetate is 1:10-10:1, and the amount of the acetic acid and the acetate is 0.05% -2% of the mass of the dipentene.

4. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the acetate salt is selected from one or more of sodium acetate, potassium acetate, ammonium acetate, zinc acetate, aluminium acetate, preferably sodium acetate and/or potassium acetate.

5. The process according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the reaction is carried out in the presence of water.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the nitrogen-containing compound having axial chirality is one or more of an axial chiral nitrogen-containing binaphthyl or biphenyl compound, preferably (R) -N, N ' -dimethylbinaphthylamine, (R) -N ' -acetylbinaphthylamine, (R) -N, N-dimethyl-1, 1' -binaphthylamine, (R) -1,1' -binaphthyl-2, 2' -diamine, (R) -N, N ' -dibenzylbinaphthylamine, (R) -N, N ', N, N ' -tetramethylbinaphthylamine, (R) -N-methyl-1, 1' -binaphthylamine, N- [ (R) -2' -amino [1,1' -binaphthyl ] -2-yl ] -4-methylbenzenesulfinamide, One of (R) -4,4',6,6' -tetra-trifluoromethyl- [1,1 '-biphenyl ] -2,2' -diamine, (R) -1,1 '-binaphthyl-2, 2' -disulfonamide, and (R) -2, 6-bis [3, 5-bis (trifluoromethyl) phenyl ] -1,1 '-binaphthyl-2, 2' -disulfonamide.

7. The process according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the compounds having axial chirality (R) -N ' -acetylbinaphthylamine and/or N- [ (R) -2' -amino [1,1' -binaphthyl ] -2-yl ] -4-methylbenzenesulfinamide.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the nitrogen-containing compound having axial chirality is used in an amount of 0.05 to 2% by mass of dipentene.

9. The process according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the reaction conditions are 30 to 90 ℃ and the reaction time is 1 to 12 hours.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of chemical industry, and relates to a method for preparing terpinene.

Background

The terpinolene exists in elemi oil, cedar oil and other plants, is costustoot gas, can be used for perfumes, food flavors, biological pesticides, cosmetics, cleaning agents and the like, and the high-purity terpinolene can be applied to the fields of engineering plastics, fine chemicals, medicines and the like.

Oxalic acid or formic acid catalyzes alpha-terpineol to dehydrate to prepare the terpinene, and the terpinene can also be separated from sweet orange oil, but the two methods have complex operation and higher cost.

The chemical synthesis of terpinene mostly uses dipentene (limonene) as raw material, Morikawa Toshiyuki (Production of terpinene: JP01-319431[ P ]]2001) reported that the yield of terpinene synthesized from dipentene was 45.3% using diatomaceous earth phosphate as a catalyst. In China, turpentine is mostly used as a raw material to synthesize the terpinolene. Wangyiming (two-step catalytic preparation of Isoterpinene from turpentine: China, 1381433A [ P ]]1990) Synthesis of Isoterpinolene Using turpentine oil having a pinene content of 96% as the raw MaterialThe yield of the terpinolene obtained by the two-step method is 35.2 percent, and the intermediate product is also dipentene. Palladium catalyzed oxidation of monopoles Multi step electron transport systems Pd (OAc)₂/benzoquinone/M(OAc)₂(M ═ Cu, Co or Mn) for the isomerization of limonene with dioxins (Applied Catalysis, A: General (2004),258(1),93-98) also mentioned that dipentene is isomerized to terpinene under the Catalysis of copper acetate and acetic acid, but the selectivity of terpinene is not high and needs to be improved optimally.

The demand of the terpinene is continuously promoted, and the synthesis of the terpinene by adopting the dipentene with rich sources and relatively low price as the raw material is an effective method for solving the problem of insufficient terpinene, and has production feasibility.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a preparation method of terpinene. Improves the selectivity and yield of the terpinene, reasonably contributes to dipentene resources, and has industrial application value.

A preparation method of terpinolene comprises the following steps: the terpinene is prepared by taking dipentene as a raw material and taking acetic acid, acetate and a nitrogen-containing compound with axial chirality as catalysts in a high-pressure carbon dioxide environment.

The reaction equation is as follows:

further, the dipentene can be pure dipentene or a mixture containing the dipentene.

The content of dipentene in the present invention ranges from 10 wt% to 99.9 wt%, preferably from 50 wt% to 99 wt%.

Further, the absolute pressure range of the carbon dioxide is 7-18 MPa.

Further, the molar ratio of the acetic acid to the acetate is 1:10-10:1, and the dosage of the acetic acid and the acetate is 0.05-2% of the mass of the dipentene.

The acetate is selected from one or more of sodium acetate, potassium acetate, ammonium acetate, zinc acetate and aluminum acetate, and preferably sodium acetate and/or potassium acetate.

In order to make acetate have better dissolution effect, a small amount of pure water is generally added into the system to improve the solubility of salts.

Further, the nitrogen-containing compound having axial chirality is one or more of compounds having axial chirality, such as (R) -N, N ' -dimethylbinaphthylamine, (R) -N ' -acetylbinaphthylamine, (R) -N, N-dimethyl-1, 1' -binaphthylamine, (R) -1,1' -binaphthyl-2, 2' -diamine, (R) -N, N ' -dibenzylbinaphthylamine, (R) -N, N ', N, N ' -tetramethylbinaphthylamine, (R) -N-methyl-1, 1' -binaphthylamine, N- [ (R) -2' -amino [1,1' -binaphthyl ] -2-yl ] -4-methylbenzenesulfinamide, and the like, (R) -4,4',6,6' -tetra-trifluoromethyl- [1,1 '-biphenyl ] -2,2' -diamine, (R) -1,1 '-binaphthyl-2, 2' -disulfonamide, (R) -2, 6-bis [3, 5-bis (trifluoromethyl) phenyl ] -1,1 '-binaphthyl-2, 2' -disulfonamide, and the like.

The structural formula of the nitrogen-containing compound with axial chirality is as follows:

preference is given to (R) -N ' -acetylbinaphthylamine, N- [ (R) -2' -amino [1,1' -binaphthyl ] -2-yl ] -4-methylbenzenesulfinamide. Preferably, the axial chiral nitrogen-containing compound has proper spatial configuration, and the selectivity of the generated terpinene is higher.

Further, the amount of the nitrogen-containing compound with axial chirality is 0.05-2% of the mass of the dipentene.

The dipentene is isomerized to generate the terpinene, and the carbon cations are rearranged to generate the terpinene and the terpinene. The instability of the carbenium ion leads to the continued dehydrogenation of terpinene and terpinolene to p-cymene.

In the invention, acetic acid, acetate and an axial chiral nitrogen-containing compound are used as catalysts to efficiently catalyze dipentene to generate a carbonium ion intermediate, and the unexpected discovery shows that the stable carbon intermediate 1 tends to be generated in a high-pressure carbon dioxide environment, so that the proportion of terpinolene in the product is improved.

The proportion of the terpinene can be improved by adding the chiral nitrogen-containing compound with the axis into the system, and because the system is an acidic system, one end of the added chiral nitrogen-containing compound is easy to form positive charges, and the formed positive charges have thrust on a carbon positive intermediate formed by dipentene. On the other hand, the lone pair of electrons of the other nitrogen atom under the specific structure in the compound can stabilize the positive charge of the dipentene forming the carbon positive intermediate. The axial chiral nitrogen-containing compound, particularly the axial chiral nitrogen-containing compound with two different spatial structures, can utilize the special chiral spatial structure of the compound to interact with the carbon positive intermediate formed by the dipentene, so that the carbon positive intermediate 1 with the charge positioned at the tail part is more stable.

Further, in a preferable scheme of the method for preparing the terpinene, the reaction condition is 30-90 ℃, and the reaction time is 1-12 h. The reaction needs to be carried out under anhydrous and oxygen-free conditions, and can be carried out under an inert dry gas atmosphere.

The invention adopts dipentene as the raw material to prepare the terpinolene, improves the selectivity and the yield of the terpinolene, is reasonably beneficial to dipentene resources, and has industrial application value.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

The analysis method used in the specific embodiment of the present invention:

gas chromatograph: agilent7820A, column HP-5(30 m.times.320. mu.m.times.0.25 μm), injection port temperature: 80 ℃; the split ratio is 30: 1; carrier gas flow: 1.5 ml/min; temperature rising procedure: keeping at 40 deg.C for 1min, heating to 80 deg.C at 10 deg.C/min for 0min, heating to 180 deg.C at 5 deg.C/min for 0min, heating to 260 deg.C at 30 deg.C/min for 5 min. Detector temperature: at 260 ℃.

Dipentene, 99 wt%, Aladdin reagent, Inc.

Example 1

100g of dipentene, 0.5g of acetic acid, 0.5g of sodium acetate, 0.1g of (R) -N, N' -dimethyldinaphthylamine and 1g of pure water were added to an autoclave in an inert gas atmosphere, and the autoclave was charged with 8.5MPa of CO₂And starting a high-pressure kettle heater for stirring, adjusting an air inlet valve and an air outlet valve of the high-pressure kettle after the temperature in the kettle reaches 70 ℃, ensuring the pressure of the kettle to be 8.5MPa, keeping the pressure and the temperature for reaction for 4 hours, cooling the reaction kettle, releasing pressure and releasing gas. Taking the reaction liquid for organic phase detection, and obtaining the conversion rate: 99.75%, product selectivity: 86.54%, selectivity of by-product: 13.46 percent.

Example 2

100g of dipentene, 0.1g of acetic acid, 1.0g of sodium acetate, 0.5g of (R) -1,1 '-binaphthyl-2, 2' -disulfonamide, and 1g of pure water were charged into an autoclave under an inert gas atmosphere, and 12.0MPa of CO was charged into the autoclave₂And starting a high-pressure kettle heater for stirring, adjusting an air inlet valve and an air outlet valve of the high-pressure kettle after the temperature in the kettle reaches 80 ℃, ensuring the pressure of the kettle to be 12.0MPa, keeping the pressure and the temperature for reaction for 2 hours, cooling the reaction kettle, releasing pressure and releasing gas. Taking the reaction liquid for organic phase detection, and obtaining the conversion rate: 99.87%, product selectivity: 77.91%, selectivity of by-product: 22.09%.

Example 3

100g of dipentene, 0.5g of acetic acid, 0.5g of sodium acetate, (R) -N' -acetyldinaphthylamine, 0.1g of pure water, and 1g of pure water were added to an autoclave in an inert gas atmosphere, and the autoclave was charged with 8.5MPa of CO₂And starting a high-pressure kettle heater for stirring, adjusting an air inlet valve and an air outlet valve of the high-pressure kettle after the temperature in the kettle reaches 70 ℃, ensuring the pressure of the kettle to be 8.5MPa, keeping the pressure and the temperature for reaction for 4 hours, cooling the reaction kettle, releasing pressure and releasing gas. Taking the reaction liquid for organic phase detection, and obtaining the conversion rate: 99.97%, product selectivity: 91.77%, selectivity of by-product: 8.23 percent.

Example 4

100g of dipentene, 0.77g of acetic acid, 0.1g of ammonium acetate and N- [ (R) -2 '-amino [1,1' -binaphthyl ] were charged into an autoclave under an inert gas atmosphere]-2-yl]2.0g of-4-methylbenzenesulfinamide and 1g of pure water, and 18.0MPa of the autoclave was chargedCO of₂And starting a high-pressure kettle heater for stirring, adjusting an air inlet valve and an air outlet valve of the high-pressure kettle after the temperature in the kettle reaches 90 ℃, ensuring the pressure of the kettle to be 18.0MPa, keeping the pressure and the temperature for reaction for 1 hour, cooling the reaction kettle, releasing pressure and releasing gas. Taking the reaction liquid for organic phase detection, and obtaining the conversion rate: 99.98%, product selectivity: 91.50%, selectivity of by-product: 8.50 percent.

Example 5

100g of dipentene, 0.03g of acetic acid, 0.02g of zinc acetate and N- [ (R) -2 '-amino [1,1' -binaphthyl ] were added to the autoclave under an inert gas atmosphere]-2-yl]0.05g of-4-methylbenzenesulfinamide and 0.5g of pure water, and 7.0MPa of CO was charged into the autoclave₂And starting a high-pressure kettle heater for stirring, adjusting an air inlet valve and an air outlet valve of the high-pressure kettle after the temperature in the kettle reaches 30 ℃, ensuring the pressure of the kettle to be 7.0MPa, keeping the pressure and the temperature for reaction for 12 hours, cooling the reaction kettle, releasing pressure and releasing gas. Taking the reaction liquid for organic phase detection, and obtaining the conversion rate: 99.88%, product selectivity: 88.04%, selectivity of by-product: 11.96 percent.

Example 6

100g of dipentene, 1.5g of acetic acid, 0.5g of sodium acetate, and (R) -4,4',6,6' -tetra-trifluoromethyl- [1,1' -biphenyl were charged into an autoclave under an inert gas atmosphere]1.0g of (E) -2,2' -diamine and 1g of pure water, and 9.0MPa of CO was charged into the autoclave₂And starting a high-pressure kettle heater for stirring, adjusting an air inlet valve and an air outlet valve of the high-pressure kettle after the temperature in the kettle reaches 60 ℃, ensuring the pressure of the kettle to be 9.0MPa, keeping the pressure and the temperature for reaction for 6 hours, cooling the reaction kettle, releasing pressure and releasing gas. Taking the reaction liquid for organic phase detection, and obtaining the conversion rate: 99.88%, product selectivity: 81.11%, selectivity of by-product: 18.89 percent.

Example 7

100g of dipentene, 1.0g of acetic acid, 0.5g of sodium acetate, 1.5g of (R) -N, N' -dibenzyl-dinaphthylamine and 1g of pure water were added to an autoclave in an inert gas atmosphere, and the autoclave was charged with 9.0MPa of CO₂And starting a high-pressure kettle heater for stirring, adjusting an air inlet valve and an air outlet valve of the high-pressure kettle after the temperature in the kettle reaches 50 ℃, ensuring the pressure of the kettle to be 9.0MPa, keeping the pressure and the temperature for reaction for 10 hours, cooling the reaction kettle, releasing pressure and releasing gas. Taking the reaction liquid and detecting the organic phaseConversion rate: 99.83%, product selectivity: 78.07%, selectivity of by-product: 21.93 percent.

Comparative example 1

Under an inert gas atmosphere, 100g of dipentene, 0.5g of acetic acid, 0.5g of sodium acetate and 1g of pure water were added to an autoclave, and the autoclave was charged with 8.5MPa of CO₂And starting a high-pressure kettle heater for stirring, adjusting an air inlet valve and an air outlet valve of the high-pressure kettle after the temperature in the kettle reaches 70 ℃, ensuring the pressure of the kettle to be 8.5MPa, keeping the pressure and the temperature for reaction for 4 hours, cooling the reaction kettle, releasing pressure and releasing gas. Taking the reaction liquid for organic phase detection, and obtaining the conversion rate: 99.67%, product selectivity: 42.06%, selectivity of by-product: 57.94 percent.

Comparative example 2

100g of dipentene, 0.5g of acetic acid, 0.5g of sodium acetate, 0.1g of racemic N, N' -dimethyldinaphthylamine and 1g of pure water were added to an autoclave in an inert gas atmosphere, and the autoclave was charged with 8.5MPa of CO₂And starting a high-pressure kettle heater for stirring, adjusting an air inlet valve and an air outlet valve of the high-pressure kettle after the temperature in the kettle reaches 70 ℃, ensuring the pressure of the kettle to be 8.5MPa, keeping the pressure and the temperature for reaction for 4 hours, cooling the reaction kettle, releasing pressure and releasing gas. Taking the reaction liquid for organic phase detection, and obtaining the conversion rate: 99.75%, product selectivity: 56.69%, selectivity of by-product: 43.31 percent.

Comparative example 3

100g of dipentene, 0.5g of acetic acid, 0.5g of sodium acetate, 0.1g of trimethylamine and 1g of pure water were added to an autoclave in an inert gas atmosphere, and 8.5MPa of CO was charged into the autoclave₂And starting a high-pressure kettle heater for stirring, adjusting an air inlet valve and an air outlet valve of the high-pressure kettle after the temperature in the kettle reaches 70 ℃, ensuring the pressure of the kettle to be 8.5MPa, keeping the pressure and the temperature for reaction for 4 hours, cooling the reaction kettle, releasing pressure and releasing gas. Taking the reaction liquid for organic phase detection, and obtaining the conversion rate: 99.72%, product selectivity: 46.73%, selectivity of by-product: 53.27 percent.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and additions can be made without departing from the method of the present invention, and these modifications and additions should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.