阅读说明：本技术 一种具有隔音隔热功能的红外和雷达兼容隐身视窗玻璃 (Infrared and radar compatible stealthy window glass with sound and heat insulation function ) 是由 肖林 杨昌 常慧聪 于 2021-07-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种具有隔音隔热功能的红外和雷达兼容隐身视窗玻璃,包括外层玻璃和内层玻璃,所述外层玻璃和内层玻璃之间设有真空层,所述外层玻璃的外表面设有微波频率选择表面结构阵列,所述外层玻璃的内表面设有微波共振吸收结构阵列,所述内层玻璃的内表面设有电磁反射膜。本发明视窗玻璃集透明支撑结构与兼容隐身功能于一体,可以基于本身实现宽谱高效的吸收微波和低红外发射率,微波的吸收范围可以覆盖5-20GHz,吸收效率大于0.9。玻璃表面红外发射率低可至0.23,可以显著降低目标的热辐射量,从而降低被探测的概率。另外本发明的视窗玻璃的可见光透过率在60％以上。同时基于结构中的真空间隔层,本发明的视窗玻璃具有隔音降噪和隔热能力。(The invention relates to infrared and radar compatible stealth window glass with sound and heat insulation functions, which comprises outer layer glass and inner layer glass, wherein a vacuum layer is arranged between the outer layer glass and the inner layer glass, a microwave frequency selection surface structure array is arranged on the outer surface of the outer layer glass, a microwave resonance absorption structure array is arranged on the inner surface of the outer layer glass, and an electromagnetic reflection film is arranged on the inner surface of the inner layer glass. The window glass integrates the transparent supporting structure and the compatible stealth function, can realize wide-spectrum efficient microwave absorption and low infrared emissivity based on the window glass, can cover the microwave absorption range of 5-20GHz, and has the absorption efficiency of more than 0.9. The infrared emissivity of the glass surface is as low as 0.23, so that the heat radiation quantity of the target can be obviously reduced, and the probability of detection is reduced. In addition, the visible light transmittance of the window glass is more than 60 percent. Meanwhile, based on the vacuum interlayer in the structure, the window glass has the sound insulation, noise reduction and heat insulation capabilities.)

1. The utility model provides an infrared and radar compatible stealthy window glass with thermal-insulated function gives sound insulation, its characterized in that, includes outer glass (1) and inlayer glass (2), be equipped with vacuum layer (3) between outer glass (1) and inlayer glass (2), the surface of outer glass (1) is equipped with microwave frequency and selects surface structure array (11), the internal surface of outer glass (1) is equipped with microwave resonance absorbing structure array (12), the internal surface of inlayer glass (2) is equipped with electromagnetic reflection membrane (13).

2. The infrared and radar-compatible stealth window glass with acoustic and thermal insulation functions according to claim 1, characterized in that said array of microwave frequency selective surface structures (11) is an array of patterned structures formed by a first transparent conductive thin film material deposited on the outer surface of said outer glass (1).

3. The infrared and radar compatible stealth window glass with sound and heat insulation functions as claimed in claim 2, wherein the first transparent conductive film material is indium tin oxide or zinc aluminum oxide, the square resistance value of the first transparent conductive film material is 8-15 Ω/sq, and the infrared emissivity of the first transparent conductive film material is less than 0.25.

4. The infrared and radar compatible stealth window glass with sound and heat insulation functions as claimed in claim 1, wherein the microwave resonance absorption structure array (12) is a periodic pattern structure formed by depositing a second transparent conductive thin film material on the inner surface of the outer glass (1), and the periodic pattern structure generates electromagnetic resonance absorption in the microwave band and absorbs the microwave of 5-20 GHz.

5. The infrared and radar compatible stealth window glass with sound and heat insulation functions as claimed in claim 4, wherein the second transparent conductive film material is indium tin oxide or zinc aluminum oxide or graphene or silver nanowires, and the sheet resistance value of the second transparent conductive film material is 20-26 Ω/sq.

6. The infrared and radar-compatible stealth window glass with acoustic and thermal insulation functions according to claim 1, characterized in that the electromagnetic reflection film (13) is a third transparent conductive film deposited on the inner surface of the inner glass (2) for reflecting microwaves and infrared radiation.

7. The infrared and radar compatible stealth window glass with sound and heat insulation functions as claimed in claim 6, wherein the third transparent conductive thin film material is indium tin oxide or zinc aluminum oxide or graphene or silver nanowire, and the sheet resistance value is 8-15 Ω/sq.

8. The infrared and radar compatible stealth window glass with sound and heat insulation functions as claimed in claim 1, wherein the outer layer glass (1) and the inner layer glass (2) are any one of quartz glass, organic glass, polyethylene and polypropylene with high visible light transmittance, and the dielectric constant is 2.45-3.8.

9. The ir-and-radar-compatible stealth window glass with acoustic and thermal insulation according to claim 1, wherein the ir-and-radar-compatible stealth window glass has a visible light transmittance higher than 60%.

10. The infrared and radar-compatible stealth window glass with acoustic and thermal insulation capabilities according to claim 1, characterized in that said vacuum layer (3) reduces the thermal conduction of the window glass, making it thermally insulating.

11. The infrared and radar compatible stealth window glass with acoustic and thermal insulation function according to claim 1, characterized in that said vacuum layer (3) provides acoustic and noise reduction capabilities.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of wave-absorbing materials, and relates to infrared and radar compatible stealth window glass with sound and heat insulation functions.

Background

In the battlefield, along with the diversification and intellectualization of detection means, the method provides a severe test for the pre-war survival capability of weaponry. The multi-band joint detection has become a necessary trend for the development of modern military reconnaissance means, wherein two detection means, namely infrared detection and radar detection, are two main target reconnaissance technologies at present. Therefore, the development of the material capable of combining radar stealth capability and infrared stealth capability better meets the actual requirement, and finally improves the camouflage capability and the survival capability of military targets in the combined use of multiple detection means.

In the prior art, compatible stealth is mostly realized by using composite coating, the composite coating has the problems of narrow microwave absorption band and low wave absorption efficiency, and the infrared stealth efficiency needs to be improved. Moreover, the existing composite coatings are non-transparent and cannot be coated on a window.

In addition, chinese patent CN112622391A discloses an optical transparent ultra-wideband radar and infrared double-stealth structure, and in order to achieve high transmittance of visible light, the whole structure is designed to use an optical transparent material, namely a transparent conductive film and a transparent dielectric medium. The structure is sequentially provided with a back plate, a first middle medium layer, a first frequency selective surface layer, a second middle medium layer and a second frequency selective surface layer from bottom to top, wherein the first middle medium layer and the second middle medium layer are high-light-transmission polyethylene terephthalate (PET). The stealth structure mainly comprises a low-emissivity infrared stealth layer formed by a second frequency selective surface layer and an ultra-wideband radar wave-absorbing layer formed by the second frequency selective surface layer. However, the infrared stealth and radar stealth capabilities of the structure are insufficient, and the structure cannot meet higher requirements or other application scenes and cannot realize the functions of sound insulation and heat insulation.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems and provides infrared and radar compatible stealth window glass with sound and heat insulation functions, which has radar and infrared compatible stealth functions and sound and heat insulation capabilities.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides infrared and radar compatible stealth window glass with sound and heat insulation functions, which comprises outer layer glass and inner layer glass, wherein a vacuum layer is arranged between the outer layer glass and the inner layer glass, a microwave frequency selection surface structure array is arranged on the outer surface of the outer layer glass, a microwave resonance absorption structure array is arranged on the inner surface of the outer layer glass, and an electromagnetic reflection film is arranged on the inner surface of the inner layer glass.

According to one aspect of the invention, the microwave frequency selective surface structure array is a pattern structure array formed by depositing a first transparent conductive thin film material on the outer surface of the outer layer glass.

According to one aspect of the invention, the transparent conductive film material is indium tin oxide or zinc aluminum oxide, the square resistance value is 8-15 omega/sq, and the infrared emissivity is less than 0.25.

According to one aspect of the invention, the microwave resonance absorption structure array is a periodic pattern structure formed by depositing a second transparent conductive film material on the inner surface of the outer glass, and the periodic pattern structure generates electromagnetic resonance absorption in a microwave band and absorbs microwaves at 5-20 GHz.

According to one aspect of the invention, the second transparent conductive thin film material is indium tin oxide or zinc aluminum oxide or graphene or silver nanowire, and the sheet resistance value is 20-26 Ω/sq.

According to one aspect of the invention, the electromagnetic reflection film is a third transparent conductive film which is deposited on the inner surface of the inner layer glass in a covering manner and is used for reflecting microwaves and infrared radiation.

According to one aspect of the invention, the third transparent conductive thin film material is indium tin oxide or zinc aluminum oxide or graphene or silver nanowire, and the sheet resistance value is 8-15 Ω/sq.

According to one aspect of the invention, the outer layer glass and the inner layer glass are any one of quartz glass, organic glass, polyethylene and polypropylene with high visible light transmittance, and the dielectric constant is 2.45-3.8.

According to one aspect of the invention, the infrared and radar compatible stealth window glass has a visible light transmission of greater than 60%.

The window glass integrates the transparent supporting structure and the compatible stealth function, can realize wide-spectrum efficient microwave absorption and low infrared emissivity based on the window glass, can cover the microwave absorption range of 5-20GHz, and has the absorption efficiency of more than 0.9. The infrared emissivity of the glass surface is as low as 0.23, so that the heat radiation quantity of the target can be obviously reduced, and the probability of detection is reduced. In addition, the visible light transmittance of the window glass is more than 60 percent.

The electromagnetic reflecting film of the window glass can efficiently reflect infrared radiation, and the vacuum layer or the air layer in the window structure can reduce heat transfer, prevent internal and external heat exchange and play a certain role in heat insulation.

The medium/vacuum layer or air layer/medium layer in the window structure of the window glass can effectively isolate the transmission of sound waves, and realize sound insulation and noise reduction.

The outer layer glass of the window glass can realize the high-efficiency absorption of external radar waves, and the inner layer glass can effectively attenuate or reflect the electromagnetic wave radiation of electronic components in the cabin, thereby realizing the radar stealth to the maximum extent.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a window glass according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing an array of microwave frequency selective surface structures according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing an array of microwave resonance absorbing structures according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing an array of microwave frequency selective surface structures according to example 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a view schematically showing an array of microwave resonance-absorbing structures according to example 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a graph showing the optical transmittance of a window glass according to example 1;

FIG. 7 is a graph showing the infrared properties of the transparent conductive film material of example 1;

FIG. 8 is a photograph showing a visible light photograph and an infrared stealth performance chart of the window glass of example 1;

FIG. 9 is a graph showing the measurement results of microwave absorption at a plurality of angles of incidence in the TE mode of the windowpane according to example 1;

FIG. 10 is a graph showing the results of microwave absorption measurements at multiple angles of incidence in the TM mode of the window glass of example 1;

FIG. 11 shows the results of a simulation of the thermal insulation performance of the glazing of example 1;

FIG. 12 shows the results of the sound-insulating property test of the window glass of example 1;

FIG. 13 is a graph showing the result of microwave absorption at multiple angles of incidence in the TE mode of the window glass of example 2;

FIG. 14 is a graph showing the absorption results of microwaves at multiple angles of incidence in the TM mode of the window glass of example 2.

Detailed Description

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.

The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments, which are not repeated herein, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the following embodiments.

As shown in figure 1, the invention provides infrared and radar compatible stealth window glass with sound and heat insulation functions, which comprises outer layer glass 1 and inner layer glass 2, wherein a vacuum layer 3 is arranged between the outer layer glass 1 and the inner layer glass 2, the outer surface of the outer layer glass 1 is provided with a microwave frequency selective surface structure array 11, the inner surface of the outer layer glass 1 is provided with a microwave resonance absorption structure array 12, and the inner surface of the inner layer glass 2 is provided with an electromagnetic reflection film 13.

In the invention, the microwave frequency selective surface structure array 11 is a pattern structure array formed by depositing a first transparent conductive film material on the outer surface of the outer layer glass 1, the pattern structure is a periodic array with a specific shape, the shape can be a regular or irregular structure such as a square, a circle, a rectangle and the like, and the structure array has selective permeability to microwaves and can ensure that the frequency band of 5-20GHz has high permeability. According to one embodiment of the invention, the period of the pattern structure array is 0.5mm and the pattern structure is square. Wherein the first transparent conductive film material is indium tin oxide or zinc aluminum oxide, the square resistance value is 8-15 omega/sq, the thickness is 200-250nm, and the conductive film with the parameters has higher conductivity, thereby ensuring that the infrared emissivity of the surface of the window is less than 0.25.

The microwave resonance absorption structure array 12 is a periodic pattern structure formed by depositing a second transparent conductive film material on the inner surface of the outer layer glass 1, the periodic pattern can be a regular or irregular structure such as a square, a rectangle, an open ring and the like, and the periodic structure can localize electromagnetic waves in the conductive periodic structure to generate microwaves with resonance absorption of 5-20 GHZ. The second transparent conductive film material is indium tin oxide or zinc aluminum oxide, the square resistance value is 20-26 omega/sq, the thickness is 150-200nm, and the square resistance value conductive film of the parameter is combined with a designed microwave resonance absorption structure to realize wide-spectrum microwave absorption.

The electromagnetic reflection film 13 of the present invention is a complete third transparent conductive film deposited on the inner surface of the inner layer glass 2 to reflect microwaves and infrared radiation. The third transparent conductive film material is indium tin oxide or zinc aluminum oxide, the square resistance value is 8-15 omega/sq, the thickness is 200-250nm, the conductive film with the parameter value can efficiently reflect the microwave, and the microwave dissipation capability of the microwave resonance structure is improved.

The window glass of the invention, the outer layer glass 1 and the inner layer glass 2 are any one of quartz glass, organic glass, polyethylene and polypropylene with high visible light transmittance, and the dielectric constant is 2.45-3.8.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the outer glass 1 has a thickness of 2.6 to 3mm and a dielectric constant of 2.45 to 3.8. The thickness of the vacuum layer 3 is 2.2-2.6 mm.

The window glass integrates the transparent supporting structure and the compatible stealth function, can realize wide-spectrum efficient microwave absorption and low infrared emissivity based on the window glass, can cover the microwave absorption range of 5-20GHz, and has the absorption efficiency of more than 0.9. The infrared emissivity of the glass surface is as low as 0.23, so that the heat radiation quantity of the target can be obviously reduced, and the probability of detection is reduced. In addition, the visible light transmittance of the window glass is more than 60 percent.

The electromagnetic reflection film 13 of the window glass can efficiently reflect infrared radiation, and the vacuum layer 3 in the window structure can reduce heat transfer, so that heat exchange inside and outside the window can be prevented, and a certain heat insulation effect is achieved. Meanwhile, when a vacuum layer is arranged, the conduction of internal heat to the surface of the window glass can be effectively reduced, and the surface temperature of the window is further reduced.

The vacuum layer in the window glass structure can realize the functions of sound insulation and noise reduction.

The outer layer glass 1 of the window glass can realize the high-efficiency absorption of external radar waves, and the inner layer glass 2 can effectively attenuate or reflect the electromagnetic wave radiation of electronic components in a cabin, so that the radar stealth is realized to the greatest extent.

Two examples are given below to illustrate the glazing of the invention in detail.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1, quartz glass is used for the outer layer glass 1 and the inner layer glass 2 in the present embodiment, and both have a dielectric constant of 3.75. Wherein the thickness of the outer layer glass 1 is 3mm, the thickness of the inner layer glass 2 is 1.5mm, and the thickness of the vacuum layer is 2.7 mm. The microwave frequency selective surface structure array 11 and the microwave resonance structure array are respectively prepared on the outer surface and the inner surface of the outer layer glass 1 through a photoetching process and a wet etching process. As shown in fig. 6, the average transmittance of visible light of the window ratio in the present embodiment is higher than 60%.

In the present embodiment, the microwave frequency selective surface structure array is arranged as shown in fig. 2, and the structure is a square array. Wherein the structural parameter g1 is 0.1 and w is 0.45. The structural array can ensure that the microwave transmittance of 5-20GHZ is more than 98 percent. The transparent film material is selected from Indium Tin Oxide (ITO), the square resistance value is 8 omega/sq, and the film thickness is 200 nm. The infrared emissivity was measured by an infrared camera (model PI640Optris Inc) having a spectral range of 7.5 to 13 μm, and the measured value was 0.1, and the infrared spectral measurement result is shown in fig. 7. The calculated absorbance from transmittance and reflectance was 0.1, which is consistent with the measured emissivity. The theoretical calculated infrared emissivity of the outer surface of the outer ply of glass is 0.234. The surface emissivity of the outer surface of the outer layer of glass is measured to be 0.24, and the experimental value is consistent with the calculated value. The infrared stealth effect is shown in fig. 8.

In the present embodiment, the microwave resonance absorption structure array 12 is configured as shown in fig. 3, and the array period is 5mm, the second transparent conductive thin film material is Indium Tin Oxide (ITO), and the square resistance value is 22.5 Ω/sq, the film thickness is 200nm, l1 is 4.2mm, l2 is 4.7mm, l3 is 2.4mm, w1 is 1mm, and w2 is 0.9 mm. Fig. 9 and 10 are measurement results of microwave absorptance when incident angles of vertical polarization (TE) and horizontal polarization (TM) are changed from 8 degrees to 45 degrees, respectively. As can be seen from the figure, the absorption efficiency at normal incidence is greater than 90% in the range of 5-20GHz, and the absorption efficiency at oblique incidence within 30 ℃ is greater than 80%.

In the embodiment, the vacuum layer in the structure brings the functions of heat insulation and sound insulation and noise reduction to the window glass, wherein the heat insulation performance is shown in fig. 11, the temperature of the bottom surface of the inner layer glass 2 is changed from 300K to 400K, the temperature of the outer surface of the outer layer glass 1 is respectively shown by a solid line and a dotted line in the two cases of no vacuum layer and the vacuum layer, and the surface temperature of the window glass can be effectively reduced in the presence of the vacuum layer. The measurement results of the sound insulation and noise reduction experiment are shown in fig. 12, and it can be seen that the sound insulation and noise reduction can be well realized by a structural system with glass/vacuum layer/glass, and the noise reduction can be between 40dB and 80 dB.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 1, the outer layer glass 1 and the inner layer glass 2 in the present embodiment are made of organic glass, and both have a dielectric constant of 2.45. Wherein the thickness of the outer layer glass 1 is 2.8mm, the thickness of the inner layer glass 2 is 1.5mm, and the thickness of the vacuum layer is 2.6 mm. The microwave frequency selective surface structure array 11 and the microwave resonance structure array are respectively prepared on the outer surface and the inner surface of the outer layer glass 1 by laser etching.

In this embodiment, the array of microwave frequency selective surface structures is arranged as shown in fig. 4, and the structure is a regular hexagonal array. The structural parameter g2 is 0.008 and d is 0.2. The structural array can ensure that the microwave transmittance of 5-20GHZ is more than 98 percent. The transparent film material is selected from Indium Tin Oxide (ITO), the square resistance value is 8 omega/sq, and the film thickness is 200 nm. The infrared emissivity is 0.1.

In the present embodiment, the microwave resonance absorption structure array 12 is configured as shown in fig. 5, and the array period is 5mm, the second transparent conductive thin film material is Indium Tin Oxide (ITO), and the square resistance value is 22.5 Ω/sq, the film thickness is 200nm, l4 is 4.6mm, l0 is 4.9mm, w4 is 1mm, and w5 is 1.2 mm. Fig. 13 and 14 are measurement results of microwave absorptance when incident angles of vertical polarization (TE) and horizontal polarization (TM) are changed from 8 degrees to 45 degrees, respectively. As can be seen from the figure, the absorption efficiency at normal incidence is greater than 93% in the range of 5-20GHz, and the absorption efficiency at oblique incidence within 30 ℃ is greater than 90%.

The above description is only one embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and it is apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.