阅读说明：本技术 一种医用轮椅 (Medical wheelchair ) 是由 王维杰 陈晨松 孙海婷 于 2021-09-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本申请公开了一种医用轮椅,包括轮椅本体、前轮、后轮以及用于推动后轮转动的驱动机构；驱动机构包括第一棘轮、第二棘轮、驱动棘爪、扭簧、固定轴、套筒以及推杆；第一棘轮同轴设置于后轮上,固定轴的一端同轴设置于第一棘轮上偏离后轮的一端,第二棘轮同轴设置于固定轴的另一端；套筒同轴可转动地设置于固定轴的中部,套筒上径向凸出有圆环套；推杆的下端可轴向活动地且可转动地设置于圆环套内,推杆的外壁径向凸出有第一安装部,第一安装部位于圆环套的上方,且第一安装部上偏离推杆的一端设有安装孔；驱动棘爪可转动地设置于第一安装部的外端,扭簧设置于安装孔内。该医用轮椅使用方便,操作简单,且手动驱动时更加省力。(The application discloses a medical wheelchair, which comprises a wheelchair body, front wheels, rear wheels and a driving mechanism for pushing the rear wheels to rotate; the driving mechanism comprises a first ratchet wheel, a second ratchet wheel, a driving pawl, a torsion spring, a fixed shaft, a sleeve and a push rod; the first ratchet wheel is coaxially arranged on the rear wheel, one end of the fixed shaft is coaxially arranged on one end of the first ratchet wheel deviated from the rear wheel, and the second ratchet wheel is coaxially arranged on the other end of the fixed shaft; the sleeve is coaxially and rotatably arranged in the middle of the fixed shaft, and a circular ring sleeve radially protrudes from the sleeve; the lower end of the push rod is axially movably and rotatably arranged in the annular sleeve, a first mounting part is radially protruded on the outer wall of the push rod and positioned above the annular sleeve, and a mounting hole is formed in one end, deviating from the push rod, of the first mounting part; the drive pawl rotationally sets up in the outer end of first installation department, and the torsional spring sets up in the mounting hole. The medical wheelchair is convenient to use, simple to operate and more labor-saving during manual driving.)

1. A medical wheelchair comprises a wheelchair body, a front wheel rotatably arranged on the wheelchair body, a rear wheel rotatably arranged on the wheelchair body and a driving mechanism for pushing the rear wheel to rotate; the device is characterized in that the driving mechanism comprises a first ratchet wheel, a second ratchet wheel, a driving pawl, a torsion spring, a fixed shaft, a sleeve and a push rod; the first ratchet wheel is coaxially arranged on the rear wheel, one end of the fixed shaft is coaxially arranged on the first ratchet wheel and deviates from one end of the rear wheel, and the second ratchet wheel is coaxially arranged on the other end of the fixed shaft; the sleeve is coaxially and rotatably arranged in the middle of the fixed shaft, and a circular ring sleeve radially protrudes from the sleeve; the lower end of the push rod is axially movably and rotatably arranged in the annular sleeve, a first mounting part is radially protruded on the outer wall of the push rod and is positioned above the annular sleeve, and a mounting hole is formed in one end, deviating from the push rod, of the first mounting part; the driving pawl is rotatably arranged at the outer end of the first mounting part, and the torsion spring is arranged in the mounting hole;

when the push rod is pulled upwards along the axial direction of the annular sleeve and is rotated to enable the driving pawl to move to the position right above the first ratchet wheel, and then the push rod is pushed downwards along the axial direction of the annular sleeve, the torsion spring can force the driving pawl to be meshed with the first ratchet wheel, and at the moment, the push rod is shaken to enable the push rod to rotate around the axis of the fixed shaft in a reciprocating manner, so that the rear wheel is forced to rotate forwards;

when the push rod is pulled upwards along the axial direction of the annular sleeve and is rotated to enable the driving pawl to move to the position right above the second ratchet wheel, and then the push rod is pushed downwards along the axial direction of the annular sleeve, the torsion spring can force the driving pawl to be meshed with the second ratchet wheel, at the moment, the push rod is shaken to enable the push rod to rotate around the axis of the fixed shaft in a reciprocating mode, and the rear wheel is forced to rotate in the reverse direction.

2. The medical wheelchair of claim 1 wherein the drive mechanism further comprises a locking member and two locking pawls; two second mounting parts are radially protruded on the outer wall of the push rod, the two locking pawls are respectively arranged at the outer ends of the two second mounting parts, and the two locking pawls are in axial symmetry relation with the axis of the annular sleeve;

when the push rod is pulled upwards along the axial direction of the circular ring sleeve and is rotated to enable the two locking pawls to move to positions right above the first ratchet wheel and the second ratchet wheel respectively, and then the push rod is pushed downwards along the axial direction of the circular ring sleeve, the two locking pawls are clamped on the first ratchet wheel and the second ratchet wheel respectively, the push rod is locked through the locking piece arranged on the wheelchair body at the moment, so that the push rod is limited to rotate around the axis of the fixed shaft, and the rotation of the rear wheel is limited.

3. The medical wheelchair as claimed in claim 2, wherein the driving mechanism further comprises a spring, a sealing cover and a stopper of cylindrical structure; the limiting block is arranged at the lower end of the push rod and can be axially slidably and rotatably arranged in the circular sleeve; the sealing cover is suitable for being detachably arranged at one end, deviating from the sleeve, of the circular ring sleeve, a yielding hole is formed in the sealing cover in a penetrating mode, and the push rod can be axially slidably and rotatably arranged in the yielding hole; the spring is arranged in the sleeve and used for forcing the limiting block to slide towards the direction close to the sleeve.

4. The medical wheelchair as claimed in claim 3, wherein a protruding ring extends from a lower end of the sealing cover, and the protruding ring is screwed to an inner annular surface of the annular sleeve; the spring is sleeved on the push rod, and the upper end and the lower end of the spring are respectively contacted with the convex ring and the limiting block.

5. The medical wheelchair as claimed in claim 3, wherein a positioning chute penetrates through the outer wall of the annular sleeve, the positioning chute comprises three vertical slots and two horizontal slots, and the three vertical slots and the two horizontal slots are alternately connected to form an m-shaped structure; the driving mechanism further comprises a positioning rod, one end of the positioning rod is radially arranged on the limiting block, and the other end of the positioning rod is slidably arranged in the vertical groove and the horizontal groove;

when the positioning rod is positioned at the lower end of the middle vertical groove, the two locking pawls are respectively clamped on the first ratchet wheel and the second ratchet wheel; when the positioning rod slides from the middle vertical groove to the lower end of the left vertical groove, the driving pawl is engaged with the first ratchet wheel or the second ratchet wheel, and correspondingly, when the positioning rod slides from the middle vertical groove to the lower end of the right vertical groove, the driving pawl is engaged with the second ratchet wheel or the first ratchet wheel.

6. The medical wheelchair as claimed in claim 2, wherein the locker comprises a fixing bar and a catch of a major arc structure; an extension part protrudes outwards in the radial direction in the middle of the buckle, the extension part is hinged to one end of the fixed rod, and the other end of the fixed rod is arranged on the wheelchair body; when the extending part is rotated to enable the buckle to be clamped on the push rod, the push rod is limited to rotate around the axis of the fixed shaft; when the extending part is rotated, the buckle is separated from the push rod, so that the interference of the buckle and the fixed rod to the shaking of the push rod can be avoided.

7. The medical wheelchair as claimed in claim 6, wherein a handle is provided on an outer circumferential surface of the buckle; a supporting part extends from one end of the fixed rod deviating from the wheelchair body; when the buckle is clamped on the push rod, the supporting part is supported at the lower end of the extending part, so that the extending part is limited to continue to rotate downwards.

8. The medical wheelchair as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the driving mechanism further comprises a limit plate and a locking screw; an extension rod protrudes from the part, facing the mounting hole, of the driving pawl, and a mounting groove is formed in one end, deviating from the driving pawl, of the extension rod; a limiting groove with a fan-shaped structure is arranged in the mounting hole; the limiting plate is arranged in the mounting groove, the end part of the limiting plate radially extends to the outside of the extension rod, and the end part of the limiting plate is slidably arranged in the limiting groove; a shaft hole penetrating through the extension rod is formed in the surface, deviating from the mounting hole, of the driving pawl, and a threaded hole which is coaxial with the limiting groove is formed in the mounting hole; the locking screw comprises a big head end, a threaded end and a cylindrical section arranged between the big head end and the threaded end; the cylindrical section is rotatably arranged in the shaft hole, and the threaded end is in threaded connection with the threaded hole; the torsion spring is sleeved on the extension rod, one end of the torsion spring is fixed on the driving pawl, and the other end of the torsion spring is fixed in the mounting hole.

9. The medical wheelchair as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the wheelchair body is provided with an installation shaft arranged coaxially with the fixed shaft, and the axle center of the rear wheel is provided with a fixing hole therethrough, the fixing hole being rotatably provided on the installation shaft; a through hole axially penetrates through the fixed shaft; the driving mechanism further comprises a protective cover, and the protective cover comprises an inner cover body and an outer cover body; the inner cover body is coaxially arranged between the first ratchet wheel and the rear wheel; the outer cover body is positioned on one side of the fixed shaft deviating from the mounting shaft, a supporting rod protrudes from the surface of the outer cover body facing the fixed shaft, and one end of the supporting rod deviating from the outer cover body penetrates through the through hole and then is connected with the mounting shaft; the outer cover body wrap up in the outside of the inner cover body, the outer cover body with leave the clearance between the inner cover body, just be equipped with on the outer cover body and be used for avoiding right the push rod produces the groove of stepping down of interfering.

10. The medical wheelchair as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a bearing is provided between the sleeve and the fixed shaft, and a limit region for limiting axial displacement of the bearing is formed between the first ratchet and the second ratchet; the push rod is of a telescopic structure, and an anti-slip sleeve is arranged at the upper end of the push rod; the medical wheelchair further comprises two mud blocking covers arranged on the wheelchair body, and the two mud blocking covers are respectively covered on the two rear wheels.

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of wheelchairs, in particular to a medical wheelchair.

Background

Medical wheelchairs are chairs equipped with wheels to help replace walking, and are classified into electric wheelchairs and manual wheelchairs. The wheelchair is an important mobile tool for home rehabilitation, turnover transportation, treatment and outgoing activities of wounded persons, patients and disabled persons, not only meets the requirements of physically disabled persons and persons with mobility disabilities for riding instead of walk, but also is more important to facilitate the family members to move and take care of the patients, so that the patients can do physical exercises and participate in social activities by means of the wheelchair.

In the prior art, because the electric wheelchair has high manufacturing cost, when a patient is hard to bear, a manually driven wheelchair is often selected. In the existing manually-driven wheelchair, a hand-push wheel is usually arranged on a rear wheel of the wheelchair, and when the wheelchair is used, a patient needs to push the hand-push wheel by using a hand arm to drive the wheelchair to move forwards or backwards. However, such a manual driving method generally requires a large force to move the wheelchair, and after a long-term use, a patient easily strains or strains muscles of the shoulder, waist, chest, and the like, thereby causing diseases such as scapulohumeral periarthritis, cervical spondylosis, and lumbar disc herniation. In addition, the brake system arranged on the existing manual-driven wheelchair needs to continuously hold the brake handle by hands when in use, and is extremely inconvenient to use.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of this application is to provide a convenient to use, easy operation, more laborsaving during manual drive, and brake convenient to use's medical wheelchair.

In order to achieve the above purposes, the technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows: a medical wheelchair comprises a wheelchair body, a front wheel rotatably arranged on the wheelchair body, a rear wheel rotatably arranged on the wheelchair body and a driving mechanism for pushing the rear wheel to rotate; the driving mechanism comprises a first ratchet wheel, a second ratchet wheel, a driving pawl, a torsion spring, a fixed shaft, a sleeve and a push rod; the first ratchet wheel is coaxially arranged on the rear wheel, one end of the fixed shaft is coaxially arranged on the first ratchet wheel and deviates from one end of the rear wheel, and the second ratchet wheel is coaxially arranged on the other end of the fixed shaft; the sleeve is coaxially and rotatably arranged in the middle of the fixed shaft, and a circular ring sleeve radially protrudes from the sleeve; the lower end of the push rod is axially movably and rotatably arranged in the annular sleeve, a first mounting part is radially protruded on the outer wall of the push rod and is positioned above the annular sleeve, and a mounting hole is formed in one end, deviating from the push rod, of the first mounting part; the drive pawl rotationally set up in the outer end of first installation department, the torsional spring set up in the mounting hole.

When the push rod is pulled upwards along the axial direction of the annular sleeve and is rotated to enable the driving pawl to move to the position right above the first ratchet wheel, and then the push rod is pushed downwards along the axial direction of the annular sleeve, the torsion spring can force the driving pawl to be meshed with the first ratchet wheel, at the moment, the push rod is shaken to enable the push rod to rotate around the axis of the fixed shaft in a reciprocating mode, and the rear wheel is forced to rotate in the forward direction.

When the push rod is pulled upwards along the axial direction of the annular sleeve and is rotated to enable the driving pawl to move to the position right above the second ratchet wheel, and then the push rod is pushed downwards along the axial direction of the annular sleeve, the torsion spring can force the driving pawl to be meshed with the second ratchet wheel, at the moment, the push rod is shaken to enable the push rod to rotate around the axis of the fixed shaft in a reciprocating mode, and the rear wheel is forced to rotate in the reverse direction.

Preferably, the driving mechanism further comprises a locking member and two locking pawls; two second mounting parts are radially protruded on the outer wall of the push rod, the two locking pawls are respectively arranged at the outer ends of the two second mounting parts, and the two locking pawls are in axial symmetry relation with the axis of the annular sleeve; when the push rod is pulled upwards along the axial direction of the circular ring sleeve and is rotated to enable the two locking pawls to move to positions right above the first ratchet wheel and the second ratchet wheel respectively, and then the push rod is pushed downwards along the axial direction of the circular ring sleeve, the two locking pawls are clamped on the first ratchet wheel and the second ratchet wheel respectively, the push rod is locked through the locking piece arranged on the wheelchair body at the moment, so that the push rod is limited to rotate around the axis of the fixed shaft, and the rotation of the rear wheel is limited.

Preferably, the driving mechanism further comprises a spring, a sealing cover and a limiting block with a cylindrical structure; the limiting block is arranged at the lower end of the push rod and can be axially slidably and rotatably arranged in the circular sleeve; the sealing cover is suitable for being detachably arranged at one end, deviating from the sleeve, of the circular ring sleeve, a yielding hole is formed in the sealing cover in a penetrating mode, and the push rod can be axially slidably and rotatably arranged in the yielding hole; the spring is arranged in the sleeve and used for forcing the limiting block to slide towards the direction close to the sleeve.

Preferably, a convex ring extends from the lower end of the sealing cover, and the convex ring is in threaded connection with the inner annular surface of the annular sleeve; the spring is sleeved on the push rod, and the upper end and the lower end of the spring are respectively contacted with the convex ring and the limiting block.

Preferably, a positioning chute penetrates through the outer wall of the circular ring sleeve, the positioning chute comprises three vertical grooves and two horizontal grooves, and the three vertical grooves and the two horizontal grooves are alternately connected to form an m-shaped structure; the driving mechanism further comprises a positioning rod, one end of the positioning rod is radially arranged on the limiting block, and the other end of the positioning rod is slidably arranged in the vertical groove and the horizontal groove; when the positioning rod is positioned at the lower end of the middle vertical groove, the two locking pawls are respectively clamped on the first ratchet wheel and the second ratchet wheel; when the positioning rod slides from the middle vertical groove to the lower end of the left vertical groove, the driving pawl is engaged with the first ratchet wheel or the second ratchet wheel, and correspondingly, when the positioning rod slides from the middle vertical groove to the lower end of the right vertical groove, the driving pawl is engaged with the second ratchet wheel or the first ratchet wheel.

Preferably, the locking piece comprises a fixing rod and a buckle with a U-shaped structure; an extension part protrudes outwards in the radial direction in the middle of the buckle, the extension part is hinged to one end of the fixed rod, and the other end of the fixed rod is arranged on the wheelchair body; when the extending part is rotated to enable the buckle to be clamped on the push rod, the push rod is limited to rotate around the axis of the fixed shaft; when the extending part is rotated, the buckle is separated from the push rod, so that the interference of the buckle and the fixed rod to the shaking of the push rod can be avoided.

Preferably, a handle is arranged on the outer annular surface of the buckle; a supporting part extends from one end of the fixed rod deviating from the wheelchair body; when the buckle is clamped on the push rod, the supporting part is supported at the lower end of the extending part, so that the extending part is limited to continue to rotate downwards.

Preferably, the driving mechanism further comprises a limiting plate and a locking screw; an extension rod protrudes from the part, facing the mounting hole, of the driving pawl, and a mounting groove is formed in one end, deviating from the driving pawl, of the extension rod; a limiting groove with a fan-shaped structure is arranged in the mounting hole; the limiting plate is arranged in the mounting groove, the end part of the limiting plate radially extends to the outside of the extension rod, and the end part of the limiting plate is slidably arranged in the limiting groove; a shaft hole penetrating through the extension rod is formed in the surface, deviating from the mounting hole, of the driving pawl, and a threaded hole which is coaxial with the limiting groove is formed in the mounting hole; the locking screw comprises a big head end, a threaded end and a cylindrical section arranged between the big head end and the threaded end; the cylindrical section is rotatably arranged in the shaft hole, and the threaded end is in threaded connection with the threaded hole; the torsion spring is sleeved on the extension rod, one end of the torsion spring is fixed on the driving pawl, and the other end of the torsion spring is fixed in the mounting hole.

Preferably, the wheelchair body is provided with an installation shaft which is coaxial with the fixed shaft, the axle center of the rear wheel is provided with a fixing hole in a penetrating manner, and the fixing hole is rotatably arranged on the installation shaft; a through hole axially penetrates through the fixed shaft; the driving mechanism further comprises a protective cover, and the protective cover comprises an inner cover body and an outer cover body; the inner cover body is coaxially arranged between the first ratchet wheel and the rear wheel; the outer cover body is positioned on one side of the fixed shaft deviating from the mounting shaft, a supporting rod protrudes from the surface of the outer cover body facing the fixed shaft, and one end of the supporting rod deviating from the outer cover body penetrates through the through hole and then is connected with the mounting shaft; the outer cover body wrap up in the outside of the inner cover body, the outer cover body with leave the clearance between the inner cover body, just be equipped with on the outer cover body and be used for avoiding right the push rod produces the groove of stepping down of interfering.

Preferably, a bearing is arranged between the sleeve and the fixed shaft, and a limit area for limiting the axial displacement of the bearing is formed between the first ratchet wheel and the second ratchet wheel; the push rod is of a telescopic structure, and an anti-slip sleeve is arranged at the upper end of the push rod; the medical wheelchair further comprises two mud blocking covers arranged on the wheelchair body, and the two mud blocking covers are respectively covered on the two rear wheels.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of this application lies in: (1) when the rear wheel driving device is used, the push rod is pulled upwards along the axial direction of the annular sleeve, the push rod is rotated to enable the driving pawl to move to the position right above the first ratchet wheel, and then the push rod is pushed downwards along the axial direction of the annular sleeve, the torsion spring can force the driving pawl to be meshed with the first ratchet wheel, at the moment, the push rod is shaken, the push rod rotates around the axis of the fixed shaft in a reciprocating mode, and the rear wheel can be forced to rotate forwards. Similarly, the push rod is pulled upwards along the axial direction of the annular sleeve, the push rod is rotated to enable the driving pawl to move to the position right above the second ratchet wheel, and then the push rod is pushed downwards along the axial direction of the annular sleeve, the torsion spring can force the driving pawl to be meshed with the second ratchet wheel, and at the moment, the push rod is shaken to enable the push rod to rotate around the axis of the fixed shaft in a reciprocating mode, so that the rear wheel can be forced to rotate reversely. In conclusion, the push rod is driven in a shaking mode, so that the rear wheel can be driven to rotate forwards or backwards, and the wheelchair body can move forwards or backwards; simultaneously, compare with traditional hand push wheel, this drive mode of shaking formula easy operation, it is laborsaving, be favorable to reducing patient's the operation degree of difficulty.

(2) Under the action of the locking piece and the two locking pawls, when the wheelchair needs to stop advancing or retreating, the push rod can be pulled upwards along the axial direction of the circular sleeve, the push rod is rotated to enable the two locking pawls to respectively move to positions right above the first ratchet wheel and the second ratchet wheel, and then the push rod is pushed downwards along the axial direction of the circular sleeve, the two locking pawls can be respectively clamped on the first ratchet wheel and the second ratchet wheel, at the moment, the push rod is locked through the locking piece arranged on the wheelchair body to limit the push rod to rotate around the axis of the fixed shaft, so that the rotation of the rear wheel is limited, and the locking function is realized; compared with the traditional braking mode, the locking mode is simpler and more convenient to operate.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a medical wheelchair according to the present application.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of fig. 1 at I, showing the unlocked state of the retaining member.

Fig. 3 is a locking state diagram of the locking member in fig. 2 provided by the present application.

FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the locking member of FIG. 2 provided herein.

Fig. 5 is an exploded view of the wheelchair for chinese medicine of fig. 1 provided in the present application.

Fig. 6 is an exploded view of the drive mechanism of fig. 5 provided herein.

Fig. 7 is an exploded view of a portion of the structure of fig. 6 provided herein.

Fig. 8 is an enlarged view of a portion of the structure of fig. 7 provided herein.

Fig. 9 is an exploded view of the structures of fig. 8 provided in the present application.

Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the structure of fig. 1 provided herein.

Fig. 11 is a partial enlarged view at II in fig. 10 provided herein.

Fig. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the structures of fig. 8 provided herein.

Fig. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the first mounting portion of fig. 8 provided herein.

Fig. 14-17 are functional diagrams of the drive mechanism provided herein.

Fig. 18 is an enlarged view of a portion of fig. 16 at III provided herein.

Fig. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of a telescopic push rod provided in the present application.

In the figure: 1. a wheelchair body; 11. installing a shaft; 2. a front wheel; 3. a rear wheel; 31. a fixing hole; 4. a drive mechanism; 400. a shaft shoulder structure; 401. a first ratchet wheel; 402. a second ratchet wheel; 4021. opening a hole; 403. a drive pawl; 4031. an extension rod; 4032. mounting grooves; 4033. a shaft hole; 404. a torsion spring; 405. a fixed shaft; 4051. a through hole; 406. a sleeve; 4061. a circular ring sleeve; 4062. positioning the chute; 407. a push rod; 4071. a first mounting portion; 4072. a second mounting portion; 4073. mounting holes; 4074. a limiting groove; 4075. a threaded hole; 4076. an anti-slip sleeve; 4077. an inner rod body; 4078. an outer rod body; 4079. a set screw; 408. a locking member; 4081. fixing the rod; 4082. a support portion; 4083. buckling; 4084. an extension portion; 4085. a handle; 4086. riveting; 4087. a rubber sleeve; 409. locking the pawl; 410. a spring; 411. a sealing cover; 4111. a hole of abdication; 4112. a convex ring; 412. a limiting block; 413. positioning a rod; 414. a limiting plate; 415. locking the screw; 416. a protective cover; 4161. an inner cover body; 4162. an outer cover body; 4163. a support bar; 4164. a yielding groove; 417. installing a bolt; 418. mounting screws; 419. locking the bolt; 5. a mud guard cover; 6. and a bearing.

Detailed Description

The present application is further described below with reference to specific embodiments, and it should be noted that, without conflict, any combination between the embodiments or technical features described below may form a new embodiment.

In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, for the terms of orientation, such as "central", "lateral", "longitudinal", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., it indicates that the orientation and positional relationship shown in the drawings are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, but does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be construed as limiting the specific scope of protection of the present application.

It is noted that the terms first, second and the like in the description and in the claims of the present application are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order.

The terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, in the description and claims of this application, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 5 to 8, one embodiment of the present application provides a medical wheelchair, which includes a wheelchair body 1, a front wheel 2 rotatably disposed on the wheelchair body 1, a rear wheel 3 rotatably disposed on the wheelchair body 1, and a driving mechanism 4 for driving the rear wheel 3 to rotate; the drive mechanism 4 includes a first ratchet wheel 401, a second ratchet wheel 402, a drive pawl 403, a torsion spring 404, a fixed shaft 405, a sleeve 406, and a push rod 407; the first ratchet wheel 401 is coaxially arranged on the rear wheel 3, one end of the fixed shaft 405 is coaxially arranged on one end of the first ratchet wheel 401 deviating from the rear wheel 3, and the second ratchet wheel 402 is coaxially arranged on the other end of the fixed shaft 405; the sleeve 406 is coaxially and rotatably arranged in the middle of the fixed shaft 405, and a circular sleeve 4061 radially protrudes from the sleeve 406; the lower end of the push rod 407 is axially movably and rotatably arranged in the annular sleeve 4061, a first mounting portion 4071 is radially protruded on the outer wall of the push rod 407, the first mounting portion 4071 is located above the annular sleeve 4061, and a mounting hole 4073 is formed in one end, deviating from the push rod 407, of the first mounting portion 4071; the driving pawl 403 is rotatably disposed at an outer end of the first mounting portion 4071 and the torsion spring 404 is disposed within the mounting hole 4073.

When the wheelchair works, the push rod 407 is pulled upwards along the axial direction of the circular ring sleeve 4061, the push rod 407 is rotated to enable the driving pawl 403 to move to the position right above the first ratchet wheel 401, and then the push rod 407 is pushed downwards along the axial direction of the circular ring sleeve 4061, the torsion spring 404 forces the driving pawl 403 to be meshed with the first ratchet wheel 401, at the moment, the push rod 407 is shaken to enable the push rod 407 to rotate around the axis of the fixed shaft 405 in a reciprocating mode, the rear wheel 3 is forced to rotate in the forward direction, and therefore the wheelchair body 1 can be driven to move forwards. Similarly, the push rod 407 is pulled up along the axial direction of the circular sleeve 4061, and the push rod 407 is rotated to move the driving pawl 403 to the position right above the second ratchet wheel 402, and then the push rod 407 is pushed down along the axial direction of the circular sleeve 4061, the torsion spring 404 forces the driving pawl 403 to engage with the second ratchet wheel 402, and at this time, the push rod 407 is shaken to make the push rod 407 rotate around the axis of the fixed shaft 405 in a reciprocating manner, so that the rear wheel 3 is forced to rotate in the reverse direction, and the wheelchair body 1 can be driven to retreat.

Referring to fig. 1-9, in this embodiment, the drive mechanism 4 further includes a locking member 408 and two locking pawls 409; two second mounting portions 4072 (shown in fig. 8) are radially projected from the outer wall of the push rod 407, two locking pawls 409 are respectively disposed at the outer ends of the two second mounting portions 4072, and the two locking pawls 409 are in axial symmetry with respect to the axis of the circular sleeve 4061; when the push rod 407 is pulled up along the axial direction of the circular sleeve 4061, and the push rod 407 is rotated to make the two locking pawls 409 move to positions right above the first ratchet wheel 401 and the second ratchet wheel 402, respectively, and then the push rod 407 is pushed down along the axial direction of the circular sleeve 4061, the two locking pawls 409 are clamped on the first ratchet wheel 401 and the second ratchet wheel 402, respectively, at this time, the push rod 407 is locked by the locking member 408 arranged on the wheelchair body 1 to limit the push rod 407 to rotate around the axis of the fixed shaft 405, so as to limit the rotation of the rear wheel 3, and thus the movement of the wheelchair body 1 can be limited.

The application is not limited to the specific configuration of the retaining member 408, and reference is made to the following configuration which provides only one: as shown in fig. 1-4, the locking member 408 includes a retaining bar 4081 and a catch 4083 having a curved configuration; an extension part 4084 protrudes radially outwards from the middle part of the buckle 4083, the extension part 4084 is hinged to one end of a fixing rod 4081, and the other end of the fixing rod 4081 is arranged on the wheelchair body 1; when the extending portion 4084 is rotated to make the buckle 4083 snap-fit onto the push rod 407 (as shown in fig. 3), the push rod 407 is restricted from rotating around the axis of the fixed shaft 405; when the extension portion 4084 is rotated to separate the catch 4083 from the push rod 407 (as shown in FIG. 2), the catch 4083 and the fixing rod 4081 are prevented from interfering with the rocking push rod 407. To facilitate the rotational operation of the extension portion 4084, a handle 4085 is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the catch 4083. In addition, a support portion 4082 is extended from one end of the fixing lever 4081 away from the wheelchair body 1; when the clip 4083 is clipped on the push rod 407, the supporting portion 4082 is supported on the lower end of the extending portion 4084, so as to limit the extending portion 4084 from rotating downward. After the supporting portion 4082 is provided, when the push rod 407 needs to be locked, only the handle 4085 needs to be turned downwards, and the extending portion 4084 is released after contacting the supporting portion 4082; otherwise, when the force is excessive, the catch 4083 is easily moved to below the fixing lever 4081, and thus the locking needs to be performed again. Further, the hinge connection between the extension 4084 and the fixing rod 4081 may be achieved using a rivet 4086; further, the rivet 4086 is sleeved with the rubber sleeve 4087, so that the rotation resistance of the extension portion 4084 is increased, and in the unlocking state, the buckle 4083 can be always maintained at the position shown in fig. 2, so that interference to the movement of the push rod 407 due to shaking of the buckle 4083 can be avoided.

Referring to fig. 8, 9 and 12, in the present embodiment, the driving mechanism 4 further includes a spring 410, a sealing cover 411 and a limiting block 412 with a cylindrical structure; the limiting block 412 is arranged at the lower end of the push rod 407, and the limiting block 412 is axially slidably and rotatably arranged in the circular ring sleeve 4061; the sealing cover 411 is suitable for being detachably arranged at one end, deviating from the sleeve 406, of the circular ring sleeve 4061, a yielding hole 4111 penetrates through the sealing cover 411, and the push rod 407 is axially slidably and rotatably arranged in the yielding hole 4111; the spring 410 is disposed in the sleeve 406, and the spring 410 is used to force the stopper 412 to slide toward the sleeve 406. In the using process, after the push rod 407 is pulled up along the axial direction of the circular ring sleeve 4061, the limiting block 412 forces the spring 410 to generate elastic deformation; when the push rod 407 is released, the push rod 407 automatically resets downwards under the action of the spring 410; meanwhile, the yielding hole 4111 has a limiting effect on the push rod 407, and the circular ring sleeve 4061 has a limiting effect on the limiting block 412, so that the axial sliding precision of the push rod 407 is improved.

Referring to fig. 12, in the present embodiment, a protruding ring 4112 extends from the lower end of the seal cover 411, and the protruding ring 4112 is screwed to the inner annular surface of the annular sleeve 4061; the spring 410 is sleeved on the push rod 407, and the upper end and the lower end of the spring 410 are respectively contacted with the convex ring 4112 and the limit block 412. Through the threaded connection between the inner annular surfaces of the convex ring 4112 and the circular ring sleeve 4061, the detachable installation of the sealing cover 411 can be realized. Meanwhile, the lower end of the protruding ring 4112 contacts the spring 410, so that the spring 410 does not need to be separately fixed; moreover, the length of the convex ring 4112 entering the circular ring sleeve 4061 can be adjusted by rotating the sealing cover 411, so that the initial compression amount of the spring 410 can be adjusted, and the initial pressure of the spring 410 on the limiting block 412 can be adjusted.

Referring to fig. 8, in this embodiment, a positioning sliding groove 4062 is penetratingly disposed on an outer wall of the circular sleeve 4061, the positioning sliding groove 4062 includes three vertical grooves and two horizontal grooves, and the three vertical grooves and the two horizontal grooves are alternately connected to form an m-shaped structure; the driving mechanism 4 further comprises a positioning rod 413, one end of the positioning rod 413 is radially arranged on the limiting block 412, and the other end of the positioning rod 413 is slidably arranged in the vertical groove and the horizontal groove; when the positioning rod 413 is positioned at the lower end of the middle vertical groove, the two locking pawls 409 are respectively clamped on the first ratchet wheel 401 and the second ratchet wheel 402; when the positioning lever 413 slides from the middle vertical groove to the lower end of the left vertical groove, the driving pawl 403 engages with the first ratchet wheel 401 (or the second ratchet wheel 402), and correspondingly, when the positioning lever 413 slides from the middle vertical groove to the lower end of the right vertical groove, the driving pawl 403 engages with the second ratchet wheel 402 (or the first ratchet wheel 401). Through the spacing cooperation between location spout 4062 and the locating lever 413 to reduce the degree of difficulty of rotating operation push rod 407, specifically speaking, when locating lever 413 is located the lower extreme of three vertical grooves respectively, correspond following three kinds of states respectively: the driving pawl 403 is engaged with the first ratchet wheel 401, the two locking pawls 409 are respectively engaged with the first ratchet wheel 401 and the second ratchet wheel 402, and the driving pawl 403 is engaged with the second ratchet wheel 402; in the three states, the vertical slot limits the rotation of the positioning rod 413, so that the push rod 407 is prevented from rotating around the axis of the circular ring sleeve 4061, and the stability of the three meshing states can be maintained; meanwhile, under the action of the spring 410, the positioning rod 413 cannot easily slide upwards, that is, the three engagement states cannot be easily destroyed; in addition, when three meshing states need to be switched, the push rod 407 is pulled up first, the vertical groove can guide the positioning rod 413, and when the push rod 407 is rotated, the horizontal groove can guide the positioning rod 413, so that the positioning rod 413 can be switched accurately among the three vertical grooves, and the three meshing states can be switched accurately; otherwise, when the adjusting lever 407 is rotated, it is necessary to observe whether the driving pawl 403 is located directly above the first ratchet wheel 401 (or the second ratchet wheel 402), and whether the two locking pawls 409 are located directly above the first ratchet wheel 401 and the second ratchet wheel 402, respectively.

Referring to fig. 9, 12 and 13, in the present embodiment, the driving mechanism 4 further includes a stopper plate 414 and a locking screw 415; an extension bar 4031 protrudes from the part, facing the mounting hole 4073, of the driving pawl 403, and a mounting groove 4032 is formed in one end, deviating from the driving pawl 403, of the extension bar 4031; a limiting groove 4074 with a sector structure is arranged inside the mounting hole 4073; the limit plate 414 is arranged in the mounting groove 4032, the end of the limit plate 414 extends radially to the outside of the extension bar 4031, and the end of the limit plate 414 is slidably arranged in the limit groove 4074; a shaft hole 4033 penetrating through the extension bar 4031 is formed in the surface, deviating from the mounting hole 4073, of the driving pawl 403, and a threaded hole 4075 coaxially arranged with the limiting groove 4074 is formed in the mounting hole 4073; the locking screw 415 comprises a big head end, a threaded end and a cylindrical section arranged between the big head end and the threaded end; the cylindrical section is rotatably arranged in the shaft hole 4033, and the threaded end is in threaded connection with the threaded hole 4075; the torsion spring 404 is sleeved on the extension bar 4031, one end of the torsion spring 404 is fixed on the driving pawl 403, and the other end of the torsion spring 404 is fixed inside the mounting hole 4073. As shown in fig. 9, the driving pawl 403 and the limit plate 414 can be fixed by the locking screw 415, and the shaft hole 4033 can be rotatably connected to the cylindrical section (as shown in fig. 12), so as to achieve the rotatable mounting of the driving pawl 403. On one hand, the extension bar 4031 can increase the contact surface between the shaft hole 4033 and the cylindrical section, so that the stability of the driving pawl 403 after installation can be improved; on the other hand, the extension bar 4031 can initially position the torsion spring 404 to reduce the difficulty in mounting the torsion spring 404. In addition, when the push rod 407 is pulled up to separate the driving pawl 403 from the first ratchet wheel 401 (or the second ratchet wheel 402), the torsion spring 404 easily forces the driving pawl 403 to rotate excessively, so that the driving pawl 403 is easily difficult to engage with the first ratchet wheel 401 (or the second ratchet wheel 402) again, and even a jamming phenomenon occurs; however, as shown in fig. 13, the rotation of the limit plate 414 is effectively limited by the limit groove 4074 of the fan-shaped structure, which corresponds to limiting the rotation of the driving pawl 403, so that the reliability of the engagement of the driving pawl 403 with the first ratchet 401 (or the second ratchet 402) again is ensured.

Referring to fig. 5, 6, 10 and 11, in the present embodiment, the wheelchair body 1 is provided with the mounting shaft 11 disposed coaxially with the fixed shaft 405, the axle center of the rear wheel 3 is provided with the fixing hole 31 therethrough, and the fixing hole 31 is rotatably provided on the mounting shaft 11; a through hole 4051 axially penetrates through the fixed shaft 405; the drive mechanism 4 further comprises a shield 416, the shield 416 comprising an inner housing 4161 and an outer housing 4162; the inner cover 4161 is coaxially disposed between the first ratchet 401 and the rear wheel 3; the outer cover 4162 is located on the side of the fixed shaft 405 deviating from the mounting shaft 11, a support bar 4163 protrudes from the surface of the outer cover 4162 facing the fixed shaft 405, and one end of the support bar 4163 deviating from the outer cover 4162 penetrates through the through hole 4051 and then is connected with the mounting shaft 11; the outer cover 4162 is wrapped outside the inner cover 4161, a gap is left between the outer cover 4162 and the inner cover 4161, and the outer cover 4162 is provided with a relief groove 4164 for preventing interference with the push rod 407. When the inner housing 4161 is installed, the first ratchet 401 and the inner housing 4161 can be installed and fixed on the outer side of the rear wheel 3 (as shown in fig. 11) by the installation bolt 417 (as shown in fig. 6), and at the same time, the second ratchet 402 is provided with an opening 4021 (as shown in fig. 11) corresponding to the installation bolt 417, so that the installation bolt 417 can be installed and removed by inserting a screw. When the outer cover 4162 is attached, the support rod 4163 is inserted into the through hole 4051, inserted through the support rod 4163 by the attachment screw 418, and then screwed to the attachment shaft 11. Since the inner housing 4161 rotates synchronously with the rotation of the rear wheel 3 and the outer housing 4162 is fixed to the mounting shaft 11, the gap between the inner housing 4161 and the outer housing 4162 (as shown in fig. 10) prevents wear between the inner housing 4161 and the outer housing 4162. The cavity formed between the outer housing 4162 and the inner housing 4161 is effectively protected from the internal components thereof and also from catching the patient's clothing; meanwhile, the abdicating groove 4164 arranged on the outer cover 4162 can avoid interference on the shaking push rod 407; the push rod 407 and the abdicating groove 4164 can be sealed by a soft sealing sleeve, similar to a gear handle sleeve of an automobile.

Referring to fig. 11, in the present embodiment, a bearing 6 is disposed between the sleeve 406 and the fixed shaft 405, and a limiting region for limiting the axial displacement of the bearing 6 is formed between the first ratchet 401 and the second ratchet 402. Under the action of the bearing 6, the relative rotation resistance between the sleeve 406 and the fixed shaft 405 is reduced, and the abrasion between the sleeve 406 and the fixed shaft 405 is reduced; in addition, under the action of the limiting region, the bearing 6 is prevented from axially displacing on the fixed shaft 405. It should be noted that, as shown in fig. 11, the shoulder structures 400 protrude from the first ratchet wheel 401 and the second ratchet wheel 402 in opposite directions, and the shoulder structures 400 on the second ratchet wheel 402 can be mounted and fixed on the fixed shaft 405 by the locking bolts 419, that is, the mounting and fixing between the second ratchet wheel 402 and the fixed shaft 405 can be realized, and meanwhile, a limit region is just formed between the two shoulder structures 400 on the first ratchet wheel 401 and the second ratchet wheel 402.

Referring to fig. 18, the push rod 407 is a telescopic structure so as to adjust the length of the push rod 407 according to actual needs. It should be noted that the telescopic adjustment mode of the push rod 407 is not limited in the present application, and reference is made to the following structure: as shown in fig. 18, the push rod 407 includes an inner rod 4077 and a hollow outer rod 4078, the inner rod 4077 is slidably connected to the inside of the outer rod 4078, and the outer rod 4078 is provided with a fixing screw 4079; after the fixing screw 4079 is unscrewed, the integral length between the inner rod body 4077 and the outer rod body 4078 can be slidably adjusted; when the fixing screw 4079 is tightened, the change in the entire length between the outer rod 4078 and the inner rod 4077 can be restricted. Simultaneously, be equipped with rectangular shape groove along its axial on the outer wall of interior pole body 4077, rectangular shape groove can play limiting displacement to set screw 4079 to avoid when unscrewing set screw 4079, make outer pole body 4078 and interior pole body 4077 between take place the separation because of misoperation.

Referring to fig. 18, the upper end of the push rod 407 is provided with an anti-slip cover 4076, and the anti-slip cover 4076 is preferably made of a soft material, such as sponge, rubber, etc., which can improve the anti-slip property between the palm and the push rod 407 and improve the hand feeling of holding.

Referring to fig. 1 and 5, the medical wheelchair further includes two mud guards 5 disposed on the wheelchair body 1, and the two mud guards 5 are respectively covered above the two rear wheels 3. Under the action of the mud guard 5, the contact between dust, bacteria, viruses and other foreign matters on the rear wheel 3 and the patient (or the clothes of the patient) can be avoided.

The working principle is as follows: when the wheelchair body 1 needs to be driven to advance: the push rod 407 is pulled up along the axial direction of the circular sleeve 4061, the push rod 407 is rotated to move the driving pawl 403 to the position right above the first ratchet wheel 401, and when the push rod 407 is pushed down along the axial direction of the circular sleeve 4061, the torsion spring 404 forces the driving pawl 403 to be engaged with the first ratchet wheel 401; at this time, when the push rod 407 is pushed horizontally to rotate the push rod 407 counterclockwise around the axis of the fixed shaft 405, the driving pawl 403 drives the first ratchet wheel 401 to rotate synchronously (as shown in fig. 14); when the push rod 407 is pulled back to rotate the axis of the fixed shaft 405 of the push rod 407 clockwise, the driving pawl 403 is disengaged from the first ratchet wheel 401 (as shown in fig. 15); therefore, by repeatedly rocking the push rod 407 and reciprocating the push rod 407 around the axis of the fixed shaft 405, the rear wheel 3 is forced to rotate in the forward direction, and the wheelchair body 1 is driven to move forward.

When the wheelchair body 1 needs to be driven to retreat: when the push rod 407 is pulled up along the axial direction of the circular sleeve 4061, and the push rod 407 is rotated to move the driving pawl 403 to a position right above the second ratchet 402, and the push rod 407 is pushed down along the axial direction of the circular sleeve 4061, the torsion spring 404 forces the driving pawl 403 to engage with the second ratchet 402 (as shown in fig. 17); similarly, the push rod 407 is repeatedly swung at this time, so that the push rod 407 reciprocally rotates around the axis of the fixed shaft 405, and the rear wheel 3 is forced to reversely rotate, thereby driving the wheelchair body 1 to retreat.

When the wheelchair body 1 needs to be locked: when the push rod 407 is pulled up in the axial direction of the circular sleeve 4061, and the push rod 407 is rotated to enable the two locking pawls 409 to move to positions right above the first ratchet wheel 401 and the second ratchet wheel 402, respectively, and then the push rod 407 is pushed down in the axial direction of the circular sleeve 4061, the two locking pawls 409 are clamped to the first ratchet wheel 401 and the second ratchet wheel 402 (as shown in fig. 16), at this time, the push rod 407 is locked by the locking member 408 arranged on the wheelchair body 1, that is, the handle 4085 is toggled to enable the buckle 4083 to rotate to be clamped to the push rod 407 (as shown in fig. 3), so that the push rod 407 is limited to rotate around the axis of the fixed shaft 405, that the rotation of the rear wheel 3 is limited, and thus the movement of the wheelchair body 1 can be limited, and the locking is realized.

The foregoing has described the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the application. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are merely illustrative of the principles of the application, but that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the application, and these changes and modifications are intended to be within the scope of the application as claimed. The scope of protection claimed by this application is defined by the following claims and their equivalents.