阅读说明：本技术 一种负氧离子放出功能性超细纤维人工皮革的制备方法 (Preparation method of functional superfine fiber artificial leather capable of releasing negative oxygen ions ) 是由 钱能 朴钟皓 钱国春 包旭旭 董爱学 李小强 于 2021-10-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种负氧离子放出功能性超细纤维人工皮革的制备方法,包括以下步骤：超细纤维人工皮革基布的前处理；制备电气石粉纳米粒子悬浊液：配制浓度为2-50g/L的硅酸钠溶液,将纳米电气石粉分散液添加到上述硅酸钠溶液中,搅拌混合形成悬浊液；第一预处理：将经过前处理的超细人工皮革基布放置在上述悬浊液中含浸处理,处理后干燥备用；凝胶化处理：配制浓度为50-200g/L的有机酸溶液,将经过第一预处理得到的超细纤维人工皮革在有机酸溶液中含浸处理,干燥即得。本发明制备方法简单,易于工业化生产,甲醛的分解率高,除甲醛效果好,同时超细纤维人工皮革本身的性能不受影响。(The invention discloses a preparation method of functional superfine fiber artificial leather capable of releasing negative oxygen ions, which comprises the following steps: pretreating the superfine fiber artificial leather base cloth; preparing tourmaline powder nano particle suspension: preparing a sodium silicate solution with the concentration of 2-50g/L, adding the nano tourmaline powder dispersion liquid into the sodium silicate solution, and stirring and mixing to form a suspension; first pretreatment: placing the pretreated superfine artificial leather base cloth in the suspension for impregnation treatment, and drying for later use; and (3) gelation treatment: preparing an organic acid solution with the concentration of 50-200g/L, impregnating the superfine fiber artificial leather obtained through the first pretreatment in the organic acid solution, and drying to obtain the superfine fiber artificial leather. The preparation method is simple, easy for industrial production, high in formaldehyde decomposition rate and good in formaldehyde removal effect, and meanwhile, the performance of the superfine fiber artificial leather is not affected.)

1. A preparation method of functional superfine fiber artificial leather releasing negative oxygen ions is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) pretreating the superfine fiber artificial leather base cloth;

(2) preparing tourmaline powder nano particle suspension: preparing a sodium silicate solution with the concentration of 2-50g/L, adding the nano tourmaline powder dispersion liquid into the sodium silicate solution, and stirring and mixing to form a suspension, wherein the addition amount of the nano tourmaline powder dispersion liquid is 0.01-20 g/L;

(3) first pretreatment: placing the pretreated superfine artificial leather base cloth in the suspension for impregnation treatment, and drying for later use;

(4) and (3) gelation treatment: preparing an organic acid solution with the concentration of 50-200g/L, impregnating the superfine fiber artificial leather obtained through the first pretreatment in the organic acid solution, and drying to obtain the functional superfine fiber artificial leather with negative oxygen ions released.

2. The method for preparing the functional superfine fiber artificial leather capable of releasing negative oxygen ions according to claim 1, wherein the pretreatment of the superfine fiber artificial leather base cloth in the step (1) comprises the following specific steps:

s1, taking the polyester superfine fiber base cloth, carrying out impregnation treatment on the polyester superfine fiber base cloth after the apparent density is improved through thermal shrinkage;

s2, after removing the water-soluble polyurethane resin through a water washing process, performing fiber opening treatment;

and S3, dyeing the base fabric subjected to the fiber opening treatment, wherein the overflow dyeing is carried out only after the dyeing treatment.

3. The method for preparing the functional superfine fiber artificial leather releasing negative oxygen ions according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the particle size of the nano tourmaline powder used in the nano tourmaline powder dispersion liquid in the step (2) is less than or equal to 50 nm.

4. The method for preparing the functional superfine fiber artificial leather releasing negative oxygen ions according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the drying temperature of the impregnation treatment in the step (3) is 110-.

5. The method for preparing the functional superfine fiber artificial leather releasing negative oxygen ions according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the organic acid in the step (4) is one of carboxylic acid, sulfonic acid and sulfinic acid, wherein the number of carbon atoms in a carboxylic acid molecule is not more than 10, and the number of carbon atoms in the sulfonic acid or sulfinic acid is not more than 8.

6. The method for preparing the functional superfine fiber artificial leather releasing negative oxygen ions according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the impregnation treatment in the step (4) has a liquid carrying amount of 70 to 150%.

7. The method for preparing the functional superfine fiber artificial leather releasing negative oxygen ions according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the drying temperature after the impregnation treatment in the step (4) is 110-130 ℃, and the drying time is not less than 1 minute.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of functional fiber preparation, in particular to a preparation method of functional superfine fiber artificial leather capable of releasing negative oxygen ions.

Background

Negative oxygen ions, also called negative ions and air negative ions, refer to oxygen ions with negative charges by acquiring excess electrons. The negative oxygen ion known as 'air vitamin' is beneficial to the physical and mental health of human body. It mainly influences the physiological activities of human body through the nervous system and blood circulation of human body. In addition, the negative oxygen ions have excellent purifying and dedusting functions, and are named as 'vitagen' and 'longevity element' in the medical field.

On the other hand, the superfine fiber artificial leather is developed rapidly, and the superfine fiber leather is developed on the basis of fully analyzing natural leather. The superfine fiber synthetic leather is prepared by processing bunched superfine fibers and polyurethane through a special process. The method is characterized in that superfine fibers with structures and performances similar to those of fasciculate collagen fibers in natural leather are adopted to prepare non-woven fabric with a three-dimensional network structure, and polyurethane with excellent refilling performance and an open microporous structure is prepared through post-processing treatment. The fabric is widely applied to the aspects of garment fabrics, decorative materials, automobile interior decorations and the like. Particularly for automotive interior applications, due to the increasing consumer demand for the interior environment of the vehicle. In order to reduce the influence of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) in the environment inside the vehicle on the human body, interior manufacturers have introduced many functional interior materials. Such as an interior material having a photocatalytic function. However, such materials need to be effective in the presence of light. The material with the anion releasing function does not need illumination condition, and can continuously release negative oxygen ions even under dark condition to purify the air in the vehicle. In view of the above, it is necessary to design a method for preparing functional microfiber artificial leather releasing negative oxygen ions.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a preparation method of functional superfine fiber artificial leather releasing negative oxygen ions, which is simple in preparation method, easy for industrial production, high in formaldehyde decomposition rate, good in formaldehyde removal effect and free from influence on the performance of the superfine fiber artificial leather.

In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a preparation method of functional superfine fiber artificial leather capable of releasing negative oxygen ions, which comprises the following steps:

(1) pretreating the superfine fiber artificial leather base cloth;

(2) preparing tourmaline powder nano particle suspension: preparing a sodium silicate solution with the concentration of 2-50g/L, adding the nano tourmaline powder dispersion liquid into the sodium silicate solution, and stirring and mixing to form a suspension, wherein the addition amount of the nano tourmaline powder dispersion liquid is 0.01-20 g/L;

(3) first pretreatment: placing the pretreated superfine artificial leather base cloth in the suspension for impregnation treatment, and drying for later use;

(4) and (3) gelation treatment: preparing an organic acid solution with the concentration of 50-200g/L, impregnating the superfine fiber artificial leather obtained through the first pretreatment in the organic acid solution, and drying to obtain the functional superfine fiber artificial leather with negative oxygen ions released.

Preferably, the pretreatment of the superfine fiber artificial leather base cloth in the step (1) comprises the following specific steps:

s1, taking the polyester superfine fiber base cloth, carrying out impregnation treatment on the polyester superfine fiber base cloth after the apparent density is improved through thermal shrinkage;

s2, after removing the water-soluble polyurethane resin through a water washing process, performing fiber opening treatment;

and S3, dyeing the base fabric subjected to the fiber opening treatment, wherein the overflow dyeing is carried out only after the dyeing treatment.

Preferably, the particle size of the nano tourmaline powder used in the nano tourmaline powder dispersion liquid in the step (2) is less than or equal to 50 nm.

Preferably, the drying temperature of the impregnation treatment in the step (3) is 110-130 ℃, and the liquid carrying amount is 70-150%.

Preferably, the organic acid in step (4) is one of carboxylic acid, sulfonic acid and sulfinic acid, wherein the number of carbon atoms in the carboxylic acid molecule is not more than 10, and the number of carbon atoms in the sulfonic acid or sulfinic acid molecule is not more than 8.

Preferably, the impregnation treatment in the step (4) has a liquid carrying amount of 70 to 150%.

Preferably, the drying temperature after the impregnation treatment in the step (4) is 110-130 ℃, and the drying time is not less than 1 minute.

The negative oxygen ion releasing technology is combined with the superfine fiber artificial leather technology, the prepared microfiber leather with the negative oxygen ion releasing function not only can enable the microfiber leather to have the self-cleaning function, but also can keep the excellent impression of microfiber leather products for a long time, and can effectively decompose harmful gases such as formaldehyde in the air when being used for automotive interiors or decorative materials, so that the microfiber leather is a green and environment-friendly material. However, since the nano tourmaline has no selectivity to an oxidized object, if the nano tourmaline is directly compounded into an organic matrix material, the aging resistance of the matrix material is weakened, the optical stability of the material is reduced, and the service life of the material is shortened, so that the application of the nano tourmaline on an organic carrier is limited. In order to solve the problems, the invention selects inorganic material silicon dioxide which is insensitive to the negative oxygen ion release effect of tourmaline powder as the carrier of the tourmaline powder, and the tourmaline powder is hybridized in the silicon dioxide carrier and processed on the surface of the fiber so as to overcome the defects. The physical hybridization of tourmaline and silicon dioxide is carried out, only one part of the physical hybridization utilizes chemical reaction, the specific steps are divided into two steps, the tourmaline is dispersed in the water solution of sodium silicate to form suspension, and the suspension is alkaline. After the non-woven fabric base cloth is soaked and dried in the solution, a layer of sodium silicate film is formed on the surface, and the film contains dispersed calcium carbide particles. And then acid-base neutralizing the sodium silicate on the fiber surface with an acid solution to generate a water-insoluble porous silicon dioxide film attached to the fiber surface, wherein the porous film contains tourmaline microparticles. The purpose of the treatment is to prevent tourmaline powder from directly adhering to the surface of organic fiber and damaging the fiber.

Therefore, the preparation method of the functional superfine fiber artificial leather capable of releasing negative oxygen ions is simple, easy for industrial production, high in formaldehyde decomposition rate and good in formaldehyde removal effect, and meanwhile, the performance of the superfine fiber artificial leather is not affected.

The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the following examples.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated by the following examples.

The invention provides a preparation method of functional superfine fiber artificial leather capable of releasing negative oxygen ions, which comprises the following steps:

(1) pretreating the superfine fiber artificial leather base cloth;

using 37 islands of fibers as fixed islands, polyester as sea component and polyester as island component with the length of 51mm, lapping the fibers, and needling to prepare base cloth with the apparent density of 300g/m²；

The apparent density of the base cloth is improved to 350g/m by the thermal contraction of hot steam at 90 DEG C²Then, carrying out impregnation treatment of the aqueous polyurethane resin, wherein the impregnation treatment is divided into two times of impregnation, the first impregnation process is to contain 20 wt.% of water-soluble polyester, the liquid carrying amount is 100%, and the drying temperature is 130 ℃; the second dipping process is to contain 30 wt.% of waterborne polyurethane, the drying temperature is 130 ℃, and the liquid carrying amount is controlled to ensure that the weight gain of the water-distributed polyurethane of the blank is 25 wt.%. And then removing the water-soluble polyester in the first impregnation process by a warm water washing process, and performing fiber opening treatment by using a NaOH aqueous solution, wherein the concentration of the NaOH aqueous solution in the fiber opening treatment is 10g/L, the temperature of the fiber opening treatment is 130 ℃, the treatment time is 40 minutes, the bath ratio is 1:20, and the base fabric subjected to the fiber opening treatment enters a dyeing treatment process.

The dyeing process is carried out by adopting an overflow dyeing method, the superfine fiber artificial leather after pretreatment is placed into a machine cylinder of an overflow dyeing machine at room temperature, dye (disperse black 20g/L), auxiliary agent and water (bath ratio is 1: 20) are added, the temperature in the machine cylinder is raised to 130 ℃ at the speed of 1 ℃/min, and the temperature is kept for 40 min at 130 ℃; after heat preservation, the temperature is reduced to 70 ℃ at the speed of 2 ℃/minute, and then water is discharged; after draining, injecting clear water and a reduction detergent into the cylinder of the overflow dyeing machine, raising the temperature in the cylinder to 85 ℃ at the speed of 1 ℃/minute, preserving the temperature for 20 minutes at the temperature of 85 ℃, and draining; and (3) dehydrating and drying the dyed base cloth (at 100 ℃ for 3 minutes) to obtain the pretreated superfine artificial leather base cloth.

(2) Preparing tourmaline powder nano particle suspension: preparing a sodium silicate solution with the concentration of 2-50g/L, adding the nano tourmaline powder dispersion liquid into the sodium silicate solution, stirring and mixing to form a suspension, wherein the addition amount of the nano tourmaline powder dispersion liquid is 0.01-20g/L, and the particle size of nano tourmaline powder used by the nano tourmaline powder dispersion liquid is less than or equal to 50 nm.

(3) First pretreatment: placing the pretreated superfine artificial leather base cloth in the suspension for impregnation treatment, wherein the drying temperature of the impregnation treatment is 110-130 ℃, the liquid carrying capacity is 70-150%, and drying for later use after treatment.

(4) And (3) gelation treatment: preparing an organic acid solution with the concentration of 50-200g/L, soaking the superfine fiber artificial leather obtained through the first pretreatment in the organic acid solution, wherein the liquid carrying capacity of the soaking treatment is 70-150%, drying to obtain the functional superfine fiber artificial leather with negative oxygen ions released, wherein the drying temperature is 110-.

Example 1

(1) Preparation of tourmaline powder nano particle suspension

Dissolving 10g of sodium silicate in 600ml of water, adding 57.1g of nano tourmaline powder dispersion liquid with the particle size of less than or equal to 50nm (the solid content is 35%), stirring and mixing, adding water to a constant volume of 1L, and forming uniform suspension, wherein the concentration of sodium silicate in the solution is 10g/L, and the concentration of the nano tourmaline powder dispersion liquid is 20 g/L;

(2) first pretreatment

Placing the pretreated superfine artificial leather base cloth into the obtained suspension for impregnation treatment, wherein the liquid carrying amount is 100%, and the drying temperature is 130 ℃;

(3) gelation treatment

Dissolving 100g of citric acid in 1L of water to prepare a citric acid solution with the concentration of 100g/L, and carrying out impregnation treatment on the superfine fiber artificial leather obtained in the step (2) in the citric acid solution, wherein the impregnation process is that the liquid content is 100%, the drying temperature is 110 ℃, and the drying time is 2 minutes.

Example 2

(1) Preparation of tourmaline powder nano particle suspension

Dissolving 20g of sodium silicate in 600ml of water, adding 14.4g of nano tourmaline powder dispersion liquid with the particle size of less than or equal to 50nm (the solid content is 35%), stirring and mixing, adding water to a constant volume of 1L, and forming uniform suspension, wherein the concentration of sodium silicate in the solution is 20g/L, and the concentration of the nano tourmaline powder dispersion liquid is 5 g/L;

(2) first pretreatment

Placing the pretreated superfine artificial leather base cloth in the obtained suspension for impregnation treatment, wherein the liquid carrying amount of the impregnation treatment is 120%, and the drying temperature is 110 ℃;

(3) gelation treatment

Dissolving 80g of acetic acid in 600ml of water to prepare an acetic acid solution with the concentration of 80g/L, and carrying out impregnation treatment on the superfine fiber artificial leather obtained in the step (2) in the acetic acid solution, wherein the impregnation process is that the liquid content is 90%, the drying temperature is 130 ℃, and the drying time is 3 minutes.

Example 3

(1) Preparation of tourmaline powder nano particle suspension

Dissolving 50g of sodium silicate in 600ml of water, adding 28.7g of nano tourmaline powder dispersion liquid with the particle size of less than or equal to 50nm (the solid content is 35%), stirring and mixing, and adding water to a constant volume of 1L to form uniform suspension; at the moment, the concentration of sodium silicate in the solution is 50g/L, and the concentration of the nano tourmaline powder dispersion liquid is 10 g/L;

(2) first pretreatment

Carrying out impregnation treatment on the suspension obtained in the step (1) of the pretreated superfine artificial leather base fabric, wherein the liquid carrying amount of the impregnation treatment is 90%, and the drying temperature is 120 ℃;

(3) gelation treatment

Dissolving 50g of methanesulfonic acid in 1L of water to prepare a methanesulfonic acid solution with the concentration of 50g/L, and carrying out impregnation treatment on the superfine fiber artificial leather obtained in the step (2) in the methanesulfonic acid solution, wherein the impregnation process is that the liquid content is 100%, the drying temperature is 130 ℃, and the drying time is 2 minutes.

Example 4

(1) Preparation of tourmaline powder nano particle suspension

Dissolving 50g of sodium silicate in 600ml of water, adding 3.0g of nano tourmaline powder dispersion liquid with the particle size of less than or equal to 50nm (the solid content is 35%), stirring and mixing, and adding water to a constant volume of 1L to form uniform suspension; at the moment, the concentration of sodium silicate in the solution is 50g/L, and the concentration of the nano tourmaline powder dispersion liquid is 1 g/L;

(2) first pretreatment

Carrying out impregnation treatment on the suspension obtained in the step (1) of the pretreated superfine artificial leather base cloth, wherein the liquid carrying amount is 90%, and the drying temperature is 120 ℃;

(3) gelation treatment

Dissolving 50g of methanesulfonic acid in 1L of water to prepare a methanesulfonic acid solution with the concentration of 50g/L, and carrying out impregnation treatment on the superfine fiber artificial leather obtained in the step (2) in the methanesulfonic acid solution, wherein the impregnation process is that the liquid content is 100%, the drying temperature is 130 ℃, and the drying time is 2 minutes.

Comparative example

(1) Preparation of sodium silicate solution

Dissolving 50g of sodium silicate in 600ml of water, stirring and mixing, adding water to a constant volume of 1L to form uniform suspension, wherein the concentration of the sodium silicate in the solution is 50 g/L;

(2) first pretreatment

Carrying out impregnation treatment on the suspension obtained in the step (1) of the pretreated superfine artificial leather base cloth, wherein the liquid carrying amount is 90%, and the drying temperature is 120 ℃;

(3) gelation treatment

Dissolving 50g of methanesulfonic acid in 1L of water to prepare a methanesulfonic acid solution with the concentration of 50g/L, and carrying out impregnation treatment on the superfine fiber artificial leather obtained in the step (2) in the methanesulfonic acid solution, wherein the impregnation process is that the liquid content is 100%, the drying temperature is 130 ℃, and the drying time is 2 minutes.

And (3) testing the effect of the superfine fiber artificial leather with the function of releasing negative oxygen ions:

the base fabrics obtained in examples 1 to 4 and comparative example, raw base fabrics, were cut into a size of 10cm × 10cm and placed in a 500ml glass Erlenmeyer flask. Taking 1ml of gas in the bottle by using a needle tube after sealing, and testing the concentration of negative oxygen ions by using a negative ion concentration detector; and taking out the gas in the 1ml bottle again after 24 hours, and testing the concentration of the negative oxygen ions by using a negative ion concentration detector, wherein the specific result is shown in the following table.

TABLE 1 concentration of negative oxygen ions in each sample

Therefore, the preparation method of the functional superfine fiber artificial leather capable of releasing negative oxygen ions is simple, easy for industrial production, high in formaldehyde decomposition rate and good in formaldehyde removal effect, and meanwhile, the performance of the superfine fiber artificial leather is not affected.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.