阅读说明：本技术 隔热织物 (Heat insulation fabric ) 是由 O·阿比多-卡德 J·德木勒那尔 于 2019-10-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：包括纺织品织物层的隔热织物,该纺织品织物层包含平均孔径为50至200nm、含量为1至70重量％的煅制二氧化硅粉末。(An insulating fabric comprising a textile fabric layer comprising fumed silica powder having an average pore size of from 50 to 200nm and a content of from 1 to 70 wt.%.)

1. An insulating fabric comprising a textile fabric layer comprising fumed silica powder having an average pore size of from 50 to 200nm and a content of from 1 to 70 wt.%.

2. Insulation fabric according to claim 1, wherein the fumed silica has an average pore size of 50 to 100nm, preferably 50 to 70 nm.

3. The insulation fabric of claim 1 or 2, wherein the amount of fumed silica is from 15 to 50 wt.%, preferably from 40 to 50 wt.%.

4. The insulating fabric of any preceding claim, wherein the fumed silica is a hydrophobic fumed silica.

5. The insulation fabric of claim 4, wherein the hydrophobic fumed silica has a silane content of 1 to 5 wt.%, preferably 1 to 3 wt.%, based on the total weight of the fumed silica powder.

6. The insulating fabric of any preceding claim, wherein the textile fabric layer comprises an infrared opacifier in an amount of up to 20 wt%, preferably up to 10 wt%, most preferably from 3 wt% to 7 wt%, based on the weight of fumed silica present.

7. The insulating fabric of claim 6, wherein said infrared opacifier is selected from the group consisting of: carbon black, silicon carbide, iron oxides and ferromagnetic ore powders.

8. The insulating fabric of any preceding claim, wherein the textile fabric layer has a thickness of from 5mm to 40mm, preferably from 5mm to 20mm, most preferably about 10 mm.

9. The insulating fabric of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the textile fabric layer has a density of 100kg/m prior to addition of fumed silica³To 180kg/m³Preferably 110kg/m³To 150kg/m³Most preferably 110kg/m³To 130kg/m³。

10. The insulating fabric of any preceding claim, wherein the textile fabric layer comprises high temperature resistant fibres, preferably having a glass transition temperature of greater than 200 ℃, such as greater than 500 ℃ or even greater than 800 ℃.

11. The insulating fabric of claim 10, wherein the fibers are selected from the group consisting of: e glass fibers, C glass fibers, S glass fibers, silica fibers, ceramic fibers, and organic fibers.

12. The insulating fabric of any preceding claim, wherein the textile fabric layer comprises a binder, preferably in an amount of less than 10 wt%, most preferably 1 to 3 wt%, based on the total weight of the textile fabric layer.

13. The insulating fabric of claim 12, wherein the binder is selected from the group consisting of: functionalized silanes, tetraethyl orthosilicate, water glass, silicones, siloxanes, colloidal silica, and acrylic binders.

14. The insulating fabric of any preceding claim, wherein the thermal conductivity of the insulating fabric is less than 50mW/mK at 300 ℃.

15. The insulating fabric of any preceding claim, wherein the textile fabric layer is provided on one or both sides with the first and/or second outer textile layers.

16. Use of the insulation fabric of any of the preceding claims for insulation.

Technical Field

The present invention relates to an insulating fabric, a method of providing the fabric and the use of the fabric for insulating various products.

Background

Aerogels are nowadays distinguished by their excellent thermal insulation properties, in particular at room temperature.

It is known from e.g. WO 2017/220577 a1 that cloths are filled with the aerogel, thereby providing a cloth suitable for thermal insulation. WO 2017/220577 describes a thermal insulating cloth having a layered structure comprising at least three layers, a first outer textile layer and a second outer textile layer providing the outer surface of the cloth, the outer textile layers being laminated to a middle layer comprising a textile fabric containing aerogel powder.

Cloths made with the aerogels can generate dust during manufacture, installation, and use. Also, providing the outer textile layer may result in less intimate contact between the cloth and the product to be insulated (e.g. a pipe). Furthermore, the cloths made with the aerogels have limited applicability and are only applicable at temperatures below 300 ℃.

Disclosure of Invention

It is an object of the present invention to provide an alternative insulation fabric with reduced dust generation, which can be used at higher temperatures and can be easily installed around and provides good contact with the product to be insulated.

According to a first aspect of the present invention, an insulating fabric is provided. The insulating fabric comprises a textile fabric layer comprising fumed silica powder having an average pore size of from 50 to 200nm and a content of from 1 to 70 wt.%.

By using fumed silica instead of aerogel in the insulation fabric according to the invention, dust generation can be eliminated or at least reduced even in the absence of an outer textile layer. Furthermore, fumed silica remains stable at much higher temperatures (up to 1000 ℃) than aerogels and is available at much lower cost than aerogels.

Detailed Description

The above and other features, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent from the following detailed description. This description is intended for purposes of illustration only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure.

The invention will be described in conjunction with specific embodiments.

It is to be noticed that the term 'comprising', used in the claims, should not be interpreted as being limitative to the parts listed thereafter, but does not exclude other elements or steps. Thus, it should be understood that the presence of the stated features, steps or components is stated but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps or components or groups thereof. Thus, the expression "a device comprising the components a and B" should not be limited to the device consisting of only the components a and B. It is indicated that for the present invention, the only components associated with the device are a and B.

Throughout the specification, the term "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" is used. The terminology indicates that the specific features described in connection with the embodiments are included in at least one embodiment of the invention. Thus, the appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, although they may. Furthermore, the particular features or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments, as would be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art.

The independent and dependent claims set out particular and preferred features of the invention. Features of the dependent claims may be combined with features of the independent or other dependent claims and/or with features set out above and/or in the following description, as appropriate.

The fumed silica powder used according to the invention has an average pore size of from 50nm to 200nm, for example from 50nm to 100nm, and preferably from 50nm to 70 nm.

The pores in the fumed silica are generally located between the primary particles (inter-particle pores), rather than within the primary particles themselves (intra-particle pores).

Pore size can be measured and analyzed by gas adsorption/desorption. Gas adsorption analysis is commonly used for surface area and porosity determination. This involves exposing the solid material to a gas or vapor under various conditions and evaluating the weight absorption or sample volume. Analysis of these data provides information about the physical properties of the solid, including skeletal density, porosity, total pore volume, and pore size distribution. Typically, nitrogen is used for pore size determination of fumed silica. The pore size is generally measured according to standard ISO 15901-2.

The weight% of fumed silica powder is based on the weight of the textile fabric layer in which it is present.

More preferably, the insulating fabric comprises a textile fabric layer comprising fumed silica powder in an amount of from 15 to 50 wt.%, e.g., from 40 to 50 wt.%.

The fumed silica content of the thermal insulating fabric according to the invention can be greater than or equal to 20kg/m³More preferably 50kg/m or more³For example, in the range of 50 to 80kg/m³In the range of (1), for example, about 50kg/m³Or about 60kg/m³Or about 70kg/m³。

The fumed silica in the textile fabric layer is preferably uniformly distributed across the surface and/or thickness of the textile fabric layer.

The fumed silica is preferably hydrophobic and does not cause corrosion under the insulation (CUI).

The fumed silica powder used according to the invention can be any fumed silica having an average pore size within the above ranges.

Preferably, the fumed silica used according to the invention has a surface area in the range of 50m²G to 380m²Per g, preferably 100m²G to 300m²In g, most preferably about 200m²(ii) in terms of/g. Generally according to standard ISO 9277, based onThe BET methods (brenneur (Brunauer), Emmett (Emmett) and Teller (Teller)) determine the specific surface area.

Fumed silica is also called fumed silica because it is produced in a flame, consisting of tiny droplets (primary particles) of amorphous silica that melt into branched chain-like three-dimensional secondary particles (aggregates) and then agglomerate into tertiary particles, resulting in a fluffy powder. The resulting powder has a very low bulk density and a high surface area. The primary particle size is typically from 5nm to 50 nm. The particles are non-porous and typically have a surface area of 50m²G to 600m²(ii) in terms of/g. The bulk density is generally 30kg/m³To 100kg/m³Preferably 40kg/m³To 60kg/m³For example, about 60kg/m³。

Fumed silica is produced by flame pyrolysis of silicon tetrachloride or by vaporization of quartz sand in an electric arc at 3000 ℃. Major global producers are the winning companies (Evonik) (sold under the name of aersil), Cabot Corporation (Cabot Corporation), Wacker chemical Corporation (Wacker Chemie), Dow Corning Corporation (Dow Corning), heili Corporation (Heraeus), deshan Corporation (Tokuyama Corporation), OCI, orlistat Corporation (Orisil), and xus chemical Corporation (Xunyuchem).

The fumed silica used in the present invention is preferably a hydrophobic fumed silica.

Hydrophobic fumed silica is prepared by chemical treatment of a hydrophilic grade product obtained directly from flame hydrolysis with a hydrophobicity-imparting agent (e.g., silane, silazane or siloxane (e.g., halosilane), cyclodimethylsiloxane)) and has freely accessible silanol groups (Si-OH) on the particle surface. Hydrophobic fumed silica is characterized by low hygroscopicity. They are also particularly suitable for corrosion protection of pipes, for example, where thermal insulation is required.

The hydrophobic fumed silica powder preferably has a hydrophobic agent content of from 1 to 15 wt.%, preferably from 1 to 5 wt.%, most preferably from 1 to 3 wt.%, based on the total weight of the fumed silica powder. The content of hydrophobing agent is also commonly referred to as silane content; silane content, as used herein, refers to the content of any organic derivative of silicone that contains at least one covalent silicon-carbon bond, e.g., silane-based compounds, siloxane-based compounds, and silazane-based compounds.

Preferably, the silane content is kept low to maintain low flammability.

The insulation fabrics comprising fumed silica powder according to the invention generally achieve Euroclass a1 performance in the non-flammability test ISO 1182, whereas insulation fabrics comprising aerogels generally achieve only a class a2 due to their much higher silane content (typically above 15 wt%, e.g., 20 wt%).

Suitable hydrophobic fumed silicas for use in accordance with the present invention include the following products available from winning companies under the trade name AEROSIL: r972, R974, R104, R106, R202, R208, R805, R812S, R816, NAX 50, NY 50, RX 200, RX 300, RX 50, RY 200L, RY 200S, RY 300, RY 50, NX 90G, NX 90S, NX 130. Other suitable hydrophobic fumed silicas are available from Wacker under the trade name HDK, such as H13L, H15, H17, H18, H20, H2000, H20RH, H30, H30LM, H30 RM. In addition, hydrophobic fumed silicas are commercially available from OCI under the tradename KONASIL, e.g., K-P15, K-P20, K-D15, K-T30, and K-T20. Hydrophobic fumed silica is also available from Deshan under the trade name REOLOSIL (e.g., DM-10).

AEROSIL R974 and RX 200 are particularly preferred. AEROSIL R974 is based on a specific surface area of 200m²The specific surface area of the hydrophilic fumed silica after-treatment with dimethyldichlorosilane is 150-190m²Per gram of hydrophobic fumed silica.

As an alternative to adding the hydrophobic fumed silica itself to the textile fabric layer, the fumed silica can be hydrophobized once added to the textile fabric layer, for example by spray coating with silicone or using the techniques described in EP 2622253.

According to some embodiments, the fumed silica powder has a thermal conductivity of less than 30mW/m × K at room temperature. The thermal conductivity is measured according to ASTM C518. The thermal conductivity of the fumed silica powder can range from 22mW/m K to 25mW/m K.

The addition of infrared opacifiers (e.g., suitable titanium dioxide, zircon, ilmenite (ilmenite), zirconia, clay, graphite, carbon black, silicon carbide, iron oxide, or magnetite powder) can reduce the thermal conductivity of fumed silica to a greater extent, especially at higher temperatures (e.g., greater than 300 ℃ or greater than 500 ℃).

A preferred IR opacifier is silicon carbide. Preferably, the particle size of the IR screening agent is in the range of 2 μm to 7 μm.

The IR sunscreen or IR sunscreen mixture is typically added in an amount of up to 20% by weight, preferably up to 10% by weight, most preferably from 3% to 7% by weight, based on the weight of fumed silica present.

Other additives for textile fabric layers include: flame retardants, e.g. flame-retardant minerals, e.g. AlOH, MgOH, MgCO₃.3H₂O or any hydrated mineral (synthetic or natural) or zinc borate with endothermic properties, or functional mineral additives (such as sound absorbers) or combinations thereof.

The textile fabric layer of the insulation fabric of the present invention comprising fumed silica is generally a flexible material comprised of a network of fibers and is preferably flexible around a tubular object having a bend radius of 1.5 inches (3.81cm) or less.

According to some embodiments, the textile fabric layer may have a thickness in the range of 5mm to 40mm, preferably 5mm to 20mm, most preferably about 10 mm. The thickness was measured according to ISO 9073 using a pressure of 0.5 kPa.

The textile fabric may comprise a woven textile fabric, a non-woven textile fabric, a knitted textile fabric or a woven textile fabric.

According to some embodiments, the textile fabric layer may comprise a non-woven textile fabric.

According to some embodiments, the density of the textile fabric may range from 100kg/m prior to addition of fumed silica³To 180kg/m³Preferably 110kg/m³To 150kg/m³For example, 110kg/m³To 130kg/m³For example, about 110kg/m³To 120kg/m³. The density of the textile layer containing fumed silica is generally in the range of 160kg/m³To 260kg/m³。

According to some embodiments, the textile fabric has a surface weight of 1000g/m²To 1800g/m²For example, 1100g/m²To 1800g/m²More preferably 1100g/m²To 1500g/m²For example, 1100g/m²To 1300g/m²E.g. about 1100g/m². Herein, the surface weight is measured according to EN 12127.

The textile fabric preferably comprises high temperature resistant fibres, i.e. having a glass transition temperature of more than 200 ℃, e.g. more than 500 ℃ or even more than 800 ℃.

According to some embodiments, the textile fabric may comprise glass fibers.

As an example, the textile fabric comprises fibers selected from the group consisting of: e glass fibers, C glass fibers, S glass fibers, silica fibers, ceramic fibers, and organic fibers, for example, PE or PET fibers.

The fibers of the textile fabric may even comprise only glass fibers.

The fiber diameter may range from 5 μm to 20 μm, for example, from 6 μm to 20 μm, more preferably from 9 μm to 13 μm, for example from 9 μm to 11 μm. The fibres are preferably staple fibres having an average length of less than 15mm, and preferably about 10 mm. The maximum length of the fibres may preferably be less than 15mm, preferably about 10 mm.

Suitable textile fabric layers are based on Glass fibre needle felts F01, F21 and F40 of the company lasavia JSC wale meier Glass fibre (JSC valmiea Glass Fiber, Latvia).

The textile fabric layer preferably comprises a binder, especially when the textile fabric layer is a nonwoven layer, preferably in an amount of less than 10 wt%, most preferably from 1 wt% to 3 wt%. The weight percents are based on the total weight of the textile fabric layer. Examples of suitable binders include: functionalized silanes such as Dynasylan, Tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS), water glass, silicone, siloxane, colloidal silica, and acrylics, available from winning and creating companies.

The advantage of adding a binder is that the dust formation is further reduced and it is easier to impregnate the fumed silica into the textile fabric layer.

The thermal conductivity of the insulation fabric according to the invention typically ranges from 35mW/m K to 50mW/m K. The thermal conductivity is the thermal conductivity at 300 ℃ as determined according to ASTM C177.

A product may be considered to be thermally insulating when its thermal conductivity is less than 50mW/m K.

The insulation fabric according to the invention is still flexible and releases little or no dust during installation and/or use. The fabric is substantially non-flammable and may be up to 25mm thick, or even up to 50mm thick.

The textile fabric layer of the insulating fabric according to the invention is preferably filled with fumed silica using techniques as described in EP 3023528a1, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. The fumed silica powder suspended in a solvent (e.g., hexane) is injected into the textile fabric by means of a hollow needle, and the solvent is subsequently removed from the textile fabric, leaving the fumed silica powder in the fabric. Alternatively, the textile fabric layers may be filled with fumed silica by dip coating (tapping) techniques, or by impregnating the fabric layers with fumed silica powder by applying a charge, or by a layered composite process, wherein the composite is formed by a sandwich technique in which a layer of fumed silica powder is sandwiched between layers of textile fabric that are interlocked by gap or hot rolling.

The insulating fabric of the invention may further be provided with a first and/or a second outer textile layer laminated to a textile fabric layer comprising fumed silica, said first outer textile layer preferably having an air permeability of less than or equal to 40 cc/sec 5cm²The air permeability of the second outer textile layer is preferably less than or equal to 40 cc/sec 5cm²。

Air permeability is measured using any suitable equipment, and the amount of air passing through the surface of the sample is measured at a pressure drop of 98 pascals between the sample surface (typically using a circular surface with a diameter of 25 mm).

More preferably, the air permeability of the first and/or second outer textile layer is less than or equal to 35 cc/sec 5cm²E.g. less than or equal to 20 cc/sec 5cm²Or even less than or equal to 5 cc/sec 5cm²。

According to some embodiments, the thickness of the first and/or second outer textile layer may range from 0.05mm to 3 mm. According to some embodiments, the thickness of the first outer textile layer may range from 0.05 to 3 mm. According to some embodiments, the thickness of the second outer textile layer may range from 0.05 to 3 mm.

The thickness of the first and/or second outer textile layer may range from 0.1mm to 3mm, for example from 0.1mm to 0.5mm, more preferably from 0.2mm to 0.3 mm.

Optionally, the thicknesses of the first and second outer textile layers are equal.

According to some embodiments, the density of the first and/or second outer textile layer may range from 3kg/m³To 1300kg/m³. According to some embodiments, the density of the first outer textile layer ranges from 3kg/m³To 1300kg/m³. According to some embodiments, the density of the second outer textile layer ranges from 3kg/m³To 1300kg/m³. Optionally, the densities of the first and second outer textile layers are equal.

According to some embodiments, the surface weight of the first and/or second outer textile layer may be 10g/m²To 30g/m². According to some embodiments, the surface weight of the first outer textile layer may be 10g/m²To 30g/m². According to some embodiments, the surface weight of the second outer textile layer may be 10g/m²To 30g/m²。

The surface weight of the first and/or second outer textile layer may be 15g/m²To 25g/m²More preferably 17g/m²To 21g/m². Optionally, the surface weights of the first and second outer textile layers are equal.

The first and second outer layers are textile layers, i.e., they are flexible around a tubular object having a bend radius of 1.5 inches (3.81cm) or less.

The fibers of the first and second outer layers may be selected from the group consisting of: e glass fibers, C glass fibers, S glass fibers, silica fibers, ceramic fibers and organic fibers, preferably PE or PET fibers.

The diameter of the fibres used in the first and second layers may range from 5 μm to 20 μm, for example from 6 μm to 20 μm, more preferably from 9 μm to 13 μm, for example from 9 μm to 11 μm. The fibres are preferably staple fibres having an average length of less than 15mm, and preferably about 10 mm. The maximum length of the fibres may preferably be less than 15mm, preferably about 10 mm.

The first and second layers may comprise high temperature resistant fibres, i.e. having a glass transition temperature of more than 200 ℃, e.g. more than 500 ℃ or even more than 800 ℃.

According to some embodiments, the first and/or second outer textile layer may comprise glass fibers.

The fibers of the first and/or second outer textile layers may even comprise only glass fibers.

Optionally, the fibers of the first and second outer textile layers and/or the fibers of the textile fabric layer containing fumed silica are made of the same material, e.g., E glass fibers, C glass fibers, S glass fibers, silica fibers, or ceramic fibers.

The first and/or second outer layer preferably has a binder content, particularly when the first and/or second outer layer is a nonwoven layer, preferably less than 15 wt%, most preferably less than 12 wt%, typically 10 to 11 wt%. The weight percents are based on the total weight of the outer layer. A preferred binder is a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) binder.

The tensile strength of the first and/or second outer layer in the Machine Direction (MD) and the Cross Direction (CD) is preferably in the range of 20N/5cm to 100N/5cm, measured according to ISO 1924/2.

The first and/or second outer textile layer is typically provided with an adhesive to enable lamination of the layers to the textileA woven fabric layer. The preferred adhesive is a hot melt adhesive. Preferred adhesives are those based on polyamide, polypropylene or thermosetting polyurethane. The adhesive may be applied as a coating to the first and/or second layer. Alternatively, a film of adhesive (e.g., hot melt adhesive) may be applied between the first and/or second outer layers and the textile fabric layer. Preferably the amount of binder (optionally applied as a coating) is 4g/m²To 20g/m²More preferably 4g/m²To 10g/m²E.g. about 8g/m². Preferably, the adhesive is applied on only one side of the first and second layers. The side provided with the adhesive is intended to be in contact with the textile fabric substrate.

The first and second layers and the textile fabric layer may be laminated to each other by thermal lamination or solvent lamination. Most preferably, the multiple layers are laminated to one another using thermal lamination or thermal lamination (e.g., to calendering).

The first outer textile layer can comprise a woven textile fabric, a non-woven textile fabric, a knitted textile fabric, or a woven textile fabric.

The second outer textile layer can comprise a woven textile fabric, a non-woven textile fabric, a knitted (warp and/or weft knitted) textile fabric, or a woven textile fabric.

The first and/or second outer woven layers may be plain woven textile fabric, twill woven textile fabric, satin (atlas) or basket (basket) woven textile fabric, or the like.

According to some embodiments, the first and second outer textile layers may be identical.

According to some embodiments, the first outer textile layer may comprise a nonwoven textile fabric.

According to some embodiments, the density of the first outer textile layer may range from 3kg/m³To 300kg/m³. According to some embodiments, the surface weight of the first outer textile layer may be 10g/m²To 30g/m²。

Optionally, the second outer textile layer comprises a nonwoven textile fabric.

Optionally, the nonwoven textile fabrics of the first and second outer textile layers are the same.

According to some embodiments, the second outer textile layer may be a woven textile layer. According to some embodiments, the density of the second outer textile layer may range from 300kg/m³To 1300kg/m³. According to some embodiments, the surface weight of the second outer textile layer may be 100g/m²To 300g/m²。

Suitable first and second outer textile layers, also known as facings (veils), are layers provided in the form of fleece AD-stick E2016.4, available from ADLEY NV corporation of Belgium, Belgium.

Other suitable facing layers are Optiveil from Technical Fiber Products Ltd of the United kingdom^TMSeries facings, e.g., 20103A Eglass facings, having a weight per unit area (area weight) of 10g/m²、17g/m²、22g/m²、30g/m²Or 34g/m²。

According to a second aspect of the invention, an insulating fabric is used for thermal insulation.

The fabric can be used to insulate products for various applications, such as piping and construction applications. The pipe can be used in the petroleum industry, wherein the temperature is applied within 200 ℃ to 800 ℃. The fabric according to the invention can be used in low temperature applications with a temperature limit of less than 10 ℃. The fabrics are useful in the construction industry, for example, in roofing, ceiling and flooring applications where the thermal insulation properties of mineral wool, Polystyrene (PS) or Polyurethane (PU) are inadequate.

When covering, for example, a tubular pipe by bending a fabric around the outer surface of the tube (e.g., a tube having a diameter of 1 m), little to no dust is released. The textile layer remained intact and showed no cracks.

Example 1

The insulation fabric of the present invention was prepared as follows.

7kg of hydrophobic fumed silica (Aerosil R974) were admixed with 185l of hexane and SiC (6% by weight)Based on the weight of fumed silica) into a 10mm thick mixture having a density of 110kg/m³In a suitable textile fabric substrate Kobemat EGL (Kobe 110 Density). The impregnation is monitored to achieve a uniform distribution of the mixture within the textile fabric substrate for optimum results. Injection and mixing techniques are disclosed for example in US 2018/0099478.

Various textile fabrics with different densities were examined and the following table (table 1) shows the data collected for the variation in the density of the substrate and its effect on the final properties of the insulation fabric impregnated with the same amount of mixture (about 1 kg).

TABLE 1

Example 2:

an insulating fabric was prepared as in example 1.

Various amounts of SiC were added to the mixture of fumed silica and hexane. The effect of the IR opacifier and its amount on the final product is listed in Table 2 below.

TABLE 2

Example 3:

an insulating fabric was prepared as in example 1.

Another set of results, given in the table below, relates to the effect of the amount of mixture infused into the textile fabric substrate on the final product.

TABLE 3

Example 4:

an insulating fabric was prepared as in example 1.

The following table highlights the comparative use of fumed silica and aerogel (AEROVA) with the same amount of mixed injectant and the same textile fabric substrate^TMAerogels, available from Johns Corporation (Jios Corporation), some of the results collected upon injection.

These results show that the use of fumed silica instead of aerogel provides an insulating fabric with improved thermal insulation properties at higher temperatures.

In case fumed silica is used, the dust generation is further reduced.

TABLE 4

It is to be understood that although preferred embodiments and/or materials have been discussed for providing embodiments in accordance with the present invention, various modifications or changes may be made to the present invention without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention.