阅读说明：本技术 用于养殖黄粉虫和大麦虫的生物饲料的制备方法及配方 (Preparation method and formula of biological feed for breeding yellow mealworms and barley pests ) 是由 冯金山 于 2021-01-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种用于养殖黄粉虫和大麦虫的生物饲料的制备方法及配方,其中,用于养殖黄粉虫和大麦虫的生物饲料的制备方法,包括以下步骤：将废渣、玉米粉、过期饼干或面包、菌液、甜菜碱和有机酸混合搅拌均匀后形成搅拌原料,将搅拌原料密封发酵；其中,所述废渣、玉米粉、过期饼干或面包、菌液、甜菜碱和有机酸按质量计比为：60～70份：10～15份：10～15份：10～15份：1～5份：1份。本发明应用于生物饲料技术领域。(The invention discloses a preparation method and a formula of a biological feed for breeding yellow mealworms and barley pests. The preparation method of the biological feed for breeding the yellow mealworms and the barley pests comprises the following steps of uniformly mixing and stirring 60-70 parts by mass of waste residues, 10-15 parts by mass of corn flour, 10-15 parts by mass of expired biscuits or bread, 10-15 parts by mass of a bacterium solution, 10-15 parts by mass of betaine and 1-5 parts by mass of organic acid so as to obtain stirred raw materials, and performing sealed fermentation on the stirred raw materials. The preparation method and the formula are applied to the technical field of biological feeds.)

1. A preparation method of biological feed for cultivating yellow mealworms and barley pests is characterized by comprising the following steps:

mixing and stirring the waste residue, the corn flour, the overdue biscuits or bread, the bacterial liquid, the betaine and the organic acid uniformly to form a stirring raw material, and sealing and fermenting the stirring raw material;

wherein the waste residue, the corn flour, the overdue biscuits or bread, the bacterial liquid, the betaine and the organic acid are in mass ratio as follows: 60-70 parts of: 10-15 parts of: 10-15 parts of: 10-15 parts of: 1-5 parts: 1 part.

2. The method for preparing a biological feed for cultivating Tenebrio molitor and Hordeum vulgare as claimed in claim 1, wherein the color change and odor change of the fermented product are observed during fermentation, if the color of the fermented product is yellow or bright and sour, the fermentation is normal, and the fermentation is continued by sealing after exhausting until the fermentation is completed.

3. The method for preparing a biological feed for cultivating yellow mealworms and barley pests according to claim 1, wherein the waste residue is one or a mixture of bean dregs, vinasse, water chestnut dregs, bagasse, cassava dregs and vegetable and fruit peels.

4. The method for preparing a biological feed for cultivating Tenebrio molitor and Hordeum vulgare according to claim 1, wherein the strain in the bacterial liquid is yeast or lactic acid bacteria.

5. The method for preparing a biological feed for cultivating Tenebrio molitor and Hordeum vulgare according to claim 1, wherein the stirred raw material is hermetically fermented at a temperature of 25-28 ℃ for 3-5 days, wherein the stirred raw material cannot be directly irradiated by sunlight during fermentation, and the fermented raw material is produced into a biological feed, wherein 20-30% by mass of wheat bran is added to the biological feed and then uniformly mixed.

6. The method for preparing the biological feed for cultivating the yellow mealworms and the barley pests according to claim 1, wherein the waste residue, the corn flour, the expired biscuits or bread, the bacterial liquid, the betaine and the organic acid are prepared by the following mass ratio: 60-70 parts of: 10-15 parts of: 10-15 parts of: 10-15 parts of: 1 part of: 1 part.

7. The method for preparing a biological feed for cultivating Tenebrio molitor and Hordeum vulgare as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the waste residue is crushed, and then the waste residue, corn flour, expired biscuits or bread, bacterial liquid, betaine and organic acid are mixed and stirred uniformly to form a stirring raw material.

8. The method for preparing a biological feed for cultivating Tenebrio molitor and Hordeum vulgare as claimed in claim 7, wherein the waste residue is crushed by a hammer mill, and then the waste residue, corn flour, outdated biscuit or bread, bacterial solution, betaine and organic acid are mixed and stirred uniformly to form a stirring raw material.

9. The method for preparing a biological feed for cultivating Tenebrio molitor and Hordeum vulgare according to claim 8, wherein the hammer mill employs a 6-mesh screen.

10. The formula of the biological feed for cultivating the yellow mealworms and the barley pests is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 60-70 parts of waste residues: 10-15 parts of corn flour: 10-15 parts of overdue biscuits or bread: 10-15 parts of bacterial liquid: 1-5 parts of betaine: 1 part of organic acid.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of biological feed, in particular to a preparation method and a formula of biological feed for breeding yellow meal worms and barley worms.

Background

Tenebrio molitor and barley worm are the main feeds for fish farming. In the prior art, the feed for breeding yellow mealworms and barley pests has the following defects: the traditional fermentation mode can cause the situation that the materials are acid or smelly, so the taste of the flour weevil and the barley pest is not met, the feed has single component and high manufacturing cost, the nutrition of the feed is not beneficial to the absorption of the flour weevil and the barley pest, the feed conversion rate is low, the pest growth is slow, and the pest death rate is high.

Disclosure of Invention

Technical problem to be solved

A preparation method and a formula of a biological feed for breeding yellow meal worms and barley worms solve the technical problems of single feed component, high manufacturing cost, low feed conversion rate, slow worm growth and high worm death rate.

(II) technical scheme

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a preparation method of a biological feed for cultivating yellow mealworms and barley pests, which comprises the following steps:

uniformly mixing and stirring waste residues, corn flour, overdue biscuits or bread, bacterial liquid, betaine and organic acid to form a stirring raw material, and hermetically fermenting the stirring raw material at the temperature of 25-28 ℃ for 3-5 days, wherein the stirring raw material cannot be directly irradiated by sunlight during fermentation;

wherein the waste residue, the corn flour, the overdue biscuits or bread, the bacterial liquid, the betaine and the organic acid are in mass ratio as follows: 60-70 parts of: 10-15 parts of: 10-15 parts of: 10-15 parts of: 1-5 parts: 1 part.

And further improvement, during fermentation, the color change and the odor change of the fermentation product are observed, if the color and the luster of the fermentation product are yellow or bright, and the odor is sour and fragrant, the fermentation is normal, and the fermentation is continued after air exhaust until the fermentation is finished.

In a further improvement, the waste residue is one or a mixture of more of bean dregs, vinasse, water chestnut dregs, bagasse, cassava dregs and vegetable and fruit peels.

In a further improvement, the strain in the bacterial liquid is saccharomycetes or lactic acid bacteria.

In a further improvement, the stirred raw materials are fermented for 3 to 5 days in a sealing way at the temperature of between 25 and 28 ℃, the fermented raw materials are successfully fermented to form biological feed, 20 to 30 mass percent of wheat bran is added into the biological feed, and then the mixture is uniformly mixed.

In a further improvement, the waste residue, the corn flour, the overdue biscuits or bread, the bacterial liquid, the betaine and the organic acid are in mass ratio: 60-70 parts of: 10-15 parts of: 10-15 parts of: 10-15 parts of: 1 part of: 1 part.

The further improvement is that after the waste residue is crushed, the waste residue, the corn flour, the overdue biscuit or bread, the bacterial liquid, the betaine and the organic acid are mixed and stirred evenly to form the stirring raw material.

In a further improvement, the waste residue is crushed by a hammer mill, and then the waste residue, the corn flour, the overdue biscuit or bread, the bacterial liquid, the betaine and the organic acid are mixed and stirred uniformly to form the stirring raw material.

In a further improvement, the hammer mill adopts a 6-mesh sieve.

The invention also provides a formula of the biological feed for breeding the yellow mealworms and the barley pests, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 60-70 parts of waste residues: 10-15 parts of corn flour: 10-15 parts of overdue biscuits or bread: 10-15 parts of bacterial liquid: 1-5 parts of betaine: 1 part of organic acid.

(III) advantageous effects

The preparation method of the biological feed for cultivating the yellow mealworms and the barley pests reasonably utilizes the nutrients in the waste residues, the expired biscuits or the bread for the second time, and reduces the manufacturing cost of the biological feed; designing a scientific mixture ratio according to the requirements of the yellow mealworms and the barley pests on protein and the feeding characteristics, so that the biological feed contains rich protein; macromolecules in the waste residue, such as group fibers, lignin and the like, which cannot be directly absorbed by animals, are decomposed into micromolecular nutrient substances and a plurality of trace elements which can be well eaten and absorbed by the yellow mealworms and the barley pests through the action of bacteria liquid and enzyme, so that the absorption of the yellow mealworms and the barley pests is facilitated, the feed conversion rate is improved, and the like.

On one hand, the betaine can make the biological feed have sweet taste, accords with the taste of the flour weevil and the barley pest, enables the flour weevil and the barley pest to be loved, can greatly increase the food intake and the food intake speed of the flour weevil and the barley pest, enables the flour weevil and the barley pest to be slaughtered in advance, and has low raw material cost and high economic benefit. On the other hand, the betaine can enable the biological feed to contain sulfur-based amino acid, enable the yellow mealworms and the barley pests to meet the self nutritional requirements, synthesize necessary amino acid, and be beneficial to absorption and utilization of other substances in the biological feed.

By adding the organic acid, the insect dung sand which is pulled out after the yellow mealworms and the barley pests eat the yellow mealworms and the barley pests also contains a large amount of probiotics and organic acid, the insect dung sand is not easily polluted by bacteria, the breeding of exogenous miscellaneous insects in the insect dung sand is greatly inhibited, and the breeding production of the yellow mealworms and the barley pests is prevented from being influenced. On the other hand, the organic acid can better soften the fiber and some anti-nutritional factors in the waste residue and promote the appetite of the yellow mealworms and the barley pests and the digestion and absorption of intestinal tracts.

The preparation method of the biological feed for cultivating the yellow meal worm and the barley worm applies the fermentation and enzyme process in the biological feed technology and combines a plurality of plant protein raw materials which are liked by the yellow meal worm and the barley worm. The biological feed processed by the preparation method of the biological feed for cultivating the yellow mealworms and the barley pests only needs one-time comprehensive fermentation, is rich in various substances and elements required by the yellow mealworms and the barley pests, and is simple to manufacture. The growth is fast, and the death rate of the insects can be reduced through the bacterial liquid.

The formula of the biological feed for cultivating the yellow mealworms and the barley pests, which is provided by the invention, also has the advantages and is not described in detail herein.

Detailed Description

The following examples are given to further illustrate the embodiments of the present invention. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

A preparation method of a biological feed for cultivating yellow mealworms and barley pests comprises the following steps:

uniformly mixing and stirring waste residues, corn flour, overdue biscuits or bread, bacterial liquid, betaine and organic acid to form a stirring raw material, and hermetically fermenting the stirring raw material at the temperature of 25-28 ℃ for 3-5 days, wherein the stirring raw material cannot be directly irradiated by sunlight during fermentation;

wherein the waste residue, the corn flour, the overdue biscuits or bread, the bacterial liquid, the betaine and the organic acid are in mass ratio as follows: 60-70 parts of: 10-15 parts of: 10-15 parts of: 10-15 parts of: 1-5 parts: 1 part.

The preparation method of the biological feed for cultivating the yellow mealworms and the barley pests reasonably utilizes the nutrients in the waste residues, the expired biscuits or the bread for the second time, and reduces the manufacturing cost of the biological feed; the design is carried out according to the requirements of the yellow mealworms and the barley worms on protein and the feeding characteristics, and the biological feed contains rich protein; macromolecules in the waste residues, such as group fibers, lignin and the like, which cannot be directly absorbed by animals, are decomposed into micromolecular nutrient substances and a plurality of trace elements which can be well eaten and absorbed by the yellow mealworms and the barley pests through the action of bacteria liquid and enzyme, so that the absorption of the yellow mealworms and the barley pests is facilitated, and the feed conversion rate is improved.

On one hand, the betaine can make the biological feed have sweet taste, accords with the taste of the flour weevil and the barley pest, enables the flour weevil and the barley pest to be loved, can greatly increase the food intake and the food intake speed of the flour weevil and the barley pest, enables the flour weevil and the barley pest to be slaughtered in advance, and has low raw material cost and high economic benefit. On the other hand, the betaine can enable the biological feed to contain sulfur-based amino acid, enable the yellow mealworms and the barley pests to meet the self nutritional requirements, synthesize necessary amino acid, and be beneficial to absorption and utilization of other substances in the biological feed.

By adding the organic acid, the insect dung sand which is pulled out after the yellow mealworms and the barley pests eat the yellow mealworms and the barley pests also contains a large amount of probiotics and organic acid, the insect dung sand is not easily polluted by bacteria, the breeding of exogenous miscellaneous insects in the insect dung sand is greatly inhibited, and the breeding production of the yellow mealworms and the barley pests is prevented from being influenced. On the other hand, the organic acid can better soften the fiber and some anti-nutritional factors in the waste residue and promote the appetite of the yellow mealworms and the barley pests and the digestion and absorption of intestinal tracts.

Since the sealed fermentation is anaerobic fermentation, the temperature generally can not exceed 60 ℃, so that the stirring raw materials are preferably required not to be directly irradiated by sunlight. The fermentation time varies depending on the temperature environment at the time, and normally, the fermentation time is optimum at a temperature of 25 to 28 ℃ and, if the fermentation is carried out at a temperature lower than 20 ℃, a longer time is required.

The preparation method of the biological feed for cultivating the yellow mealworms and the barley pests in the embodiment applies the fermentation and enzyme technology in the biological feed technology, combines a plurality of plant protein raw materials which are liked to be eaten by the yellow mealworms and the barley pests, only needs one-time comprehensive fermentation to prepare the biological feed processed by the preparation method of the biological feed for cultivating the yellow mealworms and the barley pests, is rich in a plurality of substances and elements required by the yellow mealworms and the barley pests, is simple to prepare, is liked to be eaten by the yellow mealworms and the barley pests, grows fast, and can reduce the death rate of the yellow mealworms and the barley pests through the bacterial.

Specifically, the preparation method of the biological feed for cultivating the yellow mealworms and the barley pests comprises the following steps:

uniformly mixing and stirring waste residues, corn flour, overdue biscuits or bread, bacterial liquid, betaine and organic acid to form a stirring raw material, and hermetically fermenting the stirring raw material at the temperature of 27 ℃ for 4 days, wherein the stirring raw material cannot be directly irradiated by sunlight during fermentation;

wherein the waste residue, the corn flour, the overdue biscuits or bread, the bacterial liquid, the betaine and the organic acid are in mass ratio as follows: 65 parts of: 13 parts of: 13 parts of: 13 parts of: 3 parts of: 1 part.

Further, in one embodiment, during fermentation, color change and odor change of the fermentation product are observed, if the color and luster of the fermentation product are yellow or bright, and the odor is sour and fragrant, the fermentation is normal, the fermentation is continued after air exhaust until the fermentation is completed, whether the fermentation of the biological feed is successful or not is judged conveniently in time, and if the fermentation is unsuccessful, the treatment is convenient in time.

Further, in an embodiment, the waste residue is a mixture of one or more of bean dregs, vinasse, water chestnut dregs, bagasse, cassava dregs and vegetable and fruit peels. Particularly, the waste residues can be used for collecting a large amount of waste vegetable leaves, secondary fruits, rotten fruits and the like in various large vegetable and fruit wholesale markets in cities, so that the cost of the biological feed can be reduced.

Further, in an embodiment, the strain in the bacterial liquid is yeast or lactic acid bacteria, so that the breeding and propagation of other harmful bacteria can be well inhibited, the healthy growth of the flour weevil and the barley pest is ensured, and the death rate of the flour weevil and the barley pest is reduced.

Since the moisture content of the biological feed after successful fermentation is 40-60%, and the moisture content of the yellow meal worm and barley worm feed is not required to be so high, further, in an embodiment, the stirring raw material is fermented for 3-5 days in a sealing way at the temperature of 25-28 ℃, the biological feed is formed after successful fermentation, 20-30% of wheat bran by mass ratio is added into the biological feed, and then the mixture is uniformly mixed, so that the moisture content of the biological feed is adjusted, and the biological feed is more suitable for the yellow meal worm and the barley worm to eat.

Further, in an embodiment, the waste residue, the corn flour, the expired biscuits or bread, the bacteria liquid, the betaine and the organic acid are in a mass ratio of: 60-70 parts of: 10-15 parts of: 10-15 parts of: 10-15 parts of: 1 part of: 1 part.

Specifically, the waste residue, the corn flour, the overdue biscuits or bread, the bacterial liquid, the betaine and the organic acid are in mass ratio as follows: 65 parts of: 13 parts of: 13 parts of: 13 parts of: 1 part of: 1 part.

Further, in one embodiment, after the waste residue is crushed, the waste residue, the corn flour, the overdue biscuit or bread, the bacterial liquid, the betaine and the organic acid are mixed and stirred uniformly to form a stirring raw material, so that fermentation is facilitated.

Further, in one embodiment, the waste residue is crushed by a hammer mill, and then the waste residue, the corn flour, the overdue biscuits or bread, the bacterial liquid, the betaine and the organic acid are mixed and stirred uniformly to form the stirring raw material, so that the crushing effect is good.

Further, in one embodiment, the hammer mill is a 6-mesh sieve, and the crushed waste residue of the 6-mesh sieve is most suitable for subsequent fermentation.

The embodiment also provides a formula of a biological feed for breeding yellow mealworms and barley pests, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 60-70 parts of waste residues: 10-15 parts of corn flour: 10-15 parts of overdue biscuits or bread: 10-15 parts of bacterial liquid: 1-5 parts of betaine: 1 part of organic acid.

Specifically, the formula of the biological feed for breeding the yellow mealworms and the barley pests comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 65 parts of waste residues: 13 parts of corn flour: 13 parts of overdue biscuits or bread: 13 parts of bacterial liquid: 3 parts of betaine: 1 part of organic acid.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.