阅读说明：本技术 一种挖掘机用高强度齿轮的制备方法 (Preparation method of high-strength gear for excavator ) 是由 徐子链 袁德虎 袁月 汤宇发 于 2020-12-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种挖掘机用高强度齿轮的制备方法,包括以下步骤,原料准备,通过在圆钢上量取适当的长度；锻造成型,通过锻造设备对胚料进行锻造；正火,通过将胚料加热至890±10℃,保温50min时间后,从炉中取出在空气中吹风进行冷却；齿轮加工,通过加工设备对胚料进行加工,将胚料加成齿轮的形状,对齿轮进行粗加工；渗碳,对齿轮的外侧进行渗碳处理,渗碳处理时间1-2h；淬火处理,通过已经渗碳的齿轮放置等温淬火油中进行淬火处理；第一次回火,通过将齿轮放置进回火炉中,取出齿轮后进行空气冷却。本发明通过本方法对齿轮进行制备,使得齿轮的局部硬度和总体强度得到改善,使齿轮整体的性能得到大幅度的提高。(The invention discloses a preparation method of a high-strength gear for an excavator, which comprises the following steps of preparing raw materials, measuring a proper length on round steel; forging and forming, namely forging the blank by using forging equipment; normalizing, namely heating the blank to 890 +/-10 ℃, keeping the temperature for 50min, taking out the blank from the furnace, and blowing air into the air for cooling; gear machining, namely machining the blank through machining equipment, adding the blank into the shape of a gear, and roughly machining the gear; carburizing, namely carburizing the outer side of the gear for 1-2 h; quenching treatment, namely putting the carburized gear into isothermal quenching oil for quenching treatment; and (4) tempering for the first time, namely placing the gear into a tempering furnace, taking out the gear and then cooling the gear by air. The gear is prepared by the method, so that the local hardness and the overall strength of the gear are improved, and the overall performance of the gear is greatly improved.)

1. A preparation method of a high-strength gear for an excavator is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step S1, preparing raw materials, namely cutting the round steel to realize blanking of the round steel through a blanking device by measuring a proper length on the round steel, and preparing blanks for subsequent gear manufacturing;

step S2, forging and forming, namely heating the prepared blank, placing the heated blank on a flat anvil of free forging equipment, and forging the blank through the forging equipment;

step S3, normalizing, namely heating the blank to 890 +/-10 ℃, keeping the temperature for 50min, taking the blank out of a furnace, and cooling the blank by blowing air in the air, so that the hardness of the low-carbon alloy steel is improved, the cutting processing is facilitated, crystal grains are refined, and the material strength is improved;

step S4, gear machining, namely machining the blank through machining equipment, adding the shape of the gear to the blank, and roughly machining the gear;

step S5, carburizing, namely putting the rough gear into a carburizing furnace to 890 +/-10 ℃, and carburizing the outer side of the gear for 1-2 hours;

step S6, quenching, namely putting the carburized gear into isothermal quenching oil for quenching;

step S7, tempering for the first time, namely placing the gear into a tempering furnace, adding the gear into the tempering furnace to the temperature of 200-250 ℃, preserving the heat for 2-2.5h, and cooling the gear by air after being taken out;

step S8, local quenching, namely, using a quenching coil to perform high-frequency heating on the outer side of the gear, and performing local quenching on the outer side of the gear after the gear is heated;

and step S9, tempering for the second time, namely placing the gear into a tempering furnace, heating to 150 ℃ and 220 ℃, keeping the temperature for 3-3.5h, taking out, and air cooling to the normal temperature.

2. The method for manufacturing a high-strength gear for excavators according to claim 1, characterized by comprising: in step S2, the heated blank is forged by using a steam air hammer, so that the blank is plastically deformed without separation, the shape and size of the blank meet the requirements of a gear, the defects of as-cast group structure are eliminated, the strength and toughness of the material are increased, the structure preparation is made for the subsequent heat treatment, and the machining allowance of the blank is reduced.

3. The method for manufacturing a high-strength gear for excavators according to claim 1, characterized by comprising: and in the step S3, when the blank is normalized, the blank is charged into a furnace and is kept horizontally, so that the heating is uniform, the deformation is avoided, and the blank is discharged from the furnace after heat preservation and is hung down for air cooling.

4. The method for manufacturing a high-strength gear for excavators according to claim 1, characterized by comprising: when the gear is machined in the step S4, the inner hole of the bicycle is machined on the gear, and then the spline of the gear is pulled to position and roughly machine the gear teeth through the spline hole.

5. The method for manufacturing a high-strength gear for excavators according to claim 1, characterized by comprising: in the step S6, the carburized gear is placed in isothermal quenching oil for quenching treatment, wherein the isothermal temperature of the quenching oil is 200-250 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 7-8 hours.

6. The method for manufacturing a high-strength gear for excavators according to claim 1, characterized by comprising: in the step S8, the outer side of the gear is heated to 950-fold 980 ℃ through the quenching coil, then the gear is placed into quenching oil to be cooled to 350 ℃ and is kept warm for 1min, and then the gear is taken out to be cooled to normal temperature through air, so that the outer side of the gear is quenched.

7. The method for manufacturing a high-strength gear for excavators according to claim 1, characterized by comprising: in the step S9, the gear is tempered for the second time, and then the outer side of the gear is polished by a polishing device, and then the gear is subjected to rust-proof treatment after polishing, and then the gear is stored in a warehouse after treatment.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of high-strength gears, in particular to a preparation method of a high-strength gear for an excavator.

Background

An excavator, also known as a digging machine, also known as an excavator, is an earth moving machine that excavates materials higher or lower than a machine bearing surface with a bucket and loads the materials into a transport vehicle or unloads the materials to a stockyard;

the gear is a mechanical element with a rim on which the gear is continuously meshed to transmit motion and power, the gear is applied in transmission very early, at the end of 19 th century, the principle of generating a gear cutting method and the successive occurrence of a special machine tool and a cutter for cutting the gear by using the principle are realized, along with the development of production, the stability of the gear operation is emphasized, and therefore, the preparation method of the high-strength gear for the excavator is provided.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a high-strength gear for an excavator, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a preparation method of a high-strength gear for an excavator comprises the following steps:

step S1, preparing raw materials, namely cutting the round steel to realize blanking of the round steel through a blanking device by measuring a proper length on the round steel, and preparing blanks for subsequent gear manufacturing;

step S2, forging and forming, namely heating the prepared blank, placing the heated blank on a flat anvil of free forging equipment, and forging the blank through the forging equipment;

step S3, normalizing, namely heating the blank to 890 +/-10 ℃, keeping the temperature for 50min, taking the blank out of a furnace, and cooling the blank by blowing air in the air, so that the hardness of the low-carbon alloy steel is improved, the cutting processing is facilitated, crystal grains are refined, and the material strength is improved;

step S4, gear machining, namely machining the blank through machining equipment, adding the shape of the gear to the blank, and roughly machining the gear;

step S5, carburizing, namely putting the rough gear into a carburizing furnace to 890 +/-10 ℃, and carburizing the outer side of the gear for 1-2 hours;

step S6, quenching, namely putting the carburized gear into isothermal quenching oil for quenching;

step S7, tempering for the first time, namely placing the gear into a tempering furnace, adding the gear into the tempering furnace to the temperature of 200-250 ℃, preserving the heat for 2-2.5h, and cooling the gear by air after being taken out;

step S8, local quenching, namely, using a quenching coil to perform high-frequency heating on the outer side of the gear, and performing local quenching on the outer side of the gear after the gear is heated;

step S9, tempering for the second time, namely placing the gear into a tempering furnace, heating to 150 ℃ and 220 ℃, keeping the temperature for 3-3.5h, taking out, and air cooling to normal temperature;

further, in step S2, the heated blank is forged by using a steam air hammer, so that the blank is plastically deformed without being separated, the shape and size of the blank meet the requirements of a gear, the defect of as-cast group structure is eliminated, the strength and toughness of the material are increased, the structure preparation is made for the subsequent heat treatment, and the machining allowance of the blank is reduced;

further, when the blank is normalized in the step S3, the blank is charged into a furnace and kept flat, so that the heating is uniform, the deformation is avoided, and the blank is discharged from the furnace after heat preservation and is hung down for air cooling;

further, when the gear is processed in the step S4, firstly, the inner hole of the bicycle is processed on the gear, and then the spline of the gear is pulled, so as to position the rough-processed gear teeth by the spline hole;

further, in the step S6, the carburized gear is placed in isothermal quenching oil for quenching treatment, wherein the isothermal temperature of the quenching oil is 200-250 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 7-8 hours;

further, in the step S8, the outer side of the gear is heated to 950-;

further, in step S9, the gear is tempered for the second time, and then the outer side of the gear is polished by a polishing device, and then the gear is subjected to rust-proof treatment after polishing, and then the gear is stored in a warehouse after treatment.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention prepares the gear by the method, improves the local hardness and the overall strength of the gear, greatly improves the overall performance of the gear,

drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic overall flow chart of a manufacturing method of a high-strength gear for an excavator according to the present invention

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution:

a preparation method of a high-strength gear for an excavator comprises the following steps:

step S1, preparing raw materials, namely cutting the round steel to realize blanking of the round steel through a blanking device by measuring a proper length on the round steel, and preparing blanks for subsequent gear manufacturing;

step S2, forging and forming, namely heating the prepared blank, placing the heated blank on a flat anvil of free forging equipment, and forging the blank through the forging equipment;

step S3, normalizing, namely heating the blank to 880 ℃, keeping the temperature for 50min, taking the blank out of the furnace, and cooling the blank by blowing air in the air, so that the hardness of the low-carbon alloy steel is improved, the cutting processing is facilitated, the crystal grains are refined, and the material strength is improved;

step S4, gear machining, namely machining the blank through machining equipment, adding the shape of the gear to the blank, and roughly machining the gear;

step S5, carburizing, namely putting the rough gear into a carburizing furnace to 880 ℃, and carburizing the outer side of the gear for 2 hours;

step S6, quenching, namely putting the carburized gear into isothermal quenching oil for quenching;

step S7, tempering for the first time, namely placing the gear into a tempering furnace, adding the gear into the tempering furnace to keep the temperature at 200 ℃ for 2.5 hours, and taking out the gear and cooling the gear by air;

step S8, local quenching, namely, using a quenching coil to perform high-frequency heating on the outer side of the gear, and performing local quenching on the outer side of the gear after the gear is heated;

step S9, tempering for the second time, namely placing the gear into a tempering furnace, heating to 150 ℃, keeping the temperature for 3.5 hours, taking out, and cooling in air to normal temperature;

in the invention, in step S2, a steam air hammer is used for forging the heated blank, so that the blank generates plastic deformation under the condition of no separation, the shape and the size of the blank meet the requirements of a gear, the defects of as-cast group tissues are eliminated, the strength and the toughness of the material are increased, the tissue preparation is made for the subsequent heat treatment, and the processing allowance of the blank is reduced;

in the invention, when the blank is normalized in the step S3, the blank is charged into a furnace and is kept flat, so that the heating is uniform, the deformation is avoided, and the blank is taken out of the furnace after heat preservation and is hung down for air cooling;

in the invention, when the gear is processed in the step S4, firstly, the inner hole of the bicycle is processed on the gear, then the spline of the gear is pulled, and the gear teeth are roughly processed by the spline hole;

in the invention, in step S6, the carburized gear is placed in isothermal quenching oil for quenching treatment, the isothermal temperature of the quenching oil is 200 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 8 hours;

in the invention, in step S8, the outer side of the gear is heated to 950 ℃ by a quenching coil, then the gear is placed into quenching oil to be cooled to 350 ℃ and is kept warm for 1min, and then the gear is taken out and air-cooled to normal temperature, so that the outer side of the gear is quenched;

in the invention, in step S9, the gear is tempered for the second time and then the outer side of the gear is polished by polishing equipment, the gear is subjected to rust prevention treatment after polishing is finished, and the gear is stored in a warehouse after the treatment is finished.

Example 2

A preparation method of a high-strength gear for an excavator comprises the following steps:

step S1, preparing raw materials, namely cutting the round steel to realize blanking of the round steel through a blanking device by measuring a proper length on the round steel, and preparing blanks for subsequent gear manufacturing;

step S2, forging and forming, namely heating the prepared blank, placing the heated blank on a flat anvil of free forging equipment, and forging the blank through the forging equipment;

step S3, normalizing, namely heating the blank to 900 ℃, keeping the temperature for 50min, taking the blank out of the furnace, and cooling the blank by blowing air in the air, so that the hardness of the low-carbon alloy steel is improved, the cutting processing is facilitated, the crystal grains are refined, and the material strength is improved;

step S4, gear machining, namely machining the blank through machining equipment, adding the shape of the gear to the blank, and roughly machining the gear;

step S5, carburizing, namely putting the rough gear into a carburizing furnace to be added to 900 ℃, and carburizing the outer side of the gear for 1 h;

step S6, quenching, namely putting the carburized gear into isothermal quenching oil for quenching;

step S7, tempering for the first time, namely placing the gear into a tempering furnace, adding the gear into the tempering furnace to the temperature of 250 ℃, preserving the heat for 2 hours, taking out the gear, and cooling the gear by air;

step S8, local quenching, namely, using a quenching coil to perform high-frequency heating on the outer side of the gear, and performing local quenching on the outer side of the gear after the gear is heated;

step S9, tempering for the second time, namely placing the gear into a tempering furnace, heating to 220 ℃, keeping the temperature for 3 hours, taking out, and cooling in air to normal temperature;

in the present invention, in step S2, a steam air hammer is used to forge the heated blank, so that the blank is plastically deformed without separation, the shape and size of the blank meet the requirements of a gear, the defect of as-cast group structure is eliminated, the strength and toughness of the material are increased, the structure preparation is made for the subsequent heat treatment, and the machining allowance of the blank is reduced;

in the invention, when the blank is normalized in the step S3, the blank is charged into a furnace and is kept flat, so that the heating is uniform, the deformation is avoided, and the blank is taken out of the furnace after heat preservation and is hung down for air cooling;

in the invention, when the gear is processed in the step S4, firstly, the inner hole of the bicycle is processed on the gear, and then the spline of the gear is pulled, so as to position and roughly process the gear teeth by the spline hole;

in the invention, in the step S6, the carburized gear is placed in isothermal quenching oil for quenching treatment, the isothermal temperature of the quenching oil is 250 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 7 hours;

in the invention, in the step S8, the outer side of the gear is heated to 980 ℃ through the quenching coil, then the gear is placed into quenching oil to be cooled to 350 ℃ and is kept warm for 1min, and then the gear is taken out and air-cooled to normal temperature, so that the outer side of the gear is quenched;

in the present invention, in step S9, the gear is tempered for the second time, and then the outer side of the gear is polished by a polishing device, and then the gear is subjected to rust prevention after polishing, and then the gear is stored in a warehouse after the rust prevention is completed

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.