阅读说明：本技术 深紫外正型光刻胶成膜树脂及其制备方法 (Deep ultraviolet positive photoresist film-forming resin and preparation method thereof ) 是由 孙奇伟 白钢 独文倩 于 2020-12-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种深紫外正型光刻胶成膜树脂及其制备方法。本发明以羟基苯乙烯与N-取代马来酰亚胺类化合物共聚制得的共聚物,其分子链中含有大量的苯环和五元杂环结构,使聚合物具有优异的耐高温性能；同时侧链中存在大量的酚羟基,其可溶于碱性水溶性显影剂,为其作为光刻胶成膜树脂提供了可行性。(The invention relates to a deep ultraviolet positive photoresist film-forming resin and a preparation method thereof. The molecular chain of the copolymer prepared by copolymerizing hydroxystyrene and N-substituted maleimide compounds contains a large amount of benzene rings and five-membered heterocyclic structures, so that the polymer has excellent high-temperature resistance; meanwhile, a large number of phenolic hydroxyl groups exist in the side chain, and the side chain is soluble in an alkaline water-soluble developer, so that the feasibility is provided for the side chain to be used as a photoresist film-forming resin.)

1. The deep ultraviolet high temperature resistant positive photoresist film forming resin is characterized by comprising a copolymer with the following structural general formula:

wherein R is selected fromm is an integer of 50 to 100, and n is an integer of 80 to 150.

2. The method for preparing the deep ultraviolet high temperature resistant positive photoresist film forming resin of claim 1, comprising the steps of:

dissolving hydroxystyrene and an N-substituted maleimide compound in an organic solvent, introducing a protective atmosphere to remove oxygen, reacting at a constant temperature of 65-90 ℃ for 10-30 h under the action of an initiator, cooling to 20-30 ℃, adding water under stirring, performing suction filtration, washing and drying to obtain the deep ultraviolet high temperature resistant positive photoresist film forming resin.

3. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the preparation process of the deep ultraviolet high temperature resistant positive photoresist film-forming resin, the raw materials are fed according to the following parts by weight: 20-40 parts of hydroxystyrene, 25-50 parts of N-substituted maleimide compounds, 30-50 parts of organic solvent and 0.1-0.5 part of initiator.

4. The method according to claim 2, wherein the organic solvent is at least one of acetone, 2-butanone, N-dimethylformamide, N-dimethylacetamide, tetrahydrofuran, toluene, xylene, dimethylsulfoxide, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, and N-methylpyrrolidone.

5. The method of claim 2, wherein said initiator is at least one of azobisisobutyronitrile, azobisisoheptonitrile, dimethyl azobisisobutyrate, benzoyl peroxide t-butyl peroxide, and methyl ethyl ketone peroxide.

6. The method of claim 2, wherein the N-substituted maleimide compound is prepared by the following steps: in an organic solvent, maleic anhydride and aromatic amine or aliphatic amine are subjected to the action of a dehydrating agent and a catalyst to prepare an N-substituted maleimide compound, wherein the structural general formula of the N-substituted maleimide compound is as follows:

wherein R is selected from

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the catalyst comprises at least one of nickel acetate, zirconium n-butoxide, stannous octoate, stannous isooctanoate, dibutyltin dilaurate, tetrabutyl titanate, or zinc acetate.

8. The method according to claim 6, wherein the dehydrating agent comprises one or more of formic anhydride, acetic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, and molecular sieves.

9. The method according to claim 6, wherein in the preparation process of the N-substituted maleimide compound, the raw materials are fed according to the following weight portions: 20-40 parts of maleic anhydride, 20-40 parts of aromatic amine or aliphatic amine, 40-60 parts of organic solvent, 2-5 parts of dehydrating agent and 0.5-2.5 parts of catalyst.

10. The method of claim 2, wherein the protective atmosphere is nitrogen or an inert gas.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of photoetching, in particular to a deep ultraviolet positive photoresist film-forming resin and a preparation method thereof.

Background

A photoresist, also called a photoresist, is a corrosion resistant film material whose solubility changes by irradiation or radiation with ultraviolet light, electron beams, particle beams, X-rays, etc. It has the features of fast curing speed, low solvent release, etc. and is used mainly in the fine pattern processing of integrated circuit and semiconductor separating device and has been applied gradually in the manufacture of flat panel display in photoelectronic industry. Photoresists are a critical base material for performing photolithography processes in microelectronic fabrication, which is determining the state of the art in microelectronics. The photoresist is generally composed of film-forming resin, photosensitizer, solvent and some additives, wherein the main film-forming resin is one of the most main components of the photoresist and is used as a framework of the photoresist, and the performance of the main film-forming resin has a decisive influence on the performance of the photoresist.

At present, linear phenolic resin polymers are widely used as film-forming resins of g-line, i-line and even Deep-UV positive photoresist, but the glass transition temperature of the linear phenolic resin is lower (between 70 and 120 ℃), and the heat resistance is insufficient. Due to some high temperature conditions and environments in microelectronics processing, such as multilayer resist systems, ion implantation techniques, etc., it is desirable that the resist pattern not deform at temperatures of 200 ℃ or even higher.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a deep ultraviolet high temperature resistant positive photoresist film forming resin and a preparation method thereof, a copolymer prepared by copolymerizing hydroxystyrene and N-substituted maleimide compounds contains a large amount of benzene rings and five-membered heterocyclic structures in a molecular chain, so that the polymer has excellent high temperature resistance; meanwhile, a large number of phenolic hydroxyl groups exist in the side chain, and the side chain is soluble in an alkaline water-soluble developer, so that the feasibility is provided for the side chain to be used as a photoresist film-forming resin.

The first purpose of the invention is to provide a deep-ultraviolet high-temperature resistant positive photoresist film-forming resin, which comprises a copolymer with the following structural general formula:

wherein R is selected fromm is an integer of 50 to 100, and n is an integer of 80 to 150.

The second purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of the deep ultraviolet high temperature resistant positive photoresist film-forming resin, which comprises the following steps:

dissolving hydroxystyrene and an N-substituted maleimide compound in an organic solvent, introducing a protective atmosphere to remove oxygen, reacting at a constant temperature of 65-90 ℃ for 10-30 h under the action of an initiator, cooling to 20-30 ℃, adding water under stirring, performing suction filtration, washing and drying to obtain the deep ultraviolet high temperature resistant positive photoresist film forming resin.

Further, in the preparation process of the deep ultraviolet high temperature resistant positive photoresist film-forming resin, the raw materials are fed according to the following parts by weight: 20-40 parts of hydroxystyrene, 25-50 parts of N-substituted maleimide compounds, 30-50 parts of organic solvent and 0.1-0.5 part of initiator.

Further, the organic solvent is at least one of acetone, 2-butanone, N-dimethylformamide, N-dimethylacetamide, tetrahydrofuran, toluene, xylene, dimethyl sulfoxide, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate and N-methylpyrrolidone.

Further, the initiator is at least one of azobisisobutyronitrile, azobisisoheptonitrile, dimethyl azobisisobutyrate, benzoyl peroxide tert-butyl ester and methyl ethyl ketone peroxide.

Further, the N-substituted maleimide compound is prepared by the following method: in an organic solvent, maleic anhydride and aromatic amine or aliphatic amine are subjected to the action of a dehydrating agent and a catalyst to prepare an N-substituted maleimide compound, wherein the structural general formula of the N-substituted maleimide compound is as follows:

wherein R is selected from

Further, the catalyst comprises at least one of nickel acetate, zirconium n-butyl alcohol, stannous octoate, stannous isooctanoate, dibutyltin dilaurate, tetrabutyl titanate or zinc acetate.

Further, the dehydrating agent comprises one or more of formic anhydride, acetic anhydride, phthalic anhydride and molecular sieve.

Further, in the preparation process of the N-substituted maleimide compound, the raw materials are fed according to the following parts by weight: 20-40 parts of maleic anhydride, 20-40 parts of aromatic amine or aliphatic amine, 40-60 parts of organic solvent, 2-5 parts of dehydrating agent and 0.5-2.5 parts of catalyst.

Further, the protective atmosphere is nitrogen or inert gas.

By the scheme, the invention at least has the following advantages:

the resist film-forming resin provided by the embodiment of the invention contains a large number of benzene rings and five-membered heterocyclic structures, so that the polymer has excellent high-temperature resistance.

The side chain of the photoresist film-forming resin provided by the embodiment of the invention contains a large amount of phenolic hydroxyl groups, so that the photoresist film-forming resin is soluble in an alkaline water-soluble developer, and the feasibility is provided for the photoresist film-forming resin.

The foregoing is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical solutions of the present invention more clear and clear, and to implement the technical solutions according to the content of the description, the following is a description of preferred embodiments of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The following examples are given to further illustrate the embodiments of the present invention. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

Example 1:

in a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer and a reflux condenser, 54g of maleic anhydride and 200mL of acetone were charged and dissolved by stirring. Under the conditions of stirring and cooling in an ice-water bath, slowly dropwise adding a mixed solution of 46.6g of freshly distilled aniline and 200mL of acetone, wherein the temperature of the system is controlled below 10 ℃ in the dropwise adding process, and a large amount of yellow precipitate is generated. Heating and refluxing at 55-60 deg.C for 0.5h, adding 50mL of acetic anhydride and 4.2g of nickel acetate, and refluxing for 2.5 h. And after cooling, pouring the reaction product into cold water, generating yellow precipitate, performing suction filtration, washing to be neutral, and drying to obtain the N-phenylmaleimide.

Example 2:

in a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer and a reflux condenser, 54g of maleic anhydride, 200mL of toluene and 20mL of DMF were charged and dissolved by stirring. 54.5g of aminophenol were slowly added and reacted at room temperature for 2 h. 0.5g of tetrabutyl titanate catalyst is added and heated under reflux at the temperature of 100 ℃ and 110 ℃ for 3.5 h. Removing most of the solvent, cooling, pouring the reaction product into cold water, generating brown precipitate, performing suction filtration, washing to be neutral, and drying to obtain the N- (rho-hydroxyphenyl) maleimide.

Example 3:

in a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer and a reflux condenser, 54g of maleic anhydride, 200mL of toluene and 20mL of DMF were charged and dissolved by stirring. 32.5g of cyclohexylamine were slowly added and reacted at room temperature for 1.5 h. 0.5g of tetrabutyl titanate catalyst is added and heated under reflux at the temperature of 100 ℃ and 110 ℃ for 3.5 h. Removing most of the solvent, cooling, pouring the reaction product into cold water, generating brown precipitate, performing suction filtration, washing with water to be neutral, and drying to obtain the N-cyclohexyl maleimide.

Example 4:

dissolving 24g of hydroxystyrene and 28g of N-phenylmaleimide in toluene, introducing inert gas argon to remove oxygen, reacting in a thermostatic water bath at 65-90 ℃ for 24 hours under the action of an initiator azobisisobutyronitrile, cooling to room temperature, slowly injecting a large amount of deionized water under the stirring condition, carrying out suction filtration, washing with deionized water for several times, and carrying out vacuum drying to constant weight to obtain polyhydroxystyrene-co-N-phenylmaleimide.

Example 5:

dissolving 24g of hydroxystyrene and 28g of N- (rho-hydroxyphenyl) maleimide in toluene, introducing inert gas argon to remove oxygen, reacting in a thermostatic water bath at 65-90 ℃ for 24 hours under the action of an initiator azobisisobutyronitrile, cooling to room temperature, slowly injecting a large amount of deionized water under the stirring condition, performing suction filtration, washing with deionized water for several times, and performing vacuum drying to constant weight to obtain polyhydroxystyrene-co-N- (rho-hydroxyphenyl) maleimide.

Example 6:

dissolving 24g of hydroxystyrene and 28g of N-cyclohexylmaleimide in toluene, introducing inert gas argon to remove oxygen, reacting in a thermostatic water bath at 65-90 ℃ for 24 hours under the action of an initiator azobisisobutyronitrile, cooling to room temperature, slowly injecting a large amount of deionized water under the stirring condition, performing suction filtration, washing with deionized water for several times, and performing vacuum drying to constant weight to obtain polyhydroxystyrene-co-N-cyclohexylmaleimide.

Example 7:

dissolving 24g of hydroxystyrene, 12g of N-phenylmaleimide and 15g of N- (rho-hydroxyphenyl) maleimide in toluene, introducing inert gas argon to remove oxygen, reacting in a thermostatic water bath at 65-90 ℃ for 24h under the action of an initiator azobisisobutyronitrile, cooling to room temperature, slowly injecting a large amount of deionized water under the stirring condition, carrying out suction filtration, washing with deionized water for several times, and drying in vacuum to constant weight to obtain polyhydroxystyrene-co-N-phenylmaleimide-co-N- (rho-hydroxyphenyl) maleimide.

Example 8:

dissolving 24g of hydroxystyrene, 12g of N-phenylmaleimide and 15g of N-cyclohexylmaleimide in toluene, introducing inert gas argon to remove oxygen, reacting in a 65-90 ℃ constant-temperature water bath under the action of an initiator azobisisobutyronitrile for 24 hours, cooling to room temperature, slowly injecting a large amount of deionized water under the stirring condition, carrying out suction filtration, washing with deionized water for several times, and drying in vacuum to constant weight to obtain polyhydroxystyrene-co-N-phenylmaleimide-co-N-cyclohexylmaleimide.

Example 9:

dissolving 24g of hydroxystyrene, 12g of N- (rho-hydroxyphenyl) maleimide and 15g of N-cyclohexylmaleimide in toluene, introducing inert gas argon to remove oxygen, reacting in a thermostatic water bath at 65-90 ℃ for 24h under the action of an initiator azobisisobutyronitrile, cooling to room temperature, slowly injecting a large amount of deionized water under the stirring condition, carrying out suction filtration, washing with deionized water for several times, and drying in vacuum to constant weight to obtain polyhydroxystyrene-co-N- (rho-hydroxyphenyl) maleimide-co-N-cyclohexylmaleimide.

Example 10:

dissolving 24g of hydroxystyrene, 12g of N-phenylmaleimide, 12g of N- (rho-hydroxyphenyl) maleimide and 15g of N-cyclohexylmaleimide in toluene, introducing inert gas argon to remove oxygen, reacting in a thermostatic water bath at 65-90 ℃ for 24h under the action of an initiator azobisisobutyronitrile, cooling to room temperature, slowly injecting a large amount of deionized water under the stirring condition, carrying out suction filtration, washing with deionized water for several times, and drying in vacuum to constant weight to obtain polyhydroxystyrene-co-N-phenylmaleimide-co-N- (rho-hydroxyphenyl) maleimide-co-N-cyclohexylmaleimide.

Various experiments were carried out with varying types of comonomers with hydroxystyrene, and the results are shown in the following table:

TABLE 1 molecular weight, distribution and thermal behavior of copolymers of hydroxystyrene and different N-substituted maleimides

Experimental group	Mw(g/mol)	Mw/Mn	Glass transition temperature (Tg)/. deg.C
				Example 4	5.336×104	2.135	256.4
Example 5	4.820×104	1.842	274.3
				Example 6	3.784×104	1.957	204.9
Example 7	4.542×104	2.355	262.1
				Example 8	3.521×104	1.974	248.4
Example 9	4.168×104	2.157	223.3
				Example 10	4.986×104	2.545	229.7

As can be seen from Table 1, the glass transition temperatures of the obtained copolymers are all greater than 200 ℃, and the use requirements of high-temperature conditions and environment are basically met. Meanwhile, the influence of the N-substituted maleimide compound on the thermal property of the copolymer can be seen to be that N- (rho-hydroxyphenyl) maleimide is larger than N-phenylmaleimide and is larger than N-cyclohexylmaleimide in turn, which is mainly caused by the size of a substituent group of the N-substituted maleimide compound. The larger the side chain of the copolymer is, the larger the steric hindrance is, the more difficult the chain segment of the molecular chain moves, and the more favorable the thermal property of the copolymer is.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, many modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.