阅读说明：本技术 一种无人机弹射器快速刹车及能量回收电路 (Rapid braking and energy recovery circuit of catapult of unmanned aerial vehicle ) 是由 田震 陈建国 卜春光 孙祺 刘套 解赛鹏 于 2020-12-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种无人机弹射器快速刹车及能量回收电路,涉及无人机弹射器技术领域,能够实现电源正常供电和刹车能量回收的切换,防反压、输出电流强、电路实现简单；该电路包括：电机驱动通路,用于驱动电机正常工作；能量回收通路,用于进行能量的回收并为电源装置充电；切换电路,用于实现供电模式和能量回收模式的切换；控制器,用于控制切换电路进行模式切换以及控制电机驱动通路对电机进行驱动；电源装置,用于供电以及接收回收的电能；能量回收通路包括：超级电容,用于存储回收的能量；反向抑制电路,用于实现超级电容为电源装置充电,并防止电源装置反向为超级电容充电。本发明提供的技术方案适用于无人机弹射的过程中。(The invention provides a rapid braking and energy recovery circuit of an unmanned aerial vehicle ejector, relates to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicle ejectors, can realize the switching of normal power supply and braking energy recovery of a power supply, and has the advantages of back pressure prevention, strong output current and simple circuit realization; the circuit includes: the motor driving path is used for driving the motor to normally work; an energy recovery path for recovering energy and charging the power supply device; the switching circuit is used for realizing switching between a power supply mode and an energy recovery mode; the controller is used for controlling the switching circuit to switch modes and controlling the motor driving path to drive the motor; the power supply device is used for supplying power and receiving the recovered electric energy; the energy recovery path includes: a super capacitor for storing the recovered energy; and the reverse suppression circuit is used for realizing that the super capacitor charges the power supply device and preventing the power supply device from reversely charging the super capacitor. The technical scheme provided by the invention is suitable for the ejection process of the unmanned aerial vehicle.)

1. The utility model provides an unmanned aerial vehicle catapult quick brake and energy recuperation circuit, its characterized in that, the circuit includes:

the motor driving path is used for driving the motor to normally work;

an energy recovery path for recovering energy and charging the power supply device;

the switching circuit is respectively connected with the motor driving path and the energy recovery path and is used for realizing the switching between the power supply mode and the energy recovery mode;

the controller is used for controlling the switching circuit to switch modes and controlling the motor driving path to drive the motor;

and the power supply device is used for supplying power and receiving the recovered electric energy.

2. The UAV ejector quick brake and energy recovery circuit of claim 1, wherein the energy recovery path comprises:

the super capacitor is used for storing the recovered electric energy;

and the reverse suppression circuit is used for connecting the super capacitor and the power supply device, realizing that the super capacitor charges the power supply device and preventing the power supply device from reversely charging the super capacitor.

3. The unmanned aerial vehicle catapult quick brake and energy recovery circuit of claim 1, wherein the switching circuit comprises a power supply branch and an energy recovery branch;

the power supply branch is respectively connected with the controller and the power supply end of a full-bridge circuit in the motor driving path;

and the energy recovery branch is respectively connected with the controller and the super capacitor in the energy recovery path.

4. The unmanned aerial vehicle catapult quick brake and energy recovery circuit of claim 3, wherein the power supply branch comprises a first MOSFET driver and a first on-off chip; the control signal input end of the first MOSFET driver is connected with the controller, the control signal output end of the first MOSFET driver is connected with the first on-off chip, and the TS end of the first MOSFET driver is connected with the power supply end of the full-bridge circuit; the first on-off chip is also connected with the power supply end of the full-bridge circuit.

5. The unmanned aerial vehicle catapult quick brake and energy recovery circuit of claim 3, wherein the energy recovery branch comprises a second MOSFET driver and a second on-off chip; the control signal input end of the second MOSFET driver is connected with the controller, the control signal output end of the second MOSFET driver is connected with the second on-off chip, and the TS end of the second MOSFET driver is connected with the energy recovery channel;

the second on-off chip is connected with the power supply end of the full-bridge circuit.

6. The rapid braking and energy recovery circuit of the catapult of the unmanned aerial vehicle as claimed in claim 4 or 5, wherein the on-off chips are all N-channel field effect transistors.

7. The UAV catapult quick braking and energy recovery circuit of claim 4 or 5, wherein a bootstrap capacitor is connected in series between the TS terminal and the BST terminal of the MOSFET driver.

8. The rapid braking and energy recovery circuit of the unmanned aerial vehicle catapult of claim 2, wherein the reverse suppression circuit comprises a charge pump chip U1 and a third break-over chip Q1; the charge pump chip U1 controls the on-off of the third connection breaking chip Q1 according to the power supply voltage of the power supply device and the voltage of the super capacitor, so that the super capacitor is charged for the power supply device, and the power supply device is prevented from reversely charging the super capacitor.

9. The circuit of claim 8, wherein the input terminal of the charge pump chip U1 is connected to the super capacitor and the third on-off chip Q1, the output terminal thereof is connected to the power supply terminal of the power supply device and the third on-off chip Q1, and the GATE terminal thereof is connected to the third on-off chip Q1.

10. An unmanned aerial vehicle catapult, characterized in that the catapult adopts the circuit as claimed in any one of claims 1-9 to control a brushless direct current motor, thereby realizing the recovery of braking energy.

[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device

The invention relates to the technical field of an unmanned aerial vehicle ejector, in particular to a quick brake and energy recovery circuit of the unmanned aerial vehicle ejector.

[ background of the invention ]

The small unmanned aerial vehicle has the characteristics of high reliability and safety, and can be widely applied to the fields of target reconnaissance, target detection and the like. The unmanned aerial vehicle catapult can guarantee the quick launch and the free flight of unmanned aerial vehicle system.

The unmanned aerial vehicle catapult is used for controlling the quick start and stop of the brushless direct current motor. The brushless DC motor is developed on the basis of the brush DC motor, and an electronic switching circuit is used for replacing a mechanical commutator of the brush DC motor, so that the brushless DC motor has the characteristics of low electrical noise, long service life and high reliability. The brushless direct current motor controls the stator winding to change the phase by detecting the magnetic pole position of the rotor, so that the current in the armature winding of the motor is changed in phase according to a certain sequence along with the change of the rotor position, and the output efficiency is ensured to be optimal.

The conventional brushless dc motor control method is shown in fig. 1, and includes a power supply device, a brushless dc motor controller, a full-bridge driver and a full-bridge circuit, and this method can control the brushless dc motor to normally operate, but when the brushless dc motor is braked, the full-bridge circuit generally adopts a method that an upper bridge arm power field effect transistor is fully open, a lower bridge arm power field effect transistor is fully closed or the upper bridge arm power field effect transistor is fully closed, and the lower bridge arm power field effect transistor is fully open, and this method has the following disadvantages:

1. the coil of the brushless direct current motor is easy to burn under the condition of high voltage and strong current;

2. under the condition of heavy load, the brushless direct current motor has low braking efficiency and long braking distance;

3. and the energy loss and the energy consumption are high due to the lack of a brake energy recovery device.

In view of the above, there is a need to research a fast braking and energy recovery circuit for an unmanned aerial vehicle ejector to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, so as to solve or alleviate one or more of the above problems.

[ summary of the invention ]

In view of the above, the invention provides a rapid braking and energy recovery circuit for an unmanned aerial vehicle ejector, which can realize the switching between normal power supply and braking energy recovery of a power supply device, and also has the functions of preventing back voltage, strong output current and simple circuit realization.

In one aspect, the invention provides a circuit for quickly braking and recovering energy of an unmanned aerial vehicle ejector, which is characterized by comprising:

the motor driving path is used for driving the motor to normally work;

an energy recovery path for recovering energy and charging the power supply device;

the switching circuit is respectively connected with the motor driving path and the energy recovery path and is used for realizing the switching of a motor power supply mode and an energy recovery mode;

the controller is used for controlling the switching circuit to switch modes and controlling the motor driving path to drive the motor;

and the power supply device is used for supplying power and receiving the recovered electric energy.

The above-described aspects and any possible implementations further provide an implementation in which the energy recovery path includes:

the super capacitor is used for storing the recovered electric energy;

and the reverse suppression circuit is used for connecting the super capacitor and the power supply device, realizing that the super capacitor charges the power supply device and preventing the power supply device from reversely charging the super capacitor.

The above aspect and any possible implementation manner further provide an implementation manner, where the switching circuit includes a power supply branch and an energy recovery branch;

the power supply branch is respectively connected with the controller and the power supply end of a full-bridge circuit in the motor driving path;

the energy recovery branch is respectively connected with the controller and the super capacitor in the energy recovery path.

The above aspect and any possible implementation further provide an implementation in which the power supply branch includes a first MOSFET driver and a first on-off chip; the control signal input end of the first MOSFET driver is connected with the controller, the control signal output end of the first MOSFET driver is connected with the first on-off chip, and the TS end of the first MOSFET driver is connected with the power supply end of the full bridge circuit; the first on-off chip is also connected with the power supply end of the full-bridge circuit.

The above aspect and any possible implementation manner further provide an implementation manner, wherein the energy recovery branch comprises a second MOSFET driver and a second on-off chip; a control signal input end of the second MOSFET driver is connected with the controller, a control signal output end of the second MOSFET driver is connected with the second on-off chip, and a TS end of the second MOSFET driver is connected with the energy recovery channel;

the second on-off chip is connected with the power supply end of the full-bridge circuit.

In the above aspect and any possible implementation manner, an implementation manner is further provided, and the on-off chip is an N-channel field effect transistor.

In accordance with the above aspect and any possible implementation, there is further provided an implementation in which a bootstrap capacitor is connected in series between the TS terminal and the BST terminal of the MOSFET driver.

As with the above-described aspects and any possible implementations, there is further provided an implementation in which the reverse inhibiting circuit includes a charge pump chip U1 and a third gating breaking chip Q1; the charge pump chip U1 controls the on-off of the third connection breaking chip Q1 according to the power supply voltage of the power supply device and the voltage of the super capacitor, so that the super capacitor is charged for the power supply device, and the power supply device is prevented from reversely charging the super capacitor.

In the above-described aspect and any possible implementation manner, an implementation manner is further provided, in which an input terminal of the charge pump chip U1 is connected to the super capacitor and the third on-off chip Q1, an output terminal of the charge pump chip U1 is connected to a power supply terminal of the power supply device and the third on-off chip Q1, and a GATE terminal of the charge pump chip U1 is connected to the third on-off chip Q1.

The above-described aspects and any possible implementation further provide an implementation in which a plurality of filter capacitors are connected in parallel between the input terminal and the output terminal of the charge pump chip U1.

On the other hand, the invention provides an unmanned aerial vehicle ejector, which is characterized in that the ejector adopts any one of the circuits to control a brushless direct current motor so as to realize the recovery of brake energy.

Compared with the prior art, the invention can obtain the following technical effects: switching between a power supply and a brake energy recovery circuit is realized; the reverse suppression circuit can realize that the super capacitor supplies power for the power supply, and can prevent the power supply from supplying power for the super capacitor reversely, thereby protecting the power supply.

Of course, it is not necessary for any one product in which the invention is practiced to achieve all of the above-described technical effects simultaneously.

[ description of the drawings ]

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a prior art brushless DC motor control scheme;

fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a fast braking and energy recovery circuit of the catapult of the unmanned aerial vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a power switching circuit provided by one embodiment of the present invention; wherein, fig. 3(a) is a field effect transistor driving control circuit powered by a full-bridge driver and a full-bridge circuit, and fig. 3(b) is a braking energy recovery field effect transistor driving control circuit;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an energy recovery circuit provided by one embodiment of the present invention; fig. 4(a) shows a field effect transistor circuit for supplying power to a full-bridge driver and a full-bridge circuit, fig. 4(b) shows a field effect transistor circuit for recovering brake energy, and a super capacitor is used for storing energy;

fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a reverse suppression circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[ detailed description ] embodiments

For better understanding of the technical solutions of the present invention, the following detailed descriptions of the embodiments of the present invention are provided with reference to the accompanying drawings.

It should be understood that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The terminology used in the embodiments of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in the examples of the present invention and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

The invention aims to design a circuit which is simple and reliable, is suitable for quick braking of a brushless direct current motor under the conditions of high voltage, strong current and large load, can prevent back pressure and can recover braking energy. The circuit has the characteristics of power supply switching, back pressure prevention, energy recycling, strong output current, simple circuit realization and the like, and can be widely applied to application occasions requiring quick braking and braking energy recycling of the brushless direct current motor.

Specifically, a novel design of a rapid braking and energy recovery circuit of an unmanned aerial vehicle catapult comprises a power supply switching circuit, an energy recovery circuit, a reverse suppression circuit, a super capacitor, a full-bridge driver, a full-bridge circuit and a controller, wherein a specific composition block diagram is shown in fig. 2, and a power supply device is respectively connected with the controller and the power supply switching circuit; the power supply switching circuit is respectively connected with the full-bridge driver and the full-bridge circuit to supply power to the full-bridge driver and the full-bridge circuit; the controller, the full-bridge driver, the full-bridge circuit and the brushless direct current motor are sequentially connected to realize normal control of the motor; the controller is also connected with the power supply switching circuit, the controller controls the power supply switching circuit to switch the working mode, and the working mode of the power supply switching circuit comprises a normal power supply module and an energy recovery mode; the power supply switching circuit, the energy recovery circuit, the super capacitor, the reverse suppression circuit and the power supply device are sequentially connected to form an energy recovery path, so that energy recovery is realized. The controller controls the power supply switching circuit to switch the power supply of the power supply device and the energy recovery circuit, and the normal work of the full-bridge driver and the full-bridge circuit can be ensured when the power supply switching circuit is switched. The reverse suppression circuit can ensure that the energy in the super capacitor is charged for the power supply device, and can prevent the power supply device from reversely charging the super capacitor. Full-bridge circuit not only can drive brushless DC motor start-up operation, can carry out leading to end control according to the control sequence of six steps method when the brake moreover, and the pulse width through control PWM controls the speed of brake, has better regulation characteristic, because full-bridge circuit and the available prior art's of full-bridge driver circuit realize, so this application is not repeated.

The specific circuit structure of each part is explained as follows:

1. the power supply switching and energy recovery circuit utilizes two N-channel field effect transistors and two MOSFET drivers to control the switching of a power supply and an energy recovery circuit of the full-bridge circuit.

As shown in fig. 3-4. The power supply switching circuit is mainly realized by a first MOSFET driver U1 and a second MOSFET driver U2, both U1 and U2 are MOSFET drivers, two VCC pins are connected with a power supply to supply power for a chip, and two INP pins are respectively connected with a power supply control signal and a brake energy recovery control signal. The TGUP pin and the TGDN pin of the two chips are combined to be used as a control signal of the energy recovery circuit to be respectively connected with a grid electrode of a power supply MOSFET loop and a grid electrode of a brake energy recovery MOSFET in the energy recovery circuit, and a divider resistor (namely a resistor R10 and a resistor R18) is connected in series before the grid electrodes are connected. And TS pins of the two chips are respectively connected with a driving end of a catapult motor and an energy recovery super capacitor (simultaneously connected with the sources of M4 and M8). A bootstrap capacitor is connected between the BST pin and the TS pin. The resistors R1 and R2 are pull-down resistors of the control port, so that the MOSFET is enabled to be turned off quickly, and the capacitors C3 and C4 are bootstrap capacitors, so that the MOSFET can be enabled to be turned on. C1 and C2 are supply filter capacitors.

The on-off chips M4 and M8 are N-channel field effect transistors, the power supply of the full-bridge circuit and the work of the energy recovery circuit are guaranteed by controlling the on-off of the power supply switching circuit and the power supply switching circuit, VBAT is connected with the power supply anode of the power supply device, VDRIVE is connected with the power supply end of the full-bridge circuit, RES is connected with the anode of the super capacitor, and HIO and LIO are respectively connected with the grid switching control end of the power supply switching circuit.

2. The reverse suppression circuit mainly comprises an N-channel MOSFET and a charge pump circuit, as shown in fig. 5, the reverse suppression circuit can ensure that a power supply device is charged when the energy voltage stored in the super capacitor is higher than the power supply voltage, the selected MOSFET has the internal resistance performance of only 0.2m omega, the energy loss is small, and meanwhile, the power supply device can be effectively prevented from reversely charging the super capacitor, so that the power supply device is protected.

The charge pump circuit mainly comprises a charge pump chip U1 and a third break-through chip Q1, and further comprises C1, C2 and C3 filter capacitors; q1 is an N-channel MOSFET. When the power supply voltage is higher than the super capacitor voltage, the U1 controls the Q1 to keep the off state, the power supply is prevented from supplying power for the super capacitor, when the power supply voltage is lower than the super capacitor voltage, the U1 controls the Q1 to keep the on state, the super capacitor can continuously supply power for the power supply at the moment, until the power supply voltage is not less than the super capacitor voltage, and the Q1 enters the off state.

In conclusion, the unmanned aerial vehicle catapult can realize the rapid braking of the unmanned aerial vehicle catapult, and the control of the braking speed is realized by controlling the full-bridge circuit through the PWM; according to the invention, the switching between the power supply and the brake energy recovery circuit can be realized by designing the power supply switching circuit; the reverse suppression circuit can realize that the super capacitor supplies power for the power supply, and can prevent the power supply from supplying power for the super capacitor reversely, thereby protecting the power supply. Therefore, the circuit has the characteristics of power supply switching, back pressure prevention, energy recycling, strong output current, simple circuit realization and the like, and can be widely applied to application occasions requiring quick braking and braking energy recycling of the brushless direct current motor.

The above provides an unmanned aerial vehicle catapult quick brake and energy recuperation circuit to this application embodiment, has carried out detailed introduction. The above description of the embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method of the present application and its core ideas; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present application, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.

As used in the specification and claims, certain terms are used to refer to particular components. As one skilled in the art will appreciate, manufacturers may refer to a component by different names. This specification and claims do not intend to distinguish between components that differ in name but not function. In the following description and in the claims, the terms "include" and "comprise" are used in an open-ended fashion, and thus should be interpreted to mean "include, but not limited to. "substantially" means within an acceptable error range, and a person skilled in the art can solve the technical problem within a certain error range to substantially achieve the technical effect. The description which follows is a preferred embodiment of the present application, but is made for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the application and not for the purpose of limiting the scope of the application. The protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the definitions of the appended claims.

It is also noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a good or system that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such good or system. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a commodity or system that includes the element.

It should be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein is merely one type of association that describes an associated object, meaning that three relationships may exist, e.g., a and/or B may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the former and latter related objects are in an "or" relationship.

The foregoing description shows and describes several preferred embodiments of the present application, but as aforementioned, it is to be understood that the application is not limited to the forms disclosed herein, but is not to be construed as excluding other embodiments and is capable of use in various other combinations, modifications, and environments and is capable of changes within the scope of the application as described herein, commensurate with the above teachings, or the skill or knowledge of the relevant art. And that modifications and variations may be effected by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the application, which is to be protected by the claims appended hereto.