阅读说明：本技术 一种双膜联用膜分离与生物活性法处理废水系统 (Double-membrane combined membrane separation and biological activity method wastewater treatment system ) 是由 唐伟 于 2020-07-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：发明公开了一种双膜联用膜分离与生物活性法处理废水系统,包括过滤分离膜与膜生物反应器；所述的过滤分离膜沿污水流动方向设置在所述的膜生物反应器的进水侧和出水侧；所述的过滤分离膜通过如下步骤制备而成：S1制备光催化剂混合固体纳米粉；S2形成聚偏氟乙烯光催化过滤膜；S3制备活性生物粉；S4制备过滤分离膜；本发明的有益效果是：微孔膜,使污水流速降低,进行光催化,利用繁殖液干粉的吸附特性和催化有机物分解,实现纯净分离同时不引入杂质金属离子；限定海洋微藻,实现光催化剂和废水之间充分接触；限定粘接剂,能与活性生物粉相配合,加大污水的吸附力度,进一步的实现纯净分离的目的。(The invention discloses a system for treating wastewater by a double-membrane combined membrane separation and biological activity method, which comprises a filtering separation membrane and a membrane bioreactor; the filtering and separating membrane is arranged on the water inlet side and the water outlet side of the membrane bioreactor along the sewage flow direction; the filtration separation membrane is prepared by the following steps: s1 preparing photocatalyst mixed solid nano powder; s2, forming a polyvinylidene fluoride photocatalytic filter membrane; s3, preparing active biological powder; s4, preparing a filtering separation membrane; the invention has the beneficial effects that: the microporous membrane reduces the flow rate of sewage, carries out photocatalysis, and realizes pure separation without introducing impurity metal ions by utilizing the adsorption characteristic of propagation liquid dry powder and catalyzing the decomposition of organic matters; limiting marine microalgae, and realizing full contact between the photocatalyst and the wastewater; the limited adhesive can be matched with the active biological powder, so that the adsorption force of the sewage is increased, and the aim of pure separation is further fulfilled.)

1. A two membrane are used membrane separation and biological activity methods to handle effluent system which characterized in that: comprises a filtering separation membrane and a membrane bioreactor; the filtering and separating membrane is arranged on the water inlet side and the water outlet side of the membrane bioreactor along the sewage flow direction;

the filtration separation membrane is prepared by the following steps:

s1, mixing nano silicon dioxide and graphene according to the ratio of 3: 1, uniformly mixing, thermally melting into liquid, rapidly cooling in the hot melt liquid to obtain photocatalyst mixed solid, and performing superfine grinding to obtain photocatalyst mixed solid nano powder;

s2, placing the obtained photocatalyst mixed solid nano powder into a polyvinylidene fluoride casting solution, and uniformly mixing to form a polyvinylidene fluoride photocatalytic filtering membrane;

s3, selecting a multi-time propagation solution of the marine microalgae, drying the solution into powder at a low temperature, and then performing freezing preservation for 3d to obtain active biological powder;

s4, uniformly covering a layer of active biological powder on the obtained polyvinylidene fluoride photocatalytic filter membrane, and bonding the active biological powder by using a biological adhesive to obtain the filtering separation membrane.

2. The system for treating wastewater by using a membrane separation and biological activity method in combination with a double membrane as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the active biological powder is prepared by collecting propagation liquid of 3 times of expanded propagation of marine microalgae respectively, drying the collected propagation liquid with cold air at 2 deg.C for 3h, grinding into powder, and preserving at-10 deg.C for 3 d.

3. The system for treating wastewater by using a membrane separation and biological activity method in combination with a double membrane as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the aperture of the polyvinylidene fluoride photocatalytic filter membrane is 0.2 μm.

4. The system for treating wastewater by using a membrane separation and biological activity method in combination with a double membrane as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the marine microalgae are mixed blue algae groups formed by the ratio of the anabaena rubra to the anabaena hycina is 2: 1.

5. The system for treating wastewater by using a membrane separation and biological activity method in combination with a double membrane as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the biological adhesive is a transparent matrix extracted from a propagation liquid of marine microalgae culture, and is compacted into powder under the pressure condition of 4 kPa.

6. The system for treating wastewater by using the membrane separation and biological activity method in combination with the double membranes as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the transparent substrate is a mixed colloid of pectic substance and hemicellulose.

7. The system for treating wastewater by using membrane separation and biological activity method combined with double membranes according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein: the bonding is that the polyvinylidene fluoride photocatalytic filter membrane covered with the active biological powder is soaked by a biological adhesive, is stirred for 2 hours after standing for 6 minutes, is filtered, and is taken out, namely the filtering and separating membrane.

8. The system for treating wastewater by using a membrane separation and biological activity method in combination with a double membrane as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the hot melting adopts an electric melting furnace to form liquid after hot melting for 5-8min at 1400 ℃.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of wastewater treatment systems, in particular to a wastewater treatment system adopting a double-membrane combined membrane separation and biological activity method.

Background

China is a water-deficient country, sewage treatment and reuse are effective measures for developing and utilizing water resources, the sewage reuse is that after urban sewage and industrial sewage are treated by water purification equipment, the treated sewage is used for non-drinking purposes such as greening, flushing and ornamental water body supplement, and clean water is used for high water quality requirements such as drinking; urban sewage and industrial sewage can be obtained nearby, long-distance water delivery can be omitted, near treatment is realized, water resources are fully utilized, and meanwhile, sewage is treated nearby, and sewage leakage caused by the sewage in the long-distance delivery process can be prevented, so that underground water sources are polluted. Sewage reuse has been widely adopted in many water-deficient areas of the world, and is considered as the most practical technology for sewage treatment in the 21 st century.

MBR is also called Membrane bioreactor (Membrane Bio-Reactor) and is a novel ecological wastewater treatment system organically combining Membrane separation technology and biological treatment technology, Membrane components are used for replacing a secondary sedimentation tank at the tail end of the traditional biological treatment technology, the concentration of high-activity sludge is kept in the bioreactor, the organic load of biological treatment is improved, so that the floor area of a sewage treatment facility is reduced, and the amount of residual sludge is reduced by keeping low sludge load, therefore, the Membrane bioreactor is applied to sewage recycling, and is matched with a filtering Membrane for purification, so that the efficiency and the cleanliness of the sewage recycling are improved, and the floor area is reduced; however, the membrane bioreactor is easy to cause membrane pollution due to fixed aperture, and has extremely high energy consumption because the membrane bioreactor needs a large amount of electric energy to maintain the growth environment of microorganisms and activate the propagation of the microorganisms.

The invention is as follows: a method (application number: CN201610541618.8) for coupling PVDF/carbon fiber-based MFe2O4 type photocatalytic conductive filter membrane with MBR/MFC adopts the membrane as the cathode of a microbial fuel cell, under the drive of the electricity generation of a biological anode, the removal efficiency of pollutants is improved by the cathode assisted with photocatalysis, and finally, the efficient and energy-saving treatment of wastewater is realized by filtering effluent by the membrane; the PVDF/carbon fiber based MFe₂O₄The preparation method of the photocatalytic conductive filtering membrane comprises the following steps: adding carbon nano powder and MFe in sequence in PVDF casting solution₂O₄Coating the photocatalyst on the surface of carbon fiber cloth in a certain thickness, and preparing the PVDF/carbon fiber-based MFe by a phase conversion method₂O₄A photocatalytic conductive filter membrane; although microorganisms are usedThe principle of the fuel cell can provide certain electric energy, but the pollution problem of the membrane bioreactor is not greatly helped, otherwise, the flocculation phenomenon of microorganisms is easily generated in the fuel cell, and the flocculated particles block the membrane bioreactor; at the same time adopt MFe₂O₄The photocatalyst is easy to increase the iron ion content in the wastewater, and the pressure of the later iron treatment process is increased.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a wastewater treatment system by using a double-membrane combined membrane separation and biological activity method so as to at least achieve the aims of pure separation and no introduction of new metal ion impurities

The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a system for treating wastewater by a double-membrane combined membrane separation and biological activity method comprises a filtering separation membrane and a membrane bioreactor; the filtering and separating membrane is arranged on the water inlet side and the water outlet side of the membrane bioreactor along the sewage flow direction;

the filtration separation membrane is prepared by the following steps:

s1, mixing nano silicon dioxide and graphene according to the ratio of 3: 1, uniformly mixing, thermally melting into liquid, rapidly cooling in the hot melt liquid to obtain photocatalyst mixed solid, and performing superfine grinding to obtain photocatalyst mixed solid nano powder;

s2, placing the obtained photocatalyst mixed solid nano powder into a polyvinylidene fluoride casting solution, and uniformly mixing to form a polyvinylidene fluoride photocatalytic filtering membrane;

s3, selecting a multi-time propagation solution of the marine microalgae, drying the solution into powder at a low temperature, and then performing freezing preservation for 3d to obtain active biological powder;

s4, uniformly covering a layer of active biological powder on the obtained polyvinylidene fluoride photocatalytic filter membrane, and bonding the active biological powder by using a biological adhesive to obtain the filtering separation membrane.

Preferably, in order to further preserve the activity of the propagation liquid of the marine microalgae, the active biological powder is prepared by respectively collecting the propagation liquid of 3 times of propagation expansion of the marine microalgae, then drying the collected propagation liquid by cold air at 2 ℃ for 3h, grinding the dried propagation liquid into powder, and preserving the powder at-10 ℃ for 3 d; the propagation liquid of the marine microalgae can form solid and simultaneously ensure the biological activity of the propagation liquid by low-temperature drying and freezing preservation.

Preferably, for the purpose of pure separation; the aperture of the polyvinylidene fluoride photocatalytic filter membrane is 0.2 mu m; the polyvinylidene fluoride photocatalytic filter membrane is limited to be a microporous membrane, so that the flow rate of sewage is reduced, nano silicon dioxide is carried in a graphene pore channel for photocatalysis, and the adsorption characteristic and the catalytic organic matter decomposition characteristic of the propagation liquid dry powder of marine microalgae in the polyvinylidene fluoride photocatalytic filter membrane are further utilized, so that pure separation is realized and impurity metal ions are not introduced.

Preferably, in order to further realize that the marine microalgae is used as a carrier of the photocatalyst to catalyze silica to generate photocatalytic reaction, the marine microalgae is a mixed blue algae group formed by the hirsutella hainanensis and the anabaena in a ratio of 2: 1; by limiting the marine microalgae to be hirsutella hainanensis and anabaena, and utilizing the porosity of the hirsutella hainanensis, the polyvinylidene fluoride photocatalytic filter membrane has adsorbability, and meanwhile, the anabaena can bear the mixed solid of nano silicon dioxide and graphite to serve as a bearing agent of the photocatalyst, so that the photocatalyst is fully contacted with wastewater, and the aim of pure separation is further fulfilled.

Preferably, in order to ensure that no other impurities are introduced, the biological adhesive is a transparent matrix extracted from a propagation liquid for cultivating marine microalgae, and is compacted into powder under the pressure condition of 4 kPa; the transparent substrate is a mixed colloid of the pectic substance and the hemicellulose, the effective components in the limited propagation liquid are the pectic substance and the hemicellulose which are used as adhesives, active biological powder and the polyvinylidene fluoride photocatalytic filtering membrane can be fully adhered, and then the active biological powder can be matched with the active biological powder, the adsorption force of sewage is increased, and the aim of pure separation is further fulfilled.

Preferably, in order to further limit the bonding mode, the bonding is to soak the polyvinylidene fluoride photocatalytic filter membrane covered with the active biological powder by using a biological adhesive, standing for 6min, stirring for 2h, filtering, and taking out the polyvinylidene fluoride photocatalytic filter membrane, namely the filtering separation membrane; the bonding mode is limited, and the immersion bonding mode is adopted, so that the polyvinylidene fluoride photocatalytic filter membrane can be fully and uniformly bonded with the active biological powder.

Preferably, in order to further realize the thermal melting of the nano silicon dioxide and the graphene into liquid, an electric melting furnace is adopted for thermal melting at 1400 ℃ for 5-8min to form liquid, and an efficient electric melting furnace is limited to be adopted, so that the nano silicon dioxide and the graphene can quickly form liquid, and the nano silicon dioxide and the graphene can be fully mixed and then solidified into solid.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the polyvinylidene fluoride photocatalytic filter membrane is limited to be a microporous membrane, so that the flow rate of sewage is reduced, nano silicon dioxide is carried in a graphene pore channel for photocatalysis, and the adsorption characteristic and the catalytic organic matter decomposition characteristic of the propagation liquid dry powder of marine microalgae in the polyvinylidene fluoride photocatalytic filter membrane are further utilized, so that pure separation is realized and impurity metal ions are not introduced.

2. By limiting the marine microalgae to be hirsutella hainanensis and anabaena, and utilizing the porosity of the hirsutella hainanensis, the polyvinylidene fluoride photocatalytic filter membrane has adsorbability, and meanwhile, the anabaena can bear the mixed solid of nano silicon dioxide and graphite to serve as a bearing agent of the photocatalyst, so that the photocatalyst is fully contacted with wastewater, and the aim of pure separation is further fulfilled.

3. The effective components in the limited propagation liquid are pectin and hemicellulose which are used as adhesives, so that the active biological powder and the polyvinylidene fluoride photocatalytic filter membrane can be fully adhered, and then the active biological powder can be matched with the active biological powder, the adsorption force of sewage is increased, and the aim of pure separation is further fulfilled.

4. The bonding mode is limited, and the immersion bonding mode is adopted, so that the polyvinylidene fluoride photocatalytic filter membrane can be fully and uniformly bonded with the active biological powder.

5. Adopt efficient electric melting furnace through injecing, make nanometer silica and graphite alkene can form liquid fast, make nanometer silica and graphite alkene can the intensive mixing back, solidify into the solid.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a graph showing the iron ion removal rate and transparency according to each comparative example.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following.