阅读说明：本技术 一种利用淡水鱼鳔制作软糖的方法 (Method for preparing soft sweets by utilizing fresh water swimming bladders ) 是由 林琳 陆剑锋 汪安利 祖晋锋 时文强 谭枨凤 李香兰 姜绍通 于 2020-08-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种利用淡水鱼鳔制作软糖的方法,以淡水鱼加工副产物鱼鳔为主要原料,经过漂洗、搅打制糜、微气泡除杂、制作胶液、脱腥、调配、成型、包装等工序加工而成。本发明制作的软糖产品,富含鱼鳔的胶原蛋白,同时含有多种植物提取物,营养丰富,具有保健功效。(The invention provides a method for making soft sweets by using fresh water swimming bladders, which takes the swimming bladders which are the by-products of fresh water fish processing as the main raw materials and is processed by the procedures of rinsing, stirring for preparing minced meat, removing impurities by micro bubbles, preparing glue solution, removing fishy smell, blending, forming, packaging and the like. The soft candy product prepared by the invention is rich in collagen of swim bladder, and also contains various plant extracts, so that the soft candy product is rich in nutrition and has a health-care effect.)

1. A method for making soft sweets by utilizing fresh water swim bladders is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the following steps:

step 1: cleaning fresh swim bladder, cutting and shearing the cleaned swim bladder to obtain swim bladder pieces with particle size of 5-15 mm; then rinsing the swimming bladder fragments by adopting a 'two clear-one salt-one alkali' method, comprising the following steps: rinsing with clear water for the first time, mixing swimming bladder fragments with water according to the mass ratio of 1:9-11, stirring to dissolve out water-soluble protein, standing to precipitate the swimming bladder fragments, and pouring off rinsing liquid; then, carrying out salt washing, mixing swimming bladder fragments and salt water according to the mass ratio of 1:9-11, adjusting the pH value to 5.5, and rinsing for 10-20 min; then carrying out alkali washing, and soaking the salted swimming bladder fragments in a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 0.5-1.5g/L for 10-20 min; finally rinsing with clear water for the second time, namely rinsing the swimming bladder fragments subjected to alkali washing with running water with the flow velocity of 0.6-0.8m/s for 5-10 min;

step 2: draining the pieces of the rinsed swimming bladders obtained in the step (1), and stirring into swimming bladder minced meat with the particle size of 0.5-1.0 mm;

and step 3: mixing minced swimming bladder and purified water according to the mass ratio of 4-6:4, then putting the mixed solution into a container with a micro-bubble generator, starting the micro-bubble generator, keeping the diameter of bubbles at 10-30 mu m, the pressure at 0.65-0.75MPa and the ventilation volume at 200 times of the volume of the mixed solution per hour, carrying out air floatation treatment for 15-30min, and continuously removing foams and fine impurities floated by the bubbles during the air floatation treatment;

and 4, step 4: putting the mixed solution obtained in the step 3 into a microwave oven, and heating the mixed solution at the frequency of 2450MHz and the radiation intensity of 0.4-0.6w/cm²Treating for 10-15min under the condition; then, the mixed solution is put into a high-speed dispersion homogenizer, and the mixed solution is treated for 5-10min by adopting the stirring rotation speed of 5000-; placing the slurry in a microwave oven at 2450MHz and radiation intensity of 0.4-0.6w/cm²Treating for 10-20min under the condition, then filtering, and respectively collecting filtrate and filter residue, wherein the filtrate is the first glue; mixing the first glue residue with purified water at a mass ratio of 2-3:1, placing the mixed solution in a microwave oven at 2450MHz and radiation intensity of 0.4-0.6w/cm²Treating for 10-20min under the condition, then filtering, and respectively collecting filtrate and filter residue, wherein the filtrate is the second glue; mixing the filter residue generated in the second glue production with purified water at a mass ratio of 0.5-1.5:1, placing the mixed solution in a microwave oven at a frequency of 2450MHz and a radiation intensity of 0.4-0.6w/cm²Treating for 10-20min under the condition, filtering, and respectively collecting filtrate and residue to obtain third glue; mixing the first glue, the second glue and the third glue to obtain a swimming bladder glue solution;

and 5: cooling the swimming bladder glue solution to 35-37 ℃, preserving heat, then adding yeast with the mass of 2-4% of the swimming bladder glue solution, uniformly mixing, preserving heat and standing for 60-90 min; then processing the mixture of the yeast and the swimming bladder glue solution by adopting a high-voltage pulse electric field to obtain a fishy smell removed swimming bladder glue solution;

step 6: putting 20-40 parts by weight of fishy smell removed fish bladder glue solution, 50-60 parts by weight of auxiliary materials and 10-20 parts by weight of flavor juice into a blending tank; stirring to obtain a prepared solution; the preparation method of the auxiliary material comprises the following steps: mixing 9-11 parts by weight of xylitol, 2-3 parts by weight of agar powder, 2-3 parts by weight of carrageenan and 80-100 parts by weight of purified water, stirring for dissolving, filtering, and collecting filtrate as auxiliary material; the preparation method of the flavor juice comprises the following steps: mixing the plant materials with purified water at a mass ratio of 1:8-12, boiling for extraction for 10-15min, filtering the extractive solution, and collecting the filtrate to obtain flavor juice;

and 7: pouring the prepared liquid into a mold, wherein each soft candy is 3-10 g, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain soft candies with different shapes.

2. The method for making soft sweets by using fresh water swimming bladders as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: in step 5, the process conditions of the high-voltage pulse electric field treatment are as follows: the electric field intensity is 45-55kV/cm, the pulse frequency is 3.5-4.5KHz, and the processing time is 3-5min to obtain the fishy smell removed swimming bladder glue solution for later use.

3. The method for making soft sweets by using fresh water swimming bladders as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the plant raw material is prepared from lily: the Chinese yam and the honeysuckle are prepared according to the mass ratio of 3:6: 1.

4. The method for making soft sweets by using fresh water swimming bladders as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the plant raw materials comprise rose: the red dates and the medlar are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:6: 3.

5. The method for making soft sweets by using fresh water swimming bladders as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the plant raw material is prepared from carrot: the hawthorn and the cranberry are prepared according to the mass ratio of 3:2: 1.

6. The method for making soft sweets by using fresh water swimming bladders as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the fresh swimming bladder is at least one of swimming bladder of grass carp, swimming bladder of silver carp, swimming bladder of bighead carp, swimming bladder of black carp, swimming bladder of dace, swimming bladder of carp, swimming bladder of crucian carp and swimming bladder of megalobrama amblycephala.

7. The method for making soft sweets by using fresh water swimming bladders as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the mass concentration of the salt solution is 0.15%.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of food processing, and relates to a method for making soft sweets by utilizing fresh water swim bladders.

Background

Freshwater fish refers to fish that can live in freshwater with salinity lower than three thousandths. China is one of countries with more fresh water surfaces in the world, the fresh water area is about 3 hundred million mu, wherein the water surface for fish culture is about 7500 mu, most areas are located in temperate zones or subtropical zones, the climate is mild, the rainfall is abundant, the fish culture technology is suitable for fish growth, grass, silver carp, bighead carp, cyan, dace, carp, crucian carp, megalobrama amblycephala and other excellent fishes are cultured, so that China is the most developed country in the fresh water aquaculture industry in the world at present, and the culture area and the total output are in the leading position in the world.

The leftovers generated in the freshwater fish processing process in China are more than 1000 million tons, the leftovers mainly come from fish skins, fish scales, swim bladders, viscera and the like of the fishes, part of the leftovers are used for preparing feed fish meal, and the majority of the leftovers are directly discarded, so that the environment is seriously polluted, and resources are greatly wasted.

Swim bladder is one of fish organs, and most of the hard-bone fishes have swim bladder. The volume of the swim bladder is about 5 percent of the body, and the swim bladder has the shapes of oval, conical, heart, horseshoe and the like. The swimming bladder contains micromolecular collagen which is easy to be absorbed by human body. Modern researches show that foods rich in collagen can affect physiological functions of certain specific tissues through the bound water of the collagen, so that the growth and development of the foods are promoted, the disease resistance is enhanced, and the effects of delaying senescence and resisting cancers are achieved. In addition, the swimming bladder also contains rich vitamin groups and a plurality of trace elements, thereby being beneficial to the nutrition and health of human bodies.

The soft candy is a soft, elastic and tough functional candy, is usually processed from edible gum, syrup and other raw materials, has different shapes, textures and flavors, is exquisite and durable, and has elasticity and chewing feeling.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for making soft sweets by utilizing fresh water swim bladders.

In order to achieve the above objects and other related objects, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a method for making soft sweets by utilizing fresh water swim bladders comprises the following steps:

step 1: cleaning fresh swim bladder, cutting and shearing the cleaned swim bladder to obtain swim bladder pieces with particle size of 5-15 mm; then rinsing the swimming bladder fragments by adopting a 'two clear-one salt-one alkali' method, comprising the following steps: rinsing with clear water for the first time, mixing swimming bladder fragments with water according to the mass ratio of 1:9-11, stirring to dissolve out water-soluble protein, standing to precipitate the swimming bladder fragments, and pouring off rinsing liquid; then, carrying out salt washing, mixing swimming bladder fragments and salt water according to the mass ratio of 1:9-11, adjusting the pH value to 5.5, and rinsing for 10-20 min; then carrying out alkali washing, and soaking the salted swimming bladder fragments in a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 0.5-1.5g/L for 10-20 min; finally rinsing with clear water for the second time, namely rinsing the swimming bladder fragments subjected to alkali washing with running water with the flow velocity of 0.6-0.8m/s for 5-10 min;

step 2: draining the pieces of the rinsed swimming bladders obtained in the step (1), and stirring into swimming bladder minced meat with the particle size of 0.5-1.0 mm;

and step 3: mixing minced swimming bladder and purified water according to the mass ratio of 4-6:4, then putting the mixed solution into a container with a micro-bubble generator, starting the micro-bubble generator, keeping the diameter of bubbles at 10-30 mu m, the pressure at 0.65-0.75MPa and the ventilation volume at 200 times of the volume of the mixed solution per hour, carrying out air floatation treatment for 15-30min, and continuously removing foams and fine impurities floated by the bubbles during the air floatation treatment;

and 4, step 4: putting the mixed solution obtained in the step 3 into a microwave oven, and heating the mixed solution at the frequency of 2450MHz and the radiation intensity of 0.4-0.6w/cm²Treating for 10-15min under the condition; then, the mixed solution is put into a high-speed dispersion homogenizer, and the mixed solution is treated for 5-10min by adopting the stirring rotation speed of 5000-; placing the slurry in a microwave oven at 2450MHz and radiation intensity of 0.4-0.6w/cm²Treating for 10-20min under the condition, then filtering, and respectively collecting filtrate and filter residue, wherein the filtrate is the first glue; mixing the filter residue for preparing the first glue with purified water according to the mass ratio of 2-3:1, and placing the mixed solutionPutting into a microwave oven at 2450MHz and radiation intensity of 0.4-0.6w/cm²Treating for 10-20min under the condition, then filtering, and respectively collecting filtrate and filter residue, wherein the filtrate is the second glue; mixing the filter residue generated in the second glue production with purified water at a mass ratio of 0.5-1.5:1, placing the mixed solution in a microwave oven at a frequency of 2450MHz and a radiation intensity of 0.4-0.6w/cm²Treating for 10-20min under the condition, filtering, and respectively collecting filtrate and residue to obtain third glue; mixing the first glue, the second glue and the third glue to obtain a swimming bladder glue solution;

and 5: cooling the swimming bladder glue solution to 35-37 ℃, preserving heat, then adding yeast with the mass of 2-4% of the swimming bladder glue solution, uniformly mixing, preserving heat and standing for 60-90 min; then processing the mixture of the yeast and the swimming bladder glue solution by adopting a high-voltage pulse electric field to obtain a fishy smell removed swimming bladder glue solution;

step 6: putting 20-40 parts by weight of fishy smell removed fish bladder glue solution, 50-60 parts by weight of auxiliary materials and 10-20 parts by weight of flavor juice into a blending tank; stirring to obtain a prepared solution; the preparation method of the auxiliary material comprises the following steps: mixing 9-11 parts by weight of xylitol, 2-3 parts by weight of agar powder, 2-3 parts by weight of carrageenan and 80-100 parts by weight of purified water, stirring for dissolving, filtering, and collecting filtrate as auxiliary material; the preparation method of the flavor juice comprises the following steps: mixing the plant materials with purified water at a mass ratio of 1:8-12, boiling for extraction for 10-15min, filtering the extractive solution, and collecting the filtrate to obtain flavor juice;

and 7: pouring the prepared liquid into a mold, wherein each soft candy is 3-10 g, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain soft candies with different shapes.

The preferable technical scheme is as follows: in step 5, the process conditions of the high-voltage pulse electric field treatment are as follows: the electric field intensity is 45-55kV/cm, the pulse frequency is 3.5-4.5KHz, and the processing time is 3-5min to obtain the fishy smell removed swimming bladder glue solution for later use.

The preferable technical scheme is as follows: the plant raw material is prepared from lily: the Chinese yam and the honeysuckle are prepared according to the mass ratio of 3:6: 1.

The preferable technical scheme is as follows: the plant raw materials comprise rose: the red dates and the medlar are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:6: 3.

The preferable technical scheme is as follows: the plant raw material is prepared from carrot: the hawthorn and the cranberry are prepared according to the mass ratio of 3:2: 1.

The preferable technical scheme is as follows: the fresh swimming bladder is at least one of swimming bladder of grass carp, swimming bladder of silver carp, swimming bladder of bighead carp, swimming bladder of black carp, swimming bladder of dace, swimming bladder of carp, swimming bladder of crucian carp and swimming bladder of megalobrama amblycephala.

The preferable technical scheme is as follows: the mass concentration of the salt solution is 0.15%.

Due to the application of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

1. the invention carries out micro-bubble air flotation impurity removal treatment on the swimming bladder minced mixed solution, effectively removes foams and fine impurities, and optimizes the flavor of the swimming bladder minced.

2. The invention adopts three microwave gel extraction treatments, thus improving the extraction efficiency and effect of the fish glue.

3. The invention adopts the yeast and the high-voltage pulse electric field treatment to carry out the fishy smell removing treatment on the swimming bladder glue solution, and the fishy smell removing effect is good.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure.