阅读说明：本技术 具有织构取向的涂层切削刀具及其制备方法 (Coated cutting tool with textured orientation and method of making same ) 是由 瞿峻 陈响明 王社权 温光华 李秀萍 于 2020-07-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种具有织构取向的涂层切削刀具及其制备方法,包括刀具基体和涂覆于刀具基体上的至少一层耐磨涂层,耐磨涂层包括至少一层低压CVD制备的Al<Sub>x</Sub>Ti<Sub>1-x</Sub>C<Sub>y</Sub>N<Sub>1-y</Sub>涂层,0.35≤x≤0.98,0.35≤x+y≤1.0,Al<Sub>x</Sub>Ti<Sub>1-x</Sub>C<Sub>y</Sub>N<Sub>1-y</Sub>涂层有相对晶体{331}平面的择优织构取向,TC(331)≥1.5,TC(hkl)定义如下。制备方法包括先后制备刀具基体和Al<Sub>x</Sub>Ti<Sub>1-x</Sub>C<Sub>y</Sub>N<Sub>1-y</Sub>涂层。本发明的涂层切削刀具带有特定生长织构取向的CVD-TiAlCN涂层,具有优异的耐磨性能、涂层抗剥落性能和高温抗氧化性能,在车削、铣削或钻削中均具有优异的切削性能。<Image he="166" wi="700" file="DDA0002590430000000011.GIF" imgContent="drawing" imgFormat="GIF" orientation="portrait" inline="no"></Image>(The invention discloses a coating cutting tool with texture orientation and a preparation method thereof, the coating cutting tool comprises a tool base body and at least one wear-resistant coating coated on the tool base body, and the wear-resistant coating comprises at least one layer of Al prepared by low-pressure CVD x Ti 1‑x C y N 1‑y X is more than or equal to 0.35 and less than or equal to 0.98, x + y is more than or equal to 0.35 and less than or equal to 1.0, and Al x Ti 1‑x C y N 1‑y The coating has a preferred texture orientation relative to the {331} plane of the crystal, TC (331) ≥ 1.5, and TC (hkl) is defined as follows. The preparation method comprises the steps of preparing the cutter base body and Al in sequence x Ti 1‑x C y N 1‑y And (4) coating. The coated cutting tool provided by the invention is provided with the CVD-TiAlCN coating with a specific growth texture orientation, has excellent wear resistance, anti-stripping performance and high-temperature oxidation resistance, and has excellent cutting performance in turning, milling or drilling.)

1. A coated cutting tool with textured orientation comprising a tool base and at least one wear-resistant coating applied to the tool base, the wear-resistant coating havingHas a total thickness of 2-25 μm, and the wear-resistant coating comprises at least one layer of Al prepared by low-pressure chemical vapor deposition_xTi_1-xC_yN_1-yThe coating is characterized in that x is more than or equal to 0.35 and less than or equal to 0.98, x + y is more than or equal to 0.35 and less than or equal to 1.0, the deposition pressure is 1mbar to 12mbar, and the Al is_xTi_1-xC_yN_1-yThe coating has a preferred texture orientation relative to the {331} plane of the crystal, the texture coefficient TC (331) ≥ 1.5, TC (hkl) is defined as follows:

wherein the content of the first and second substances,

measured intensity of the i (hkl) ═ hkl (hkl) reflection,

I₀(hkl) standard intensity of the (hkl) reflection according to the standard powder diffraction data of applied JCPDF card Nos. 00-46-1200,

I(hkl)_i＝(hkl)_ithe measured intensity of the reflection is then,

I₀(hkl)_i(hkl) according to standard powder diffraction data of JCPDF card No. 00-46-1200_iThe standard intensity of the reflection is determined,

n is the number of reflections used in the calculation, n is 6,

(hkl)_iused (hkl)_iThe reflection crystal planes are (111), (200), (220), (311), (331) and (420).

2. The coated cutting tool with textured orientation of claim 1, wherein the Al is_xTi_{1- x}C_yN_1-yThe coating is in a fibrous columnar structure and is provided with Al parallel to the surface of the cutter substrate_xTi_1-xC_yN_1-yThe average width of columnar crystal grains at the 50% thickness section of the coating is d, and the Al_xTi_1-xC_yN_1-yThe thickness of the coating is h, and the ratio h/d of h to d is more than or equal to 10.

3. According to claim1 the coated cutting tool with textured orientation, wherein the Al is_xTi_{1- x}C_yN_1-yThe coating has a face centered cubic crystal structure, and the proportion of the face centered cubic crystal structure is more than or equal to 89 volume percent.

4. The coated cutting tool with textured orientation of claim 3, wherein the Al is_xTi_{1- x}C_yN_1-yThe proportion of the face-centered cubic crystal structure of the coating is more than or equal to 92 percent by volume.

5. The coated cutting tool with textured orientation of claim 4, wherein the Al is_xTi_{1- x}C_yN_1-yThe proportion of the face-centered cubic crystal structure of the coating is more than or equal to 95 volume percent.

6. The coated cutting tool with textured orientation of claim 1, wherein the Al is_xTi_{1- x}C_yN_1-yThe thickness of the coating is 2-15 mu m, and the Al is_xTi_1-xC_yN_1-yThe nano-hardness of the coating is more than or equal to 30 GPa.

7. The coated cutting tool with textured orientation of any of claims 1-6, wherein the Al is_xTi_1-xC_yN_1-yAnd a transition layer is arranged between the coating and the cutter base body, the thickness of the transition layer is 0.3-7 μm, and the transition layer comprises at least one of a TiN layer deposited by CVD, a TiCN layer deposited by CVD and an h-AlN layer deposited by CVD.

8. The coated cutting tool with textured orientation of claim 7, wherein the transition layer has a thickness of 0.5 μ ι η to 4 μ ι η.

9. The coated cutting tool with textured orientation of claim 8, wherein the transition layer has a thickness of 0.6 μ ι η to 2 μ ι η.

10. The coated cutting tool with textured orientation of any of claims 1-6, wherein the Al is_xTi_1-xC_yN_1-yThe surface of the coating is also provided with a surface layer, the thickness of the surface layer is more than or equal to 1 mu m, and the surface layer comprises at least one layer of TiN layer deposited by CVD, TiC layer deposited by CVD and TiCN layer deposited by CVD.

11. A method of making a coated cutting tool having a textured orientation as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6 comprising the steps of:

(1) preparing a cutter base body;

(2) deposition of Al by low pressure CVD process_xTi_1-xC_yN_1-yCoating, and the process conditions comprise: introducing the reaction gas into the coating furnace by two gas pipelines, wherein the gas mixture V1 in the first gas pipeline contains 0.05-1.20 vol% of TiCl₄0.02 vol% to 10.0 vol% of AlCl₃0-0.8% by volume of carbon source and first carrier gas, the balance being the first carrier gas, the first carrier gas being hydrogen and/or nitrogen, the carbon source being one or more of acetonitrile, ethane, ethylene and acetylene, the gas mixture V2 in the second path of gas pipeline containing 0.10-16.0% by volume of nitrogen source and second carrier gas, the balance being the second carrier gas, the second carrier gas being hydrogen and/or nitrogen, the nitrogen source being NH₃And/or N₂H₄The volume ratio V1/V2 of the gas mixture V1 to the second gas mixture V2 is 1-12: 1, the deposition temperature is controlled at 650-910 ℃, and the deposition pressure is controlled at 1-12 mbar.

12. The method of claim 11, further comprising depositing a transition layer on the tool substrate by a CVD process, and depositing the Al on the transition layer_xTi_1-xC_yN_1-yCoating, finally applying CVD process to said Al_xTi_1-xC_yN_1-yA surface layer is deposited on the coating.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of preparation of coatings of cutting tools, relates to a coated cutting tool and a preparation method thereof, and particularly relates to a coated cutting tool with texture orientation and a preparation method thereof.

Background

With high speed and dry cutting becoming mainstream today, rapid development of coating technology has played a key role in improving tool performance and advances in cutting machining technology, and coated cutting tools have become an important sign of modern tools. Among them, the TiAlN coating is a wear-resistant coating with the most extensive application because of its excellent properties such as high hardness, high oxidation temperature, low friction coefficient and thermal conductivity. Ti_1-xAl_xThe N coating structure and properties are strongly dependent on the Al content. As the Al content increases, hardness and oxidation resistance increase. But for PVD-Ti_1-xAl_xThe critical Al content of the N coating is approximately 0.5-0.67 at.%, and the mechanical property of the N coating is sharply reduced due to the appearance of hexagonal close-packed AlN (h-AlN) after the critical Al content of the N coating exceeds the critical value. By CVD, single-phase cubic phase Ti with Al content up to 0.9 at.% can be prepared_1-xAl_xAnd (4) coating N.

Patent WO2007003648A discloses a method for preparing single-phase Ti with cubic NaCl structure by CVD_{1- x}Al_xN (coefficient of measurement 0.75)<x is less than or equal to 0.93) coating. Literature (I.Endler, et al. novel aluminum-rich Ti)_{1- x}Al_xN coatings by LPCVD[J].Surface&Coatings Technology 203(2008)530-_1-xAl_xThe bonding force of the N coating reaches 80N, the coating stress is-450 MPa to-920 MPa, and the prepared CVD-Ti_1-xAl_xThe N coating exhibits excellent high temperature oxidation resistance. However, in this patent document and related studies, CVD-Ti was prepared_1-xAl_xIn the N coating layerHigh amounts of hexagonal AlN or amorphous carbon phases can adversely affect performance.

With the development of machining technology, the cutting performance and life of coated cutting tools are increasingly required. CVD and PVD coatings with different growth texture orientations have been prepared. These coating materials with specific growth texture orientations produce different effects in different cutting operations due to their anisotropic nature. WO2014173755A discloses a CVD-Ti_1-xAl_xC_yN_zCoating layer having intensity ratio of X-ray diffraction peaks of {111} plane and {200} plane of crystallization>1+(h+3)×(In h)²(h is the thickness of the coating) which is defined by the ratio of the relative intensities of the diffraction peaks in the description of the preferred growth orientation of the grains of the coating. However, as research progresses, different ways to achieve different growth texture orientations can be taken for different coating materials.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a CVD-TiAlCN coating with specific growth texture orientation, which has excellent wear resistance and coating spalling resistance and excellent cutting performance in turning, milling or drilling and a coating cutting tool with texture orientation and a preparation method thereof.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.

A coated cutting tool with texture orientation comprises a tool base body and at least one wear-resistant coating coated on the tool base body, wherein the wear-resistant coating has a total thickness of 2-25 mu m, and the wear-resistant coating comprises at least one layer of Al prepared by a low-pressure chemical vapor deposition method_xTi_1-xC_yN_1-yThe coating is characterized in that x is more than or equal to 0.35 and less than or equal to 0.98, x + y is more than or equal to 0.35 and less than or equal to 1.0, the deposition pressure is 1mbar to 12mbar, and the Al is_xTi_1-xC_yN_1-yThe coating has a preferred texture orientation relative to the {331} plane of the crystal, the texture coefficient TC (331) ≥ 1.5, TC (hkl) is defined as follows:

wherein the content of the first and second substances,

measured intensity of the i (hkl) ═ hkl (hkl) reflection,

I₀(hkl) standard intensity of the (hkl) reflection according to the standard powder diffraction data of applied JCPDF card Nos. 00-46-1200,

I(hkl)_i＝(hkl)_ithe measured intensity of the reflection is then,

I₀(hkl)_i(hkl) according to standard powder diffraction data of JCPDF card No. 00-46-1200_iThe standard intensity of the reflection is determined,

n is the number of reflections used in the calculation, n is 6,

(hkl)_iused (hkl)_iThe reflection crystal planes are (111), (200), (220), (311), (331) and (420).

The above-described coated cutting tool having texture orientation, preferably, the Al_xTi_1-xC_yN_1-yThe coating is in a fibrous columnar structure and is provided with Al parallel to the surface of the cutter substrate_xTi_1-xC_yN_1-yThe average width of columnar crystal grains at the 50% thickness section of the coating is d, and the Al_xTi_1-xC_yN_1-yThe thickness of the coating is h, and the ratio h/d of h to d is more than or equal to 10.

The above-described coated cutting tool having texture orientation, preferably, the Al_xTi_1-xC_yN_1-yThe coating has a face centered cubic crystal structure, and the proportion of the face centered cubic crystal structure is more than or equal to 89 volume percent.

The above-described coated cutting tool having texture orientation, more preferably, the Al_xTi_1-xC_yN_1-yThe proportion of the face-centered cubic crystal structure of the coating is more than or equal to 92 percent by volume.

The above-described coated cutting tool having texture orientation, more preferably, the Al_xTi_1-xC_yN_1-yFace centered cubic crystal junction of coatingThe ratio of the structure is more than or equal to 95 volume percent.

The above-described coated cutting tool having texture orientation, preferably, the Al_xTi_1-xC_yN_1-yThe thickness of the coating is 2-15 mu m, and the Al is_xTi_1-xC_yN_1-yThe nano-hardness of the coating is more than or equal to 30 GPa.

The above-described coated cutting tool having texture orientation, preferably, the Al_xTi_1-xC_yN_1-yAnd a transition layer is arranged between the coating and the cutter base body, the thickness of the transition layer is 0.3-7 μm, and the transition layer comprises at least one of a TiN layer deposited by CVD, a TiCN layer deposited by CVD and an h-AlN layer deposited by CVD.

More preferably, the thickness of the transition layer is 0.5 to 4 μm.

More preferably, the thickness of the transition layer is 0.6 μm to 2 μm.

The above-described coated cutting tool having texture orientation, preferably, the Al_xTi_1-xC_yN_1-yThe surface of the coating is also provided with a surface layer, the thickness of the surface layer is more than or equal to 1 mu m, and the surface layer comprises at least one layer of TiN layer deposited by CVD, TiC layer deposited by CVD and TiCN layer deposited by CVD.

As a general technical concept, the present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-described coated cutting tool having texture orientation, comprising the steps of:

(1) preparing a cutter base body;

(2) deposition of Al by low pressure CVD process_xTi_1-xC_yN_1-yCoating, and the process conditions comprise: introducing the reaction gas into the coating furnace by two gas pipelines, wherein the gas mixture V1 in the first gas pipeline contains 0.05-1.20 vol% of TiCl₄0.02 vol% to 10.0 vol% of AlCl₃0-0.8 vol% of a carbon source and the balance of a first carrier gas, wherein the first carrier gas is hydrogen (H)₂) And/or nitrogen (N)₂) The carbon source is acetonitrile (CH)₃CN), ethane (C)₆H₆) Ethylene (C)₂H₄) And acetylene (C)₂H₂) The gas mixture V2 in the second path of gas pipeline contains 0.10-16.0 vol% of nitrogen source and second carrier gas, the balance is the second carrier gas, the second carrier gas is hydrogen and/or nitrogen, the nitrogen source is NH₃And/or N₂H₄The volume ratio V1/V2 of the gas mixture V1 to the second gas mixture V2 is 1-12: 1, the deposition temperature is controlled at 650-910 ℃, and the deposition pressure is controlled at 1-12 mbar.

The preparation method of the coating cutting tool with the texture orientation preferably further comprises the steps of depositing a transition layer on the tool substrate by adopting a CVD (chemical vapor deposition) process and then depositing the Al on the transition layer_xTi_1-xC_yN_1-yCoating, finally applying CVD process to said Al_xTi_1-xC_yN_1-yA surface layer is deposited on the coating.

In the present invention, the tool base includes a tool base made of a superhard material such as cemented carbide, ceramics (e.g., cermet), steel, or cubic boron nitride.

The coating of the invention can be used on steel tools and hard material (including hard alloy, metal ceramic, ceramic or cubic boron nitride and other superhard materials) substrates. The coated cutting tool of the invention has excellent wear resistance, anti-stripping performance of the coating and high temperature oxidation resistance.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

1. aiming at the problem of Al content limitation in TiAlN coating, the invention adopts an ultra-Low Pressure CVD (LPCVD) process, in particular to Al deposited by low pressure CVD_xTi_1-xC_yN_1-yThe atmosphere of a deposition system of the coating is differentially controlled, and the fcc-TiAlN coating which has high Al content and TC (331) of more than or equal to 1.5 is deposited on the surface of the cutting tool.

2. Al of the invention_xTi_1-xC_yN_1-yThe coating is in a fibrous structure and has a high aspect ratioThe nano-hardness is as high as more than 30GP, and the wear resistance is obviously improved.

3. The coated cutting tool has excellent wear resistance, coating anti-stripping performance and high-temperature oxidation resistance, and has excellent performance in high-speed processing of cast iron, stainless steel and alloy steel.

Drawings

FIG. 1 shows Al in example 1 of the present invention_xTi_1-xC_yN_1-yX-ray diffraction pattern of the coating.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a coated cutting tool having texture orientation according to example 2 of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and specific preferred embodiments of the description, without thereby limiting the scope of protection of the invention.

The materials and equipment used in the following examples are commercially available.