阅读说明：本技术 一种添加返回料的gh4169合金盘锻件制备方法 (Preparation method of GH4169 alloy disc forging added with return material ) 是由 王涛 万志鹏 韦康 李钊 姜嘉赢 张勇 肖程波 于 2020-06-10 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于高温合金返回料再利用技术领域,具体涉及一种添加返回料的GH4169合金盘锻件制备方法；本发明采用添加GH4169返回料的GH4169合金棒材,返回料添加比例≥50％；制坯采用胎模锻造,改善了传统镦饼工艺所造成的坯料变形不均匀性,缩短了传统机加工制坯工时,减少了投料量；同时采用大变形量和低温锻造,提高了锻件实际变形量,促进了锻件组织细化与组织均匀性；另外采用复合包套提升锻件保温、润滑效果及各部位变形均匀性,进而解决了盘锻件变形死区的问题,改善锻件的组织均匀性。(The invention belongs to the technical field of recycling of high-temperature alloy return materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a GH4169 alloy disc forging added with return materials; the invention adopts GH4169 alloy bars added with GH4169 returning charge, and the adding proportion of the returning charge is more than or equal to 50 percent; the blank is forged by a forming die, so that the deformation nonuniformity of the blank caused by the traditional cake upsetting process is improved, the blank machining time of the traditional machine is shortened, and the material feeding amount is reduced; meanwhile, large deformation and low-temperature forging are adopted, so that the actual deformation of the forge piece is improved, and the structure refinement and the structure uniformity of the forge piece are promoted; in addition, the composite sheath is adopted to improve the heat preservation and lubrication effects of the forging and the deformation uniformity of all parts, so that the problem of deformation dead zones of the disc forging is solved, and the structure uniformity of the forging is improved.)

1. A preparation method of a GH4169 alloy disc forging added with return materials is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) carrying out aluminum silicate fiber soft covering on the GH4169 alloy bar material added with the GH4169 returning material, then heating before forging, and then prefabricating a blank by adopting a die forging mode;

(2) removing oxide skin and tiny cracks on the surface of the prefabricated blank, and carrying out composite sheathing treatment on the treated prefabricated blank;

(3) and (3) heating the prefabricated blank after the composite sheath is sheathed before forging, and then forging the once-formed disc forging by adopting a warm die or a hot die of a press.

2. The preparation method of the GH4169 alloy disc forging as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the addition proportion of the GH4169 alloy bar material added with the GH4169 return material is more than or equal to 50%.

3. The method of making a GH4169 alloy disc forging of claim 1, wherein the GH4169 alloy bar stock is cylindrical.

4. The GH4169 alloy disc forging manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the composite sheath of the prefabricated blank is divided into four parts, namely a lubricating layer (3), an insulating layer (4), a hard sheath (2) and a reinforcing sleeve (5), wherein the lubricating layer (3) is a glass lubricant; the heat preservation layer (4) is made of aluminum silicate fibers and is required to cover 1/4-3/4 of the height of the prefabricated blank, the hard sheath (2) and the reinforcing sleeve (5) are made of stainless steel plates or iron sheets, and the height of the reinforcing sleeve (5) is required to be 40-70% of the height of the prefabricated blank.

5. The preparation method of the GH4169 alloy disc forging piece according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the GH4169 alloy bar material added with the GH4169 return material is subjected to step heating before forging, the heating temperature is 980-1020 ℃, the heating and heat preservation time is the product of the diameter D of the bar material and the penetration rate of 0.8min/mm, and the bar material is air-cooled to room temperature after forging.

6. The preparation method of the GH4169 alloy disc forging as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the flexible sheath is made of aluminum silicate fibers which are cut according to the external dimension of the GH4169 alloy bar and have the thickness of 5-10 mm, and high-temperature bonding agents are uniformly scattered on the surfaces of the aluminum silicate fibers, which are in contact with the bar, so that the bar is sheathed on the whole surface.

7. The method for preparing the GH4169 alloy disc forging according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the precast blank is forged and formed by a die, the deformation is not less than 40%, and the forging rate is 1-10 mm/s.

8. The method for preparing the GH4169 alloy disc forging according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the scale removal and the micro-cracks are carried out by a sand blowing and side-damaging method.

9. The method for preparing the GH4169 alloy disc forging according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the heating temperature of the preform before finish forging forming is 980-1020 ℃, and the heating holding time is the product of the maximum thickness L in the longitudinal and transverse interfaces of the preform and the heat penetration rate; the disc forging is formed by adopting large deformation, the deformation in the forging process is not less than 60%, when warm die forging is adopted, the preheating temperature of the die is 350-550 ℃, when hot die forging is adopted, the preheating temperature of the die is 900-1000 ℃, and the forging rate is 0.5-5 mm/s.

10. The preparation method of the GH4169 alloy disc forging according to claim 6, wherein the high-temperature binder is a glass powder binder and resists 900-1100 ℃.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of recycling of high-temperature alloy return materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a GH4169 alloy disc forging added with return materials.

Background

The GH4169 alloy is one of key materials of key rotating disc parts such as compressor discs, turbine discs and the like of advanced aero-engines in China, is also a deformation high-temperature alloy with the largest using amount, and the continuous improvement of the maturity of the GH4169 alloy is the basis for ensuring the safety, reliability and economy of the advanced aero-engines. The problems of poor structure uniformity, excessive grain size, low performance margin, poor performance consistency, high cost and the like of the current GH4169 disc forging are solved, the source and the bar are derived on one hand, namely, metallurgical defects and thick structures in the bar are left in the forging, and the forging process of the source and the forging is immature on the other hand. Currently, bars used by domestic GH4169 disc forgings are all manufactured by smelting and forging new mining and metallurgy materials, the use of return materials is only limited to 'waste materials' generated in the smelting and forging processes of each metallurgical plant, and the use proportion is very low. The scrap and the block materials in the high-temperature alloy return material are both leftover materials processed by qualified high-temperature alloy materials, and are subjected to vacuum purification and refining for many times, the purity level is higher than that of a new mining and metallurgy material, if the same material in the same grade can be recycled, the purity of the high-temperature alloy material is effectively improved, and the cost of raw materials is obviously reduced. This is also one of the main reasons for the excellent quality and low price of the same alloy IN718 abroad. In order to improve the maturity of the recycling technology of the return materials, promote the improvement of the maturity of the GH4169 alloy manufacturing, improve the overall quality of the GH4169 disc forging and reduce the manufacturing cost of the disc forging, the invention provides the preparation method of the GH4169 alloy disc forging added with the return materials, and the preparation method can be used for refining the grain structure of the disc forging, improving the uniformity of the forging structure, shortening the manufacturing period of the forging and reducing the forging cost.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention is mainly used for providing a preparation method of a GH4169 alloy disc forging added with return materials, wherein the disc forging is prepared by selecting GH4169 alloy bars with high return material addition ratio, blank forging and blank manufacturing are carried out by adopting a die mould, large deformation die forging forming and composite sheath temperature control and lubrication are carried out, the forging structure can be obviously refined, the forging structure uniformity is improved, and meanwhile, the forging cost is reduced.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a preparation method of a GH4169 alloy disc forging added with return materials is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) carrying out aluminum silicate fiber soft covering on the GH4169 alloy bar material added with the GH4169 returning material, then heating before forging, and then prefabricating a blank by adopting a die forging mode;

(2) removing oxide skin and tiny cracks on the surface of the prefabricated blank, and carrying out composite sheathing treatment on the treated prefabricated blank;

(3) and (3) heating the prefabricated blank after the composite sheath is sheathed before forging, and then forging the once-formed disc forging by adopting a warm die or a hot die of a press.

The adding proportion of the GH4169 alloy bar material added with the GH4169 returning material is more than or equal to 50 percent.

The GH4169 alloy bar stock is cylindrical;

the prefabricated blank composite sheath is divided into four parts of structures, namely a lubricating layer (3), an insulating layer (4), a hard sheath (2) and a reinforcing sleeve (5), wherein the lubricating layer (3) is a glass lubricant; the heat preservation layer (4) is made of aluminum silicate fibers and is required to cover 1/4-3/4 of the height of the prefabricated blank, the hard sheath (2) and the reinforcing sleeve (5) are made of stainless steel plates or iron sheets, and the height of the reinforcing sleeve (5) is required to be 40-70% of the height of the prefabricated blank.

The GH4169 alloy bar added with the GH4169 return material is heated in a step mode before forging, the heating temperature is 980-1020 ℃, the heating and heat preservation time is the product of the diameter D of the bar and the heat penetration rate of 0.8min/mm, and the bar is air-cooled to the room temperature after forging.

The soft sheath is made of aluminum silicate fibers with the thickness of 5-10 mm, which are cut according to the appearance size of the GH4169 alloy bar, and the high-temperature adhesive is uniformly spread on the surface of the aluminum silicate fibers, which is in contact with the bar, so that the bar is sheathed on the whole surface.

The prefabricated blank is forged and formed by a moulding bed, the deformation is not less than 40%, and the forging rate is 1-10 mm/s.

The method for removing the oxide skin and the micro cracks is a sand blowing and flaw removing method.

The heating temperature of the pre-formed blank before finish forging forming is 980-1020 ℃, and the heating and heat preservation time is the product of the maximum thickness L and the heat penetration rate in the longitudinal and transverse interfaces of the pre-formed blank; the disc forging is formed by adopting large deformation, the deformation in the forging process is not less than 60%, when warm die forging is adopted, the preheating temperature of the die is 350-550 ℃, when hot die forging is adopted, the preheating temperature of the die is not lower than 900-1000 ℃, and the forging rate is 0.5-5 mm/s.

The high-temperature binder is a glass powder binder and can resist the temperature of 900-1100 ℃.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the GH4169 alloy high-purity bar with the high return material adding ratio is adopted, and compared with a bar prepared from brand-new mining and metallurgy pure element materials, the cost for adding the high-proportion return material bar is lower, so that the cost of the disc forging is reduced; (2) the blank forging blank manufacturing method improves the deformation nonuniformity of the blank caused by the traditional upset cake process, shortens the blank manufacturing time of the traditional machining, reduces the material feeding amount and reduces the material consumption cost; (3) the method has the advantages that the actual deformation of the forge piece is improved by large-deformation forming and low-temperature forging, and meanwhile, the pinning effect of the relative grain boundary is utilized to inhibit the grain boundary migration in the forging process, promote the recrystallization process in the forging process, further refine the forge piece structure and improve the structure uniformity; (4) the composite sheath is adopted to improve the heat preservation and lubrication effects of the forging and the deformation uniformity of each part, so that the problem of deformation dead zones of the disc forging is solved, and the structure uniformity of the forging is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of a preform composite envelope

FIG. 2 GH4169 alloy disc forging morphology (a) and metallographic structure (b) after solid solution + aging heat treatment

FIG. 3 GH4169 alloy disc forging morphology (a) and metallographic structure (b) after solid solution + aging heat treatment

Detailed Description

The technical scheme for preparing the disc forging in the invention is further described in detail by specific implementation examples.

A preparation method of a GH4169 alloy disc forging added with return materials comprises the following steps:

step one, heating a GH4169 alloy bar material added with GH4169 returning materials before forging after aluminum silicate fiber soft covering, and then prefabricating a blank in a die forging mode; the GH4169 alloy bar stock is cylindrical; the weight ratio of the added GH4169 return material is not less than 50%; the GH4169 alloy bar added with the GH4169 return material is heated in a step mode before forging, the heating temperature is 980-1020 ℃, the heating and heat preservation time is the product of the diameter D (unit: mm) of the bar and the heat penetration rate of 0.8min/mm, and the bar is air-cooled to the room temperature after forging; the soft sheath is made of aluminum silicate fibers with the thickness of 5-10 mm cut according to the appearance size of the GH4169 alloy bar, and high-temperature binders are uniformly scattered on the surfaces of the aluminum silicate fibers, which are in contact with the bar, so that the bar is sheathed on the whole surface; the prefabricated blank is forged and formed by a moulding bed, the deformation is not less than 40%, and the forging rate is 1-10 mm/s; the high-temperature binder is a glass powder binder and can resist the temperature of 900-1100 ℃.

Secondly, blowing sand and removing damages to oxide skins and micro cracks on the surfaces of the prefabricated blanks, and carrying out composite sheathing treatment on the treated prefabricated blanks; the prefabricated blank composite sheath is divided into four parts of structures, namely a lubricating layer (3), an insulating layer (4), a hard sheath (2) and a reinforcing sleeve (5), wherein the lubricating layer (3) is a glass lubricant; the heat preservation layer (4) is made of aluminum silicate fibers and is required to cover 1/4-3/4 of the height of the prefabricated blank, the hard sheath (2) and the reinforcing sleeve (5) are made of stainless steel plates or iron sheets, and the height of the reinforcing sleeve (5) is required to be 40-70% of the height of the prefabricated blank, as shown in figure 1.

Step three, heating the prefabricated blank after the composite sheath is sheathed before forging, and then forging a once-formed disc forging by adopting a warm die or a hot die of a press; the heating temperature of the pre-formed blank before finish forging forming is 980-1020 ℃, and the heating and heat preservation time is the product of the maximum thickness L (unit: mm) in the longitudinal and transverse interfaces of the pre-formed blank and the heat penetration rate (1 min/mm); the disc forging is formed by adopting large deformation, the deformation in the forging process is not less than 60%, when warm die forging is adopted, the preheating temperature of the die is 350-550 ℃, when hot die forging is adopted, the preheating temperature of the die is not lower than 900-1000 ℃, and the forging rate is 0.5-5 mm/s.

Working example 1

Step one, selecting GH4169 returning material and adding 50% of GH4169 by weight to forge a bar, wherein the diameter of the bar is 230mm, and the height of the bar is 590 mm. Heating the bar stock to 1000 ℃ by adopting a step type heating mode, selecting aluminum silicate fiber with the thickness of 5mm and a high-temperature binder for full-surface soft covering, and then continuously returning to the furnace to heat and preserve heat at 1000 ℃ for 184 min;

step two, performing die forging on the bar stock treated in the step one to prepare a blank, and cooling the blank to room temperature after forging, wherein the integral reduction deformation is 51 percent, namely the height of the thickest part after forging is 289mm, and the forging rate is 7 mm/s;

thirdly, blowing sand to the preformed blank processed in the second step, removing oxide skin on the surface of the blank in the forging process, and simultaneously polishing to remove micro cracks;

and step four, performing canning treatment on the prefabricated blank processed in the step three, preheating the prefabricated blank to 200 ℃, spraying glass lubricant on the surface of the prefabricated blank, performing soft canning by adopting aluminum silicate fibers with the thickness of 5mm and high-temperature adhesive, and completing hard canning and reinforcing sleeve by adopting a stainless steel plate, wherein the height of the reinforcing sleeve is 175mm (the height of the prefabricated blank is 60%).

Step five, performing pre-forging heating treatment on the prefabricated blank processed in the step four, heating to 1000 ℃ by adopting a step heating mode, and keeping the temperature for 289 min;

and step six, performing finish forging forming on the prefabricated blank processed in the step five in a warm forging mode, and forging and forming by adopting a 4 ten thousand ton press, wherein the preheating temperature of a die is 400 ℃, the reduction in the forging process is 70%, and the forging speed is 3 mm/s.

The mechanical test results of the GH4169 alloy disc forging prepared by the embodiment after the solution aging treatment are shown in tables 1-3, and the morphology size and the metallographic structure of the GH4169 alloy disc forging prepared by the embodiment after the solution aging treatment are shown in FIG. 2.

TABLE 1 room temperature tensile Properties of GH4169 alloy disk forgings after Standard Heat treatment

TABLE 2 GH4169 alloy disk forgings tensile properties at 650 ℃ after standard heat treatment

TABLE 3 GH4169 alloy disc forgings 650 ℃/690MPa combination endurance property after standard heat treatment

Note: the solid solution and aging heat treatment system of the GH4169 alloy disc forging comprises the following steps: solution treatment-965 +/-10 ℃ and heat preservation for 1 h/air cooling to room temperature, aging treatment-720 +/-5 ℃ and heat preservation for 8 h/furnace cooling to 620 +/-5 ℃ and heat preservation for 8 h/air cooling to room temperature at a cooling rate of 50 +/-10 ℃.

As can be seen from tables 1-3 and FIG. 2, the GH4169 alloy disc forging prepared in the implementation example has uniform grain size after solid solution and aging heat treatment, and the mechanical properties can meet the technical requirements of product use.

Working example 2

Step one, selecting GH4169 returning material and adding 70% of GH4169 by weight to forge a bar, wherein the diameter of the bar is 270mm, and the height of the bar is 730 mm. Heating the bar stock to 990 ℃, selecting aluminum silicate fiber with the thickness of 5mm and a high-temperature binder for full-surface soft covering, then continuously returning to the furnace, heating and preserving heat at 990 ℃, wherein the heat preservation time is 216 min;

step two, performing die forging on the bar stock processed in the step one to prepare a blank, and cooling the blank to room temperature after forging, wherein the integral reduction deformation is 60 percent, namely the height of the thickest part after forging is 292mm, and the forging rate is 5 mm/s;

thirdly, blowing sand to the preformed blank processed in the second step, removing oxide skin on the surface of the blank in the forging process, and simultaneously polishing to remove micro cracks;

and step four, performing sheath treatment on the preform treated in the step three, wherein the preform sheath is divided into four parts, namely a lubricating layer (3), an insulating layer (4), a hard sheath (2) and a reinforcing sleeve (5), the specific structure is shown in fig. 1, the surface of the preform is sprayed with a glass lubricant after the preform is preheated to 200 ℃, then the soft sheath is performed by adopting aluminum silicate fibers with the thickness of 5mm and a high-temperature adhesive, and then the hard sheath and the reinforcing sleeve are completed by adopting a stainless steel plate, and the height of the reinforcing sleeve is 175mm (the height of the preform is 60%).

Step five, performing pre-forging heating treatment on the pre-blank processed in the step four, heating to 1000 ℃ by adopting a step heating mode, and keeping the temperature for 430 min;

and step six, performing hot die forging and finish forging forming on the prefabricated blank processed in the step five, and forging and forming by adopting a 2 ten thousand ton press, wherein the preheating temperature of a die is 900 ℃, the reduction in the forging process is 70%, and the forging speed is 1 mm/s.

The mechanical test results of the GH4169 alloy disc forging prepared by the embodiment after the solution aging treatment are shown in tables 4-6, and the morphology size and the metallographic structure of the GH4169 alloy disc forging prepared by the embodiment after the solution aging treatment are shown in FIG. 3.

TABLE 4 room temperature tensile Properties of GH4169 alloy disk forgings after Standard Heat treatment

TABLE 5 GH4169 alloy disk forgings tensile properties at 650 ℃ after standard heat treatment

TABLE 6 GH4169 alloy disc forgings 650 ℃/690MPa combination endurance property after standard heat treatment

Note: the solid solution and aging heat treatment system of the GH4169 alloy disc forging comprises the following steps: solution treatment-965 +/-10 ℃ and heat preservation for 1 h/air cooling to room temperature, aging treatment-720 +/-5 ℃ and heat preservation for 8 h/furnace cooling to 620 +/-5 ℃ and heat preservation for 8 h/air cooling to room temperature at a cooling rate of 50 +/-10 ℃.

As can be seen from tables 4-6 and FIG. 3, the GH4169 alloy disc forging prepared in the implementation example has uniform grain size after solid solution and aging heat treatment, and the mechanical properties can meet the technical requirements of product use.