阅读说明：本技术 可移动的起重机缓冲装置 (Movable crane buffer device ) 是由 靳慧 王洁 丁克勤 王立彬 于 2020-06-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种可移动的起重机缓冲装置,包括与起重机轮同轴设置的制动轮、均布于制动轮四周的钩齿、位于制动轮中心轴处并伸出的轮轴、位于起重机轨道旁侧且朝向起重机方向具有开口的缓冲箱以及倾斜设置于缓冲箱外侧且一端与缓冲箱可转动连接另一端可与轮轴接触实现缓冲的制动臂,所述缓冲箱内沿轨道方向依次设置有若干个用于勾连钩齿实现缓冲的缓冲弹簧。本发明的起重机缓冲装置利用缓冲箱上的制动臂、缓冲弹簧和端部挡板形成多重缓冲作用,缓冲箱可根据制动需求设置在轨道的任意段,缓冲箱结构简单、安全可靠,具有良好的推广前景。(The invention discloses a movable crane buffering device which comprises a brake wheel, hook teeth, a wheel shaft, a buffer box and a brake arm, wherein the brake wheel is coaxially arranged with a crane wheel, the hook teeth are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the brake wheel, the wheel shaft is positioned at the central shaft of the brake wheel and extends out, the buffer box is positioned beside a crane track and provided with an opening towards the crane direction, the brake arm is obliquely arranged on the outer side of the buffer box, one end of the brake arm is rotatably connected with the buffer box, the other end of the brake arm can be contacted with the wheel shaft to realize buffering, and a plurality of buffering springs used for hooking the hook teeth. The crane buffering device provided by the invention utilizes the braking arm, the buffering spring and the end baffle on the buffering box to form multiple buffering functions, the buffering box can be arranged at any section of a track according to braking requirements, and the buffering box is simple in structure, safe and reliable and has a good popularization prospect.)

1. A mobile crane damping device, comprising: the crane comprises a brake wheel (2) coaxially arranged with a crane wheel (1), hook teeth (3) uniformly distributed on the periphery of the brake wheel, a wheel shaft (4) positioned at the center shaft of the brake wheel and extending out, a buffer box (6) positioned beside a crane track (5) and provided with an opening towards the crane direction, and a brake arm (7) obliquely arranged on the outer side of the buffer box, wherein one end of the brake arm is in contact with the wheel shaft to realize buffering with the other end of the buffer box in a rotatable manner, and a plurality of buffer springs (8) used for hooking the hook teeth to realize buffering are sequentially arranged in the buffer box (6) along the track direction.

2. Mobile crane damping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the height of the front end of the buffer box (6) close to the crane is consistent with the height of the lowest point of the wheel shaft, and the tail end of the buffer box (6) far away from the crane is provided with a buffer baffle (9) higher than the wheel shaft.

3. Mobile crane damping device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the buffer baffle (9) is made of damping material.

4. Mobile crane damping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a horizontal spring (10) and a vertical spring (11) are respectively arranged on two sides of the brake arm (7).

5. Mobile crane damping device according to claim 4, characterized in that: one end of the horizontal spring (10) is connected with the brake arm (7), and the other end of the horizontal spring is arranged at the tail end of the buffer box (6) far away from the crane.

6. Mobile crane damping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the width of the inner side of the buffer box (6) is not less than the thickness of the brake wheel (2).

7. Mobile crane damping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the buffer box (6) is detachably connected with the side surface of the crane track (5) through a bolt (13).

8. Mobile crane damping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hook teeth (3) are detachably connected with the brake wheel (2).

9. Mobile crane damping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the surface of the brake arm (7) contacting with the wheel axle (4) is provided with a rubber layer with a buffer function.

10. Mobile crane damping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the buffer spring (8) is connected with the hook rings of the two side plates of the buffer box through hooks.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a buffer device, in particular to a movable crane buffer device.

Background

The crane is important equipment in industrial production, has the characteristics of large volume, great weight and high running speed, and the effective stop of the crane is favorable for production safety.

The crane brakes can be divided into three categories, electric braking, hydraulic braking and mechanical braking, according to the power source.

(1) Electric braking consumes mechanical motion by changing the wiring pattern of the electric motor to cause the electric motor to generate a retarding electromagnetic torque in a direction opposite to the direction of operation, thereby reducing or limiting the motion of the crane wheel.

(2) The hydraulic brake is realized by using a hydraulic damping device and has the functions of speed reduction and speed limitation.

(3) The mechanical brake completes the braking process by using a mechanical braking device and has various functions of speed reduction, parking, speed limitation and the like.

Electric power or hydraulic power and other external power are required to be introduced into the electric brake and the hydraulic brake, the structure of the device is complex, and the cost is high; the mechanical brake function is abundant, simple structure. In mechanical braking, a common braking device is an iron shoe and a rail clamp. The iron shoe stopping is realized by climbing wheels onto the iron shoe and braking by means of sliding friction, and the crane wheels are lifted in such a way, so that the overturning risk exists; the rail clamping device is arranged on the rail, so that the crane is connected with the rail, braking is performed by means of sliding resistance, but the requirement of the stop on the rail is high, and the rail is greatly influenced by a rail joint. The above prior art all solves the problem of stopping the crane wheel by a single stopping approach, and when the single approach fails to completely stop or the stopping fails, an effective secondary countermeasure is lacking.

Therefore, it is desired to solve the above problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to provide a multistage buffering movable crane buffering device.

The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the purpose, the invention discloses a movable crane buffer device which comprises a brake wheel, hook teeth, a wheel shaft, a buffer box and a brake arm, wherein the brake wheel is coaxially arranged with a crane wheel, the hook teeth are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the brake wheel, the wheel shaft is positioned at the central shaft of the brake wheel and extends out, the buffer box is positioned beside a crane track and provided with an opening towards the crane direction, the brake arm is obliquely arranged on the outer side of the buffer box, one end of the brake arm is rotatably connected with the buffer box, the other end of the brake arm can be in contact with the wheel shaft to achieve buffering, and a plurality of buffer springs used for hooking.

The height of the front end of the buffer box close to the crane is consistent with the height of the lowest point of the wheel shaft, and the tail end of the buffer box far away from the crane is provided with a buffer baffle higher than the wheel shaft.

Preferably, the damper is made of a damping material. The buffer baffle plate can further consume energy generated by the collision of the wheel shaft.

Furthermore, a horizontal spring and a vertical spring are respectively arranged on two sides of the brake arm.

Furthermore, one end of the horizontal spring is connected with the brake arm, and the other end of the horizontal spring is arranged at the tail end of the buffer box far away from the crane.

Preferably, the width of the inner side of the buffer tank is not less than the thickness of the brake wheel.

And moreover, the buffer box is detachably connected with the side surface of the crane track through a bolt.

Furthermore, the hook teeth are detachably connected with the brake wheel. The hook tooth on the brake wheel has detachability, and the hook tooth connected with the buffer spring is detached after braking is completed, so that the crane wheel can be loosened.

Preferably, the surface of the brake arm contacting the wheel axle is provided with a rubber layer for buffering.

Furthermore, the buffer spring is connected with the hook rings of the two side plates of the buffer box through hooks. The buffer spring is connected with the buffer box side plate by the hook, so that the buffer spring has detachability and replaceability; when the buffer spring is seriously damaged, the damaged buffer spring can be dismounted and replaced by a new buffer spring; after the crane is braked, the buffer spring can be detached, so that the hook teeth on the brake wheel are separated from the buffer spring, and the function of loosening the crane wheel is achieved.

Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages: firstly, the interaction of a brake arm and a wheel shaft is utilized to form a first heavy buffer to stop the movement of a crane wheel; in addition, the buffer spring and the hook teeth are matched with each other to form a second buffer to stop the movement of the crane wheel; in addition, the buffer baffle of the buffer box is utilized to realize the third-time buffering, so that a good deceleration buffering effect is achieved; in addition, the invention utilizes the spring resistance formed by the combined action of the horizontal spring and the vertical spring to block the continuous rotation of the brake arm to realize buffering; the buffer baffle plate can further consume energy generated by the collision of the wheel shaft; the hook tooth on the brake wheel is detachable, and the hook tooth connected with the buffer spring is detached after braking is finished, so that the crane wheel can be loosened; in addition, the buffer spring and the side plate of the buffer box are connected by the hook and the shackle, so that the buffer spring has detachability and replaceability; when the buffer spring is seriously damaged, the damaged buffer spring can be dismounted and replaced by a new buffer spring; after the crane is braked, the buffer spring can be disassembled to separate the hook teeth on the brake wheel from the buffer spring, so that the function of loosening the crane wheel is achieved; finally, the invention has simple structure, safety, reliability and convenient popularization.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a top view of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by combining the attached drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the movable crane damping device of the invention comprises a brake wheel 2, a hook 3, an axle 4, a damping box 6, a brake arm 7, a damping spring 8, a damping baffle 9, a horizontal spring 10 and a vertical spring 11.

The brake wheel 2 and the crane wheel 1 are coaxially arranged, spokes 12 are uniformly distributed on the brake wheel 2, a wheel shaft 4 extends out of the central shaft of the brake wheel, hook teeth 3 are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the brake wheel, the hook teeth 3 are inverted-C-shaped tooth claws, and the hook teeth 3 are detachably connected with the brake wheel 2; the hook tooth on the brake wheel has detachability, and the hook tooth connected with the buffer spring is detached after braking is completed, so that the crane wheel can be loosened.

When the crane wheel 1 rotates, the wheel shaft 4 drives the spokes 12 to rotate, and the spokes 12 drive the brake wheel 2 to rotate coaxially with the crane wheel 1. When braking demand, be fixed in the outside of hoist track 5 with buffer tank 6 through bolt 13, realize the detachable connection of buffer tank 6 and hoist track 5 side. The buffer box 6 comprises two side plates and a vertical plate, the buffer box 6 is provided with an opening facing the crane direction, and the width of the inner side of the buffer box 6 is not less than the thickness of the brake wheel 2.

The brake arm 7 is obliquely arranged on the outer side of the buffer box, one end of the brake arm 7 is rotatably connected with the buffer box, the other end of the brake arm 7 can be in contact with the wheel shaft to realize buffering, and a rubber layer with a buffering effect is arranged on the surface of the brake arm 7 in contact with the wheel shaft 4.

Horizontal spring 10 and vertical spring 11 are respectively arranged on two sides of brake arm 7, one end of horizontal spring 10 is connected with brake arm 7, the other end is connected with buffer box 6 through first upright post 14, and the other end of horizontal spring is located the tail end of buffer box 6 far away from the crane. One end of the vertical spring 11 is connected with the brake arm 7, and the other end is connected with the buffer box 6 through a second upright post 15. The buffer box is placed at a required crane stopping position, after the crane stops supplying power, the crane wheel 1 slides along the track, the brake wheel 2 moves towards the buffer box 6 along with the crane wheel 1, firstly, the wheel shaft 4 is in contact with the brake arm 7 on the outer side of the buffer box, the brake arm 7 rotates anticlockwise under the action of the pushing force, the horizontal spring 10 is pressed during the rotation process, the vertical spring 11 is pulled, the continuous rotation of the brake arm 7 is hindered under the combined action of the horizontal spring 10 and the vertical spring 11, so that the deceleration effect of the wheel shaft 4 is achieved, in the process that the wheel shaft 4 continues to move forwards, the horizontal spring 10 allows the brake arm 7 to continue to rotate, and in the process that the brake arm 7 rotates, the brake arm is continuously compressed to achieve the continuous buffering effect to serve as a first buffer to stop the crane wheel 1 from moving forwards.

A plurality of buffer springs 8 are sequentially arranged in the buffer box 6 along the track direction, hooks are arranged at two ends of each buffer spring 8, hook rings are arranged on two side plates of the buffer box 6, and the buffer springs 8 are connected with the hook rings on the two side plates of the buffer box 6 through the hooks at the two ends. The buffer spring and the side plate of the buffer box are connected by the hook and the hook ring, so that the buffer spring has detachability and replaceability; when the buffer spring is seriously damaged, the damaged buffer spring can be dismounted and replaced by a new buffer spring; after the crane is braked, the buffer spring can be detached, so that the hook teeth on the brake wheel are separated from the buffer spring, and the function of loosening the crane wheel is achieved.

The crane wheel 1 continues to move forwards, the hook teeth 3 move along with the brake wheel 2 and are sequentially hooked with the buffer springs 8 in the buffer tank 6, the farther the moving distance between the crane wheel 1 and the brake wheel 2 is, the more the buffer springs 8 hooked by the hook teeth 3 are, and the larger the deformation of the hooked buffer springs 8 is, the larger the buffering effect on the brake wheel 2 is; the buffer spring 8 and the hook teeth 3 form a second buffer stop for the forward movement of the crane wheel 1.

The height of the front end of the buffer box 6 close to the crane is consistent with the height of the lowest point of the wheel shaft, the tail end of the buffer box 6 far away from the crane is provided with a buffer baffle plate 9 higher than the wheel shaft, and the buffer baffle plate 9 is made of damping materials.

If the crane wheel 1 still does not stop moving under the action of the previous two buffers, the buffer baffle 9 of the buffer box 6 plays a role of a third buffer stop for the crane wheel 1 to move forward.

The crane buffering device provided by the invention utilizes the braking arm, the buffering spring and the end baffle on the buffering box to form multiple buffering functions, the buffering box can be arranged at any section of a track according to braking requirements, and the buffering box is simple in structure, safe and reliable and has a good popularization prospect.