High-strength aluminum profile production method capable of controlling size by tearing structure
阅读说明：本技术 一种利用撕口结构控制尺寸的高强度铝型材生产方法 (High-strength aluminum profile production method capable of controlling size by tearing structure ) 是由 董政 杨海涛 卢崇 曹明家 付园龙 于 2020-07-06 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种利用撕口结构控制尺寸的高强度铝型材生产方法,属于铝型材生产技术领域,包括配料、熔铸、均匀化、挤压、在线淬火、撕口处理和时效步骤,其中,撕口处理步骤为：利用专用撕口机去除挤压获得并经在线淬火的具有撕口结构的高强度铝型材的撕口结构,获得带有开口的高强度铝型材。撕口结构对带有开口的高强度铝型材的开口施加一定的力,防止在线淬火中开口严重变形导致尺寸不准,提高产品合格率,解决生产带有开口的高强度铝型材其开口尺寸不易控制的问题。(The invention relates to a high-strength aluminum profile production method for controlling size by using a tearing structure, which belongs to the technical field of aluminum profile production and comprises the steps of material preparation, casting, homogenization, extrusion, online quenching, tearing treatment and aging, wherein the tearing treatment step comprises the following steps: and removing the tearing structure of the high-strength aluminum profile with the tearing structure obtained by extrusion by using a special tearing machine and carrying out on-line quenching to obtain the high-strength aluminum profile with the opening. The tearing structure exerts certain force on the opening of the high-strength aluminum profile with the opening, prevents the serious deformation of the opening in online quenching from causing inaccurate size, improves the product percent of pass, and solves the problem that the size of the opening of the high-strength aluminum profile with the opening is difficult to control in production.)
1. The production method of the high-strength aluminum profile controlling the size by using the tearing structure is characterized by comprising the steps of material preparation, casting, homogenization, extrusion, online quenching, tearing treatment and aging, wherein the tearing treatment step is as follows: and removing the tearing structure of the high-strength aluminum profile with the tearing structure obtained by extrusion by using a special tearing machine and carrying out on-line quenching to obtain the high-strength aluminum profile with the opening.
2. A method for producing a high-strength aluminum profile using a tear structure to control the size according to claim 1, wherein the batching step is: preparing an aluminum alloy raw material, Si, according to the following alloy components in percentage by weight: 0.6% -1.0%, Fe: less than or equal to 0.5 percent, Cu: less than or equal to 0.1 percent, Mn: less than or equal to 0.4-0.9 percent, Mg: 0.5% -0.9%, Zn: less than or equal to 0.10 percent, Ti: less than or equal to 0.05 percent, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of other single impurities, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of other impurities in total, and the balance of Al.
3. A method of producing a high strength aluminum profile using a tear structure to control dimensions as claimed in claim 1, wherein the extruding step is: gradient heating is adopted for the aluminum alloy ingot obtained by casting and subjected to homogenization heat treatment, the heating temperature at the head end is 510-530 ℃, and the heating temperature at the tail end is 500-520 ℃; and (3) feeding the aluminum alloy cast ingot into an extrusion cylinder of an extruder for extrusion to obtain the high-strength aluminum profile with the tear structure, wherein the temperature of the extrusion cylinder is 480-510 ℃, and the extrusion speed is 1.0-1.5 m/min.
4. The method for producing a high-strength aluminum profile with size controlled by a tear structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the aluminum alloy ingot obtained by casting and subjected to the homogenization heat treatment is subjected to a skin turning treatment before the extrusion.
5. A method for producing a high-strength aluminum profile using a tear structure to control the size according to claim 1, wherein the on-line quenching step is: and carrying out on-line quenching on the high-strength aluminum profile with the tearing structure obtained by extrusion in a water cooling mode, wherein the temperature of the high-strength aluminum profile before quenching is 460-500 ℃, and the temperature of the high-strength aluminum profile after quenching is 30-50 ℃.
6. The method for producing high-strength aluminum profiles with size control by means of tear structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the casting step is: adding the aluminum alloy raw material obtained by burdening into a smelting furnace to be smelted into liquid aluminum alloy, and casting the liquid aluminum alloy into an aluminum alloy ingot.
7. A method for producing a high-strength aluminum profile with size controlled by a tear structure as claimed in claim 6, wherein the liquid aluminum alloy is subjected to stirring, slag removal, degassing and refining before casting.
8. The method for producing a high-strength aluminum profile using a tear structure to control the dimension as claimed in claim 1, wherein the high-strength aluminum profile having a tear structure obtained by extrusion and quenched on-line is subjected to a stretching straightening treatment before the tear treatment.
9. The method for producing a high-strength aluminum profile with a tear structure for controlling the size according to claim 8, wherein the high-strength aluminum profile with the tear structure is subjected to fixed-length sawing after the stretching and straightening, and then subjected to tear treatment.
10. The method for producing a high-strength aluminum profile by using a tear structure to control the size as claimed in claim 1, wherein the high-strength aluminum profile with the opening is subjected to surface quality, dimensional macroscopic and macroscopic structure and mechanical property inspection after aging, and the high-strength aluminum profile product meeting the requirements is packaged.
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum profile production, and relates to a high-strength aluminum profile production method by utilizing a tearing structure to control the size.
Background
High-strength aluminum profiles generally have higher quenching sensitivity, and off-line quenching is often required in the production process in order to obtain high performance. Along with high cooling rate, the deformation degree of the section bar is increased, and the size is difficult to control, especially the opening size of aluminum high-strength aluminum section bars with openings, such as a traction beam section bar for rail transit with a section shape similar to a U shape, is more difficult to control.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a method for producing a high-strength aluminum profile with a tear structure to control the size, so as to solve the problems that the size of an opening is difficult to control and the deformation is severe in the production process of the high-strength aluminum profile with the opening.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a production method of a high-strength aluminum profile controlling size by using a tearing structure comprises the steps of material preparation, casting, homogenization, extrusion, online quenching, tearing treatment and aging, wherein the tearing treatment step is as follows: and removing the tearing structure of the high-strength aluminum profile with the tearing structure obtained by extrusion by using a special tearing machine and carrying out on-line quenching to obtain the high-strength aluminum profile with the opening.
Further, the batching step is as follows: preparing an aluminum alloy raw material, Si, according to the following alloy components in percentage by weight: 0.6% -1.0%, Fe: less than or equal to 0.5 percent, Cu: less than or equal to 0.1 percent, Mn: less than or equal to 0.4-0.9 percent, Mg: 0.5% -0.9%, Zn: less than or equal to 0.10 percent, Ti: less than or equal to 0.05 percent, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of other single impurities, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of other impurities in total, and the balance of Al.
Further, the extrusion step is: gradient heating is adopted for the aluminum alloy ingot obtained by casting and subjected to homogenization heat treatment, the heating temperature at the head end is 510-530 ℃, and the heating temperature at the tail end is 500-520 ℃; and (3) feeding the aluminum alloy cast ingot into an extrusion cylinder of an extruder for extrusion to obtain the high-strength aluminum profile with the tear structure, wherein the temperature of the extrusion cylinder is 480-510 ℃, and the extrusion speed is 1.0-1.5 m/min.
Further, before extrusion, the aluminum alloy cast ingot obtained by casting and subjected to homogenization heat treatment is subjected to turning treatment.
Further, the online quenching step comprises: and carrying out on-line quenching on the high-strength aluminum profile with the tearing structure obtained by extrusion in a water cooling mode, wherein the temperature of the high-strength aluminum profile before quenching is 460-500 ℃, and the temperature of the high-strength aluminum profile after quenching is 30-50 ℃.
Further, the casting step is: adding the aluminum alloy raw material obtained by burdening into a smelting furnace to be smelted into liquid aluminum alloy, and casting the liquid aluminum alloy into an aluminum alloy ingot.
Further, before casting, the liquid aluminum alloy is stirred, slag removed, degassed, deslagged and refined.
Further, before tearing, the high-strength aluminum profile with the tearing structure obtained by extrusion and subjected to on-line quenching is subjected to stretching and straightening treatment.
Further, after stretching and straightening, the high-strength aluminum profile with the tearing structure is subjected to fixed-length sawing and cutting, and then the tearing treatment is carried out.
Further, after aging, the high-strength aluminum profile with the opening is subjected to surface quality, dimension low-power and high-power tissue and mechanical property inspection, and the high-strength aluminum profile product meeting the requirements is packaged.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the production method is suitable for producing high-strength aluminum profiles with openings, the high-strength aluminum profiles with the tearing structures are obtained through extrusion, the tearing structures are connected with the to-be-produced profiles at the opening positions of the to-be-produced profiles, then the high-strength aluminum profiles with the tearing structures are directly quenched on line without being taken off line, the tearing structures can apply certain force to the opening positions to prevent the openings from being deformed to a large extent so as to control the opening sizes, then the tearing structures are removed by using a special tearing machine to recover the openings, so that the high-strength aluminum profiles with the openings are obtained, and the standard reaching rate of the obtained products is improved.
(2) According to the production method disclosed by the invention, the extrusion difficulty is increased after the tearing structure is added, and the extrusion difficulty is reduced by reducing the contents of Si and Mg in the alloy raw material.
(3) The production method disclosed by the invention ensures the performance of the obtained product by applying higher heating temperature to the cast aluminum alloy ingot subjected to homogenizing heat treatment and performing high-strength quenching in a water cooling mode.
Drawings
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention is illustrated by the following drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a high-strength aluminum profile with an opening obtained by the production method disclosed by the invention;
figure 2 is a schematic view of a tear structure.
Reference numerals: high
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 shows a high-
s1, material preparation: preparing an aluminum alloy raw material, Si, according to the following alloy components in percentage by weight: 0.6% -1.0%, Fe: less than or equal to 0.5 percent, Cu: less than or equal to 0.1 percent, Mn: less than or equal to 0.4-0.9 percent, Mg: 0.5% -0.9%, Zn: less than or equal to 0.10 percent, Ti: less than or equal to 0.05 percent, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of other single impurities, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of other impurities in total, and the balance of Al;
s2, casting: adding the aluminum alloy raw material obtained by the ingredients into a smelting furnace to be smelted into liquid aluminum alloy, stirring, slagging off, degassing, deslagging and refining the liquid aluminum alloy, and then casting the liquid aluminum alloy into an aluminum alloy ingot;
s3, homogenizing: carrying out homogenization heat treatment on the aluminum alloy cast ingot obtained by casting in a homogenizing furnace;
s4, extruding: performing skin removing and peeling treatment on the homogenized aluminum alloy cast ingot; gradient heating is adopted, the heating temperature at the head end is 510-530 ℃, and the heating temperature at the tail end is 500-520 ℃; feeding the aluminum alloy cast ingot into an extrusion cylinder of an extruder for extrusion to obtain a high-strength aluminum profile with a tear structure 2, wherein the temperature of the extrusion cylinder is 480-510 ℃, and the extrusion speed is 1.0-1.5 m/min;
s5, online quenching: carrying out on-line quenching on the high-strength aluminum profile with the tear structure 2 obtained by extrusion in a water cooling mode, wherein the temperature of the high-strength aluminum profile before quenching is 460-500 ℃, and the temperature of the high-strength aluminum profile after quenching is 30-50 ℃;
s6, stretching and straightening: cutting off the high-strength aluminum profile with the tearing structure 2 after on-line quenching, stretching and straightening, and detecting the size condition;
s7, fixed-length sawing: the high-strength aluminum profile with the tearing structure 2 is subjected to fixed-length sawing according to requirements;
s8, tearing: removing the tearing structure 2 of the high-strength aluminum profile with the tearing structure 2 by using a special tearing machine to obtain the high-strength aluminum profile with an opening;
s9, aging: carrying out aging heat treatment on the high-strength aluminum profile with the opening after tearing;
s10, inspection and packaging: after aging, the high-strength aluminum profile with the opening is subjected to surface quality, dimension low-power and high-power tissue and mechanical property inspection, and the high-strength aluminum profile product meeting the requirements is packaged.
As shown in fig. 2, the tearing structure 2 is located at the opening position of the high-
Traditionally, the aluminum alloy raw materials for producing the traction beam profile for rail transit comprise the following alloy components in percentage by weight: si: 1.0% -1.05%, Fe: 0.4%, Cu: 0.05%, Mn: less than or equal to 0.55-0.65%, Mg: 0.9% -0.95%, Zn: 0.10%, Ti: 0.05 percent, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of other single impurities, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of other impurities in total, and the balance of Al. Increase in this embodiment and tear a mouthful structure 2 back and lead to the extrusion degree of difficulty increase, reduce the extrusion degree of difficulty through the content that reduces Si and Mg in the alloy raw materials.
The performance of the obtained product is ensured by applying higher heating temperature to the aluminum alloy cast ingot obtained by casting and subjected to homogenization heat treatment and performing high-strength quenching in a water cooling mode.
Finally, the above embodiments are only intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions, and all of them should be covered by the claims of the present invention.