阅读说明：本技术 膝关节系统、胫骨假体、胫骨托假体系列及胫骨托假体组 (Knee joint system, tibial prosthesis, tibial tray prosthesis series and tibial tray prosthesis set ) 是由 孙延东 赵开宇 史忠兵 熊文涛 于 2020-06-05 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种膝关节系统、胫骨假体、胫骨托假体系列及胫骨托假体组。其中胫骨托假体组包括至少两个型号不同胫骨托假体,每个骨托假体均设有用于与胫骨连接的立柱以及龙骨,每个骨托假体还均设有第一基准面以及第二基准面,第二基准面与所述第一基准面相交,当不同型号的所述胫骨托假体的所述第一基准面对齐并且所述第二基准面对齐时,不同型号的所述胫骨托假体的所述立柱重合并且所述龙骨重合。上述胫骨托假体组高了胫骨托假体的固定稳定性,减小胫骨托假体松动发生概率。同时无需重新开立柱孔以及龙骨13槽也提高了手术操作效率,减小了手术时间,降低了患者感染的发生概率。(The invention relates to a knee joint system, a tibial prosthesis, a tibial tray prosthesis series and a tibial tray prosthesis group. The tibia support prosthesis group comprises at least two tibia support prostheses with different models, each tibia support prosthesis is provided with an upright post and a keel which are used for being connected with a tibia, each tibia support prosthesis is further provided with a first datum surface and a second datum surface, the second datum surface is intersected with the first datum surface, and when the first datum surfaces of the tibia support prostheses with different models are aligned and the second datum surfaces are aligned, the upright posts of the tibia support prostheses with different models are overlapped and the keels are overlapped. The tibia support prosthesis group improves the fixing stability of the tibia support prosthesis and reduces the probability of occurrence of looseness of the tibia support prosthesis. Meanwhile, the operation efficiency is improved without re-opening the upright post hole and the keel 13 groove, the operation time is shortened, and the occurrence probability of infection of the patient is reduced.)

1. A tibial tray prosthesis set comprising at least two different models of tibial tray prostheses, each of said tibial tray prostheses being provided with a post for connection to a tibia and a keel, each of said tibial tray prostheses further being provided with a first reference plane and a second reference plane, said second reference plane intersecting said first reference plane, said posts of different models of said tibial tray prostheses coinciding and said keel coinciding when said first reference planes and said second reference planes of different models of said tibial tray prostheses are aligned.

2. The set of tibial tray prostheses of claim 1, wherein each of said tibial tray prostheses has a anteroposterior diameter and a left and right diameter, the left and right diameters of different models of said tibial tray prostheses increasing with increasing anteroposterior diameter of said tibial tray prostheses, the spacing of said post from said keel of different models of said tibial tray prostheses maintaining a first constant value, the spacing of said post from said first reference plane of different models of said tibial tray prostheses maintaining a second constant value, and the spacing of said post from said second reference plane of different models of said tibial tray prostheses maintaining a third constant value.

3. The set of tibial tray prostheses of claim 1, wherein each of said tibial tray prostheses defines at least two posts, and a spacing between adjacent two posts within different models of said tibial tray prostheses maintains a fourth constant value.

4. The set of tibial tray prostheses of claim 1, wherein each of said tibial tray prostheses has a first side and a second side disposed opposite each other, said first side being a straight side and said second side being a curved side, said first reference plane being coincident with said first side and said second reference plane being perpendicular to said first reference plane.

5. The tibial tray prosthesis set of claim 4, wherein said second reference plane coincides with a posterior tangent of said tibial tray prosthesis.

6. The set of tibial tray prostheses of claim 4, further comprising a trailing edge straight surface, said second reference surface coinciding with said trailing edge straight surface.

7. The tibial tray prosthesis set of claim 4, wherein the second reference plane coincides with a median coronal plane of the tibial tray prosthesis.

8. The set of tibial tray prostheses of claim 7, wherein a spacing of said post to a posterior tangent of said tibial tray prosthesis increases as an anterior-posterior diameter of said tibial tray prosthesis increases, and a variation of said spacing of said post of an adjacent size of said tibial tray prosthesis to said posterior tangent of said tibial tray prosthesis is half of a variation of said anterior-posterior diameter.

9. A series of tibial tray prostheses, comprising at least two sets of tibial tray prostheses according to any of claims 1 to 8, different sets of said tibial tray prostheses having left and right radii which increase with increasing anteroposterior diameter of said tibial tray prostheses, different sets of said tibial tray prostheses having a spacing between said post and said keel which increases with increasing anteroposterior diameter of said tibial tray prostheses and different sets of said tibial tray prostheses having a spacing between said post and said first datum plane which increases with increasing anteroposterior diameter of said tibial tray prostheses.

10. A tibial prosthesis comprising a series of tibial tray prostheses according to claim 9 and a tibial insert for cooperation with the tibial tray prostheses.

11. A knee joint system comprising a tibial prosthesis according to claim 10 and a femoral prosthesis.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a knee joint system, a tibial prosthesis, a tibial tray prosthesis series and a tibial tray prosthesis group.

Background

The unicondylar replacement adopts a minimally invasive incision, can keep anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments of knee joints of patients, and has the advantages of small wound, quick recovery, good physiological activity of the patients after operation and the like, so the unicondylar replacement is widely applied to the treatment of unicompartmental osteoarthritis. Unicondylar knee prostheses used in unicondylar replacement procedures include femoral condylar prostheses for replacing diseased bone tissue at the distal end of the femur, tibial tray prostheses for replacing diseased bone tissue at the proximal end of the tibia, and tibial inserts for replacing the menisci to achieve reduced frictional wear.

During a unicondylar surgical replacement procedure, after the tibial osteotomy procedure is completed, the surgeon may also make model adjustments to achieve optimal coverage of the tibia based on the coverage of the tibial tray prosthesis. However, when the traditional tibial tray prosthesis is changed in model, the upright post hole and the keel groove need to be drilled again, and because the upright post and the keel of the tibial tray prosthesis of the adjacent model are relatively close to each other, when the upright post hole and the keel groove are drilled again, the integrity of the new upright post hole and the keel groove can be damaged by the original existing upright post hole and keel groove, the fixing stability of the tibial tray prosthesis is influenced, and the probability of occurrence of looseness of the tibial tray prosthesis is increased.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, there is a need for a knee joint system, a tibial prosthesis, a tibial tray prosthesis series and a tibial tray prosthesis set to avoid re-drilling the tibia when replacing the model of the tibial tray prosthesis, thereby improving the fixation stability of the tibial tray prosthesis and reducing the probability of loosening of the tibial tray prosthesis.

A tibial tray prosthesis set comprising at least two different models of tibial tray prosthesis, each of the tibial tray prosthesis being provided with a post and a keel for connection to a tibia, each of the tibial tray prosthesis further being provided with a first datum plane and a second datum plane, the second datum plane intersecting the first datum plane, the posts of the tibial tray prostheses of the different models coinciding and the keels coinciding when the first datum planes of the tibial tray prostheses of the different models are aligned and the second datum planes are aligned.

According to the tibial tray prosthesis group, when the first datum planes of tibial tray prostheses of different models are aligned with each other and the second datum planes are aligned with each other, the fact that the stand columns and the keels of the tibial tray prostheses of different models can be overlapped is guaranteed, in other words, the fact that the positions of the stand columns and the keels of the tibial tray prostheses relative to the first datum planes and the second datum planes do not change along with the size change of the tibial tray prostheses is guaranteed, the stand column holes, the keel grooves and the like of a patient do not need to be reopened when the tibial tray prostheses of different models are replaced, the problem that the integrity of the new stand column holes and the keel grooves is damaged by the existing stand column holes and keel grooves originally is avoided, the fixing stability of the tibial tray prostheses is improved, and the probability of looseness of the tibial tray prostheses is reduced. Meanwhile, the operation efficiency is improved without re-opening the column hole and the keel groove, the operation time is shortened, and the occurrence probability of infection of the patient is reduced.

In one embodiment, each of the tibial tray prostheses has a anteroposterior diameter and a left and right diameter, the left and right diameters of different types of the tibial tray prostheses increasing as the anteroposterior diameter of the tibial tray prostheses increases, the spacing between the post and the keel of the tibial tray prostheses of the different types is maintained at a first constant value, the spacing between the post and the first reference plane of the tibial tray prostheses of the different types is maintained at a second constant value, and the spacing between the post and the second reference plane of the tibial tray prostheses of the different types is maintained at a third constant value.

In one embodiment, each tibial tray prosthesis is provided with at least two columns, and the spacing between two adjacent columns in different types of tibial tray prostheses keeps a fourth constant value.

In one embodiment, each tibial tray prosthesis has a first side surface and a second side surface which are opposite, the first side surface is a straight surface, the second side surface is a curved surface, the first reference surface is coincident with the first side surface, and the second reference surface is perpendicular to the first reference surface.

In one embodiment, the second reference plane coincides with a posterior tangent of the tibial tray prosthesis.

In one embodiment, the tibial tray prosthesis further comprises a trailing edge straight surface, and the second reference surface coincides with the trailing edge straight surface.

In one embodiment, the second reference plane coincides with a median coronal plane of the tibial tray prosthesis.

In one embodiment, the tibial tray prosthesis further comprises a posterior straight surface, the spacing of the post from a posterior tangent of the tibial tray prosthesis increases as the anterior-posterior diameter of the tibial tray prosthesis increases, and the variation of the spacing of the post from the posterior tangent of the tibial tray prosthesis for adjacent models of the tibial tray prosthesis is half the variation of the anterior-posterior diameter.

A family of tibial tray prostheses comprising at least two sets of tibial tray prostheses as described above, different sets of said tibial tray prostheses having left and right radii which increase with increasing anteroposterior diameter of said tibial tray prostheses, different sets of said tibial tray prostheses having a spacing between said spine and said keel which increases with increasing anteroposterior diameter of said tibial tray prostheses and different sets of said tibial tray prostheses having a spacing between said spine and said first datum plane which increases with increasing anteroposterior diameter of said tibial tray prostheses.

Above-mentioned shin bone holds in palm prosthesis series is through holding in the palm the prosthesis with a plurality of shin bones that model size span is great and divide into two at least shin bone and hold in the palm the prosthesis group, hold in the palm the prosthesis as a set of shin bone and hold in the palm the prosthesis group with the shin bone of the adjacent model in the certain limit, and when guaranteeing that the first reference surface of the shin bone in same group of shin bone and holding in the palm the prosthesis aligns each other and the second reference surface aligns each other, the stand and the fossil fragments homoenergetic coincidence of the shin bone of different models hold in the palm the prosthesis, thereby realize changing the shin bone of same group different models in the art and need not to cut the shin bone when holding in the palm the prosthesis and process again, improved the fixed stability of shin. Meanwhile, the operation efficiency is improved, the operation time is shortened, and the occurrence probability of infection of patients is reduced.

A tibial prosthesis comprising a series of tibial tray prostheses as described above and a tibial insert for cooperation with the tibial tray prostheses.

The tibia prosthesis adopts the tibia support prosthesis series, the tibia support prosthesis series divides a plurality of tibia support prostheses with large model size span into at least two tibia support prosthesis groups, adjacent model tibia support prostheses in a certain range are taken as a group of tibia support prosthesis groups, and it is ensured that when first datum planes of the tibia support prostheses in the same group of tibia support prosthesis groups are aligned with each other and second datum planes are aligned with each other, stand columns and keels of the tibia support prostheses of different models can be overlapped, so that tibial osteotomy surfaces do not need to be reprocessed when the tibia support prostheses of the same group and different models are replaced in an operation, the fixing stability of the tibia support prostheses is improved, and the probability of looseness of the tibia support prostheses is reduced. Meanwhile, the operation efficiency is improved, the operation time is shortened, and the occurrence probability of infection of patients is reduced.

A knee joint system comprising a tibial prosthesis and a femoral prosthesis as described above.

The knee joint system adopts the tibia support prosthesis series, the tibia support prosthesis series divides a plurality of tibia support prostheses with large model size span into at least two tibia support prosthesis groups, the tibia support prostheses with adjacent models in a certain range serve as a group of tibia support prosthesis groups, and it is guaranteed that stand columns and keels of the tibia support prostheses with different models can be overlapped when first datum planes of the tibia support prostheses in the same group of tibia support prosthesis groups are aligned with each other and second datum planes are aligned with each other, so that tibial osteotomy surfaces do not need to be retreated when the tibia support prostheses with different models in the same group are replaced in the operation, the fixing stability of the tibia support prostheses is improved, and the probability of looseness of the tibia support prostheses is reduced. Meanwhile, the operation efficiency is improved, the operation time is shortened, and the occurrence probability of infection of patients is reduced.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a comparative illustration of various types of tibial tray prostheses of an example set of tibial tray prostheses;

FIG. 2 is a rear view of a tibial tray prosthesis of a type of the set of tibial tray prostheses shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a top view of the tibial tray prosthesis shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a comparative illustration of various types of tibial tray prostheses of the tibial tray prosthesis set according to an embodiment;

FIG. 5 is an exemplary table of structural parameters for each type of tibial tray prosthesis in the series of tibial tray prostheses according to one embodiment;

FIG. 6 is an exemplary table of structural parameters for each type of tibial tray prosthesis in a series of conventional tibial tray prostheses;

FIG. 7 is a schematic table of the relative positional differences of the post and keel of a tibial tray prosthesis according to an embodiment of the invention and the post and keel of a conventional tibial tray prosthesis;

FIG. 8 is an exemplary table of structural parameters for each type of tibial tray prosthesis in a family of tibial tray prostheses according to another embodiment;

fig. 9 is a schematic representation of the difference in relative positions of the post and keel of a tibial tray prosthesis according to another embodiment of the invention and a conventional tibial tray prosthesis.

Description of reference numerals:

10. a distal end face; 11. a first upright post; 12. a second upright post; 13. a keel; 14. a first side surface; 15. a second side surface; 16. a trailing edge straight face; 21. a first reference plane; 22. a second reference plane; 30. a proximal end face; 31. and (4) a groove.

Detailed Description

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.

To better explain the technical solution of the present invention, first, the azimuth names possibly related in each embodiment are explained:

sagittal plane: the longitudinal section divides the human body or the prosthesis into a left part and a right part from the front and back directions, wherein, the sagittal plane passing through the middle of the human body or the prosthesis is the middle sagittal plane.

Coronal plane: it refers to a longitudinal section dividing the body or prosthesis into anterior and posterior parts from the left and right directions, the plane being perpendicular to the sagittal plane, wherein the coronal plane passing through the center of the body or prosthesis is the median coronal plane.

The cross section is as follows: also called horizontal plane, is a plane parallel to the horizontal plane that divides the body or prosthesis into upper and lower parts, which are perpendicular to the coronal and sagittal planes.

Inner side: relatively close to the midsagittal plane of the human body.

Outside: relatively far from the median sagittal plane of the human body.

Front side: on the sagittal plane, relatively near the side of the abdomen.

Rear side: on the sagittal plane, relatively near the side of the back.

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 illustrates a schematic comparison of various types of tibial tray prostheses in a set of tibial tray prostheses according to an embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, referring to fig. 1-2, the tibial tray prosthesis set of one embodiment of the present invention includes at least two tibial tray prostheses of different types, each of the tibial tray prostheses including a distal end surface 10, the distal end surface 10 of the tibial tray prosthesis configured to mate with a proximal tibial end surface 30 formed after osteotomy of a patient, the distal end surface 10 of the tibial tray prosthesis configured with a post and keel 13 for connection to a tibia, the post and keel 13 configured to assist in securing the tibial tray prosthesis. The tibial tray prosthesis further comprises a first side 14 and a second side 15 opposite to each other, wherein the first side 14 is a straight surface, the second side 15 is a curved surface, for the tibial tray prosthesis for replacing the medial compartment of the knee joint, the first side 14 is the lateral edge of the tibial tray prosthesis, and the second side 15 is the medial edge of the tibial tray prosthesis; conversely, for a tibial tray prosthesis used to replace the lateral compartment of the knee, first side 14 is the medial edge of the tibial tray prosthesis and second side 15 is the lateral edge of the tibial tray prosthesis. The maximum length of the tibial tray prosthesis in the direction of extension of the first side 14 is the anterior-posterior diameter a of the tibial tray prosthesis. That is, assuming that a straight line perpendicular to the extending direction of the first side surface 14 is tangent to the anterior end of the tibial tray prosthesis (referred to as an anterior tangent line), and a straight line perpendicular to the extending direction of the first side surface 14 is tangent to the posterior end of the tibial tray prosthesis (referred to as a posterior tangent line), the perpendicular distance between the anterior tangent line and the posterior tangent line is the anterior-posterior diameter a of the tibial tray prosthesis. Further, in a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the first side surface 14, the maximum width of the tibial tray prosthesis is the left-right diameter B of the tibial tray prosthesis. That is, the vertical distance from a point on second side 15 furthest from first side 14 to first side 14 is the left-right diameter B of the tibial tray prosthesis. Further, different types of tibial tray prostheses refer to two or more tibial tray prostheses with different anteroposterior diameters a and different left and right diameters B. The straight surface or the straight line is not a straight surface or a straight line in the mathematical sense, but a straight surface or a straight line meeting certain error requirements in the engineering sense. It will be further understood that the above description of the geometrical features of the first and second sides 14, 15 is based on their projection onto a horizontal plane (fig. 1), and the following description of the first and second reference planes 21, 22 is also applicable.

Further, as shown in fig. 1, each tibial tray prosthesis is further provided with a first reference surface 21 and a second reference surface 22, the second reference surface 22 intersecting the first reference surface 21, for example, the second reference surface 22 is arranged perpendicular to the first reference surface 21. When the first reference surfaces 21 and the second reference surfaces 22 of different types of tibial tray prostheses are aligned, the uprights of the different types of tibial tray prostheses coincide and the keels 13 coincide, in other words, the positions of the uprights and keels 13 of the tibial tray prostheses relative to the first reference surfaces 21 and the second reference surfaces 22 do not change within the same tibial tray prosthesis set, regardless of whether the anteroposterior diameter a and the lateral diameter B of the tibial tray prostheses increase or decrease.

Specifically, the positions of the upright column and the keel 13 of the traditional tibial tray prosthesis are changed along with the model change of the tibial tray prosthesis, which mainly considers the problem of the fixing stability of the tibial tray prosthesis, and theoretically, the larger the relative spacing between the upright column and the keel 13 is, the better the fixing stability is, so that the distance between the upright column and the keel 13 of the traditional tibial tray prosthesis is increased along with the increase of the model. However, through finite element analysis, the inventor of the inventor surprisingly found that, for tibial tray prostheses of the same specification, when the distance between the upright post and the keel 13 is changed within a certain range, there is no significant difference in the fixing stability of the tibial tray, and therefore, the above tibial tray prosthesis set ensures that the upright post and the keel 13 of tibial tray prostheses of different models can be overlapped when the first reference surfaces 21 and the second reference surfaces 22 of the tibial tray prostheses of different models are aligned with each other, that is, the positions of the upright post and the keel 13 of the tibial tray prostheses relative to the first reference surface 21 and the second reference surface 22 are not changed along with the size change of the tibial tray prosthesis, so that the tibial tray prosthesis of different models does not need to be replaced by re-opening the post hole, the keel groove and the like on the tibial osteotomy surface of the patient, and the problem that the existing post hole and keel groove destroy the integrity of a new post hole and keel groove is avoided, the fixing stability of the tibial tray prosthesis is improved, and the probability of occurrence of loosening of the tibial tray prosthesis is reduced. Meanwhile, the operation efficiency is improved without re-opening the column hole and the keel groove, the operation time is shortened, and the occurrence probability of infection of the patient is reduced.

Further, referring to fig. 1, in the same tibial tray prosthesis group, the left and right diameters B of different types of tibial tray prostheses increase as the anteroposterior diameter a of the tibial tray prosthesis increases, the distance D1 between the upright posts of the different types of tibial tray prostheses and the keel 13 maintains a first constant value, the distance G1 between the upright posts of the different types of tibial tray prostheses and the first reference plane 21 maintains a second constant value, and the distance between the upright posts of the different types of tibial tray prostheses and the second reference plane 22 maintains a third constant value. Wherein the distance D1 between the stud and the keel 13 refers to the distance from the center of the stud to the geometric center of the keel 13 when viewed in the horizontal plane. And the distance between the upright post and the first reference surface 21 refers to the vertical distance between the center of the upright post and the first reference surface 21, and similarly, the distance between the upright post and the second reference surface 22 refers to the vertical distance between the center of the upright post and the second reference surface 22, and the distances D1 between the upright post and the keel 13, G1 between the upright post and the first reference surface 21 and the distance between the upright post and the second reference surface 22 of tibial tray prostheses of different models are all kept constant, so that the upright post and the keel 13 of the tibial tray prostheses of different models are all coincided when the first reference surfaces 21 of the tibial tray prostheses of different models are aligned and the second reference surfaces 22 are aligned.

Further, referring to fig. 1, each tibial tray prosthesis is provided with at least two uprights, and the spacing between two adjacent uprights on different types of tibial tray prostheses maintains a fourth constant value. For example, as shown in fig. 1, the tibial tray prosthesis is provided with a first upright post 11 and a second upright post 12, and the distance C1 between the first upright post 11 and the second upright post of the tibial tray prosthesis in the same tibial tray prosthesis group does not change with the change of the anteroposterior diameter a and the lateral diameter B of the tibial tray prosthesis. The distance C1 between first stand 11 and second stand 12 keeps the definite value, and the distance G1 of first stand 11 to first reference plane 21 keeps the definite value, and the distance E1, F1 of first stand 11 and second stand 12 to second reference plane 22 all keep the definite value to guarantee that the relative position of each stand is fixed, and then avoid when the shin board prosthesis of different models carries out the reopening of post hole to patient's shin bone osteotomy face. It should be noted that the columns on the tibial tray prosthesis are not limited to two in the above embodiments, but may be three, four or more, so as to improve the stability of the tibial tray prosthesis.

In particular, referring to fig. 1, first reference plane 21 coincides with first lateral surface 14, i.e. the tibial tray prosthesis uses first lateral surface 14 as first reference plane 21, and since first lateral surface 14 is a straight surface, using first lateral surface 14 as first reference plane 21 facilitates the parametric design of the tibial tray prosthesis set. And when different types of tibial tray prostheses are replaced in the operation, the first side surface 14 can be used as an installation reference, so that the operation is more convenient.

Further, the tibial tray prosthesis also includes a trailing straight surface 16 perpendicular to the first side surface 14, it being understood that the trailing straight surface 16 coincides with the posterior tangent of the tibial tray prosthesis. In one embodiment, the rear edge straight surface 16 of the tibial tray prosthesis is used as the second reference surface 22, and the rear edge straight surface 16 is used as the second reference surface 22, so that when the tibial tray prosthesis of the adjacent model is replaced, the coverage of the tibial tray prosthesis on the posterior side cortex of the tibia can be ensured no matter how the tibial tray prosthesis is replaced, the posterior side area of the tibia is a main bearing area in the process of knee joint movement, and the coverage of the posterior side cortical bone of the tibia is ensured to effectively improve the fixing stability of the tibial tray prosthesis. Further, the rear straight surface 16 is used as the second reference surface 22, and the distance from the pillar to the rear straight surface 16 can be kept constant, for example, the distance E1 from the first pillar 11 to the rear straight surface 16 is a fifth constant value, and the distance F1 from the second pillar 12 to the rear straight surface 16 is a sixth constant value as shown in fig. 1. In other embodiments, the tibial tray prosthesis may not include the straight posterior surface 16, i.e., the posterior end of the tibial tray prosthesis is all curved, and the second reference surface 22 coincides with a tangent line of the posterior end of the tibial tray prosthesis, i.e., the second reference surface 22 is a straight line perpendicular to the extension direction of the first lateral surface 14 and tangent to the posterior end of the tibial tray prosthesis.

Further, referring to fig. 4, in another embodiment, the tibial tray prosthesis may have the median coronal plane of the tibial tray prosthesis as the second reference plane 22, i.e., the second reference plane 22 coincides with the median coronal plane of the tibial tray prosthesis, wherein the median coronal plane of the tibial tray prosthesis is a coronal plane passing through the anterior-posterior centerline of the tibial tray prosthesis, i.e., the median coronal plane has equal vertical distances to the anterior tangent of the tibial tray prosthesis and to the posterior tangent of the tibial tray prosthesis. Further, when the median coronal plane of the tibial tray prosthesis is taken as the second reference plane 22, the spacing between the post and the second reference plane 22 remains constant, but the spacing between the post and the posterior edge straight plane 16 or the posterior end tangent line increases as the anteroposterior diameter of the tibial tray prosthesis increases, and the variation in the spacing between the post and the posterior edge straight plane 16 of the tibial tray prosthesis of the adjacent model is half the variation in the anteroposterior diameter a. It should be noted that the selection of the first reference surface 21 and the second reference surface 22 is related to the prosthesis installation method, and is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and may be selected autonomously according to the circumstances. For example, the first reference plane 21 may also coincide with the midsagittal plane of the prosthesis, etc.

Further, an embodiment of the present application further provides a series of tibial tray prostheses, and specifically, the series of tibial tray prostheses includes at least two sets of tibial tray prosthesis sets according to any one of the above embodiments, the left and right diameters B of the tibial tray prostheses of different sets increase as the anteroposterior diameter a of the tibial tray prosthesis increases, the distance between the upright posts of the tibial tray prosthesis of different sets and the keel 13 increases as the anteroposterior diameter a of the tibial tray prosthesis increases, and the distance between the upright posts of the tibial tray prosthesis of different sets and the first reference plane 21 increases as the anteroposterior diameter a of the tibial tray prosthesis increases. The spacing between the post of the tibial tray prosthesis of the different sets and the second reference plane 22 increases as the antero-posterior diameter a of the tibial tray prosthesis increases.

Specifically, referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a table showing exemplary structural parameters of each type of tibial tray prosthesis in a series of tibial tray prostheses according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which each tibial tray prosthesis has a first lateral surface 14 as a first reference surface 21 and a trailing edge straight surface 16 as a second reference surface 22. And each tibial tray prosthesis is provided with two upright columns, namely a first upright column 11 and a second upright column 12. The structural parameters of the tibial tray prosthesis include an anterior-posterior diameter A, a left-right diameter B, a spacing C1 between the first post 11 and the second post 12, a spacing D1 between the second post 12 and the keel 13, a distance E1 between the first post 11 and the trailing edge straight surface 16 (i.e., the second reference surface 22), a distance F1 between the second post 12 and the trailing edge straight surface 16 (i.e., the second reference surface 22), and a distance G1 between the first post 11 and the first lateral surface 14 (i.e., the first reference surface 21).

Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, the series of tibial tray prostheses includes four sets of tibial tray prostheses, each set including three adjacent types of tibial tray prostheses, and in the same set, the left and right diameters B of the different types of tibial tray prostheses increase as the anteroposterior diameter a of the tibial tray prostheses increases, but the distance C1 between the first upright post 11 and the second upright post 12, the distance D1 between the second upright post 12 and the keel 13, the distance E1 between the first upright post 11 and the posterior straight surface 16, the distance F1 between the second upright post 12 and the posterior straight surface 16, and the distance G1 between the first upright post 11 and the first lateral surface 14 of the tibial tray prostheses remain unchanged, so that when the first reference surfaces 21 and the second reference surfaces 22 of the different types of tibial tray prostheses in the same set are aligned, the first upright post 11, the second upright post 12, and the keel 13 of the tibial tray prostheses are completely overlapped, thereby realizing the exchange of the tibial tray prosthesis of the same group in the operation without reprocessing the tibial osteotomy surface.

Further, with continued reference to fig. 5, the left-right diameter B of the tibial tray prosthesis of different groups increases with the increase of the anterior-posterior diameter a of the tibial tray prosthesis, and the distance C1 between the first upright post 11 and the second upright post 12, the distance D1 between the second upright post 12 and the keel 13, the distance E1 between the first upright post 11 and the posterior straight surface 16, the distance F1 between the second upright post 12 and the posterior straight surface 16, and the distance G1 between the first upright post 11 and the first lateral surface 14 of the tibial tray prosthesis all increase with the increase of the anterior-posterior diameter a of the tibial tray prosthesis, for example, in one embodiment, the distances C1 between the first upright post 11 and the second upright post 12 of the tibial tray prosthesis of each group of groups 1 to 4 are 11.9mm, 14.1mm, 16.0mm, and 17.8mm, respectively, and the other parameters are the same and the same as the above description is omitted.

When a series of tibial tray prostheses includes a greater number of tibial tray prostheses and the tibial tray prostheses have a greater dimensional span, if all of the tibial tray prostheses employ the same spacing C1 between the first upright post 11 and the second upright post 12, spacing D1 between the second upright post 12 and the keel 13, distance E1 between the first upright post 11 and the trailing straight surface 16, distance F1 between the second upright post 12 and the trailing straight surface 16, and distance G1 between the first upright post 11 and the first lateral surface 14, the stability of the smallest tibial tray prosthesis or the largest tibial tray prosthesis may not be guaranteed. In addition, when a doctor replaces the model of the tibial tray prosthesis, usually only the tibial tray prostheses of adjacent models are replaced, therefore, the series of tibial tray prostheses of the invention divides a plurality of tibial tray prostheses with larger model size span into at least two tibial tray prosthesis groups, uses the tibial tray prostheses of adjacent models in a certain range as one tibial tray prosthesis group, and in the same tibial tray prosthesis group, keeps the distance C1 between the first upright post 11 and the second upright post 12, the distance D1 between the second upright post 12 and the keel 13, the distance E1 between the first upright post 11 and the trailing edge straight surface 16, the distance F1 between the second upright post 12 and the trailing edge straight surface 16 and the distance G1 between the first upright post 11 and the first side surface 14 of the tibial tray prosthesis of different models unchanged, thereby realizing that the tibial tray prostheses of the same group can be interchanged in operation without reprocessing of the tibial cutting surfaces, realizing that the tibial tray prostheses of different models of the same group have interchangeability, but also ensures the respective stability of the tibial tray prosthesis with larger size span in different groups.

Further, in order to verify that the stability of each type of tibial tray prosthesis of the tibial tray prosthesis series of the present invention is not significantly different from that of the conventional tibial tray prosthesis, i have performed related finite element analysis, specifically, referring to fig. 6 and 7, fig. 6 is a table illustrating structural parameters of each type of tibial tray prosthesis of the conventional tibial tray prosthesis series, fig. 7 is a table illustrating relative positions of the vertical column and the keel 13 of the conventional tibial tray prosthesis and the tibial tray prosthesis according to an embodiment of the present invention, and it can be seen from the table that the relative position difference of the type 1 is the largest, so that finite element analysis is performed on the stability of each type of tibial tray prosthesis of the conventional type 1 and the tibial tray prosthesis of the type 1 according to the present embodiment.

Specifically, the stability analysis includes shear stability analysis and rotational stability analysis. The shear stability analysis method is to simulate the fixation of the tibial tray prosthesis to cancellous bone by bone cement, apply 1000N shear force in the front-back direction to the geometric center of the tibial tray prosthesis, and calculate the horizontal displacement of the tibial tray prosthesis. The rotational stability analysis method is to simulate the fixation of the tibial tray prosthesis to cancellous bone by bone cement, apply a torque of 5Nm in the inner and outer directions to the geometric center of the tibial tray prosthesis, and calculate the rotational displacement of the tibial tray prosthesis. After finite element analysis, the analysis results are as follows: under the action of a horizontal shear force of 1000N, the maximum translational displacement of the traditional type-1 tibial tray prosthesis is 79.98 microns, and under the action of 5Nm of rotational torsion, the maximum rotational displacement of the traditional type-1 tibial tray prosthesis is 17.07 microns. Under the same horizontal shearing force and rotation torque, the maximum translational displacement and the maximum rotational displacement of the tibial tray prosthesis of the type 1 are respectively 78.28 micrometers and 17.27 micrometers, and analysis results show that the stability of the tibial tray prosthesis of two different design schemes is not obviously different.

Further, referring to fig. 8, fig. 8 is a table illustrating exemplary configuration parameters of each tibial tray prosthesis in a series of tibial tray prostheses according to another embodiment of the present invention, wherein each tibial tray prosthesis has a first lateral surface 14 as a first reference plane 21 and a median coronal plane of the tibial tray prosthesis as a second reference plane 22. And each tibial tray prosthesis is provided with two upright columns, namely a first upright column 11 and a second upright column 12. The structural parameters of the tibial tray prosthesis include an anteroposterior diameter A, a left-right diameter B, a spacing C2 between the first post 11 and the second post 12, a spacing D2 between the second post 12 and the keel 13, a distance E2 from the first post 11 to the trailing edge straight surface 16, a distance F2 between the second post 12 and the trailing edge straight surface 16, and a distance G2 between the first post 11 and the first lateral surface 14 (i.e., the first reference surface 21).

Specifically, as shown in fig. 8, the series of tibial tray prostheses includes four sets of tibial tray prostheses, each set including three adjacent types of tibial tray prostheses, left and right diameters B of the tibial tray prostheses of different types increase as anteroposterior diameter a of the tibial tray prostheses increases within the same set, a distance E2 from the first upright post 11 to the posterior straight surface 16 and a distance F2 from the second upright post 12 to the posterior straight surface 16 increase as anteroposterior diameter a of the tibial tray prostheses increases, and the variation of E2 and F2 is half of the variation of the anteroposterior diameter a. However, the spacing C2 between first upright 11 and second upright 12, the spacing D2 between second upright 12 and keel 13, and the distance G2 between first upright 11 and first lateral surface 14 of tibial tray prostheses of different sizes remain unchanged, so that when the first reference surfaces 21 and the second reference surfaces 22 of tibial tray prostheses of different sizes in the same set of tibial tray prostheses are aligned, the first upright 11, the second upright 12 and keel 13 of the tibial tray prostheses can all be completely overlapped, thereby realizing the exchange of the tibial tray prostheses of the same set in the operation without reprocessing the tibial resection surfaces.

Further, with continued reference to fig. 8, the left and right diameters B of the tibial tray prostheses of different groups increase as the anterior-posterior diameter a of the tibial tray prostheses increases, and the distances C2 between the first upright post 11 and the second upright post 12, D2 between the second upright post 12 and the keel 13, E2 between the first upright post 11 and the posterior straight surface 16, F2 between the second upright post 12 and the posterior straight surface 16, and G2 between the first upright post 11 and the first lateral surface 14 of the tibial tray prostheses all increase as the anterior-posterior diameter a of the tibial tray prostheses increases, for example, as shown in the table, the distances C2 between the first upright post 11 and the second upright post 12 of the tibial tray prostheses of each of groups 1 to 4 are 11.9mm, 14.1mm, 16.0mm, and 17.8mm, respectively, and other parameters are the same and the same as the above description is omitted.

Stability analyses were also performed on each type of tibial tray prosthesis in the series of tibial tray prostheses of this example. Specifically, referring to fig. 9, fig. 9 is a differential schematic representation of the relative positions of the spine and keel 13 of a conventional tibial tray prosthesis and a tibial tray prosthesis according to another embodiment of the invention. As can be seen from the table, the difference in the relative positions of the post and keel 13 of the model 1 tibial tray prosthesis is the greatest and is less than the difference in the relative positions of the post and keel 13 of the model 1 tibial tray prosthesis in fig. 7, from which it is reasonable to conclude that such a difference in relative positions does not affect the stability of the tibial tray prosthesis.

The series of tibial tray prostheses divides a plurality of tibial tray prostheses with large size span into at least two tibial tray prosthesis groups, and uses the tibial tray prostheses with adjacent models in a certain range as a group of tibial tray prosthesis groups, and when the first reference surfaces 21 of the tibial tray prostheses in the same group of tibial tray prosthesis groups are aligned with each other and the second reference surfaces 22 are aligned with each other, the upright posts and the keels 13 of the tibial tray prostheses with different models can be overlapped, so that the tibial tray prostheses with different models in the same group are replaced in the operation without reprocessing of the tibial osteotomy surfaces, thereby realizing interchangeability of the tibial tray prostheses with different models in the same group and ensuring respective stability of the tibial tray prostheses with large size span in different groups.

The number of sets of tibial tray prosthesis groups included in the tibial tray prosthesis series is not limited to the above four sets, and the number of sets of tibial tray prosthesis groups may be increased or decreased according to actual needs. And the number of tibial tray prostheses included in each set of tibial tray prostheses is not limited to three. For example, in another embodiment, the series of tibial tray prostheses may include 12 sets of tibial tray prostheses, each set including three large, medium and small models of tibial tray prostheses, wherein the structural parameters of the model tibial tray prostheses in the 12 sets of tibial tray prostheses are designed with reference to the structural parameters of the conventional tibial tray prostheses # 1-12 in fig. 6, respectively. The structural parameters of the large-size and small-size tibial tray prostheses of each group are increased or decreased except the anteroposterior diameter A and the left-right diameter B, and the distances D between the upright columns of the rest of tibial tray prostheses and the keel 13, E between the upright columns and the first reference surface 21 and 22 between the upright columns and the second reference surface are kept unchanged, so that the corresponding large-size or small-size tibial tray prostheses can be exchanged with the traditional 12 types of tibial tray prostheses without reprocessing of the osteotomy surfaces of the tibia.

Further, an embodiment of the present application also provides a tibial prosthesis, which includes the series of tibial tray prostheses of any of the above embodiments, and a tibial insert for mating with the tibial tray prosthesis. Further, referring to fig. 3, each tibial tray prosthesis has a proximal face 30 opposite the distal face 10, the proximal face 30 being provided with a mating portion for mating with a tibial insert, the mating portion having different characteristics depending on the type of unicondylar prosthesis, e.g., for a mobile platform unicondylar prosthesis, the mating portion of the tibial tray prosthesis is a smooth flat surface, there is no mechanical connection between the tibial tray prosthesis and the tibial insert, so that the tibial insert is free to move on the proximal face 30 of the tibial tray prosthesis. For the fixed platform unicondylar prosthesis, the matching part of the tibial tray prosthesis is a groove 31, the edge of the groove 31 is provided with a flange, and the flange of the groove 31 is locked with the tibial gasket in a snap connection mode, so that the locking stability of the tibial gasket 2 and the tibial tray prosthesis is ensured. It should be noted that the recess 31 may take any shape, such as trapezoidal, rectangular, or other types of irregular shapes, so long as the snap-fit connection with the tibial insert is ensured.

The tibia prosthesis adopts the tibia support prosthesis series, the tibia support prosthesis series divides a plurality of tibia support prostheses with large model size span into at least two tibia support prosthesis groups, adjacent model tibia support prostheses in a certain range are used as a group of tibia support prosthesis groups, and when the first datum planes 21 of the tibia support prostheses in the same group of tibia support prosthesis groups are aligned with each other and the second datum planes 22 are aligned with each other, the upright columns and the keels 13 of the tibia support prostheses of different models can be overlapped, so that the tibia osteotomy surfaces do not need to be processed again when the tibia support prostheses of the same group and different models are replaced in an operation, the fixing stability of the tibia support prosthesis is improved, and the probability of looseness of the tibia support prosthesis is reduced. Meanwhile, the operation efficiency is improved, the operation time is shortened, and the occurrence probability of infection of patients is reduced.

Further, an embodiment of the present application also provides a knee joint system, and in particular, the knee joint system includes the tibial prosthesis and the femoral prosthesis of any of the above embodiments. The tibia prosthesis comprises a tibia support prosthesis and a tibia liner, the femur prosthesis is used for replacing distal femur pathological change bone tissues, the tibia support prosthesis is used for replacing proximal tibia pathological change bone tissues, and the tibia liner is used for replacing a meniscus so as to achieve the purpose of reducing friction and wear.

The knee joint system adopts the tibia support prosthesis series, the tibia support prosthesis series divides a plurality of tibia support prostheses with large model size span into at least two tibia support prosthesis groups, adjacent model tibia support prostheses in a certain range are taken as a group of tibia support prosthesis groups, and when the first datum plane 21 of the tibia support prostheses in the same group of tibia support prosthesis groups are aligned with each other and the second datum plane 22 is aligned with each other, the upright columns and the keels 13 of the tibia support prostheses of different models can be overlapped, so that the tibia osteotomy surfaces do not need to be processed again when the tibia support prostheses of the same group and different models are replaced in an operation, the fixing stability of the tibia support prostheses is improved, and the probability of looseness of the tibia support prostheses is reduced. Meanwhile, the operation efficiency is improved, the operation time is shortened, and the occurrence probability of infection of patients is reduced.

The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting of the invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not denote a unique embodiment.