阅读说明：本技术 一种公铁两用车 (Dual-purpose vehicle for road and railway ) 是由 李琦 黄银华 魏璟琪 李春明 康曼娜 王雷 高峰 牟思 赵刚 于占霞 刘敏 王 于 2020-07-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种公铁两用车,包括车体及设于车体下端的驱动机构和导向机构,驱动机构包括驱动桥、驱动轮、驱动电机及电源,驱动桥包括两个驱动桥,驱动轮为四个且分别设于两个驱动桥的两端,驱动电机与电源电性连接、且包括两个,两个驱动电机分别通过一减速箱与两个驱动桥连接,导向机构包括导轮轴、导轮轴连接杆、导轮及导向油缸,导轮轴为两个轴,且分别通过至少两个导轮轴连接杆与两个驱动桥铰接,两个导轮轴分别通过至少一个导向油缸与车体下端连接,导轮为四个且分别设于第两个导轮轴两端。本发明公路、铁路作业切换灵活,结构简单,成本低,采用电动模式,噪音小,更节能环保,通过设置双桥转向,能够减小转弯半径,使其机动性更好。(The invention provides a road-rail dual-purpose vehicle which comprises a vehicle body, and a driving mechanism and a guide mechanism which are arranged at the lower end of the vehicle body, wherein the driving mechanism comprises two driving axles, four driving wheels, two driving motors and a power supply, the driving axles comprise two driving axles, the four driving wheels are respectively arranged at two ends of the two driving axles, the two driving motors are electrically connected with the power supply and comprise two driving axles, the two driving motors are respectively connected with the two driving axles through a reduction gearbox, the guide mechanism comprises guide wheel shafts, guide wheel shaft connecting rods, guide wheels and guide oil cylinders, the guide wheel shafts are two shafts and are respectively hinged with the two driving axles through at least two guide wheel shaft connecting rods, the two guide wheel shafts are respectively connected with the lower end of the vehicle body through at least one guide oil cylinder, and the four guide. The invention has the advantages of flexible switching of highway and railway operation, simple structure, low cost, adoption of an electric mode, low noise, more energy saving and environmental protection, and reduction of turning radius and better maneuverability by arranging double-axle steering.)

1. The utility model provides a combined car which characterized in that: the device comprises a vehicle body, a driving mechanism and a guide mechanism, wherein the driving mechanism is arranged at the lower end of the vehicle body and comprises a driving axle, four driving wheels, a driving motor and a power supply, the driving axle comprises a first driving axle arranged at the front end of the vehicle body and a second driving axle arranged at the rear end of the vehicle body, the four driving wheels are respectively arranged at two ends of the first driving axle and the second driving axle, the driving motors are electrically connected with the power supply and comprise a first driving motor and a second driving motor, the first driving motor is connected with the first driving axle through a first reduction gearbox, the second driving motor is connected with the second driving axle through a second reduction gearbox, the guide mechanism comprises a guide wheel shaft, a guide wheel shaft connecting rod, a guide wheel and a guide oil cylinder, the guide wheel shaft comprises a first guide wheel shaft arranged at the front end of the vehicle body and a second guide wheel shaft arranged at the rear end of the vehicle body, the first guide wheel shaft is hinged with the first drive axle through at least two guide wheel shaft connecting rods, the second guide wheel shaft is hinged with the second drive axle through at least two guide wheel shaft connecting rods, the first guide wheel shaft and the second guide wheel shaft are respectively connected with the lower end of the vehicle body through at least one guide oil cylinder, and the number of the guide wheels is four and is respectively arranged at two ends of the first guide wheel shaft and the second guide wheel shaft.

2. An convertible vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the first drive axle and the second drive axle are both steering drive axles.

3. An convertible vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the first guide wheel shaft is arranged at the front end of the first drive axle, and the second guide wheel shaft is arranged at the rear end of the second drive axle.

4. An convertible vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the front end and the rear end of the car body are respectively provided with a car coupler lifting device, the car coupler lifting device is fixed on a lead screw on the car body and a sliding block matched with the lead screw, and the sliding block is provided with a connecting ring.

5. An convertible vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the guide oil cylinders are all hydraulic oil cylinders and are all provided with oil pressure sensors.

6. An convertible vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the power supply is a storage battery pack and is provided with a power supply under-voltage indicator.

7. An convertible vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the combined car also comprises a hydraulic steering system and a hydraulic braking system.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of tractors, in particular to a road-rail dual-purpose vehicle.

Background

The road-rail dual-purpose vehicle is a special tractor capable of running on a road and running on a track, and is mainly used for track traction, shunting operation and track cargo transfer. The tractor has low running speed and large traction force, is mainly used for shunting operation and traction operation of subway vehicle sections, motor train sections, railway station sections, metallurgical industry, power plants, chemical industry, ports, local railways and military warehouses, and is particularly suitable for operation in warehouses.

The existing road-rail dual-purpose vehicle mostly uses a diesel engine as power, and has the problems of noise generation, nitrogen oxide emission, oxide and sulfide emission and influence on the environment when in use; and the conventional combined vehicle adopts a traditional single drive axle, has large turning radius, causes inflexibility in switching of highway and railway operation, and has complicated switching mechanism, high cost and inconvenient maintenance.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a dual-purpose vehicle for road and railway, which has a simpler structure.

The invention provides a road-rail dual-purpose vehicle, which comprises a vehicle body, a driving mechanism and a guide mechanism, wherein the driving mechanism and the guide mechanism are arranged at the lower end of the vehicle body, the driving mechanism comprises a driving axle, driving wheels, driving motors and a power supply, the driving axle comprises a first driving axle arranged at the front end of the vehicle body and a second driving axle arranged at the rear end of the vehicle body, the four driving wheels are respectively arranged at two ends of the first driving axle and the second driving axle, the driving motors are electrically connected with the power supply and comprise a first driving motor and a second driving motor, the first driving motor is connected with the first driving axle through a first reduction box, the second driving motor is connected with the second driving axle through a second reduction box, the guide mechanism comprises a guide wheel shaft, a guide wheel shaft connecting rod, a guide wheel and a guide oil cylinder, the guide wheel shaft comprises a first guide wheel shaft arranged at the front end of the vehicle body and a second guide wheel shaft arranged at the rear end of the vehicle body, the first guide wheel shaft is hinged with the first drive axle through at least two guide wheel shaft connecting rods, the second guide wheel shaft is hinged with the second drive axle through at least two guide wheel shaft connecting rods, the first guide wheel shaft and the second guide wheel shaft are respectively connected with the lower end of the vehicle body through at least one guide oil cylinder, and the number of the guide wheels is four and is respectively arranged at two ends of the first guide wheel shaft and the second guide wheel shaft.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the first drive axle and the second drive axle are both steering drive axles.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the first idler shaft is disposed at a front end of the first drive axle, and the second idler shaft is disposed at a rear end of the second drive axle.

As a further improvement of the invention, the front end and the rear end of the car body are respectively provided with a coupler lifting device, the coupler lifting device is fixed on a screw rod on the car body and a slide block matched with the screw rod, and the slide block is provided with a connecting ring.

As a further improvement of the invention, the guide oil cylinders are all hydraulic oil cylinders and are all provided with oil pressure sensors.

As a further improvement of the invention, the power supply is a storage battery pack, and the power supply is provided with an undervoltage indicator.

As a further improvement of the invention, the convertible vehicle for roads and railways further comprises a hydraulic steering system and a hydraulic braking system.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the highway and railway operation switching of the highway and railway dual-purpose vehicle is flexible, simple in structure, low in cost, convenient to maintain, low in noise, more energy-saving and environment-friendly due to the adoption of an electric mode, and the turning radius can be reduced due to the arrangement of double-axle steering, so that the maneuverability of the highway and railway dual-purpose vehicle is better.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a convertible vehicle for road and railway of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a side partial cross-sectional view of a convertible vehicle for road and railway in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a top cross-sectional view of a convertible vehicle for road and railway in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional side view of a convertible vehicle for road and railway in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a braking system of a convertible vehicle for road and railway;

fig. 6 is a structural block diagram of a steering system and a guide wheel lifting system of a combined car.

Reference numerals: 11-a vehicle body; 211-a first drive axle; 212-a second drive axle; 22-a drive wheel; 311-a first idler shaft; 312-a second idler shaft; 32-guide axle connecting rod; 33-a guide wheel; 34-a guide oil cylinder; 41-a coupler lifting device; 51-a first drive motor; 52-a second drive motor; 61-a first reduction gearbox; 62-a second reduction gearbox.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the invention discloses a convertible car for public and railway, which comprises a car body 11, and a driving mechanism and a guiding mechanism which are arranged at the lower end of the car body 11, wherein the driving mechanism comprises a driving axle, driving wheels 22, driving motors and a power supply, the driving axle comprises a first driving axle 211 arranged at the front end of the car body 11 and a second driving axle 212 arranged at the rear end of the car body 11, the number of the driving wheels 22 is four, the driving wheels are respectively arranged at two ends of the first driving axle 211 and the second driving axle 212, the driving motors are electrically connected with the power supply and comprise a first driving motor 51 and a second driving motor 52, the first driving motor 51 is connected with the first driving axle 211 through a first reduction gearbox 61, the second driving motor 52 is connected with the second driving axle 212 through a second reduction gearbox 62, the driving of the driving wheels 22 is carried out through the driving motors, the structure is simple, energy-saving and environment-friendly, and the cost is lower; the guide mechanism comprises guide wheel shafts, guide wheel shaft connecting rods 32, guide wheels 33 and guide oil cylinders 34, the guide wheel shafts comprise first guide wheel shafts 311 arranged at the front end of the car body 11 and second guide wheel shafts 312 arranged at the rear end of the car body 11, the first guide wheel shafts 311 are hinged with the first drive axle 211 through at least two guide wheel shaft connecting rods 32, the second guide wheel shafts 312 are hinged with the second drive axle 212 through at least two guide wheel shaft connecting rods 32, the first guide wheel shafts 311 and the second guide wheel shafts 312 are respectively connected with the lower end of the car body 11 through at least one guide oil cylinder 34, the four guide wheels 33 are respectively arranged at two ends of the first guide wheel shafts 311 and the second guide wheel shafts 312, when the highway and railway car runs on a highway, the guide wheel dual-purpose oil cylinders can contract to drive the guide wheel shafts and the guide wheels 33 to rise upwards, so that the four guide wheels 33 are separated from the ground, the four drive wheels 22 can now travel on the road; when the convertible car for public and railway needs to travel on a railway, the guide wheel oil cylinder can extend to drive the guide wheel shaft and the guide wheel 33 to descend downwards, so that the four guide wheels 33 of the convertible car for public and railway can descend on a rail, the guide effect of the guide wheels 33 on the rail is realized, the convertible car for public and railway can move along the rail, the driving wheels 22 are used for driving at the moment, the traveling of the convertible car for public and railway is realized, the traveling switching of the highway and the railway of the convertible car for public and railway is simple, the control is convenient, and the cost is low.

In this technical scheme, first transaxle 211 reaches second transaxle 212 is the steering drive axle, can realize double-axle steering like this, can reduce turning radius, can be at the track about shorter level crossing for it is more nimble when highway, railway operation switch, be convenient for accomplish various operation tasks in narrow space, increased the combined highway and railway vehicle operation scope, mobility is better.

In this technical scheme, first leading wheel axle 311 is located first transaxle 211 front end, second leading wheel axle 312 is located second transaxle 212 rear end, and the spacing effect of direction is better like this, can guarantee this combined highway and railway convertible car's even running, and arranges first leading wheel axle 311 and second leading wheel axle 312 more easily, and the structure is more reasonable.

In this technical scheme, the front end and the rear end of automobile body 11 are equipped with a coupler elevating gear 41 respectively, coupler elevating gear 41 fix the lead screw on automobile body 11 and with the slider of lead screw adaptation, the slider is equipped with the go-between, can select to push away or draw the vehicle of treating traction like this as required, and its go-between can be connected with the coupler connector of treating traction vehicle, and this go-between can carry out altitude mixture control through rotatory lead screw to adapt to the not vehicle of traction of co-altitude, the commonality is better, the lead screw can carry out rotation regulation through the spanner.

In this technical scheme, direction hydro-cylinder 34 is hydraulic cylinder, and all is equipped with oil pressure sensor, and its hydraulic cylinder is small, saves space, and the noise is low, simple to operate, safe and reliable, and it sets up oil pressure sensor, can real-time detection direction hydro-cylinder 34's pressure to guarantee that the leading wheel fully laminates with the rail all the time, in case detect pressure not enough, can automatic supplementary pressure, if can not arrive in place in the allotted time of replenishment, then can automatic parking, prevent that the vehicle from derailing.

In this technical scheme, the power is storage battery, the power is equipped with the power under-voltage indicator, can report to the police through setting up the alarm when power residual capacity is less than 30% like this, can remind the driver to need to charge, still can realize the vehicle low-speed operation to the position of charging under the under-voltage state through setting up low-power switch to guarantee the security.

In this technical scheme, this combined car still includes hydraulic steering system and hydraulic braking system, hydraulic steering system includes oil pump, valves, turns to hydraulic cylinder, sensor etc. realizes whole car single axle steering mode and double axle synchronous steering mode, and it belongs to prior art, and its theory of operation that turns to is: when the highway and railway dual-purpose vehicle needs to run in single-axle steering mode on a highway, a steering mode button on a cab console needs to be switched to a single-axle steering mode for not detecting the position of a distance sensor on a front axle steering oil cylinder, which stretches along with the oil cylinder, when a steering wheel is rotated manually, oil pressure oil output by a gear pump enters a hydraulic oil cylinder through a single-way stable flow dividing valve, an electromagnetic reversing valve, a steering gear and an impact prevention valve to stretch the hydraulic oil cylinder and drive an axle to rotate, and at the moment, the hydraulic oil output by a rear steering axle oil pump returns to the hydraulic oil tank through a differential pressure sensing valve; when the rail-road dual-purpose vehicle needs to run on a highway in a double-axle steering mode, a steering mode button on a cab console needs to be switched to the double-axle steering mode for detecting the position of a distance sensor on a front axle steering oil cylinder, which stretches along with the oil cylinder, when a steering wheel is manually rotated, the front axle hydraulic oil cylinder stretches to drive the position of the distance sensor on the front axle hydraulic oil cylinder to change, an output signal of the sensor position is sent to a rear axle electric proportional reversing valve through a control system, oil pressure oil output by a gear pump enters the hydraulic oil cylinder through an electric proportional reversing valve and an anti-impact valve to realize the stretching of the hydraulic oil cylinder and drive a rear drive axle to rotate, an overflow valve limits the highest pressure of control oil which enters the anti-impact valve and is sent through a shuttle valve and a throttling plug, and controls the pressure of a differential pressure sensing valve; the position of a distance sensor on the hydraulic oil cylinder is changed, and the position of the sensor outputs a signal to a control system to control the distance to be equal to the extending distance of a steering oil cylinder of a front axle, so that synchronous steering is realized; hydraulic braking system, including oil pump, valves, energy storage ware etc. realizes whole car service braking, emergency braking, three kinds of modes of parking braking, and it also belongs to prior art, and its theory of operation is:

service braking:

the hydraulic oil output by the oil pump is conveyed to a liquid filling valve (oil is filled into an energy accumulator (an overflow valve 1 in the system is used as a safety valve to limit the highest pressure of the system) through an electromagnetic directional valve 2 assembly at a loss point, the oil filling of the energy accumulator is stopped when the energy accumulator reaches the rated oil filling pressure, the hydraulic oil from the oil pump returns to a hydraulic oil tank through the liquid filling valve to realize unloading), the outlet of the liquid filling valve is connected with the energy accumulator (the stored hydraulic oil is used as a power source for service braking and parking braking) and the electromagnetic directional valve 1 assembly, the electromagnetic directional valve 1 assembly is in charge of electrifying a service braking electromagnetic valve and conveys the hydraulic oil to the inlet of the braking valve, the braking valve is manually treaded, and the hydraulic oil enters a brake slave cylinder through the outlet of the braking. And when the brake valve is released, the hydraulic oil in the brake cylinder returns to the oil tank through the shuttle valve and the brake valve, so that the pressure relief is realized.

Emergency braking:

the emergency brake system has the advantages that the electromagnetic directional valve 2 component is electrified by manually touching any emergency brake switch on four corners of the vehicle and the console, hydraulic oil output by the oil pump directly enters the brake cylinder through the shuttle valve to realize emergency braking, and the overflow valve 2 in the system is used for limiting the highest pressure of the emergency brake. When the emergency brake switch is released, the component 2 of the electromagnetic directional valve loses power, and hydraulic oil in the brake cylinder returns to the oil tank through the shuttle valve and the component 2 of the electromagnetic directional valve, so that pressure relief is realized.

Parking and braking:

when the whole vehicle is powered off, hydraulic oil in the energy accumulator enters the brake cylinder through the power-off electromagnetic directional valve 1 assembly and the shuttle valve, and parking braking is achieved. When the whole vehicle is powered on, the electromagnetic valve 1 assembly responsible for service braking is powered on, and hydraulic oil in the brake cylinder returns to the oil tank through the shuttle valve and the electromagnetic directional valve 2 assembly to realize pressure relief.

In this embodiment, the vehicle body 11 is further provided with a guide wheel position sensor capable of detecting whether the guide wheel 33 is raised or lowered to a predetermined height.

Still be equipped with emergency braking button, strobe light, buzzer siren and loudspeaker on the automobile body 11, emergency braking button can carry out emergency braking, and strobe light, buzzer siren and loudspeaker are the warning effect.

In some embodiments, the body 11 is also equipped with a remote control device that is capable of remote operation in a railway mode of operation.

The highway and railway operation switching of the highway and railway dual-purpose vehicle is flexible, simple in structure, low in cost, convenient to maintain, low in noise, more energy-saving and environment-friendly due to the adoption of an electric mode, and the turning radius can be reduced due to the arrangement of double-axle steering, so that the maneuverability of the highway and railway dual-purpose vehicle is better.

The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention in connection with specific preferred embodiments and it is not intended that the invention be limited to these specific details. For those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and all shall be considered as belonging to the protection scope of the invention.