阅读说明：本技术 一种用于车桥的高强度铝合金材料 (High-strength aluminum alloy material for axle ) 是由 史力喜 陈喜增 马冬冬 韩东东 齐天润 于 2020-08-04 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于铝合金技术领域,提出了一种用于车桥的高强度铝合金材料,按质量百分比计,包括：Cu 1.2-3.5％,Mg 1.0-1.8％,Zn 5.0-9.0％,Mn 0.05-1.0％,Ti 0.01-0.5％,Cr 0.01-0.2％,Cd 0.01-0.25％,Zr 0.01-0.12％,B 0.001-0.01％,其余为Al及微量杂质元素,其中Zr和B的质量百分比含量满足Zr/B的比值在10-12。通过上述技术方案,解决了现有技术中铝合金强度低以及抗腐蚀性能差的问题。(The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy, and provides a high-strength aluminum alloy material for an axle, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1.2 to 3.5 percent of Cu, 1.0 to 1.8 percent of Mg, 5.0 to 9.0 percent of Zn, 0.05 to 1.0 percent of Mn, 0.01 to 0.5 percent of Ti, 0.01 to 0.2 percent of Cr, 0.01 to 0.25 percent of Cd, 0.01 to 0.12 percent of Zr, 0.001 to 0.01 percent of B, and the balance of Al and trace impurity elements, wherein the content of Zr and B in percentage by mass meets the requirement that the ratio of Zr/B is between 10 and 12. Through the technical scheme, the problems of low strength and poor corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy in the prior art are solved.)

1. The high-strength aluminum alloy material for the axle is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 1.2 to 3.5 percent of Cu, 1.0 to 1.8 percent of Mg, 5.0 to 9.0 percent of Zn, 0.05 to 1.0 percent of Mn, 0.01 to 0.5 percent of Ti, 0.01 to 0.2 percent of Cr0, 0.01 to 0.25 percent of Cd, 0.01 to 0.12 percent of Zr, 0.001 to 0.01 percent of B, and the balance of Al and trace impurity elements, wherein the content of Zr and B in percentage by mass meets the requirement that the ratio of Zr/B is between 10 and 12.

2. The high-strength aluminum alloy material for the axle according to claim 1, which consists of the following components in percentage by mass: 1.2 to 3.5 percent of Cu, 1.4 to 1.5 percent of Mg, 8.0 to 9.0 percent of Zn, 0.05 to 1.0 percent of Mn, 0.01 to 0.5 percent of Ti0.01 to 0.2 percent of Cr, 0.01 to 0.25 percent of Cd, 0.01 to 0.06 percent of Zr, 0.001 to 0.01 percent of B, and the balance of Al and trace impurity elements, wherein the content of Zr and B in percentage by mass meets the condition that the ratio of Zr/B is between 10 and 12.

3. A preparation method of a high-strength aluminum alloy material for an axle is characterized by comprising the following steps:

A. preparing the components according to the composition ratio of claim 1;

smelting aluminum at 750-900 ℃ to obtain an aluminum melt;

B. sequentially adding Cu, Mg, Zn, Mn, Cr, Cd and Zr into the aluminum melt obtained in the step A, and preserving heat for 1-2h at 750-900 ℃ to obtain an alloy liquid;

C. b, deslagging and degassing the alloy liquid obtained in the step B, and then sequentially adding Ti and B to obtain an alloy melt;

D. and C, pouring the alloy melt obtained in the step C into a mold, and then cooling to room temperature to obtain the high-strength aluminum alloy material.

4. The method for preparing the high-strength aluminum alloy material for the axle according to claim 3, wherein the temperature of the alloy liquid is reduced to 680-700 ℃ when the Ti and the B are added in the step C.

5. The method for preparing a high-strength aluminum alloy material for an axle according to claim 3, wherein the step D mold is preheated at 200-300 ℃ for 1-3 hours.

6. The method for preparing the high-strength aluminum alloy material for the axle according to claim 3, wherein Ti in the step C is a composition of titanium dioxide and elemental titanium in a mass ratio of 1: 1.

7. The method for preparing the high-strength aluminum alloy material for the axle according to claim 3, wherein a heat treatment step is further included between the step C and the step D, and the heat treatment step is to keep the alloy melt at the temperature of 450-500 ℃ for 24-72 h.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy, and relates to a high-strength aluminum alloy material for an axle.

Background

Aluminum is the second largest metal material with the second best yield than steel, and is known as universal metal due to good performance, wide application, large demand and low recovery cost. Statistics show that: in the prior 124 industries in China, 113 industries use aluminum products, and the industrial relevance reaches 91 percent, so that the aluminum industry is one of important prop raw material industries for the sustainable development of national economy. The aluminum alloy is an alloy formed by taking aluminum as a matrix element and then adding one or more alloy elements, such as Al-Mn alloy developed by adding manganese element into pure aluminum, Al-Cu alloy developed by adding copper element into pure aluminum, Al-Cu-Mg series hard aluminum alloy developed by simultaneously adding copper and magnesium element into pure aluminum, Al-Zn-Mg-Cu series superhard aluminum alloy developed by simultaneously adding zinc, magnesium and copper element into pure aluminum, and the like. Aluminum alloys have low density but relatively high strength and excellent electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance, etc., which have led to widespread use in the aerospace, automotive, machinery, marine and chemical industries.

With the continuous development of the modern industry and the joy of the national automobile industry, the demand of people for high-quality automobiles is rapidly increased. When the aluminum alloy is used for automobile body parts, the existing extrusion-molded parts or plates have insufficient strength, and the corrosion resistance also has a space for further improvement.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a high-strength aluminum alloy material for an axle, which solves the problems of low aluminum alloy strength and poor corrosion resistance in the prior art.

The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: a high-strength aluminum alloy material for an axle comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1.2 to 3.5 percent of Cu, 1.0 to 1.8 percent of Mg, 5.0 to 9.0 percent of Zn, 0.05 to 1.0 percent of Mn, 0.01 to 0.5 percent of Ti0.01 to 0.2 percent of Cr0.01 to 0.25 percent of Cd, 0.01 to 0.12 percent of Zr, 0.001 to 0.01 percent of B, and the balance of Al and trace impurity elements, wherein the mass percent content of Zr and B meets the condition that the ratio of Zr/B is 10 to 12.

Further, the paint comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1.2 to 3.5 percent of Cu, 1.4 to 1.5 percent of Mg, 8.0 to 9.0 percent of Zn0 percent, 0.05 to 1.0 percent of Mn, 0.01 to 0.5 percent of Ti, 0.01 to 0.2 percent of Cr, 0.01 to 0.25 percent of Cd, 0.01 to 0.06 percent of Zr, 0.001 to 0.01 percent of B, and the balance of Al and trace impurity elements, wherein the content of Zr and B in percentage by mass meets the condition that the ratio of Zr/B is between 10 and 12.

A preparation method of a high-strength aluminum alloy material for an axle comprises the following steps:

A. preparing the components according to the composition proportion of the high-strength aluminum alloy material for the axle;

smelting aluminum at 750-900 ℃ to obtain an aluminum melt;

B. sequentially adding Cu, Mg, Zn, Mn, Cr, Cd and Zr into the aluminum melt obtained in the step A, and preserving heat for 1-2h at 750-900 ℃ to obtain an alloy liquid;

C. b, deslagging and degassing the alloy liquid obtained in the step B, and then sequentially adding Ti and B to obtain an alloy melt;

D. and C, pouring the alloy melt obtained in the step C into a mold, and then cooling to room temperature to obtain the high-strength aluminum alloy material.

Further, when Ti and B are added in the step C, the temperature of the alloy liquid is reduced to 680-700 ℃.

Further, the step D mold is preheated at the temperature of 200-300 ℃ for 1-3 hours.

Further, in the step C, Ti is a composition of titanium dioxide and simple substance titanium with the mass ratio of 1: 1.

Further, a heat treatment step is also included between the step C and the step D, and the heat treatment step is to keep the alloy melt at the temperature of 450-500 ℃ for 24-72 h.

The working principle and the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

1. according to the invention, through the optimized proportion design of the components of the aluminum alloy material, the tensile strength of the final aluminum alloy reaches 275-²The problems of low strength and poor corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy in the prior art are solved.

2. According to the invention, the mechanical property and the corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy are improved by controlling the components of the aluminum alloy to meet the condition that the mass percentage content ratio of Zr/B is 10-12; on the premise that the aluminum alloy composition meets the condition that the mass percent content ratio of Zr/B is 10-12, the mass percent content ratio of Zn/Mg is controlled to be 6, so that the tensile strength, the yield strength, the elongation and the Brinell hardness of the aluminum alloy are further improved; meanwhile, the titanium dioxide and simple substance titanium composition with the mass ratio of 1:1 is added into the alloy liquid in the step C, so that the mechanical property of the final aluminum alloy is synergistically improved.

3. 1031 front axle is the brand-new platform product that matches the pick up car motorcycle type, and the front axle adopts two fork arm spiral spring formula independent suspensions, and the rear axle adopts the integral transaxle of leaf spring. The front axle can be compatible with a four-wheel drive system, and the domestic pick-up car type four-wheel drive front axle shell mainly adopts a form of welding a seamless steel pipe and a forging flange, and has the main defect of large self weight; the upper swing arm and the lower swing arm of the double-wishbone-type independent suspension are mainly made of steel plates through stamping welding or cast iron materials, in order to reduce the self weight of the double-wishbone-type independent suspension on the basis of not changing the strength of a drive axle, the upper arm is generally made of the performance required by the No. 6082-T6 in the national standard GB/T6892, the invention controls the Zn/Mg mass percentage content ratio to be 6 on the premise of controlling the aluminum alloy components to meet the Zr/B mass percentage content ratio to be 10-12, the prepared high-strength aluminum alloy material can meet the requirements, the lower arm of the drive axle is made of the performance required by the No. ZL101A in the national standard GB/T1173, and the high-strength aluminum alloy material can completely meet the requirements and can be applied to axle housings and swing arm parts instead of traditional steel or cast iron materials.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. In the following examples and comparative examples, the deslagging and degassing treatment was carried out by using a degassing and degassing machine, model CQJ-1, Brand Dingli. The degassing and deslagging machine carries refining media (nitrogen and argon) into the alloy liquid through a graphite rotor rotating at a high speed, and fine bubbles are generated and uniformly dispersed in the alloy liquid through the relative high-speed shearing of the graphite rotor and the alloy liquid; because the hydrogen partial pressure in the bubbles is zero and the hydrogen partial pressure in the alloy liquid is high, the hydrogen in the alloy liquid is gradually diffused into the bubbles, metal and non-metal inclusions in the alloy liquid are adsorbed on the surfaces of the bubbles, and the bubbles and the carried inclusions float upwards, so that the aim of removing the hydrogen and the inclusions in the alloy liquid is fulfilled, and the effect of purifying the alloy liquid is achieved.