阅读说明：本技术 复杂盘饼类模锻件锻造变形量控制方法 (Method for controlling forging deformation of complex disc cake die forging ) 是由 刘国标 单丽梅 王泽忠 李海荣 于 2020-07-21 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明中公开了一种复杂盘饼类模锻件锻造变形量控制方法,通过在预制坯模型和终锻件模型上设置台阶结构,在锻件成型时,终锻件成型模具对应设置的台阶结构与预制坯模型上设置的台阶结构,在终锻件成型模具和预制坯之间在对应的台阶结构位置形成两个或两个以上的变形支点；通过在变形不足区域设置的多个变形支点,可大幅增加预制坯成型时变形量不足区域的变形量,从而在保证锻件成型过程中变形量的同时,可大幅减小锻件余块的设计量,减小锻件锻造成型所需的原料,降低锻造成本。(The invention discloses a method for controlling the forging deformation amount of a complicated disc cake type die forging, which comprises the steps of arranging step structures on a pre-blank model and a finish forging model, wherein when a forging is formed, the step structures correspondingly arranged on the finish forging forming mould and the step structures arranged on the pre-blank model form two or more deformation supporting points between the finish forging forming mould and a pre-blank at the corresponding step structure positions; through a plurality of deformation fulcrums that set up in the insufficient area of deformation, the deformation of the insufficient area of deflection when can increase the preforming base shaping by a wide margin to when guaranteeing the deformation in the forging shaping process, can reduce the design volume of the surplus piece of forging by a wide margin, reduce the required raw materials of forging shaping of forging, reduce forging cost.)

1. The method for controlling the forging deformation amount of the complicated disc cake die forging is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

1) designing a pre-blank model, a finish forging model and a finish forging forming die of the forging process according to the part drawing, carrying out simulation forming analysis on the obtained pre-blank model and the finish forging forming die to obtain the deformation of each region for forming the forge piece, and determining the region with insufficient forming deformation of the forge piece;

2) aiming at the area with insufficient deformation of the forging forming, one or more large slope structures are arranged on the preform model, and one or more step structures are arranged on the large slope structures;

3) carrying out simulation forming analysis on the pre-blank model and the finish forging model in the step 2) to obtain the deformation of each region formed by the forging;

4) adjusting the position parameters and the size parameters of the large slope on the pre-blank model and the step structure on the large slope according to the deformation value of each region formed by the forged piece;

5) carrying out simulation forming analysis according to the pre-blank model and the finish forging model in the step 4) to obtain the deformation of each region formed by the forging;

6) and (5) repeating the steps 4) and 5) until the deformation of each forging forming area meets the requirement, and obtaining the final preform model and the final forging model.

2. The method for controlling the forging deformation of the complex disc cake type die forging according to claim 1, wherein the step 2) further comprises the following steps: aiming at the area with insufficient deformation amount for forging forming, arranging one or more step structures at the corresponding position of the area with insufficient deformation amount on the finish forging model;

the step 4) further comprises the following steps: and adjusting the position parameters and the size parameters of the upper step structure of the final forging piece according to the deformation value of each region formed by the forging piece.

3. The method for controlling the forging deformation amount of the complex disc cake type die forging according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the control method is characterized in that the simulation forming analysis of the forging forming is carried out by adopting form software.

4. The method for controlling the forging deformation of the complex disc cake type die forging according to claim 1, wherein a final forging model is designed in the step 1) by adopting a small allowance design principle in forging process design.

5. The method for controlling the forging deformation amount of the complex disc cake type die forging according to claim 1, wherein the preform model is designed in the step 1) by adopting the easy forming in the forging process design and without the machining principle.

6. The method for controlling the forging deformation amount of the complex disc cake type die forging according to claim 1, wherein a large slope structure is arranged on a preform model in the step 2) by adopting a large slope design principle in the forging process design.

7. Complicated dish cake class die forging forges deformation volume control structure, its characterized in that includes:

the large slope structure is arranged on at least one end face of the prefabricated blank, and the step structure is arranged on the large slope structure of the prefabricated blank;

and a step structure arranged on the finish forging forming die corresponding to the step structure of the finish forging model.

8. The forging deformation amount control structure of the complex disc cake type die forging according to claim 7, wherein the step structure on the preform and the step structure on the finish forging forming die are arranged close to a forging forming deformation amount insufficient area.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of forging processes, in particular to a method for controlling the forging deformation of a complex disc cake internal die forging.

Background

In order to meet the weight reduction requirement of aerospace stress parts, in recent years, aerospace disk cake stress parts are increasingly designed into complex integral parts. The integral part of the discoid is not only complex in appearance, but also has requirements on microstructure appearance and macroscopic mechanical property which are not inferior to those of parts with common shapes. In order to ensure that the complex disc cake integral parts meet the use requirements on the microstructure morphology and the macroscopic mechanical property, the uniformity of the deformation of the part area in the forge piece is generally strictly controlled in the process of designing and forging the corresponding integral forge piece, particularly in the process of forging the titanium alloy and high-temperature alloy complex disc cake forge piece.

At present, a small allowance design principle is generally adopted for the complex disc cake type forge piece, but the problem that deformation of certain regions of a part is insufficient when the complex disc cake type integral forge piece is forged by adopting the small allowance design principle, namely the deformation of certain regions of the part in the forge piece is small or the deformation of certain regions is completely non-deformation regions, easily occurs. In order to ensure the uniformity of the deformation of the area of the part in the complex disc cake type integral forging in the forging process, the deformation of the area is generally improved by increasing the deformation space in the area with insufficient deformation, in the actual production process, the shape of the preform corresponding to the area with insufficient deformation of the forging is usually designed into a large slope shape as shown in fig. 2a and 5a, and the size of the forging in the area with insufficient deformation is greatly increased, that is, the residual block is added on the forging as shown in fig. 2a and 5 a. Although the deformation space of the area with insufficient deformation can be increased to a certain extent by simultaneously adopting the large slope design of the shape of the preformed blank and the method for adding the residual block on the forge piece, so that the deformation of the area with insufficient deformation in the forge piece is improved, and finally the uniformity of the deformation of the area of the part in the complex disc cake type integral forge piece meets the production requirement, the total weight of the forge piece can be greatly increased by adopting the method, the raw material cost of the forge piece is increased, the waste of the raw material is caused, and particularly, the raw material cost of the forge piece is inevitably greatly increased by increasing the size of the forge piece for the forge piece using titanium alloy and high-temperature alloy raw materials. Therefore, a forging design method capable of greatly reducing the size of the forging, namely reducing the residual blocks in the forging, on the premise that the uniformity of the deformation of the part region in the forging meets the production requirement needs to be developed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a method for controlling the forging deformation of a complex disc cake die forging, aiming at the problems that the deformation of a part area in a forging and the design quantity of a forging residual block are large in the conventional process for forging the complex disc cake die forging.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

the method for controlling the forging deformation amount of the complicated disc cake die forging comprises the following steps:

1) designing a pre-blank model, a finish forging model and a finish forging forming die of the forging process according to the part drawing, carrying out simulation forming analysis on the obtained pre-blank model and the finish forging forming die to obtain the deformation of each region for forming the forge piece, and determining the region with insufficient forming deformation of the forge piece;

2) aiming at the area with insufficient deformation of the forging forming, one or more large slope structures are arranged on the preform model, and one or more step structures are arranged on the large slope structures;

3) carrying out simulation forming analysis on the pre-blank model and the finish forging model in the step 2) to obtain the deformation of each region formed by the forging;

4) adjusting the position parameters and the size parameters of the large slope on the pre-blank model and the step structure on the large slope according to the deformation value of each region formed by the forged piece;

5) carrying out simulation forming analysis according to the pre-blank model and the finish forging model in the step 4) to obtain the deformation of each region formed by the forging;

6) and (5) repeating the steps 4) and 5) until the deformation of each forging forming area meets the requirement, and obtaining the final preform model and the final forging model.

In the above technical solution, further, the step 2) further includes: aiming at the area with insufficient deformation amount for forging forming, arranging one or more step structures at the corresponding position of the area with insufficient deformation amount on the finish forging model;

the step 4) further comprises the following steps: and adjusting the position parameters and the size parameters of the upper step structure of the final forging piece according to the deformation value of each region formed by the forging piece.

In the above technical solution, further, the control method adopts the form software to perform the simulation forming analysis of the forging forming.

In the above technical solution, further, the step 1) adopts a small allowance design principle in the process design of the forged piece to design and obtain the final forged piece model.

In the above technical solution, further, in the step 1), the preform model is designed by adopting easy molding in the forging process design and without the machining principle.

In the above technical solution, further, a large slope structure is arranged on the preform model by using a large slope design principle in the forging process design in step 2).

The invention also relates to a forging deformation control structure of the complex disc cake die forging, which comprises the following steps:

the large slope structure is arranged on at least one end face of the prefabricated blank, and the step structure is arranged on the large slope structure of the prefabricated blank;

and a step structure arranged on the finish forging forming die corresponding to the step structure of the finish forging model.

In the above technical solution, further, the step structure on the preform and the step structure on the finish forging forming mold are disposed near the region where the deformation amount of the forging is insufficient.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

the step structures are arranged on the pre-forging piece model and the finish forging piece model, when a forge piece is formed, the step structure arranged on the finish forging piece forming mould and the step structure arranged on the pre-forging piece model are correspondingly arranged, and two or more deformation fulcrums are formed between the finish forging piece forming mould and the pre-forging piece at the positions of the corresponding step structures; through a plurality of deformation fulcrums that set up in the insufficient area of deformation, the deformation of the insufficient area of deflection when can increase the preforming base shaping by a wide margin to when guaranteeing the deformation in the forging shaping process, can reduce the design volume of the surplus piece of forging by a wide margin, reduce the required raw materials of forging shaping of forging, reduce forging cost.

Drawings

FIG. 1a is a schematic view of a rotating cross section of a disk-shaped part in example 1 and comparative example 1.

FIG. 1b is a schematic rotational cross-section of a disk-shaped preform model according to the design principles of easy forming and no machining required in example 1 and comparative example 1.

FIG. 1c is a schematic view of a rotary cross section of a finish forged part model according to the minimum margin design rule in example 1 and comparative example 1.

FIG. 1d is a schematic diagram of the deformation of each region in the forging forming in example 1 and comparative example 1.

FIG. 2a is a schematic view showing a cross-sectional view of a preform mold obtained by a conventional design method in comparative example 1.

FIG. 2b is a schematic view showing a rotated cross section of a finish forged part model obtained by a conventional design method in comparative example 1.

FIG. 2c is a schematic diagram showing the deformation of each region of the forged piece formed by the conventional design method in comparative example 1.

FIG. 3a is a schematic representation of a cross-section of a preform model obtained by the process of the invention in example 1, rotated.

FIG. 3b is a schematic view of a rotary cross-section of a finish forged part mold obtained by the method of the present invention in example 1.

FIG. 3c is a schematic view of the deformation of each region of the forged part formed by the method of the present invention in example 1.

FIG. 4a is a schematic rotational cross-section of the disk-shaped part in example 2 and comparative example 2.

FIG. 4b is a schematic rotational cross-section of the disk-shaped preform model of example 2 and comparative example 2 according to the design principle of easy forming and no machining.

Fig. 4c is a schematic rotational cross-sectional view of a forging model obtained according to the minimum margin design principle in example 2 and comparative example 2.

FIG. 4d is a schematic diagram of the deformation of each region in the forging forming in example 2 and comparative example 2.

FIG. 5a is a schematic view showing a cross-sectional view of a preform mold in comparative example 2, which is rotated according to a conventional design method.

FIG. 5b is a schematic view showing a rotated cross section of a finish forged part model obtained by a conventional design method in comparative example 2.

FIG. 5c is a schematic diagram showing the deformation of each region of the forged piece formed by the conventional design method in comparative example 2.

FIG. 6a is a schematic representation of a cross-section of a preform mold in rotation obtained by the method of the present invention in example 2.

FIG. 6b is a schematic view of a rotary cross-section of a finish forged part mold obtained by the method of the present invention in example 2.

FIG. 6c is a schematic view of the deformation of each region of the forged part formed by the method of the present invention in example 2.

Detailed Description

In the die forging process, the raw material is forged into the shape of the part, and the corresponding preform model, finish forging model, preform forming die and finish forging forming die are designed according to the set die forging process parameters, and the corresponding design process is usually as follows:

1) designing a pre-blank model drawing and a finish forging model drawing by adopting CAD software according to the part drawing, and designing a pre-blank forming die drawing and a finish forging forming die drawing according to the pre-blank model drawing and the finish forging model drawing;

2) importing a forging raw material (bar stock) model diagram, a preform forming die diagram and a finish forging forming die diagram into Deform software, setting corresponding process parameters, carrying out numerical simulation, and obtaining deformation and insufficient deformation areas of each area of a forging in the forging forming process according to a simulation result;

3) and if the deformation of each area of the forging does not meet the forging requirement, modifying the preform model and the finish forging model according to the position of the area with insufficient deformation, and repeating the steps 1) and 2) to obtain a final preform model map and a final forging model map.

At present, when the deformation of a forging in the forging forming process is improved, a deformation space is usually increased in an area with insufficient deformation to improve the deformation of the area, in the actual forging design, a mode of combining a large slope design of a pre-blank and a large residual block design of a finish forging is usually adopted, and the general design flow is as follows:

and correspondingly designing the deformation insufficient area on the preform into a large slope structure according to the determined deformation insufficient area of each area of the forging, as shown in figures 2a and 5a, and adding a residual block structure on the deformation insufficient area on the final forging, as shown in figures 2b and 5 b. The large slope structure is an inclined end surface structure which is arranged on the upper end surface and/or the lower end surface of the prefabricated blank in an inclined mode; the structure of the residual block is designed with more allowance on the final forging piece, thereby ensuring that the position can obtain larger deformation in the die forging forming process. The method for improving the deformation amount by adding the residual blocks generally needs to design a large residual block structure on a final forging piece, and the design amount of the large residual blocks occupies a large ratio on the whole forging piece, so that raw materials required by forging of the forging piece are greatly increased.

According to the invention, a large slope structure is arranged on the prefabricated blank, and a step structure is arranged on the large slope structure and is used as a deformation fulcrum during forging forming; one or more step structures are arranged on the upper end face and/or the lower end face of the finish forging model, at the moment, one or more step structures with external round corners are correspondingly formed on the finish forging forming die respectively, the step structures become one or more other deformation pivot points between the finish forging forming die and the preformed blank during forging forming, the step structures are close to the area with insufficient deformation amount for forming the forged piece, the step structures act on the area with insufficient deformation amount during forming, two or more deformation pivot points are formed between the preformed blank and the finish forging forming die, the deformation amount for forming the forged piece can be increased through the arranged plurality of deformation pivot points, meanwhile, the design amount of the residual block of the forged piece can be greatly reduced, and raw materials required in the forging forming process of the forged piece are reduced.

The forging deformation amount control method specifically comprises the following steps:

1) designing to obtain a finish forging model by adopting a small allowance design principle in the forging process design according to a part drawing, designing to obtain a pre-blank model by adopting an easy-forming and machining-free principle in the forging process design, designing to obtain a finish forging forming die according to the finish forging model, carrying out simulation forming analysis on the obtained pre-blank model and the finish forging forming die to obtain the deformation of each region for forming the forging, and determining the region with insufficient forging forming deformation;

2) aiming at the area with insufficient forming deformation of the forge piece, adopting a large slope design principle in the forge piece process design, arranging one or more large slope structures on the precast blank model, and arranging a step structure on the large slope structure; aiming at the area with insufficient deformation amount for forging forming, arranging a step structure at the corresponding position of the area with insufficient deformation amount on the finish forging model;

3) carrying out simulation forming analysis on the pre-blank model and the finish forging model in the step 2) to obtain the deformation of each region formed by the forging;

4) adjusting the position parameters and the size parameters of the large slope on the pre-blank model and the step structure on the large slope according to the deformation value of each region formed by the forged piece; adjusting the position parameters and the size parameters of the upper step structure of the final forging piece;

5) carrying out simulation forming analysis according to the pre-blank model and the finish forging model in the step 4) to obtain the deformation of each region formed by the forging;

6) and (5) repeating the steps 4) and 5) until the deformation of each forging forming area meets the requirement, and obtaining the final preform model and the final forging model.

The present invention will be further described with reference to specific examples, comparative examples and the accompanying drawings.