阅读说明：本技术 一种麸炒白术饮片的加工工艺 (Processing technology of bran-fried bighead atractylodes rhizome decoction pieces ) 是由 刘艳生 于 2020-06-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本申请公开了一种麸炒白术饮片的加工工艺,属于中药饮片制备技术领域,包括以下步骤：净选；洗泡、闷润：清洗白术表面泥土后,置于30-50℃饮用水中进行浸泡,取出后在50-60℃条件下闷润；切制；干燥；炒制：在200-210℃条件下取麦麸置热锅中,待冒烟后,加入干燥后的白术切片,炒制25-30min,至白术切片表面黄棕色,香气溢出时取出；所述麦麸的粒径为≥40目,含水量≤10%,麦麸总灰分≤6%；筛选；包装。本申请制备的白术饮片颜色均匀,表面清爽,有些有少量灰屑,少有焦片、糊片,外观形状良好,符合质量标准；且白术饮片中白术内酯Ⅰ、白术内酯Ⅱ和白术内酯Ⅲ的含量显著提高,增强了白术饮片健脾和胃作用。(The application discloses a processing technology of bran-fried bighead atractylodes rhizome decoction pieces, belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine decoction piece preparation, and comprises the following steps: cleaning and selecting; washing, soaking and moistening: cleaning soil on the surface of the bighead atractylodes rhizome, soaking in drinking water at 30-50 ℃, taking out, and moistening at 50-60 ℃; cutting; drying; frying: placing wheat bran in a hot pot at 200-210 deg.C, smoking, adding dried Atractylodis rhizoma slices, parching for 25-30min until the surface of Atractylodis rhizoma slices is yellow brown and fragrance overflows, and taking out; the grain size of the wheat bran is more than or equal to 40 meshes, the water content is less than or equal to 10%, and the total ash content of the wheat bran is less than or equal to 6%; screening; and (6) packaging. The prepared rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae decoction pieces are uniform in color, fresh and cool in surface, have a small amount of ash, a small amount of scorched pieces and burnt pieces, are good in appearance and shape and meet quality standards; and the contents of atractylenolide I, atractylenolide II and atractylenolide III in the decoction pieces of atractylenolide are obviously improved, and the spleen and stomach strengthening effect of the decoction pieces of atractylenolide is enhanced.)

1. A processing technology of bran-fried bighead atractylodes rhizome decoction pieces is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

a. cleaning and selecting: removing impurities and non-medicinal parts in the rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae;

b. washing, soaking and moistening: cleaning the soil on the surface of the cleaned rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae, and continuously turning over the rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae in the cleaning process; soaking the cleaned rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae in 30-50 deg.C drinking water for 12-24h, taking out, moistening at 50-60 deg.C for 24-32h, wherein the mass ratio of drinking water to rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae is 1: 0.6-0.8;

c. cutting: cutting rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae with uniform internal and external humidity into 2-4mm slices;

d. and (3) drying: slicing rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, spreading to a thickness of less than or equal to 3cm, drying at a temperature of less than or equal to 80 deg.C, and drying when water content is less than or equal to 15%;

e. frying: setting the temperature in the medicine frying machine at 200-210 deg.C, placing testa Tritici in a hot pan, adding dried Atractylodis rhizoma slices after smoking, parching for 25-30min until the surface of Atractylodis rhizoma slices is yellow brown and the fragrance overflows, and taking out; the mass ratio of the sliced white atractylodes rhizome to the wheat bran is 1: 0.08-0.15; the grain size of the wheat bran is more than or equal to 40 meshes, the water content is less than or equal to 10%, and the total ash content of the wheat bran is less than or equal to 6%;

f. screening: removing bran and debris from the parched Atractylodis rhizoma decoction pieces with a screen;

g. and (6) packaging.

2. The processing technology of the bran-fried bighead atractylodes rhizome decoction pieces as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step b, the cleaned bighead atractylodes rhizome is soaked in drinking water at the temperature of 35-45 ℃ for 16-20 hours.

3. The processing technology of the bran-fried bighead atractylodes rhizome decoction pieces as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step b, the mixture is moistened for 26 to 30 hours at the temperature of between 52 and 58 ℃.

4. The processing technology of the bran-fried bighead atractylodes rhizome decoction pieces as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step d, the tiling thickness of the rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae slices is 1-2cm, the drying temperature is 60-80 ℃, and the drying is finished when the moisture is less than or equal to 12%.

5. The processing technology of the bran-fried bighead atractylodes rhizome decoction pieces as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step e, the wheat bran is honey-fried wheat bran, and the honey-fried wheat bran comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of wheat bran, 1-2 parts of refined honey, 0.2-0.8 part of dried orange peel, 0.1-0.6 part of momordica grosvenori, 0.6-1 part of Chinese yam and 0.3-0.5 part of hyacinth bean.

6. The processing technology of the bran-fried bighead atractylodes rhizome decoction pieces as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the preparation method of the honey-fried bran comprises the following steps:

weighing 0.2-0.8 part of dried orange peel, 0.1-0.6 part of momordica grosvenori, 0.6-1 part of dioscorea opposita and 0.3-0.5 part of hyacinth bean, mixing, and crushing to obtain mixture powder with the particle size of 150-250 microns;

II, frying the mixture powder at 100-150 ℃ for 2-3min, adding 1-2 parts of refined honey, raising the temperature to 160-170 ℃, and finally adding 10-15 parts of wheat bran to fry the mixture powder without sticking to hands.

7. The processing technology of the bran-fried bighead atractylodes rhizome decoction pieces as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step e, the rotating speed of the herbal medicine roaster is 30-50 r/min.

8. The processing technology of the bran-fried bighead atractylodes rhizome decoction pieces as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: in step e, the grain size of the wheat bran is 20-40 meshes.

9. The processing technology of the bran-fried bighead atractylodes rhizome decoction pieces as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: step g, packaging the screened rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae slices by adopting small packages, wherein the difference of the bagged rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae slices is +/-7% below 6 g; 6g of the above-mentioned powder contained the difference of + -5% in the bag.

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine decoction piece preparation, in particular to a processing technology of bran-fried bighead atractylodes rhizome decoction pieces.

Background

The rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae is a Chinese medicinal material with long history and definite curative effect, is the dried rhizome of the rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae of Compositae, and is a perennial herb. It is warm in nature, sweet and bitter in taste, and has effects of invigorating spleen, invigorating qi, eliminating dampness, promoting diuresis, arresting sweating, and preventing miscarriage. Is mainly used for treating spleen deficiency, anorexia, dyspepsia, abdominal distention, diarrhea, asthenia, phlegm and fluid retention, dizziness and palpitation, edema, spontaneous perspiration, and threatened abortion. Modern pharmacological research shows that the bighead atractylodes rhizome has the effects of protecting the liver, benefiting gallbladder, promoting urination, inhibiting bacteria, resisting inflammation, resisting tumors, enhancing immunity, reducing blood pressure, reducing blood sugar, resisting blood coagulation, strengthening body, tranquilizing and the like. Wheat bran is seed coat sieved after grinding wheat flour from wheat of Triticum of Gramineae, is main byproduct of wheat flour processing factory, and is brown yellow. It is composed of wheat pericarp, seed coat, aleurone layer, a few embryos and endosperm. The wheat bran mainly contains starch, protein, vitamins and the like; sweet and light taste, mild in nature; can regulate the middle warmer and tonify the spleen.

The traditional Chinese medicine can be used as a medicine only after being processed into decoction pieces, which is a characteristic of the clinical medicine of the traditional Chinese medicine. The Chinese medicine processing auxiliary materials are auxiliary materials with auxiliary effects, and can play a role in coordinating main medicines, or enhancing curative effect, or reducing toxicity, or relieving side effects, or influencing main physicochemical properties. Therefore, the quality of the auxiliary materials directly affects the quality of the Chinese herbal pieces. Wheat bran is one of the common solid auxiliary materials for processing Chinese medicines, and can relieve dryness of the medicines (such as rhizoma Atractylodis, fructus Aurantii Immaturus, etc.), enhance curative effect (such as rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, rhizoma Dioscoreae, etc.), remove unpleasant odor of the medicines (such as Bombyx Batryticatus, etc.), and make the medicines uniform in color and luster. The chemical components of the bighead atractylodes rhizome are mainly volatile oil, wherein the content of atractylone is the highest, the atractylone is considered as one of main components causing dryness, and the atractylenolide I, II and III have the effects of resisting inflammation, resisting cancer, promoting gastrointestinal movement and the like. After the largehead atractylodes rhizome is stir-fried with bran, part of volatile oil components in the largehead atractylodes rhizome are absorbed by wheat bran, so that the dryness of the largehead atractylodes rhizome is relieved, and meanwhile, part of atractylone is converted into atractylenolide in the processing process, so that the effect of strengthening the spleen of the largehead atractylodes rhizome is enhanced.

At present, wheat bran as an auxiliary material for processing traditional Chinese medicines lacks of standardized processing technology and quality standard, but the inventor finds that the granularity and moisture of the wheat bran have influence on the fried bighead atractylodes rhizome sheet type and the content of atractylenolide, and the yield and the drug effect of processed bighead atractylodes rhizome fried with bran can be reduced if the processing technology is improper.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the application aims to provide the processing technology of the bran-fried bighead atractylodes rhizome decoction pieces, and by adopting the method, the yield of bran-fried bighead atractylodes rhizome can be improved, and the quality of the decoction pieces can be improved.

The technical purpose of the application is realized by the following technical scheme:

a processing technology of bran-fried bighead atractylodes rhizome decoction pieces comprises the following steps:

a. cleaning and selecting: removing impurities and non-medicinal parts in the rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae;

b. washing, soaking and moistening: cleaning the soil on the surface of the cleaned rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae, and continuously turning over the rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae in the cleaning process; soaking the cleaned rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae in 30-50 deg.C drinking water for 12-24h until reaching a medium volume, taking out, moistening at 50-60 deg.C for 24-32h, wherein the mass ratio of drinking water to rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae is 1: 0.6-0.8;

c. cutting: cutting rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae with uniform internal and external humidity into 2-4mm slices;

d. and (3) drying: slicing rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, spreading to a thickness of less than or equal to 3cm, drying at a temperature of less than or equal to 80 deg.C, and drying when water content is less than or equal to 15%;

e. frying: setting the temperature in the medicine frying machine at 200-210 deg.C, placing testa Tritici in a hot pan, adding dried Atractylodis rhizoma slices after smoking, parching for 25-30min until the surface of Atractylodis rhizoma slices is yellow brown and the fragrance overflows, and taking out; the mass ratio of the sliced white atractylodes rhizome to the wheat bran is 1: 0.08-0.15; the grain size of the wheat bran is more than or equal to 40 meshes, the water content is less than or equal to 10%, and the total ash content of the wheat bran is less than or equal to 6%;

f. screening: removing bran and debris from the parched Atractylodis rhizoma decoction pieces with a screen;

g. and (6) packaging.

By adopting the technical scheme, firstly, white atractylodes rhizome is selected on an operation table, impurities and non-required parts are removed, and the purpose of the step is to use white atractylodes rhizome with good properties as a raw material. Secondly, the cleaned and selected rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae is put in a medicine washing machine to be washed with flowing drinking water, the soil on the surface is washed, the washing process is continuously turned over, and the purpose of the step is to reduce the ash content of rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae decoction pieces and improve the cleanliness of the rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae decoction pieces. Soaking the cleaned rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae in a stainless steel soaking tank, taking out the rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae when the rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae is completely formed, moistening the rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae until the internal humidity and the external humidity are consistent, and the purpose of the step is to obtain the soft rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae without hard heart. Then put the atractylis ovata in medicine cutting machine and cut into slices, the atractylis ovata after the section is dried again, this application can adopt solar energy sunning room to carry out drying or stoving two kinds of modes, two kinds of modes all need control the water content in drying temperature and the dried atractylis ovata, the purpose of this step is to obtain the atractylis ovata that the water content is less than or equal to 15%, if the atractylis ovata water content exceeds 15%, influence the drug effect of atractylis ovata decoction pieces on the one hand, the atractylis ovata decoction pieces that on the other hand the water content is high. The next step is to fry the dried largehead atractylodes rhizome and the wheat bran together to relieve the dryness of the largehead atractylodes rhizome decoction pieces, so that the largehead atractylodes rhizome decoction pieces have aromatic smell and the effects of strengthening spleen and stomach are enhanced. Meanwhile, the wheat bran granularity, gray level and moisture content are limited, the white atractylodes rhizome decoction pieces fried by the wheat bran with large granularity and low moisture content are uniform in color, deep yellow and fresh in surface, few scorched slices and paste slices exist, the quality of the white atractylodes rhizome decoction pieces can be obviously improved, and the contents of white atractylodes rhizome lactone I, white atractylodes rhizome lactone II and white atractylodes rhizome lactone III in the white atractylodes rhizome decoction pieces are also improved. After the stir-frying is finished, bran and scraps are sieved out by using a medicine sieving machine, and finally, the mixture is packaged, and the purpose of sieving is to provide the bighead atractylodes rhizome decoction pieces with good appearance and shape.

Preferably, in the step b, the washed white atractylodes rhizome is soaked in drinking water at the temperature of 35-45 ℃ for 16-20 h.

Preferably, in the step b, the mixture is subjected to moistening for 26 to 30 hours at the temperature of between 52 and 58 ℃.

Preferably, in the step d, the tiling thickness of the sliced white atractylodes rhizome is 1-2cm, the drying temperature is 60-80 ℃, and the drying is finished when the moisture is less than or equal to 12%.

By adopting the technical scheme, the tiling thickness is 1-2cm, the smaller the tiling thickness is, the more thoroughly the bighead atractylodes rhizome is dried, and meanwhile, the drying time can be greatly shortened, thereby saving energy.

Preferably, in the step e, the wheat bran is honey-fried wheat bran, and the honey-fried wheat bran comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of wheat bran, 1-2 parts of refined honey, 0.2-0.8 part of dried orange peel, 0.1-0.6 part of momordica grosvenori, 0.6-1 part of Chinese yam and 0.3-0.5 part of hyacinth bean.

Preferably, the preparation method of the honey-fried bran comprises the following steps:

weighing 0.2-0.8 part of dried orange peel, 0.1-0.6 part of momordica grosvenori, 0.6-1 part of dioscorea opposita and 0.3-0.5 part of hyacinth bean, mixing, and crushing to obtain mixture powder with the particle size of 150-250 microns;

II, frying the mixture powder at 100-150 ℃ for 2-3min, adding 1-2 parts of refined honey, raising the temperature to 160-170 ℃, and finally adding 10-15 parts of wheat bran to fry the mixture powder without sticking to hands.

By adopting the technical scheme, the bran roasted with honey is used for stir-frying the bighead atractylodes rhizome, so that the appearance shape of the bighead atractylodes rhizome decoction piece can be improved, the obtained bighead atractylodes rhizome decoction piece is uniform in color, bright and deep yellow, and fresh and cool in surface, and no scorched slices or paste slices exist, and on the other hand, the conversion of atractylone to atractylone can be remarkably promoted, so that the content of atractylone is remarkably reduced, the content of atractylone I, atractylone II and atractylone III is remarkably increased, and the spleen tonifying effect of the bighead atractylodes rhizome decoction piece is enhanced. The reason for the effect is that the addition of the tangerine peel, the momordica grosvenori, the Chinese yam and the hyacinth bean and the honey refining generate a synergistic effect, the conversion of atractylone to atractylenolide is promoted together, and the content of atractylenolide I, atractylenolide II and atractylenolide III is much higher than that of atractylenolide in the common honey refining wheat bran fried atractylenolide. Therefore, the white atractylodes rhizome decoction pieces obtained by frying the white atractylodes rhizome with the honey-fried bran have smooth color and luster and better internal quality.

Preferably, in the step e, the rotation speed of the herbal medicine roaster is 30-50 r/min.

By adopting the technical scheme, the rotating speed of the medicine frying machine is limited to 30-50 r/min, so that the phenomenon that the product quality is reduced due to uneven contact between wheat bran and the bighead atractylodes rhizome or uneven heating of the bighead atractylodes rhizome in the process of frying the bighead atractylodes rhizome is avoided.

Preferably, in step e, the wheat bran has a particle size of 20-40 mesh.

By adopting the technical scheme, the grain size of wheat bran is limited to be 20-40 meshes and smaller than 40 meshes, the white atractylodes rhizome decoction pieces obtained by stir-frying the white atractylodes rhizome with bran have poor color uniformity, have dark yellow, yellow and burnt yellow, more surface ash scraps, more burnt slices and paste slices, and lower contents of white atractylodes rhizome lactone I, white atractylodes rhizome lactone II and white atractylodes rhizome lactone III. Larger than 20 meshes, although the obtained rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae decoction pieces have good appearance and shape and are high in atractylis ovata lactone I, atractylis ovata lactone II and atractylis ovata lactone III, a large amount of wheat bran auxiliary materials are wasted, and when the particle size of the wheat bran is 20-40 meshes, the obtained rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae decoction pieces can meet the market requirements without further screening the wheat bran with larger particle size.

Preferably, in the step g, the screened bighead atractylodes rhizome slices are packaged by small packages, and the difference of the packages is +/-7% below 6 g; 6g of the above-mentioned powder contained the difference of + -5% in the bag.

By adopting the technical scheme, the rhizoma atractylodis decoction piece product is further standardized, and the market requirement is better met.

In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

1. the prepared rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae decoction pieces are uniform in color, deep yellow, fresh and cool in surface, have a small amount of ash, a few of scorched pieces and burnt pieces, are good in appearance and shape and meet quality standards;

2. the contents of atractylenolide I, atractylenolide II and atractylenolide III in the decoction pieces of atractylenolide prepared by the method are obviously improved, and the spleen and stomach strengthening effect of the decoction pieces of atractylenolide is enhanced;

3. the method has simple steps and convenient operation, conforms to the regulation of Chinese pharmacopoeia and has wide application prospect.

Detailed Description

The present application will be described in further detail with reference to examples.

Atractylodes macrocephala lactone I (cat # SA 8650), Atractylodes macrocephala lactone II (cat # SA 8660), Atractylodes macrocephala lactone III (cat # SA 8670), and atractylone (cat # SA 9811) were purchased from Beijing Solebao science and technology, Inc.

Preparation example 1

The preparation method of the honey-fried bran comprises the following steps:

weighing 0.2 part of dried orange peel, 0.6 part of momordica grosvenori, 0.6 part of dioscorea opposita and 0.5 part of hyacinth bean, mixing, and crushing to obtain mixture powder with the particle size of 250 microns;

II, frying the mixture powder at 150 ℃ for 2min, adding 1 part of refined honey, raising the temperature to 170 ℃, and finally adding 15 parts of wheat bran, wherein the mixture powder is not sticky when fried.

Preparation example 2

The preparation method of the honey-fried bran comprises the following steps:

weighing 0.8 part of dried orange peel, 0.1 part of momordica grosvenori, 1 part of dioscorea opposita and 0.3 part of hyacinth bean, mixing, and crushing to obtain mixture powder with the particle size of 150 microns;

and II, frying the mixture powder at 100 ℃ for 3min, adding 2 parts of refined honey, raising the temperature to 160 ℃, and finally adding 10 parts of wheat bran to fry the mixture powder without sticking to hands.

Preparation example 3

The preparation method of the honey-fried bran comprises the following steps:

weighing 0.5 part of dried orange peel, 0.4 part of momordica grosvenori, 0.8 part of dioscorea opposita and 0.4 part of hyacinth bean, mixing, and crushing to obtain mixture powder with the particle size of 200 microns;

II, frying the mixture powder at 120 ℃ for 2.5min, adding 1.5 parts of refined honey, raising the temperature to 165 ℃, and finally adding 12 parts of wheat bran to fry the mixture powder without sticking to hands.

Preparation example 4

The preparation method of the honey-fried bran comprises the following steps: at 120 deg.C, adding 1.5 parts of refined honey, heating to 165 deg.C, adding 12 parts of testa Tritici, and parching to tack-free.