阅读说明：本技术 一种内齿轮旋铣机 (Internal gear rotary milling machine ) 是由 陶新根 闵中华 冯剑 陶海涛 于 2020-07-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种内齿轮旋铣机,包括主机,主机卧式立面布局,主机包括床身、X轴机构、Z轴机构、滑板、旋铣头和工作台,所述X轴机构、工作台分别安装在床身上,床身上安装有水平导轨副,水平导轨副上安装有立柱,Z轴机构安装在立柱上,立柱上安装有立柱导轨副,滑板安装在立柱导轨副上,旋铣头安装在滑板上,且滑板上装设有能够带动旋铣头作回转运动的A轴机构；本发明具有6个数控轴,实现5轴联动,传动链超短,特别是刀具主轴和工作台工件主轴采用直驱结构,传动精度超高。结构紧凑,整体刚性强,旋铣切削过程时间短,效率高,精度高实现连续切削；支持硬式旋铣加工,还可以集车、削、打孔、切齿等工艺进行复合加工。(The invention relates to an internal gear rotary milling machine, which comprises a host machine, wherein the host machine is arranged in a horizontal vertical plane and comprises a machine body, an X-axis mechanism, a Z-axis mechanism, a sliding plate, a rotary milling head and a workbench, the X-axis mechanism and the workbench are respectively arranged on the machine body, a horizontal guide rail pair is arranged on the machine body, a stand column is arranged on the horizontal guide rail pair, the Z-axis mechanism is arranged on the stand column, a stand column guide rail pair is arranged on the stand column, the sliding plate is arranged on the stand column guide rail pair, the rotary milling head is arranged on the sliding plate, and an A-axis mechanism capable of driving the rotary milling head to do rotary; the numerical control lathe is provided with 6 numerical control shafts, 5-shaft linkage is realized, a transmission chain is ultrashort, and particularly, a direct-drive structure is adopted for a tool main shaft and a workbench workpiece main shaft, so that the transmission precision is ultrahigh. The structure is compact, the integral rigidity is strong, the time of the rotary milling and cutting process is short, the efficiency is high, the precision is high, and the continuous cutting is realized; the hard type rotary milling is supported, and the combined machining can be carried out by combining the processes of turning, cutting, punching, gear cutting and the like.)

1. The utility model provides an internal gear rotary milling machine, includes the host computer, the horizontal facade overall arrangement of host computer, its characterized in that: the main machine comprises a machine body, an X-axis mechanism, a Z-axis mechanism, a sliding plate, a rotary milling head and a workbench, wherein the X-axis mechanism and the workbench are respectively arranged on the machine body;

the rotary milling head comprises a rotary disc assembly, a B-axis mechanism, a workpiece clamping mechanism and a Y-axis mechanism, the rotary disc assembly comprises a rotary disc, a main shaft body, an upper guide plate and a lower guide plate, the upper guide plate and the lower guide plate are respectively fixed on the rotary disc, a V-shaped female guide rail is formed between the upper guide plate and the lower guide plate, a row of positioning pistons are respectively arranged on the V-shaped side surfaces of the upper guide plate and the lower guide plate, and after the positioning pistons are filled with oil, the upper guide plate and the lower guide plate can tightly press the main shaft body; the cutter main shaft of the B-axis mechanism is arranged on the main shaft body in a matching way, and the B-axis mechanism drives the cutter main shaft to do rotary motion; the workpiece clamping mechanism is arranged in the middle inner cavity of the cutter main shaft; the Y-axis mechanism is arranged on the turntable assembly and drives a cutter on the rotary milling head to move tangentially;

the workbench comprises a workbench body, a C-axis mechanism and a workpiece clamping assembly, wherein the C-axis mechanism and the workpiece clamping assembly drive the workpiece indexing shaft to precisely rotate; the outer cover is fixedly provided with a flange plate, the flange plate is fixedly provided with a middle flange, the middle flange is fixedly provided with a taper outer sleeve, the large-diameter spring chuck is arranged in the taper outer sleeve, and the workpiece clamping assembly is arranged between the workbench body and the C-axis mechanism and can realize that a workpiece is clamped or loosened.

2. An internal gear rotary milling machine according to claim 1 wherein: the X-axis mechanism comprises an X-axis servo motor, an X-axis coupler, an X-axis worm gear shaft and an X-axis ball screw pair, the X-axis servo motor drives the X-axis worm to rotate through the X-axis coupler to drive the X-axis worm gear to rotate, the X-axis worm gear shaft drives the X-axis ball screw pair to move, and the vertical column is driven to reciprocate on the horizontal guide rail pair.

3. An internal gear rotary milling machine according to claim 1 wherein: the Z-axis mechanism comprises a Z-axis servo motor, a Z-axis speed reducer and a Z-axis ball screw pair, the Z-axis servo motor is installed on the Z-axis speed reducer, the Z-axis servo motor drives the Z-axis ball screw pair to move through the Z-axis speed reducer, and a sliding plate and a rotary milling head are driven to achieve vertical feeding movement.

4. An internal gear rotary milling machine according to claim 1 wherein: the A-axis mechanism comprises an A-axis servo motor, an A-axis speed reducer and an A-axis worm gear pair, the A-axis servo motor is installed on the A-axis speed reducer, and the A-axis servo motor drives the A-axis worm gear pair to move through the A-axis speed reducer to drive the rotary milling head to do rotary motion.

5. An internal gear rotary milling machine according to claim 1 wherein: . The workpiece clamping mechanism comprises a pull rod, a front sleeve, a disc spring, a rear sleeve and a cutter bar connector, a blind hole is formed in the inner side of the rear portion of the cutter main shaft, the rear sleeve and the front sleeve are arranged in the blind hole, the disc spring is arranged between the rear sleeve and the front sleeve, the pull rod penetrates through the rear sleeve, the disc spring and the front sleeve, the front portion of the pull rod penetrates through the cutter main shaft, the front end of the pull rod is connected with the cutter bar connector, and a hydraulic tensioning mechanism capable of pushing the pull rod to move is arranged at the rear portion of.

6. An internal gear rotary milling machine according to claim 5 wherein: the hydraulic tensioning mechanism comprises an oil cylinder body, a hydraulic tensioning piston and an oil cylinder cover, wherein the oil cylinder body is installed at the rear end of the main shaft body through a second flange, the oil cylinder body is internally provided with the hydraulic tensioning piston, the oil cylinder cover is fastened at the rear end of the oil cylinder body, and a hydraulic cavity is formed between the oil cylinder cover and the hydraulic tensioning piston.

7. An internal gear rotary milling machine according to claim 1 wherein: the B-axis mechanism comprises a cutter main shaft, a cutter high-speed main shaft motor, a cutter absolute encoder and a workpiece clamping mechanism arranged in the middle inner cavity of the cutter main shaft, the cutter main shaft is arranged in the main shaft body in a matched mode through a bearing, the built-in cutter high-speed main shaft motor is arranged at the rear portion of the cutter main shaft, and the cutter absolute encoder is arranged at the tail end of the cutter main shaft.

8. An internal gear rotary milling machine according to claim 1 wherein: the Y-axis mechanism comprises a Y-axis servo motor, a Y-axis worm gear shaft, a Y-axis screw nut and a nut support, an output shaft of the Y-axis servo motor is connected with the Y-axis worm, the Y-axis worm is installed on the turntable and meshed with the Y-axis worm gear, the Y-axis worm gear is installed on the Y-axis worm gear shaft, the Y-axis worm gear shaft is installed on the turntable, the Y-axis screw nut is installed on the nut support in a matched mode, and the nut support is installed on the main shaft body.

9. An internal gear rotary milling machine according to claim 1 wherein: the C-axis mechanism comprises a workpiece high-speed spindle motor and a workpiece spindle, the workpiece high-speed spindle motor is arranged in the workbench body, a rotor of the workpiece high-speed spindle motor is tightly sleeved on the workpiece spindle, a stator of the workpiece high-speed spindle motor is arranged in an inner cavity of the workbench body, the stator is fastened on a connecting disc, and the connecting disc is fastened on the workbench body; a lower flange is arranged on the connecting disc, and a radial bearing is arranged in the lower flange to support the lower end of a main shaft of a workpiece; and the outer end of the lower flange is provided with a workpiece absolute encoder.

10. An internal gear rotary milling machine according to claim 1 wherein: the workpiece clamping assembly comprises a workpiece clamping piston, a tray, a circular flange plate, a taper sleeve, a taper ring, a long shaft, a connecting sleeve, an oil cylinder connecting plate and a high-speed rotary oil cylinder; a taper ring is arranged between the middle flange, the taper outer sleeve and the spring chuck; a workpiece clamping piston is fixed in the outer cover; a circular flange plate is connected inside the flange plate; the long shaft penetrates through the workpiece clamping piston and the workpiece main shaft, the upper end of the long shaft is connected with a connecting shaft, and the lower part of the long shaft penetrates through the workbench body; the connecting shaft is fixedly connected with the tray, the circular flange plate and the taper ring can tension or loosen the spring chuck by pulling the workpiece clamping piston, and the workpiece is clamped or loosened; the circular flange plate is connected with a taper sleeve, and the taper sleeve is positioned inside the spring chuck; the upper end of the connecting shaft is connected with a spring chuck; the lower part of the long shaft is connected with a connecting sleeve, the lower part of the connecting sleeve is connected with an oil cylinder connecting disc, and a high-speed rotary oil cylinder is connected in the oil cylinder connecting disc.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of rotary milling machine equipment, in particular to a numerical control high-efficiency ultra-precise internal gear rotary milling machine.

Background

Because the internal gear machining is continuous combined machining, the cutter on the rotary milling head does not only rotate but also does tangential motion, and the precise machining of the internal gear can be completed only when the two motions are combined and carried out simultaneously. In the process of cutting the internal gear by rotary milling, the time is short, continuous cutting is realized, the rigidity of a machine tool is poor, slight shock occurs at any part, and the cutter not only can break teeth, but also seriously influences the machining precision of the gear.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides an internal gear rotary milling machine which is provided with 6 numerical control shafts, realizes 5-shaft linkage and has an ultra-short transmission chain, particularly adopts a direct-drive structure for a tool main shaft and a workbench workpiece main shaft, and has ultrahigh transmission precision. The rotary milling and cutting process is short in time, high in efficiency and precision and capable of achieving continuous cutting.

The technical solution of the invention is as follows:

the utility model provides an internal gear mills machine soon, includes the host computer, the horizontal facade overall arrangement of host computer, the host computer includes lathe bed, X axle mechanism, Z axle mechanism, slide, revolves cutter head and workstation, X axle mechanism, workstation are installed respectively on the lathe bed, and it is vice to install the horizontal guide rail on the lathe bed, installs the stand on the horizontal guide rail is vice, and Z axle mechanism installs on the stand, installs stand guide rail pair on the stand, and the slide is installed on stand guide rail pair, and Z axle mechanism drives the slide and revolves the cutter head and realize vertical feed motion, revolves the cutter head and installs on the slide, and the slide facial make-up be equipped with can drive revolve the cutter head and make rotary motion's A axle mechanism.

The rotary milling head comprises a rotary disc assembly, a B-axis mechanism, a workpiece clamping mechanism and a Y-axis mechanism, the rotary disc assembly comprises a rotary disc, a main shaft body, an upper guide plate and a lower guide plate, the upper guide plate and the lower guide plate are respectively fixed on the rotary disc, a V-shaped female guide rail is formed between the upper guide plate and the lower guide plate, a row of positioning pistons are respectively arranged on the V-shaped side surfaces of the upper guide plate and the lower guide plate, and after the positioning pistons are filled with oil, the upper guide plate and the lower guide plate can tightly press the main shaft body; the cutter main shaft of the B-axis mechanism is arranged on the main shaft body in a matching way, and the B-axis mechanism drives the cutter main shaft to do rotary motion; the workpiece clamping mechanism is arranged in the middle inner cavity of the cutter main shaft; the Y-axis mechanism is arranged on the turntable assembly and drives a cutter on the rotary milling head to move tangentially.

Preferably, the workbench comprises a workbench body, a C-axis mechanism and a workpiece clamping assembly, wherein the C-axis mechanism and the workpiece clamping assembly drive the workpiece indexing shaft to precisely rotate; the outer cover is fixedly provided with a flange plate, the flange plate is fixedly provided with a middle flange, the middle flange is fixedly provided with a taper outer sleeve, the large-diameter spring chuck is arranged in the taper outer sleeve, and the workpiece clamping assembly is arranged between the workbench body and the C-axis mechanism and can realize that a workpiece is clamped or loosened.

Preferably, the X-axis mechanism comprises an X-axis servo motor, an X-axis coupler, an X-axis worm gear shaft and an X-axis ball screw pair, the X-axis servo motor drives the X-axis worm to rotate through the X-axis coupler to drive the X-axis worm gear to rotate, the X-axis worm gear shaft drives the X-axis ball screw pair to move, and the vertical column is driven to reciprocate on the horizontal guide rail pair.

Preferably, the Z-axis mechanism comprises a Z-axis servo motor, a Z-axis reducer and a Z-axis ball screw pair, the Z-axis servo motor is installed on the Z-axis reducer, and the Z-axis servo motor drives the Z-axis ball screw pair to move through the Z-axis reducer, so that the sliding plate and the rotary milling head are driven to realize vertical feeding movement.

Preferably, the a-axis mechanism comprises an a-axis servo motor, an a-axis reducer and an a-axis worm gear pair, the a-axis servo motor is mounted on the a-axis reducer, and the a-axis servo motor drives the a-axis worm gear pair to move through the a-axis reducer to drive the rotary milling head to perform rotary motion.

Preferably, the workpiece clamping mechanism comprises a pull rod, a front sleeve, a disc spring, a rear sleeve and a cutter bar connector, a blind hole is formed in the inner side of the rear portion of the cutter spindle, the rear sleeve and the front sleeve are arranged in the blind hole, the disc spring is installed between the rear sleeve and the front sleeve, the pull rod penetrates through the rear sleeve, the disc spring and the front sleeve, the front portion of the pull rod penetrates through the cutter spindle, the front end of the pull rod is connected with the cutter bar connector, and a hydraulic tensioning mechanism capable of pushing the pull rod to move is installed at the rear portion of the spindle body.

Preferably, the hydraulic tensioning mechanism comprises an oil cylinder body, a hydraulic tensioning piston and an oil cylinder cover, the oil cylinder body is mounted at the rear end of the main shaft body through a second flange, the hydraulic tensioning piston is arranged in the oil cylinder body, the oil cylinder cover is fastened at the rear end of the oil cylinder body, and a hydraulic cavity is formed between the oil cylinder cover and the hydraulic tensioning piston.

Preferably, the B-axis mechanism comprises a cutter spindle, a cutter high-speed spindle motor, a cutter absolute encoder and a workpiece clamping mechanism arranged in a middle inner cavity of the cutter spindle, the cutter spindle is arranged in the spindle body in a matched mode through a bearing, the built-in cutter high-speed spindle motor is arranged at the rear portion of the cutter spindle, and the cutter absolute encoder is arranged at the tail end of the cutter spindle.

Preferably, the Y-axis mechanism comprises a Y-axis servo motor, a Y-axis worm gear shaft, a Y-axis screw nut and a nut support, an output shaft of the Y-axis servo motor is connected with the Y-axis worm, the Y-axis worm is mounted on the turntable, the Y-axis worm is meshed with the Y-axis worm gear, the Y-axis worm gear is mounted on the Y-axis worm gear shaft, the Y-axis worm gear shaft is mounted on the turntable, the Y-axis screw nut is mounted on the nut support in a matched manner, and the nut support is mounted on the main shaft body.

Preferably, the C-axis mechanism comprises a workpiece high-speed spindle motor and a workpiece spindle, the workpiece high-speed spindle motor is arranged in the workbench body, a rotor of the workpiece high-speed spindle motor is tightly sleeved on the workpiece spindle, a stator of the workpiece high-speed spindle motor is arranged in an inner cavity of the workbench body, the stator is fastened on a connecting disc, and the connecting disc is fastened on the workbench body; a lower flange is arranged on the connecting disc, and a radial bearing is arranged in the lower flange to support the lower end of a main shaft of a workpiece; and the outer end of the lower flange is provided with a workpiece absolute encoder.

Preferably, the workpiece clamping assembly comprises a workpiece clamping piston, a tray, a circular flange plate, a taper sleeve, a taper ring, a long shaft, a connecting sleeve, an oil cylinder connecting plate and a high-speed rotary oil cylinder; a taper ring is arranged between the middle flange, the taper outer sleeve and the spring chuck; a workpiece clamping piston is fixed in the outer cover; a circular flange plate is connected inside the flange plate; the long shaft penetrates through the workpiece clamping piston and the workpiece main shaft, the upper end of the long shaft is connected with a connecting shaft, and the lower part of the long shaft penetrates through the workbench body; the connecting shaft is fixedly connected with the tray, the circular flange plate and the taper ring can tension or loosen the spring chuck by pulling the workpiece clamping piston, and the workpiece is clamped or loosened; the circular flange plate is connected with a taper sleeve, and the taper sleeve is positioned inside the spring chuck; the upper end of the connecting shaft is connected with a spring chuck; the lower part of the long shaft is connected with a connecting sleeve, the lower part of the connecting sleeve is connected with an oil cylinder connecting disc, and a high-speed rotary oil cylinder is connected in the oil cylinder connecting disc.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the host machine is in horizontal vertical layout, and has a compact structure and high overall rigidity. The host computer includes the lathe bed, X axle mechanism, Z axle mechanism, the slide, mill head and workstation soon, X axle mechanism, the workstation is installed respectively on the lathe bed, it is vice to install the horizontal guide rail on the lathe bed, install the stand on the horizontal guide rail is vice, Z axle mechanism installs on the stand, it is vice to install the stand guide rail on the stand, the slide is installed on the stand guide rail is vice, Z axle mechanism drives the slide and mills the head soon and realize vertical feed motion, mill head installs on the slide soon, and the slide facial make-up is equipped with the A axle mechanism that can drive mill head soon and make rotary motion. The numerical control lathe is provided with 6 numerical control shafts, 5-shaft linkage is realized, a transmission chain is ultrashort, and particularly, a direct-drive structure is adopted for a tool main shaft and a workbench workpiece main shaft, so that the transmission precision is ultrahigh. The rotary milling and cutting process is short in time, high in efficiency and high in precision, the male guide rails of the horizontal guide rail pairs and the upright guide rail pairs are continuously cut and are made of large-size rectangular steel-inlaid guide rails, the female guide rails are made of injection molding guide rails, the friction coefficient between the guide rail pairs is greatly lower than 0.015, more importantly, the guide rails can obtain extremely high rigidity, and the requirements of a machine tool for cutting internal gears by high-speed heavy load rotary scraping are completely met.

The processing mode which can be realized by the invention is as follows: the invention adopts a novel processing mode of the gear turning cutter, namely a direct driving mode of the cutter shaft and the built-in motor of the workbench, effectively shortens the processing time of an internal gear, and compared with a gear shaping machine, the invention can realize the simplification of rotary milling processing, in particular to the processing of a helical gear. The invention can process precise straight tooth and helical tooth internal gear at high speed. The invention can perform hard type rotary milling processing and support high-precision processing of the quenched gear. The invention can realize excellent human-computer interface function by using the dialogue type operation picture. The invention can utilize a special technology to increase the functions of turning and drilling on the basis of rotary milling. The precision of the machine tool for machining the internal gear is 5-6 (GB/T10095-88). The tooth surface roughness is Ra0.8 or less. The processing speed can be shortened to 1/5 compared with the traditional gear shaping processing. In order to meet further market demands, the machine has the flexibility suitable for various production, the operation is more efficient, the cost is reduced, the space is saved, and the like. The control system of the machine adopts a German Siemens 828 numerical control system, and has high reliability.

The invention can realize high-efficiency and high-precision processing, realizes the minimum level of installation space, and reduces the equipment installation space by 60 percent (the floor area is 24 to 9.7 square meters). The rotary milling machine is suitable for machining gears with the diameter of 300mm, and the minimum level of installation space in the world is realized. The processing capacity of the invention is as follows: the maximum workpiece diameter is phi 300 mm; the maximum processing workpiece modulus is 4 mm; the inclination of the main shaft of the cutter is +/-30 deg; machining 3000 teeth in the tooth number; the maximum rotating speed of the workpiece spindle is 1500 rpm; the processing range is as follows: the center distance between the cutter and the workpiece is 0-280 mm; the distance between the rotation center of the tool spindle and the end face of the workpiece spindle is 75-355 mm;

the taper HSK-A100 of the tool core shaft mounting part; workpiece spindle: the diameter phi of the upper surface of the workpiece spindle is 350 mm; the diameter of the main shaft hole of the workpiece is phi 75 mm; cutting speed and feed: the rotating speed of the cutter is 200-2500 rpm; the fast-forward speed of the X axis is 10000 mm/min; the X-axis feeding amount is 280 mm; the Z-axis fast forward speed is 6000 mm/min; the Z-axis feeding amount is 280 mm; the Y-axis fast-forward speed is 1000 mm/min; the Y-axis feeding amount is 0-110 mm; the A-axis fast forward speed is 600 deg/min.

Drawings

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the whole machine of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a left side view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a right side view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a host according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the rotary milling head of the present invention;

3 FIG. 36 3 is 3 a 3 cross 3- 3 sectional 3 view 3 A 3- 3 A 3 of 3 FIG. 35 3; 3

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 5;

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of C-C of FIG. 5;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a work table of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view of D-D in fig. 9.

Detailed Description