阅读说明：本技术 一种复方大蒜提取物的制备方法及提取物的使用方法 (Preparation method of compound garlic extract and application method of extract ) 是由 杨宪勇 张奎昌 于 2020-06-03 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种复方大蒜提取物的制备方法及提取物的使用方法。复方大蒜提取物的制备方法：原料处理步骤：将所述的大蒜和蒲公英药材原料进行干燥后粉碎处理；成糊步骤：将粉碎后的药材原料,加水调成糊状物；发酵步骤：在糊状物中加入发酵菌种进行发酵,获得发酵产物；有机提取步骤：在发酵物中加入有机溶剂进行提取,经浸提、过滤、浓缩获得药材原料有机提取物；无机提取步骤：将有机提取步骤的滤渣,加入无机溶剂(水)进行提取,经浸提、过滤、浓缩获得药材原料无机提取物；混合步骤：将有机提取物与无机提取物按等重量比例混合,拌匀,获得相应的复方大蒜提取物。为大蒜具有保健和促生长功效的产品在养殖业中的应用提供了新的方法和新的产品。(The invention provides a preparation method of a compound garlic extract and a use method of the extract. The preparation method of the compound garlic extract comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: drying and crushing the raw materials of the garlic and the dandelion; paste forming: adding water into the crushed medicinal raw materials to prepare paste; a fermentation step: adding fermentation strains into the paste for fermentation to obtain a fermentation product; organic extraction step: adding an organic solvent into the fermentation product for extraction, and extracting, filtering and concentrating to obtain a medicinal material raw material organic extract; inorganic extraction step: adding inorganic solvent (water) into the filter residue obtained in the organic extraction step for extraction, and extracting, filtering and concentrating to obtain inorganic extract of the medicinal material; mixing: mixing the organic extract and the inorganic extract according to equal weight proportion, and stirring uniformly to obtain the corresponding compound garlic extract. Provides a new method and a new product for applying the garlic product with health care and growth promotion effects in the breeding industry.)

1. A preparation method of compound garlic extract, is prepared from medicinal materials of garlic and dandelion according to the weight ratio of 2: 1, preparing; the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps:

step (1), processing raw materials of medicinal materials: the medicinal raw materials of garlic and dandelion are dried and then crushed;

the raw material paste forming step:

step (2), paste-forming of the raw materials: adding water into the crushed medicinal raw materials to prepare paste;

a fermentation step:

fermenting in step (3): adding fermentation strains into the paste obtained in the step (2), and fermenting to obtain a fermentation product; the fermentation strain adopts brewer's yeast, and the inoculation amount of the brewer's yeast is 8.5-10.5% of the weight of the medicinal material; in the fermentation step, the fermentation temperature is 24-26 ℃, and the fermentation is continued for 144-168 hours at a slow speed;

organic leaching step:

organic leaching in step (4): adding an organic solvent into the fermentation product obtained in the step (3) for leaching to obtain an organic solvent extract; the organic solvent is selected from ethanol or propylene glycol or the aqueous solution of the ethanol and the propylene glycol; the weight of the added organic solution is 12-15 times of the weight of the medicinal raw materials, and the leaching time lasts for 18-24 hours at the temperature of 42-52 ℃;

concentration step I:

and (5) concentrating: concentrating the extracting solution obtained by leaching the organic solution obtained in the step (4) to further obtain a concentrated organic extract of the medicinal raw materials, wherein the weight of the concentrated organic extract is 0.5-1.0 time of that of the medicinal raw materials;

inorganic leaching:

step (6), inorganic leaching: adding an inorganic solvent into the filter residue obtained after the organic solution extraction and filtration in the step (4) for leaching to obtain an inorganic solvent extract; in the inorganic extraction step, the aqueous solution is selected from an acidic aqueous solution, and the pH value of the acidic aqueous solution is 2.9-3.4; adjusting the test solution of the acidic aqueous solution to be aqueous solution of dilute hydrochloric acid or dilute sulfuric acid; the weight of the added acidic aqueous solution is 5-10 times of the weight of the medicinal raw materials, and the leaching time lasts for 1.5-3 hours at the temperature of 100-110 ℃;

and (2) concentration step II:

and (7) concentrating: concentrating the extracting solution obtained by leaching the aqueous solution obtained in the step (6) to further obtain a concentrated inorganic extract of the medicinal material, wherein the weight of the concentrated inorganic extract is 0.5-1.0 time that of the medicinal material;

mixing:

mixing in step (8): and (4) mixing the organic extracts of the medicinal raw materials obtained in the step (6) and the inorganic extracts of the medicinal raw materials obtained in the step (7) according to equal weight proportion, and uniformly stirring to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine composition.

2. The method for preparing a compound garlic extract according to claim 1, wherein in the raw material processing step, the medicinal raw materials of garlic and dandelion are dried and then crushed, and the drying is carried out by microwave drying; the particle size of the crushed particles is 150-180 μm.

3. The method for preparing compound garlic extract according to claim 1, wherein in the step of forming paste from raw materials, the amount of water added is 2 to 5 times of the weight of the raw materials.

4. The method for preparing compound garlic extract according to claim 1, further comprising a filtering step after the organic leaching and inorganic leaching steps, wherein the extract of the raw material of the medicinal material is filtered to obtain a corresponding filtrate, and the size of the mesh is 25 μm to 35 μm by adopting a screen filtering method;

after the organic leaching and the inorganic leaching, the method also comprises a concentration step of respectively concentrating the filtrate to further obtain concentrated organic extracts and inorganic extracts of the medicinal materials, wherein the weight of the concentrated organic extracts and inorganic extracts of the medicinal materials is 0.5 to 1.0 time of that of the medicinal materials.

5. The method for preparing the compound garlic extract according to claim 4, wherein in the concentration step, the concentration pressure of the organic solution leaching liquor is 0.02-0.085 MPa, and the concentration temperature is 45-65 ℃; the concentration pressure of the aqueous solution leaching liquor is 0.05-0.1 MPa, and the concentration temperature is 65-100 ℃.

6. A compound garlic extract obtained by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. The use method of the compound garlic extract as claimed in claim 6, which comprises the following steps:

a dilution step: diluting the compound garlic extract with an inorganic or organic carrier to obtain a premix; the inorganic or organic carrier is any one of shell powder, mountain flour, calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, silicon dioxide, argil, talcum powder, vermiculite powder, attapulgite powder, kaolin, starch, corn flour, wheat middling, corn cob powder, wheat bran, defatted rice bran, rice hull powder, soybean hull powder or plant grass powder, or a mixture of any two or more of the above materials; the dilution multiple is 5-10 times;

an application step: the obtained premix is diluted and applied to the compound feed of livestock, poultry and aquaculture animals.

8. The method of using compound garlic extract as claimed in claim 7, wherein in the step of administering, the diluted premix is 0.5% to 1.0% by weight of the formula feed.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of feed production and processing, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a garlic extract and an application method of the garlic extract in the field of feed processing.

Background

Garlic is the subterranean bulb of garlic (Allium Sativum L.) belonging to the genus Allium of the family Liliaceae. Garlic has been used as vegetable and condiment since ancient times, but its medicinal value is recorded in Egypt, India and China in 5000 years of history. The theory of traditional Chinese medicine considers that the garlic has pungent and warm taste and has unique efficacies of activating qi stagnation, warming spleen and stomach, detoxifying, killing insects and the like. The garlic is widely applied to health-care food in medical science besides being used as a traditional Chinese medicine for treatment, and is also widely used as one of veterinary medicines, and is mainly used for treating slow grass eating failure, abdominal distension and pain, lower diseases, abdominal pain due to parasitic infestation, fish enteritis and the like in veterinary medicines. Garlic is already recorded in pharmacopoeia of the people's republic of China. In recent years, because people have been intensively studied on the nutrition and medicinal efficacy of garlic, garlic is widely used for preventing and treating diseases, promoting growth and improving the quality of meat and eggs in animal breeding. The garlic is smashed and taken in the past, and the garlic powder, garlic extract, garlic tincture, garlic injection, garlic feed additive and other preparation varieties are continuously emerged, so that the garlic is an important product which is not negligible in the healthy development of animal breeding industry. In the future limited use of antibiotics in the breeding industry, the garlic preparation product with the nutrition effect and the antibacterial and bacteriostatic effects has important significance for the development of the breeding industry.

The garlic and dandelion which has the functions of clearing away heat and toxic materials, reducing swelling and resolving masses, and inducing diuresis for treating stranguria are used together to prepare the extract, and the extract is used as a premix to be added into a compound feed for application.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a compound garlic extract and a use method of the extract, so that garlic and dandelion are effectively treated, a better extract is obtained, the extract can be applied to the field of compound feed processing, the quality of the compound feed is finally improved, the nutrition and the health care of the compound feed on cultured animals are improved, the growth is promoted, and the beneficial effects of non-resistance and non-residue green culture are promoted.

In order to realize the invention, the following technical scheme is adopted:

a preparation method of compound garlic extract, is prepared from medicinal materials of garlic and dandelion according to the weight ratio of 2: 1, preparing; the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps:

step (1), processing raw materials of medicinal materials: the medicinal raw materials of garlic and dandelion are dried and then crushed;

the drying can be generally realized by adopting an electric heating oven for drying, far infrared drying, freeze drying and microwave drying; however, in view of economic cost and avoidance or reduction of loss of active ingredients of the dried medicinal raw materials, the present invention preferably uses microwave drying;

the particle size of the crushed powder is 150-180 mu m;

the raw material paste forming step:

step (2), paste-forming of the raw materials: adding water into the crushed medicinal raw materials to prepare paste;

preferably, in the step of forming the raw materials into paste, the amount of the added water is 2 to 5 times of the weight of the raw materials.

A fermentation step:

fermenting in step (3): adding fermentation strains into the paste obtained in the step (2), and fermenting to obtain a fermentation product;

the fermentation strain adopts brewer's yeast, and the inoculation amount of the brewer's yeast is 8.5-10.5% of the weight of the medicinal material.

According to the invention, the brewing yeast is adopted to ferment the medicinal raw materials, so that macromolecular substances in the medicinal raw materials can be degraded, and corresponding components can generate abundant B vitamins through biochemical reaction in the metabolic process of the yeast, so that macromolecular proteins are degraded into amino acids; inverted sugar and more flavor substances are accumulated, and the fermentation cost is relatively low.

In the fermentation step, the preferable fermentation temperature is 24-26 ℃, and the slow fermentation is continued for 144-168 hours.

Organic leaching step:

organic leaching in step (4): adding an organic solvent into the fermentation product obtained in the step (3) for leaching to obtain an organic solvent extract;

organic extraction is adopted, so that organic components, fat, volatile oil and fermented aroma substances in the medicinal raw materials can be extracted with high efficiency, a corresponding organic solvent extract is obtained, the fermented aroma substances can be dissolved in water, ethanol, propylene glycol or low-concentration ethanol solution, and the ethanol solution with the weight percentage of 55-75% is generally adopted.

In the organic extraction step, the organic solvent is selected from ethanol, propylene glycol or aqueous solution of the ethanol and the propylene glycol; the weight of the added organic solution is 12-15 times of the weight of the medicinal raw materials, and the leaching time lasts for 18-24 hours at the temperature of 42-52 ℃.

In the organic leaching step, after the leaching step, filtering the organic extract of the medicinal material raw material to obtain corresponding filtrate.

The filtration is carried out by adopting a screen with the aperture of 25-35 mu m; the filter residue is reserved for use.

Concentration step I:

and (5) concentrating: and (4) concentrating the extracting solution obtained by leaching the organic solution obtained in the step (4) to further obtain a concentrated organic extract of the medicinal material, wherein the weight of the concentrated organic extract is 0.5-1.0 time of that of the medicinal material.

In the concentration step, the preferable concentration pressure is 0.02-0.085 MPa, and the concentration temperature is 45-65 ℃.

Inorganic leaching:

step (6), inorganic leaching: adding an inorganic solvent into the filter residue obtained after the organic solution extraction and filtration in the step (4) for leaching to obtain an inorganic solvent extract;

the inorganic solvent extraction is aqueous solution extraction, substances which are soluble in water but insoluble in organic solvents can be further extracted with corresponding efficiency, particularly, minerals, sugars and polysaccharides which are soluble in water can be fully extracted, which is very important for ensuring that the nutritional ingredients of the medicinal material are fully utilized, and in order to ensure that the medicinal material is more fully extracted by water, the extraction aqueous solution is acidified by dilute hydrochloric acid or dilute sulfuric acid aqueous solution, so that the extraction efficiency is improved.

Preferably, in the inorganic extraction step, the aqueous solution is an acidic aqueous solution, and the pH value of the acidic aqueous solution is 2.9-3.4; adjusting the test solution of the acidic aqueous solution to be aqueous solution of dilute hydrochloric acid or dilute sulfuric acid; the weight of the added acidic aqueous solution is 5-10 times of the weight of the medicinal raw materials, and the leaching time lasts for 1.5-3 hours at the temperature of 100-110 ℃.

Wherein, in the leaching, different polar solutions are selected, which is beneficial to extracting substances with different polarities and dissolubility in the medicinal raw materials.

In the inorganic leaching step, after the leaching step, filtering the inorganic extract of the medicinal raw material to obtain corresponding filtrate.

The filtration is carried out by adopting a screen with the aperture of 25-35 mu m.

And (2) concentration step II:

and (7) concentrating: and (4) concentrating the extracting solution obtained by leaching the aqueous solution obtained in the step (6) to further obtain a concentrated inorganic extract of the medicinal material, wherein the weight of the concentrated inorganic extract is 0.5-1.0 time of that of the medicinal material.

In the concentration step, the preferable concentration pressure is 0.05-0.1 MPa, and the concentration temperature is 65-100 ℃.

Mixing:

mixing in step (8): and (4) mixing the organic extracts of the medicinal raw materials obtained in the step (6) and the inorganic extracts of the medicinal raw materials obtained in the step (7) according to equal weight proportion, and uniformly stirring to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine composition.

The invention also provides a compound garlic extract obtained by the preparation method.

The invention also provides a using method of the compound garlic extract, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

a dilution step: adding the compound garlic extract into a premix carrier, namely a diluent, and diluting to obtain a premix;

an application step: and uniformly applying the premix into a compound feed.

The premix carrier is generally inorganic or organic substances which are allowed to be used for feeding in the feed industry, wherein the inorganic carrier is any one of shell powder, stone powder, calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, silica, pottery clay, talcum powder, vermiculite powder, attapulgite powder and kaolin, or a mixture of any two or more of the above materials; wherein the organic carrier can be selected from starch, corn flour, wheat middling, corn cob powder, wheat bran, defatted rice bran, rice hull powder, soybean hull powder or plant grass powder, or mixture of any two or more of the above.

Preferably, the dilution times in the dilution step are 5-10 times.

In the above application compound feed, the compound feed is a complete compound feed for feeding animals; the animals comprise livestock and poultry such as sheep, cattle, pigs, rabbits, chickens, ducks, geese, fishes, shrimps and the like and aquaculture animals.

Because the compound garlic extract has difference, for example, the concentration multiple of the organic extract and the inorganic extract of the concentrated medicinal material raw materials has larger difference, the dilution multiple can be selected according to actual conditions in use.

In the above step, preferably, the diluted premix is 0.5 to 1.0% by weight of the compound feed.

The invention has the following advantages and effects:

1. the compound garlic extract provided by the invention takes garlic and dandelion as raw materials, the garlic and the dandelion are ground into fine powder, water is added to the fine powder to be mixed into paste, then active brewing yeast is added to perform low-temperature slow fermentation, the yeast metabolism is vigorous in the fermentation process, the fermented product is pure in color and luster, soft in flavor, rich in fragrance and better in palatability, and the yeast fermentation metabolic process can generate fragrance and nutrient substances such as ester aromatic substances, B vitamins, amino acids and the like, so that the nutritional value effect of the fermented product is improved, the special smell of the product is improved to different degrees, the flavor of the product is improved, and the palatability of bred animals is increased.

The invention provides a new preparation method for garlic utilization, and provides a new method and a new product for application of garlic which is a product with health care and growth promotion effects in animal breeding industry.

2. According to the method, the garlic and dandelion raw materials are fermented by active saccharomycetes and then are respectively extracted by using the organic solvent and water, so that organic or inorganic components in the medicinal materials can be extracted to the maximum extent, the application effect of the medicinal materials can be ensured, the medicinal material raw materials are saved, the application cost is reduced, and the economic value is improved.

3. The compound garlic extract prepared by the invention can be directly mixed in feed for application, and simultaneously provides more convenient use conditions for drinking water and feeding for animals, and a user can take the compound garlic extract and add the compound garlic extract into water for drinking and feeding for livestock and poultry according to the package instruction provided by a manufacturer. The extract is diluted by using an organic or inorganic carrier, so that the extract can be quantitatively supplied to compound feed processing enterprises for use in large quantities, the stability of the extract is guaranteed, the carrier is added to play a role in carrying and increasing active ingredient particles of the extract, the extract and the compound feed can be uniformly mixed in a dispersing way, the good state and the higher stability of the finished compound garlic extract are guaranteed, and the quality control of the feed processing enterprises is facilitated.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.