阅读说明：本技术 一种大跨度异型拱结构的3d打印自锁装配建造方法 (3D printing self-locking assembly construction method for large-span special-shaped arch structure ) 是由 王里 马国伟 于 2020-05-14 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种大跨度异型拱结构的3D打印自锁装配建造方法,包括以下步骤：(1)将大跨度异型拱结构由一端至另一端分为若干个依次相连的子拱圈,且任意相邻的两个子拱圈能够自锁；(2)完成每个子拱圈的打印轮廓设计,并输出为混凝土3D打印机可读取的数据,导入打印机。(3)3D打印每个子拱圈的外壳模板,以及外壳模板的封底,并洒水养护28天；(4)制作钢筋笼,并将钢筋笼设置在对应的外壳模板内,然后在外壳模板内浇筑混凝土,振捣；(5)将各个子拱圈运至施工现场,按照从接近桥台至远离桥台的顺序依次吊装子拱圈,直至全拱装配完成。本发明有效降低了大跨度异型拱结构3D打印的建造难度,提高了大跨度异型拱结构的建造效率。(The invention discloses a 3D printing self-locking assembly construction method of a large-span special-shaped arch structure, which comprises the following steps of: (1) dividing the large-span special-shaped arch structure into a plurality of sub-arch rings which are sequentially connected from one end to the other end, wherein any two adjacent sub-arch rings can be self-locked; (2) and finishing the printing contour design of each sub-arch ring, outputting data which can be read by a concrete 3D printer, and importing the data into the printer. (3)3D printing the shell template of each sub-arch ring and the back cover of the shell template, and watering and maintaining for 28 days; (4) manufacturing a reinforcement cage, arranging the reinforcement cage in a corresponding shell template, then pouring concrete in the shell template, and vibrating; (5) and (4) transporting each sub-arch ring to a construction site, and sequentially hoisting the sub-arch rings from the part close to the abutment to the part far away from the abutment until the whole arch assembly is completed. The invention effectively reduces the construction difficulty of 3D printing of the large-span special-shaped arch structure and improves the construction efficiency of the large-span special-shaped arch structure.)

1. A3D printing self-locking assembly construction method of a large-span special-shaped arch structure is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) dividing the large-span special-shaped arch structure into a plurality of sub-arch rings which are sequentially connected from one end to the other end, wherein any two adjacent sub-arch rings can be self-locked;

(2) and finishing the printing contour design of each sub-arch ring, outputting data which can be read by a concrete 3D printer, and importing the data into the printer.

(3)3D printing a shell template of each sub-arch ring and the back cover of the shell template, and watering and maintaining for 28 days;

(4) designing a reinforcement cage of each shell template according to the stress condition of each shell template, then manufacturing the reinforcement cage, arranging the reinforcement cage in the corresponding shell template, then pouring concrete in the shell template, vibrating, and watering and maintaining for 28 days to obtain each sub-arch ring;

(5) the sub-arch rings are transported to a construction site, the sub-arch rings are sequentially hoisted from a position close to an abutment to a position far away from the abutment, and an adhesive material is coated on the contact surfaces of the sub-arch rings and the adjacent sub-arch rings, so that the two adjacent sub-arch rings can be fully adhered and self-locked until the full-arch assembly is completed; after the bond strength is established, the build process is complete.

2. The 3D printing self-locking assembly construction method of the large-span special-shaped arch structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: two adjacent sub-arch rings are meshed through a self-locking structure, and the self-locking structure is a V-shaped interface.

3. The 3D printing self-locking assembly construction method of the large-span special-shaped arch structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the number of the sub-arch rings is 3.

4. The 3D printing self-locking assembly construction method of the large-span special-shaped arch structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the adhesive material is an epoxy-based interfacial adhesive material.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of constructional engineering, in particular to a 3D printing self-locking assembly construction method of a large-span special-shaped arch structure.

Background

With the development of concrete fabricated construction technology based on 3D printing technology, its application in the bridge construction field is also being tried continuously. With the continuous exploration of the application of the concrete 3D printing technology in the bridge field, the maximization of the concrete 3D printing bridge is a necessary development trend.

For the construction of a large-span special-shaped arch structure, two schemes can be realized at present:

(1) traditional building technology does not use 3D to print:

in the existing assembly type bridge construction process, the sub-arch ring is constructed in a mode of firstly supporting a steel mould → then pouring concrete. Namely, according to the size and the shape of the required sub-arch ring, a steel template is built, and then concrete is poured for molding.

The disadvantages of such a process: large cost, long time, low efficiency and large dependence of manual labor. The construction method consumes high economic cost and time cost, and is mainly embodied in the use of steel moulds. Firstly, to concrete placement, the steel mould is mostly disposable apparatus, and after an engineering, the steel mould has just been scrapped, and the cost of setting up the steel mould is comparatively high, and this cost has been raised with regard to a great extent. Secondly, for a type of component, the number of steel moulds is limited, the cost is limited, one steel mould cannot be built for each component, and the next component can be poured after the last component reaches the age and is demoulded, so that the construction period is slowed to a great extent. The method is basically realized by manual operation, and has the advantages of low efficiency, difficult guarantee of accuracy and higher labor cost.

(2) The 3D printing method is realized by the following steps:

the existing 3D printing method is realized by building and developing a printer which is larger than a designed arch structure to complete the construction. The disadvantages of such a process: in actual engineering, the length and the width of the structural member are also various, so that a printer cannot be built to meet the size requirements of various structural members, and if a super large printer is built, the flexibility and the building cost are high, and the operation and control of the super large printer are difficult. In addition, large-size concrete members are not easy to be formed at one time, and mainly, the larger the volume of the concrete material is, the larger the shrinkage is, the higher the risk of cracking is, and the quality is difficult to ensure. In addition, even if a large-size structural member with guaranteed quality is formed at one time, the construction process of transportation and hoisting is a great challenge in the future, and the construction complexity is increased.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a 3D printing self-locking assembly construction method for a large-span special-shaped arch structure, which aims to solve the problems in the prior art and reduce the construction difficulty of 3D printing of the large-span special-shaped arch structure.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:

the invention provides a 3D printing self-locking assembly construction method of a large-span special-shaped arch structure, which comprises the following steps of:

(1) dividing the large-span special-shaped arch structure into a plurality of sub-arch rings which are sequentially connected from one end to the other end, wherein any two adjacent sub-arch rings can be self-locked;

(2) and finishing the printing contour design of each sub-arch ring, outputting data which can be read by a concrete 3D printer, and importing the data into the printer.

(3)3D printing a shell template of each sub-arch ring and the back cover of the shell template, and watering and maintaining for 28 days;

(4) designing a reinforcement cage of each shell template according to the stress condition of each shell template, then manufacturing the reinforcement cage, arranging the reinforcement cage in the corresponding shell template, then pouring concrete in the shell template, vibrating, and watering and maintaining for 28 days to obtain each sub-arch ring;

(5) the sub-arch rings are transported to a construction site, the sub-arch rings are sequentially hoisted from a position close to an abutment to a position far away from the abutment, and an adhesive material is coated on the contact surfaces of the sub-arch rings and the adjacent sub-arch rings, so that the two adjacent sub-arch rings can be fully adhered and self-locked until the full-arch assembly is completed; after the bond strength is established, the build process is complete.

Preferably, two adjacent sub-arch rings are meshed through a self-locking structure, and the self-locking structure is a V-shaped interface.

Preferably, the number of the sub-arches is 3.

Preferably, the adhesive material is an epoxy-based interfacial adhesive material.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:

the 3D printing self-locking assembly construction method of the large-span special-shaped arch structure effectively reduces the construction difficulty of 3D printing of the large-span special-shaped arch structure and improves the construction efficiency of the large-span special-shaped arch structure.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-span special-shaped arch structure in the 3D printing self-locking assembly construction method of the large-span special-shaped arch structure of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a 3D printing self-locking assembly construction method of a large-span special-shaped arch structure of the invention;

FIG. 3 is an experimental result diagram of the adoption of self-locking structures of different shapes in the 3D printing self-locking assembly construction method of the large-span special-shaped arch structure of the invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an I-shaped self-locking structure in the 3D printing self-locking assembly construction method of the large-span special-shaped arch structure of the invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a pi-shaped self-locking structure in the 3D printing self-locking assembly construction method of the large-span special-shaped arch structure of the invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of an S-shaped self-locking structure in the 3D printing self-locking assembly construction method of the large-span special-shaped arch structure of the invention;

FIG. 7 is a bending moment diagram of a large-span special-shaped arch structure under a constant load and uniform load;

wherein: 1-a first sub-arch ring, 2-a second sub-arch ring, 3-a third sub-arch ring, 4-a bridge abutment, 5-an epoxy-based interface adhesive material layer, 6-a first self-locking structure, 7-a second self-locking structure, 8-a third self-locking structure and 9-a fourth self-locking structure.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.

The invention aims to provide a 3D printing self-locking assembly construction method for a large-span special-shaped arch structure, which aims to solve the problems in the prior art and reduce the construction difficulty of 3D printing of the large-span special-shaped arch structure.

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.

As shown in fig. 1 to 6: the 3D printing self-locking assembling construction method of the large-span special-shaped arch structure comprises the following steps:

(1) dividing the large-span special-shaped arch structure into a plurality of sub-arch rings which are sequentially connected from one end to the other end, wherein any two adjacent sub-arch rings can be self-locked;

specifically, the special-shaped arch structure is designed, the arch axis of the arch structure is designed according to the requirements of required span, clearance, bearing capacity and the like and matched with the reasonable arch axis as much as possible, and the design of a full arch is completed. And determining the position of the self-locking interface on the special-shaped arch, namely determining the position of the special-shaped arch segment. If the large-span special-shaped arch structure is a full-section pressed arch, the number and the positions of the segments of the full arch are reasonably determined according to the span, the bearing capacity and the requirements for reducing the printing difficulty and the assembling difficulty, and the positions of the segment interfaces are designed at the positions where the printing difficulty, the shrinkage cracking risk and the assembling difficulty of each segment arch structure member are lower, and can also be flexibly selected according to other requirements. If the large-span special-shaped arch structure is a tension arch with a partial section, the segmental interface is avoided from being positioned in a tension area according to a moment diagram of the whole arch, and the position of the segmental interface can be flexibly selected in a compression area according to the requirements of reducing the printing difficulty, the assembly difficulty and the like. After the position of the self-locking interface on the full arch is determined, a required self-locking form and an included angle are selected, in the embodiment, the large-span special-shaped arch structure is divided into a first sub-arch ring 1, a second sub-arch ring 2 and a third sub-arch ring 3, the right end of the first sub-arch ring 1 is provided with a first self-locking structure 6, the left end of the second sub-arch ring 2 is provided with a second self-locking structure 7, the right end of the second sub-arch ring 2 is provided with a third self-locking structure 8, the left end of the third sub-arch ring 3 is provided with a fourth self-locking structure 9, the first self-locking structure 6 is meshed with the second self-locking structure 7, and the third self-locking structure 8 is meshed with the fourth self.

In practical application, the first self-locking structure 6, the second self-locking structure 7, the third self-locking structure 8 and the fourth self-locking structure 9 can be designed into a V shape, an I shape, a Pi shape and an S shape, fig. 3 shows the tensile strength experimental result of the arch structure adopting the four self-locking structures, and the tensile strength of the arch structure adopting the V-shaped self-locking structure is the best; therefore, in the present embodiment, the first self-locking structure 6, the second self-locking structure 7, the third self-locking structure 8, and the fourth self-locking structure 9 are preferably "V" shaped, and the included angle of the "V" shape is preferably selected between 90 ° and 140 ° according to the size and volume of different segment members. In addition, in view of improving the stability of the arch structure, the self-locking structures are arranged at positions such that the geometric centers of two adjacent self-locking structures after being matched coincide with a point where the bending moment of the arch structure is 0, as shown in fig. 7.

(2) And finishing the printing contour design of each sub-arch ring, outputting data which can be read by a concrete 3D printer, and importing the data into the printer.

(3)3D printing the shell template of each sub-arch ring and the back cover of the shell template, and watering and maintaining for 28 days;

(4) designing a reinforcement cage of each shell template according to the stress condition of each shell template, then manufacturing the reinforcement cage, arranging the reinforcement cage in the corresponding shell template, then pouring concrete in the shell template, vibrating, and watering and maintaining for 28 days to obtain each sub-arch ring;

(5) each sub-arch ring is transported to a construction site, the sectional arch member positioned at one end of the abutment 4 is hoisted firstly, and after an epoxy-based interface adhesive material layer 5 with the thickness of about 1cm is coated on the self-locking interface, the sectional arch members which are designed to be butted are assembled and bonded with the self-locking interface; hoisting the sub-arch rings in sequence from the approach of the abutment to the distance of the abutment until the full-arch assembly is completed; after the bond strength is established, the build process is complete.

The formulation of the epoxy-based interfacial adhesive material is shown in table 1:

TABLE 1 formulation of epoxy-based interfacial adhesive materials (unit: g)

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

The principle and the implementation mode of the present invention are explained by applying specific examples in the present specification, and the above descriptions of the examples are only used to help understanding the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.