阅读说明：本技术 一种草莓果实的保鲜方法 (Strawberry fruit preservation method ) 是由 田世平 张占全 李博强 陈彤 徐勇 于 2020-05-19 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种草莓采后果实的保鲜方法。该方法包括下述步骤：将苯甲基异硫氰酸盐(BITC)溶液喷施于草莓果实表面。BITC溶液的浓度为50-200μg/mL；其喷施量为每千克草莓果实15-25mL。草莓果实自然发病率检测结果表明,BITC的喷雾处理可以有效抑制草莓果实采后病害(草莓灰霉病)的发生。(The invention discloses a method for preserving picked strawberries. The method comprises the following steps: spraying Benzyl Isothiocyanate (BITC) solution on the surface of strawberry fruit. The concentration of the BITC solution is 50-200 mug/mL; the spraying amount is 15-25mL per kilogram of strawberry fruits. The detection result of the natural disease incidence of the strawberry fruits shows that the spray treatment of the BITC can effectively inhibit the occurrence of the postharvest disease (strawberry gray mold) of the strawberry fruits.)

1. Use of benzyl isothiocyanate in at least one of the following aspects:

1) the application in preventing and treating gray mold;

2) the application in preparing products for preventing and treating gray mold;

3) application in inhibiting Botrytis cinerea is provided.

2. Use according to claim 1, characterized in that: the gray mold is caused by botrytis cinerea;

the gray mold is strawberry gray mold; preferably, the strawberry gray mold of the picked fruits of the strawberries;

the product is a bactericide.

3. Use according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inhibition of botrytis cinerea is now a) and/b) as follows: a) inhibiting spore germination and hypha growth of Botrytis cinerea; b) inhibiting the spreading rate of gray mold lesion of strawberry fruit caused by botrytis cinerea.

4. A method for preventing and treating postharvest gray mold of fruits comprises the following steps: spraying the benzyl isothiocyanate solution on the surface of the fruit.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein: the fruits are strawberry fruits, grape fruits and apple fruits;

the concentration of the benzyl isothiocyanate in the benzyl isothiocyanate solution is 50-200 mug/mL.

The benzyl isothiocyanate solution is obtained by diluting benzyl isothiocyanate mother liquor with water; the concentration of the benzyl isothiocyanate mother liquor is 0.1-0.2g/mL, and the solvent is absolute ethyl alcohol.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein: the fruits are strawberry fruits, and the spraying amount of the benzyl isothiocyanate solution is 15-25mL per kilogram of strawberry fruits.

7. A method for preserving the picked strawberry fruits comprises the following steps: spraying the benzyl isothiocyanate solution on the surfaces of the strawberry fruits.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein: the concentration of the benzyl isothiocyanate in the benzyl isothiocyanate solution is 50-200 mug/mL.

The benzyl isothiocyanate solution is obtained by diluting benzyl isothiocyanate mother liquor with water; the concentration of the benzyl isothiocyanate mother liquor is 0.1-0.2g/mL, and the solvent is absolute ethyl alcohol.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein: the spraying amount of the benzyl isothiocyanate solution is 15-25mL per kilogram of strawberry fruits.

10. The method according to any one of claims 7-9, wherein: the method also comprises the steps of placing the strawberry fruits after the benzyl isothiocyanate solution is sprayed into a sterilized plastic basket, covering a polyethylene freshness protection package outside, and storing at 15-25 ℃.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of storage and preservation of fruits and vegetables, and particularly relates to a preservation method of strawberry fruits.

Background

Strawberry (Fragaria ananassa) is a perennial herb of the Rosaceae strawberry, has bright color and unique flavor, and is rich in various nutrient substances such as minerals, dietary fibers, vitamin C, vitamin A, vitamin E, vitamin PP, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, carotene, tannic acid, anthocyanin, flavone and the like, and particularly, the content of the vitamin C is 7-10 times higher than that of apples and grapes. The strawberry contains rich carotene and vitamin A, can relieve night blindness, has the effects of maintaining epithelial tissue health, improving eyesight, nourishing liver and promoting growth and development, is known as fruit queen, and is popular with consumers. However, since strawberry fruits belong to berry fruits, the fruit peel is fragile, the moisture content is high, and the strawberry fruits are extremely easily damaged by machinery in the harvesting and transportation processes, so that pathogenic fungi are infected, and the strawberry fruits are rotten and deteriorated. Therefore, the short preservation period after harvest becomes a key factor limiting the development of the strawberry industry. The shelf life of the strawberry fruits is prolonged, the commodity value of the strawberries is improved, the problem to be solved urgently in the storage and the preservation of the strawberries is solved, and the research hotspot and difficulty in the field of the storage and the preservation of fruits and vegetables are realized.

Isothiocyanate (ITCs) is an organic sulfur compound with cancer prevention and anticancer effects in cruciferous plants, and has recently received high attention from the nutritional and preventive medical communities. ITCs are found in cruciferous vegetables, such as broccoli, cabbage, broccoli, brussels sprouts, and the like, primarily as glucosinolate conjugates. About 100 kinds of ITCs have been found, but ITCs that are frequently exposed in the diet and experimentally confirmed to have an anticancer effect mainly include Benzyl Isothiocyanate (BITC), Allyl Isothiocyanate (AITC), phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC) and Sulforaphane (SFN). BITC is a safe plant source natural product, and no report of the application of BITC in the field of strawberry preservation exists at present.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of the present invention is to provide a novel use of Benzyl Isothiocyanate (BITC).

The new application of Benzyl Isothiocyanate (BITC) provided by the invention comprises at least one aspect of the following aspects:

1) the application in preventing and treating gray mold;

2) the application in preparing products for preventing and treating gray mold;

3) application in inhibiting Botrytis cinerea is provided.

The gray mold can be caused by Botrytis cinerea (Botrytis cinerea).

The gray mold can be strawberry gray mold, grape gray mold, apple gray mold, etc.; further, the strawberry fruit rot after the strawberry is picked can be strawberry gray mold.

The product may be a bactericide.

The botrytis cinerea inhibiting bacteria are specifically represented by the following a) and/b):

a) inhibiting spore germination and hypha growth of Botrytis cinerea;

b) inhibiting the spreading rate of gray mold lesion of strawberry fruit caused by botrytis cinerea.

The invention also aims to provide a method for preventing and controlling the postharvest gray mold of the fruit.

The method for preventing and treating gray mold provided by the invention comprises the following steps: the Benzyl Isothiocyanate (BITC) solution was sprayed onto the fruit surface.

The fruit may be strawberry fruit, grape fruit, apple fruit, etc.

The concentration of benzyl isothiocyanate in the Benzyl Isothiocyanate (BITC) solution is 50-200 μ g/mL, and specifically can be 100 μ g/mL.

The Benzyl Isothiocyanate (BITC) solution is obtained by diluting Benzyl Isothiocyanate (BITC) mother liquor with water. The concentration of the Benzyl Isothiocyanate (BITC) mother liquor is 0.1-0.2g/mL, and the solvent is absolute ethyl alcohol.

The fruits are strawberry fruits, and the spraying amount of the Benzyl Isothiocyanate (BITC) solution is 15-25mL (specifically 20 mL) per kilogram of strawberry fruits.

The invention also aims to provide a method for preserving the picked strawberry fruits.

The invention provides a method for preserving picked strawberry fruits, which comprises the following steps: spraying Benzyl Isothiocyanate (BITC) solution on the surface of strawberry fruit.

The concentration of benzyl isothiocyanate in the Benzyl Isothiocyanate (BITC) solution is 50-200 μ g/mL, and specifically can be 100 μ g/mL.

The Benzyl Isothiocyanate (BITC) solution is obtained by diluting Benzyl Isothiocyanate (BITC) mother liquor with water. The concentration of the Benzyl Isothiocyanate (BITC) mother liquor is 0.1-0.2g/mL, and the solvent is absolute ethyl alcohol.

The spraying amount of the Benzyl Isothiocyanate (BITC) solution is 15-25mL per kilogram of strawberry fruits, and specifically can be 20 mL.

The method also comprises the steps of placing the strawberry fruits after spraying the Benzyl Isothiocyanate (BITC) solution into a sterilized plastic basket, covering a polyethylene freshness protection package outside, and storing at 15-25 ℃.

The BITC has obvious inhibition effect on spore germination and hypha growth of the botrytis cinerea. In the liquid culture medium PDB, 50. mu.g/mL of BITC could completely inhibit germination of Botrytis cinerea spores (FIGS. 1A and B), 50. mu.g/mL on PDA plates had a 42% inhibition rate of colony growth, and 100. mu.g/mL of BITC could completely inhibit colony growth (FIG. 1C). This indicates that BITC has a significant inhibitory effect on the germination and growth of Botrytis cinerea.

Drawings

FIG. 1 shows the inhibitory effect of BITC on Botrytis cinerea; observing germination conditions of botrytis cinerea spores after BITC treatment; b, counting germination rates of botrytis cinerea spores after the BITC treatment; and C, counting the diameters of the botrytis cinerea colonies after the BITC treatment.

FIG. 2 shows the inhibitory effect of BITC on gray mold of strawberry fruit; the gray mold incidence of strawberry fruits after BITC treatment (3days post infection); and B, counting diameters of gray mold lesions of strawberry fruits after BITC treatment.

FIG. 3 shows the inhibitory effect of BITC on the natural onset of strawberry fruit; the natural morbidity of strawberry fruits after the BITC treatment; and B, counting the natural morbidity of the strawberry fruits after the BITC treatment.

Detailed Description

The present invention is described below with reference to specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

The experimental procedures used in the following examples are all conventional procedures unless otherwise specified.

Materials, reagents and the like used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified.

In the quantitative tests in the following examples, three replicates were set up and the results averaged.